What Architects, Specifiers and Installers Need to Know

Transcription

1 What Architects, Specifiers and Installers Need to Know

2 THE PRESENTATION. LED performance, life, CRI, more WHAT S OBSOLETE? WHAT S STILL VIABLE? WHAT TO LOOK FOR FACT vs OPINION

3 A BRIEF HISTORY Electroluminescence discovered (H.J. Rounds at Marconi Labs) st LED (IR) Oleg Lasev in Russia IR emission from PN junction at RCA st patent on an LED (Baird at TI) the SNX-100 (IR at 900nm) estimated cost per chip~ $ Red LED from GE 1972 Red and yellow 10x brighter than 1962 also 1 st blue LED in lab Cree sells blue LEDs First BRIGHT (higher output) blue LED by Shuji Nakamura at Nichia (Nobel Prize in 2014) This allowed remote phosphor (secondary emission) LED lighting!! L/W from chips (lab)-now >300L/W Output has doubled every 3 years since 1962 and > 100 times since 1990 AND continues to improve

4 WHAT ARE THE BASICS? LED/SSL CCT (degrees K) Correlated Color Temperature CRI (0-100) Color Rendering Index (fidelity) transition to TM-30 (fidelity and Gamut Indexappearance and preference) Spectral Power Distribution (SPD) Lumens; watts Luminous Efficacy (Lumens/watt) sometimes called efficiency (but technically different) Testing - LM-79; Testing -Life (L70.) LM-80

5 GROSSLY OVER LIT BUT USING LESS ENERGY! SUV-LED! THEY COULD SAVE EVEN MORE ENERGY BY SHUTTING OFFF THE LIGHTS!

6 START WITH UNDERSTANDING DESIGN GOALS NOT WITH FIXTURES CLIENT GOALS VS YOUR GOALS WHAT SHOULD THE LIGHTING ACCOMPLISH? (LD&A, Nov. 2015, The Value Proposition by Mark Rea- Going Beyond What s Recommended) Health Care Illuminance vs Circadian Stimulus Exterior lighting for safety and security illuminance vs brightness

7 Light Source Photopic Effic (L/W) Rel Brightness Efficacy Photopic Illum (lux) Relative Brightness Illum Power Density (W/m²) Equal PI HPS Equal PI LED Equal PD HPS Equal PD LED Equal RBI HPS Equal RBI LED PI = Photopic Illuminance (lux) PD = Power Density (W/m²) RBI = Relative Brightness Illumination LED = 6500K

8 USING HIGHER CCT LED LIGHTING ALLOWS LOWER PHOTOPIC ILLUMINANCE AND THUS LOWER ENERGY FOR EQUIVALENT RELATIVE BRIGHTNESS AND THE PERCEPTION OF SAFETY (THAN USING LOWER CCT LIGHT LIKE HPS) SO IF YOUR GOAL IS A SAFE AND SECURE PARKING LOT (OR THE FEELING OF SAFETY AND SECURITY)- USE A HIGHER CCT LIGHT SOURCE

9 LED CCT PHOTOPIC EFFICACY (L/W) PHOTOPIC ILLUM (LX) CIRCADIAN STIMULUS (CS) POWER DENSITY (W/M²) W/FT² EQUAL PHOTOPIC ILLUM 2700K 6500K EQUAL POWER DENSITY 2700K 6500K EQUAL CIRCAD. STIMULUS 2700K 6500K CS 0.0 TO 0.7 WITH 0.4 EFFECTIVE FOR IMPROVING SLEEP AND REDUCING AGITATION

10 HEALTH CARE-MEMORY LOSS PATIENTS GOAL TO IMPROVE THEIR SLEEP PATTERNS REDUCE AGITATION APPROACH: USE LIGHT THAT IS MOST EFFECTIVE WITH CIRCADIAN STIMULUS AND AT A TIME FOR POSITIVE IMPACT - HIGHER CCT LIGHT FOR AN HOUR OR MORE IN THE MORNING

11 Sometimes easier to meet your goals with LEDs Generally save energy Smaller fixtures/light source are easier to integrate into your the building design More control options (but be careful!!) Quality of light, color changing and CCT changing/shift Sometimes Maybe Not Cost (but coming down) Controls and dimming low level Rapid development and evolution like a bid, quote or guarantee how long will your spec be good for? Intensity/glare Heat removal and retrofits

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13 FIXTURE OPTIONS IN VERY SMALL PACKAGES FOR THE FUTURE.??

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17 TOMORROW S LEDS BETTER EFFICACY (Lumens/watt) BETTER LIFE (L70-L80-L90?) BETTER CCT CONTROL BETTER COLOR RENDITION LOWER COST SO..? What does this mean? Leverone Field House at Dartmouth

18 Leverone (Dartmouth) Increased light levels by ~25% Reduced the connected load from kW to 54.34kW (~64%) Saved ~ 402,067kWH from load reduction Saved an additional ~80,000kWH with controls Control system records actual usage and compares it to original baseline with reports

19 JUNE 2015 DECEMBER ,580 lumens at 51 watts 5,975 lumens at 52 watts

20 WHAT S OBSOLETE?

21 WHAT S OBSOLETE?

22 WHAT S OBSOLETE? COMPACT FLUORESCENTS IN ALMOST ANYTHING, ESPECIALLY RECESSED DOWN LIGHTS Fixture Lamp Lum Fix Effic % Fix L Lumen /watt Tot watts FC at 8 Hor CF 2-26w % L/W ~ fc 9 x10 Vert CF 32w LED % ~35 11fc 11 dia ~1650 ~ w 17fc / 9.6 LED 4 900L ~900+ ~ w ~12fc / 9 dia

23 WHAT S OBSOLETE? (The opinion section) INCANDESCENT LAMPS few exceptions (Theater/MR/AR) EXTERIOR AREA, FLOOD, SPOT - HID especially MH TROFFERS, LINEAR DIRECT/INDIRECT INDUSTRIAL HI & LOW BAY DECORATIVE?

24 LINEAR FLUORESCENTS??

25 T8 FLUORESCENT LED

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27 RETROFITTING OR MISFITTING?

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33 RETRO-MISFITTING Star Wars Droid Rejects

34 ALL LED LAMPS ARE NOT CREATED EQUAL

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37 WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN LED FIXTURES TESTING - TESTING 123 LM-79, LM-80, ISTMT AND TM-21 ENERGY STAR AND DLC = REBATES

38 WHAT TO LOOK FOR LM-79 and LM-80 Testing by EPA recognized labs LM-79 Performance MEASURES LED LUMINARE AS A SYSTEM PROVIDES TOTAL LUMINOUS FLUX, INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION, POWER CHARACTERISTICS, EFFICACY, CRI, CCT LM-80 - Life - Lumen Maintenance (2015 was 2008) MEASURES LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE APPLIES TO LED COMPONENT NOT THE SYSTEM TESTING RESULTS CANNOT BE EXTRAPOLATED! Provides luminous flux for a given current over 6K hours at 3 diff case temps. Also chromaticity shifts In Situ Temp Measure Test (ISTMT) and TM extrapolate

39 COLOR IT IS DIFFICULT NOT TO CONFUSE THAT WHICH DERIVES FROM THE OBJECTS WITH THAT WHICH DERIVES FROM OUR SENSES EDME MARIOTTE 1681 TREATISE ON THE NATURE OF COLORS CRI - COLOR RENDERING INDEX (FIDELITY) VERSES TM-30 AND THE GAI -GAMUT AREA INDEX HEALTH

40 SPD & METAMERISM

41 STAY IN CONTROL DIMMING REPAIR REPLACEMENT- DRIVER! OH DRIVER! DO YOU BELIEVE THE COST OF AN LED HAS GONE DOWN?

42 SUMMARY RETROFIT OR NEW RETROFIT ENERGY STAR AND MOCK IT UP!!! NEW CCT, CRI (AND GAI?), LUMEN OUTPUT, EFFICACY (L/W) BEAM ANGLE AND DISTRIBUTION

43 HAVE THE LAMPS & FIXTURES BEEN TESTED? - ENERGY STAR, DLC, LM 79 & 80 IS PERCEIVED COLOR (CCT) IMPORTANT? IS COLOR RENDITION IMPORTANT? RATED LIFE-TIME L-70? DLC LISTING DOES NOT MEAN EQUIVALENT FIXTURES!

44 NEMA Market Trends % Luminaire Sales for LEDs % % % (projected)

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47 Embrace the technology!