Flow Assisted Erosion-Corrosion of High Speed Steel (HSS) in NanofluidCoolant. Yuli Panca Asmara, Yap Chun Wei, Mohd Fazli Ismail, Khairi Yusuf

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1 Flow Assisted Erosion-Corrosion of High Speed Steel (HSS) in NanofluidCoolant Yuli Panca Asmara, Yap Chun Wei, Mohd Fazli Ismail, Khairi Yusuf

2 Contents Introduction Objectives Methodology Results and Discussion Conclusion References

3 Introduction Technological developments which are operating at high speeds and high-power engines will increase thermal loads and require advance cooling. The conventional method for enhancing cooling is to increase the area available for exchange heat which is unsustainable due to high power consumption of the pumps and large amount of coolant are needed. The use of nano-coolant is suspected to have effects on erosion-corrosion of piping systems in heat exchanger.

4 Objectives Nano-coolant are better compared to conventional fluids in terms of thermal efficiency. However it is suspected to increase both corrosion and erosion. The research is to investigate erosioncorrosion of nana-coolant so it would have beneficial input in selecting coolant fluids.

5 Methodology This study was carried out to determine the erosion corrosion of AISI 316 stainless steel in solutions containing nanoparticles. The experiments used rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) at rotational speed of rpm under varying temperature of 30 o C-70 o C. Corrosion rate was measured using linear polarization resistance (LPR) method and erosion was indicated by measuring average depth of surface of the samples (surface roughness).

6 Materials and solutions

7 Test set-up

8 EXPERIMENT PROCEDURES Mixer Ultrasonic homogenizer Grinder Stirrer and heater

9 RESULTS T30 T40 T50 CONVENTIONAL COOLANT T60 T70

10 T30 T40 T50 NANO COOLANT T60 T70

11 Corrosion rate versus rotational speed for nanocoolant (a) and conventional coolant (b) in different temperature.

12 Comparison of corrosion rate between nana-coolant and conventional coolant at several rotational speeds. (b) Comparison of surface roughness (surface depth) versus temperature for nanacoolant and conventional coolant

13 Results and Discussion The results showed that both corrosion rate and surface roughness of samples have increased when temperature and rotation speed increased. The erosion-corrosion effects of nano-coolant were lower in stagnant condition. Comparing with conventional coolant, the nano-fluid showed significant differences. In flow conditions, the effects were remarkable. It was also found that maximum synergism erosion and corrosion were occurred at higher temperature and high rotation speed for both of types solutions.

14 Conclusion Corrosion rate is higher in the nano-coolant than conventional coolant. Nano-coolant using TiO 2 nanoparticles affect the erosion rate and corrosion rate simultaneously. The particles damages were caused by synergy effect of erosion and corrosion. The effects were significant in high flow conditions and higher temperature. The mechanical wear caused by erosion accelerated damages the surface of the specimen

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