MAGNASOFT * EPS. Key Features and Typical Benefits. water soluble

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1 MAGNASOFT * EPS hydrophilic softener finish SPECIALTY FLUIDS - TEXTILES & LEATHER Marketing Bulletin Magnasoft EPS is a nonionic, water-soluble, polyoxyalkylenemodified reactive silicone, that is designed as a hydrophilic softener and lubricant for fibers and fabrics, such as polyester, polypropylene, nylon, cotton, polyester/cotton, cellulose, wool, rayon, acrylics, and a wide range of other synthetic and natural fibers. It should also be considered for application to other substrates where softening, lubrication, and increased wetting and water absorption are desired (paper, woven substrates, binder systems, fiber/thread finishes, and adhesives). Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener imparts durable hydrophilicity when a portion of the substrate is cellulosic in nature (e.g., cotton) or contains some other reactive site. It can also be applied to such naturally hydrophobic surfaces as polypropylene, nylon, and polyester, rendering them hydrophilic. While Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener initially imparts excellent hydrophilicity to 100-percent synthetics, such as nylon and polyester, the treatment exhibits limited durability to multiple launderings. In addition to imparting hydrophilicity, Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener also imparts excellent softening/lubricating properties, while simultaneously enhancing the physical properties of the fabric. Compared to conventional silicones, the hydrophilic properties exhibited by Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener tend to reduce fabric oily soil absorption, especially on 100-percent synthetics. Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener can also be blended with other systems (organic or silicone) that tend to reduce the absorption of substrates to which they are applied or where a modified feel is desired. Key Features and Typical Benefits water soluble enhances hydrophilicity imparts excellent softening/lubricity improves fabric physical strength durable to multiple launderings requires no emulsification heat stable excellent compatibility with finishing baths no additional catalysts required economical low order of toxicity Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener can be used on substrates alone or by direct addition to a durable press resin or latexcontaining finishing bath. It may also be applied as a topcoat, with or without a durable press resin or latex finish. Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener is a surface-active silicone and can be used with a wide variety of textile treating equipment. Foam finishing, MA (minimum application), pad bath, spray, vacuum slot, and kiss roll applicators are examples of the treating equipment that can be utilized. As a water-soluble silicone, it exhibits excellent surface tension reduction and wetting properties when in water alone or formu lated. These properties assist in achieving rapid, thorough, and uniform applica tion of the fabric finish at high processing speeds. Surface activity, using a model durable press finishing bath, is demonstrated in Table 1. In addition to excellent hydrophilicity, Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener imparts to fabric all the other excellent properties expected from conventional reactive and nonreactive silicones. Table 2 illustrates the excellent hydrophilic properties imparted to 50/50 polyester/cotton and 100-percent cotton fabric by Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener compared to a conventional reactive silicone. Typical Physical Properties Form Liquid Type Nonionic Color Tan to light brown Viscosity at 25 C, cst 4000 Actives, % by wt 100 Solvents Water, alcohol, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, some aliphatic hydrocarbons Solubility in Water at 25 C, % by wt >20 Apparent Specific Gravity at 25/25 C Cloud Point, 1 percent aqueous solution, (1) F ( C) 95 (35), min Flash Point (Pensky-Martens Closed Cup, ASTM D 93), F ( C) 290 (143) (1) Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener should not be used at temperatures >100 F (37.8 C) (above its cloud point) because it will become insoluble and form a fine dispersion.

2 How to Use Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener Concentration Range Depending on the end use, durability requirements, and the level of performance needed, the con centration of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener solids required on the fabric will vary from 0.2 to 1.0 weight percent. Catalysts Use of a catalyst will generally enhance the durability of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener. When added to a durable press resin bath, the catalyst type and level usually used for durable press resin crosslinking will also serve to catalyze Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener. These catalyst types usually include magnesium chloride hexahydrate alone or mixtures thereof. In the absence of a durable press resin, the addition of a catalyst to the treating bath will enhance the durability of the treatment using Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener. Of the catalysts listed above, use levels of 10 to 20 percent (as received), based on the weight of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener, are recommended. Magnasoft Tech Additive 10, available from Momentive Performance Materials, can also be used with Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener. Cure The times and temperatures employed for conventional fabric processing are usually adequate and sufficient for curing Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener; 1-1/2 minutes at 170 C can be used as a starting dry/cure cycle. Handling Since Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener is a water-soluble silicone, it can be added directly to the treating bath if sufficient agitation is available. However, it is generally more convenient to prepare a 20 to 50-percent aqueous concentrate of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener before addition to the treating bath at the desired level. To enhance water solu bility, Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener should be slowly poured into the vortex of the water being stirred. Stirring should continue until a clear-to-slightly hazy solution results. If 50-percent solutions of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener are desired, it is recom mended that 10 to 15-percent isopropanol, or other water-soluble cosolvent, be added to the final solution to obtain low, pourable viscosity. Use of isopropanol also facilitates the solubility of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener. If concentrated aqueous solutions of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener will be stored for extended periods, it is recom mended that 0.05 to 0.1 weight percent of sodium bicarbonate buffer be added to the solutions. Performance Properties Test Methods The data presented below were developed using the following tests: Wettability AATCC Method Elmendorf Tear Resistance ASTM D Abrasion Resistance ASTM D Wrinkle Recovery Angle AATCC Method Durable Press Rating AATCC Method Table 1: Surface Tension Effects of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener in Model Durable Press Bath Parts by Wt Formulation A B C D E Water DMDHEU Resin (45%) MgCl 2 6HOH (25%) Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener Surface Tension at 20 C, dynes/cm Page 2 of 8

3 Performance Properties (continued) Table 2 illustrates how Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener improves the wettability of fabrics, compared to a conventional silicone, without adversely affecting other important fabric properties. Table 2: Performance of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener vs. Conventional Reactive Silicone Conventional Reactive Magnasoft EPS Property Silicone Hydrophilic Softener 50/50 = Polyester/Cotton, Type 130 (1) Initial > Launderings (140 F) (60 C) > Durable Press Rating Durability (5 Launderings), % % Bleached Cotton Supercale (2) Initial > Launderings (140 F) (60 C) > Durable Press Rating Durability (5 Launderings), % (1) 12.5% DMDHEU Resin, 0.6% Silicone (2) 17% DMDHEU Resin, 0.5% Silicone The data provided in Table 3 demonstrate how Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener enhances softening, durable press rating, tear strength, and wrinkle recovery angle, without compromising fabric wettability. Table 3: Performance of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener in a Model Durable Press Resin Bath FABRIC: 50/50 = Polyester/Cotton, Type 130 Fabric + DMDHEU Resin (1) Fabric Alone No 0.5% Magnasoft EPS Property (No Resin) Silicone Hydrophilic Softener Hand (softness) (2) Initial Washes Initial Washes <1 <1 15 Durable Press Rating (5 Washes) Elmendorf Tear Resistance (WARP), g Initial Washes Wrinkle Recovery Angle (WARP & Fill), degrees Initial Washes (1) 12.5 parts DMDHEU Resin (45%) (2) 1 = Softest, 3 = Harshest Page 3 of 8

4 Performance Properties (continued) Table 4 demonstrates the utility and durability of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener in a model carbamate resin system. Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener improves the physical properties of the fabric, but does not adversely affect wettability, which can occur with conventional reactive silicones. Table 4: Effect of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener Concentration on Fabric Properties in a Model Carbamate Resin System FABRIC: 50/50 = Polyester/Cotton, Type 130 Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener Concentration in Bath (1), Parts by Wt Property 0 (Control) Initial Washes <2 <1 <1 Flex Abrasion, cycles Initial Washes Tear Strength, g Initial Washes Wrinkle Recovery Angle (WARP), degrees Initial Washes (1) Bath Composition Parts by Wt Carbamate Resin (46%) 20 MgCl 2 6HOH Catalyst 5 Glacial Acetic Acid 0.25 Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener 0.3, 0.6 Water QS to 100 The flex abrasion performance characteristics and durability of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener over a broad concentration range in a model DMDHEU resin bath is shown in Figure 1. Up to 0.5 weight percent Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener in this particular model bath, there is rapid improvement in flex abrasion properties of the fabric, which then levels off. The same study showed excellent fabric wetting properties as low as 0.1 percent Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener after 10 launderings. During the same study, tear strength was also evaluated and increased from 1200 g at 0 percent Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener in the bath to 1450 g at 0.1 percent and up to 2300 g at 1 percent. Figure 1: Effect of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener Concentration on Flex Abrasion for 50/50 Polyester/Cotton Type 130 Fabric 11,800 Initial Flex Abrasion, cycles to rupture 10,800 9,800 8,800 7,800 6,800 5, Launderings 4, Magnasft EPS Hydrophilic Softener Concentration, wt % Bath Formula Parts by Wt DMDHEU Resin (45%) 12.5 MgCl 2 6HOH Catalyst (25%) 2.5 Glacial Acetic Acid 0.1 Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener Water QS to 100 Page 4 of 8

5 Performance Properties (continued) There are instances where a formulator wishes to impart softness and enhance the physical properties of fabric without the use of durable press resin. Table 5 shows that Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener can be used alone or in blend with other reactive and nonreactive silicones to achieve these desired properties. Table 5: Effect of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener on Polyester/Cotton Fabric (1) Properties (No Durable Press Resin) (2) Flex Abrasion, Elmendorf Tear Wrinkle Recovery cycles Resistance, g Angle (WARP), deg Finish Initial Washes Initial Washes Initial Washes Initial Washes Fabric Alone Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener ,700 11, , Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener/ TE-24 Blend (3) ,800 11, Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener/ LE-46 Blend (4) ,200 11, (1) 50/50 Polyester/Cotton, Type 130 (2) Treating Bath Parts by Wt Silicone Actives 0.6 Water 99.4 (3) 0.48/0.60 = Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener (100%)/ Magnasoft TE-24 (20%) (4) 0.48/0.34 = Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener (100%)/LE-46 (35%) Table 6 presents an example of how Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener functions on 100-percent cotton compared to a conventional reactive silicone. It shows that Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener enhances the physical properties of the fabric as well as a conventional silicone, without adversely affecting the fabric s wettability. Table 6: Performance of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener on 100% Cotton Printcloth (80 x 80), Style 400 (1) Conventional Reactive Magnasoft EPS Property Silicone Hydrophilic Softener Initial Washes 94 3 DP Appearance Flex Abrasion, cycles (0.5/2.0 = H/T) Initial Washes Elmendorf Tear Resistance, g Initial Washes Wrinkle Recovery Angle, degrees Initial Washes (1) Bath Composition Wt % DMDHEU Resin (45%) 14.0 MgCl 2 6HOH Catalyst (25%) 1.4 Silicone Actives 0.5 Tergitol Nonionic Surfactant TMN-6 (Dow Chemical) 0.1 Glacial Acetic Acid 0.05 Water Page 5 of 8

6 Performance Properties (continued) The data presented in Table 7 illustrate the utility of Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener in Foam Finishing Technology (FFT): can be successfully coapplied with a durable press resin system using FFT equipment. fabric wet-pickup of only 25 weight percent is needed to achieve uniform formula application. Pad bath wet-pickup is typically in the 80 to 90 percent range. Thus, applying Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener by FFT results in significant energy savings in dry/cure. significantly improves fabric softness, without interfering with fabric hydrophilicity. improves fabric tear strength and abrasion resistance properties. Table 7: Performance of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener in Foam Finishing Technology (FFT) Small-Scale Machine Trials (1) FABRIC: 65/35 = Polyester/Cotton Broadcloth (2), Style 7409 Magnasoft EPS Control Hydrophilic Softener Property (Resin Only) + Resin 4 4 Elmendorf Tear Resistance, g Abrasion Resistance), cycles ,300 Wrinkle Recovery Angle (WARP & Fill) ), degrees Durable Press Rating Handle Harsh Soft (1) Model FFT Formulation Wt % DMDHEU Resin (38%) 49.2 MgCl 2 6HOH Catalyst (64%) 7.4 Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener (20% solution) 12.0 Tergitol Nonionic Surfactant TMN-6 (Dow Chemical) 1.0 Hartox DMCD (Hart Products) 2.0 Water 28.4 (2) 3 oz/yd 2 (102 g/m 2 ) FFT Operating Conditions Applicator Type 1-sided Fabric Speed, yd/min (m/min) 10 (9) Wet Pick-up, wt % 25 Liquid Flow Rate, g/min 130 Air Flow Rate, L/min 2 Foamer Pressure, psi 31 Applicator Pressure, Bottom 4.5 in water column Foam Density, g/cc Foamer Speed, rpm 900 Nozzle Gap, in 1/8 In addition to its usefulness with cotton and cotton blends, Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener is also effective on a variety of synthetic fabrics. For example, when used on a 100-percent woven polyester, Magnasoft EPS hydrophilic softener improved wettability and softness, as shown in Table 8. Table 8: Performance of Magnasoft EPS Hydrophilic Softener on Woven 100% Polyester FABRIC: Style 767H, Heat Set Magnasoft Untreated EPS-Treated Property Polyester Hydrophilic Softener Wettability (1), sec >300 6 Softness (2) 5 1 (1) AATCC Method (2) 1 = Softest, 5 = Harshest Page 6 of 8

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