WRITE- UP ACOUSTICAL ANALYSIS OF BODE AKINDELE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY BUILDING. ARC/10/1094 AJAYI, Olorunfemi J.

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1 A WRITE- UP On the ACOUSTICAL ANALYSIS OF BODE AKINDELE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY BUILDING FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AKURE. AKURE, ONDO STATE. NIGERIA By ARC/10/1094 AJAYI, Olorunfemi J. ARC/10/1088 ADEWOLE, Adetunji V. Submitted to: THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State. Supervised by Prof. Olu Ola Ogunsote. JULY i

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 BODE AKINDELE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY BUILDING, F. U. T.A Akure, Ondo State 3.0 GENERAL DESCIPTION OF THE BUILDING COMPONENTS FINISHES 3.1 THE FLOOR FINISHES 3.2 THE WALL FINISHES 3.3 THE CEILING FINISHES 4.0 ANALYSIS OF SOURCES OF NOISE 4.1 EXTERNAL SOURCE 4.2 THE INTERNAL SOURCE 5.0 ACOUSTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STUDIO 5.1 BACKGROUND NOISE 6.0 METHOD OF IMPROVING THE ACOUSTIC OF THE BUILDING 6.1 INTERNAL NOISE 6.2 EXTERNAL NOISE 7.0 CONCLUSION REFERENCE ii

3 LIST OF FIGURES: AutoCAD drawings Figure1: Site plan Figure 2: Floor plan showing furniture, finishes and dimensions LIST OF PLATES: pictogram Plate 1: Interior view showing arrangement of furniture and ceiling Plate 2 : Exterior view showing front view of the building Plate 3: Exterior view showing Left Elevation of the building Plate 4: Exterior view showing Right Elevation of Building Plate 5: Exterior view showing Rear view of Building iii

4 1.0 INTRODUCTION ACOUSTICS is simply the science of sound, which involves mainly the study of the room acoustics and the control of noise. While ROOM ACOUSTICS is concerned with the nature, properties and characteristics of sound in an enclosed space, NOISE is simply an unwanted or damaging sound that interferes with what people are trying to do or sound, which has an adverse effect on health or safety. In order to be able to deal with the problems of noise in the Bode Akindele School of Management Technology Building, it would be paramount to carry out an analysis of the nature, causes and effects of the noise. These findings coupled with the knowledge of basic acoustics (the nature of sound and its physical properties.) will be of significant importance in solving the noise related problems in the building hence providing a more conducive environment for the users. 2.0 BODE AKINDELE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY BUILDING. DESCRIPTION: This building was constructed purposely to serve the school of management technology as the offices /conference room for the lecturers. it is located at obanla section of the university campus; encompassed and surrounded by different school buildings on all sides, the building consists of offices, entrance porch, security area, sit-out, lobby, court yard, conference room, stores and toilets. the external dimension of the building is around 29meters by 20meters and the height from ground floor level to ceiling level is around 2.8-3meters.it has main entrance and side entrances.the roof is in form of a simple gamble covered with parapet wall slab and some part covered with dampalon. 1

5 Fig1: SITE PLAN Fig2: PART OF FLOOR PLAN 2

6 Plate one: INTERIOR VIEW Plate two: FRONT ELEVATION 3

7 Plate three: LEFT SIDE ELEVATION 4

8 Plate four: RIGHT SIDE ELEVATION Plate five: REAR ELEVATION 5

9 3.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING COMPONENTS FINISHES For the purpose of this assessment, we will briefly describe the finishes of three major components of the building; the floor, wall and ceiling finishes. 3.1 THE FLOOR FINISHES Generally, the floor finishes used throughout the building was ceramic tiles, floor finishes of approximately 600 x 300mm size. 3.2 THE WALL FINISHES The walling materials used was hollow concrete block wall supported reinforced concrete column of considerable size. The walls are plastered with a cement plaster. Cement plaster is a mixture of cement and sand, usually mixed in ratio 1:3 or 1:4 which forms a very hard surface as its sets. The sand used for plastering should be clean, coarse and angular. Soft sand is always preferable. This was used to cover both external and internal surface of the walls. Then the external wall surface were covered with texcote paint to give extra protection against the penetration of moisture and to provide a decorative effect for the viewers. Also, the columns and the fins were finished with facing bricks of 300x 75mm size to provide a decorative effect for the viewers which also helps in reducing external noise such as road noise. 6

10 3.3 THE CEILING FINISHES:- Ceiling of some part of ground floor were made of screed of white emulsion or paint due to monolithic reinforced concrete slabs. While other parts were ceiled with acoustic fibre ceiling with dimension 600x 600mm. 7

11 4.0 ANALYSIS OF NOISE SOURCES The sources of noise have been identified and divided under two major divisions which are: 4.1 Internal Noise: Most internal noise are generated through human activities, which include: Verbal discussion in the offices/ seminar hall/ sit out. Occasional dragging of furniture(s) on the floor. Movement of students or lecturers in and out of the lobby. Noise from ceiling fans and air conditional. Noise from occasional knocking and opening of doors. 4.2 External Noise: The major constituents of external noise are; Background noise from human (students, lecturers) conversation and activities as they loiter on the lobbies and surroundings of the buildings. Vehicular noise from activities that cause engine noise, movement of the vehicles and hooting of horns from car parks Noise from activities from neighboring buildings like (conversation, generators etc.) Noise from climate feature such as noise caused by rainfall, wind noise, thunder. Noise from air conditional Unprecedented noise from student riots, games etc. 5.0 ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BUILDING 5.1 Background Noise: The dictionary describes background noise as noise that is sufficiency loud to be heard but not so loud as to obscure what is actually being listened to. There are various forms of background noises generated and a few of these are highlighted below with measurement of the sound level. 8

12 SOURCES Generator from neighboring building Air conditional Noise from near vehicular engines Noise from far vehicular engines Noise from loud conversation Noise from foots Noise from ceiling fans MEASUREMENT OF SOUND LEVEL /5SECS 86-85dbl 82-84dbl 74-82dbl 73-75dbl 95-96dbl 78-79dbl 67-68dbl The SMAT building was not properly provided with the necessary components that can help in successfully reducing the external or background noise from proliferating into the interior of the building. Hence these noise are still a major problem in the building as they have not been shielded or eliminated. 6.0 METHOD OF IMPROVING ACOUSTIC OF THE BUILDING 6.1 Proposal for reducing of internal noise Use of absorbent screens and surfaces Absorbent materials and surfaces are efficient in reducing noise ensuring from verbal discussions as well as any other internally generated noise that would have been aggravated by multiple reflections from walls. Here are some absorbents materials Porous absorbents {for high frequencies} Membrane absorbents {for low frequencies} Resonant absorbers {resonators} Perforated panel absorbents. The ceiling boards are acoustic ceiling tiles, which are good sound absorbing materials. Additional sound absorbing panels can be introduced in a narrow band along the upper side of the walls. Installation of carpet on the floor; Noise from impacts such as shifting furniture and footsteps are less reduced in carpet rooms as compared to rooms with hard floor finish. The only problem is high maintenance costs which must be balanced with acoustic benefits. 9

13 Furniture; provision of furniture that can absorb sound and reflect a considerable amount of sound would be preferred to the metal and wooden chairs in the offices. As this was only achieved in the SMAT conference room where the chairs are good sound in absorber and were bolted to the ground to avoid shifting. 6.2 Proposal for reducing external noise Though, the facing bricks used to finish the columns and fins of the external walls helps in reducing external noise, adding insulation helps further by absorbing resonating sound and also reduces noise transfer, and making sure they are sealed correctly and gaps filled in properly. Screening of building; The noise coming from the surroundings, walkways, car parks, generators can be screened off using a face, constructed to enclose the building especially from the car park. Use of closeable doors; All doors should be changed to a double glazed aluminum framed door provided with door closers and it must be ensured that they are closed after each entry or exist to disallow noise infiltration. The use of air conditioning system might also help in order to be able to close all doors and windows to ensure that sound reflection is kept within the hall. 7.0 CONCLUSION Acoustic is a very important aspects to be considered in architectural designs. Noise control should be of prime consideration in any academic or official environment. Apart from the spatial requirements, other factor such as construction materials, site selection, design and amplification systems are equally important.an audiologist and acoustical consultant should be included in the design of any facilities to aid satisfactory environment. This technical report has revealed some of the ways. This type of environment could be achieved. 10

14 REFERENCES Professor Olu Ola Ogunsote (Acoustic and Noise control lecture notes(2007) M.Mehta,J.Johnson,J.Rocafort, Architectural Acoustic:,principles and Designs Architecture 500level 2006/2007, Analysis of Acoustics of FUTA CCE Building Architecture 500level 2006/2007, Analysis of Acoustic of FUTA SEET Building 11