Implementation and best practices in recycling/waste management

Transcription

1 Implementation and best practices in recycling/waste management Jan Tytgat Umicore Euro-mediterranean industrial cooperation Developments and ooportunities in raw materials management Organised by the European Commission

2 Umicore s business approach Application know-how We transform metals into hi- tech materials We close the loop and secure supply by recycling production scrap, industrial bi-products and end-of of-life products Metals material Infinitely solutions recyclable Traceability Recycling Material solutions 2

3 Metals are critical for technology of the future Based on: Achzet et al., Materials critical to the energy industry, Augsburg, 2011 Products are becoming increasingly complex 3

4 Booming new products drive demand for metals Million units Annual global sales of mobile phones Smart Phones

5 From waste to secondary resources Over 40% of annual world mine production of Cu, Sn, Sb, In, Ru & REE used in electrics & electronics (value > 50 bn. /a) 1,8 Mn. Mobile phones & 365 Mn. computer in 2011 account for 4% world mine production of Au and Ag and for 20% of Pd & Co. 60% of PGM mined used in cars (catalyst); increased use of electronics ( computer on wheels ) 5

6 Urban mining deposits can be much richer than primary mining ores Primary mining ~ 5 g/t Au in ore Similar for PGMs ( Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Os, Lr) Urban mining 200 to 300 g/t Au in electronics 2,000 g/t PGM in automotive catalysts 6

7 Technology metals need smart recycling traditional mass focussed recycling does not fit Bottle glass Steel scrap Circuit boards Autocatalysts + Green glass White glass Brown glass PM & specialty metals PGMs Focus on mass & costs Focus on critical fractions & value 7

8 Recycling of complex end-of-life products requires an integrated value chain Recycling success depends on effectiveness of each step End-of-life electronics Collection Dismantling Pre-processing Materials recovery Recycled metals Example: 30% x 90% x 60% x 95% = 15% 8

9 Hurdle 1: Very low collection in spite of efficient recycling technology: e.g. Mobile phones Recycling potential: 1.1 billion units or 110,000 tons (including batteries) Reality is less than 5500 tons (<5%) Collection Preprocessing Dismantling Materials recovery 9

10 Hurdle 2: Dubious exports of waste/resources Significant volume of electronic scrap exported to emerging countries Waste Shipment Regulation ESM (Environmentally Sound Management) principle very poorly implemented and enforced Collection Preprocessing Dismantling Materials recovery 10

11 Hurdle 3: Inefficient backyard processing High metal losses (Au yield around 25%) Huge damage to health & environment 60% of WEEE from Europe is not properly recycled, critical metals are lost forever Collecion Preprocessing Dismantling Materials recovery 11

12 Recycling at Umicore Metals recovered > 20 Recovery rate > 90% Investments in innovation (last 15 yrs) > 500 million Revenues (2011) > 800 million Employment > 2000 skilled jobs CO2 Emissions Saved: 1 million t/a 12

13 Required actions to realize the full potential of the recycling chain Increase the collection of end-of-life products Prevent illegal & dubious exports of relevant end-of-life products improved enforcement of EU waste shipment regulation Create a level playing field internationally Certification scheme for export of secondary raw materials Re-shipping of complex End of Life products to Best available technology - recycling plants Foster innovation in recycling technologies as products evolve 13

14 Recycling success factors Metallurgy Product design & business models Consumerbehaviour Costs & revenues Collection & logistics Mechanical processing Product perspective Recycling requirements Technical recyclability Accessibility of relevant component Economic viability Keeping within recycling chain Material perspective System-approach Sufficient recycling capacity 14

15 Benefits of recycling Investments Jobs Access to critical materials Drivers for Recycling Innovation Energy efficiency Resource Efficiency Environmental Benefits 15

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