Partial Replacement of Bitumen by Using Plastic in Bitumen Concrete

Transcription

1 Volume 119 No , ISSN: (on-line version) url: ijpam.eu Partial Replacement of Bitumen by Using Plastic in Bitumen Concrete 1 K. Sandhiya, 2 L. Sanjay Kumar, 3 K.N. Rajkumar, 4 R. Sandhya and 5 S. Sukumar 1 Valliammai Engineering College, 2 Valliammai Engineering College, 3 Valliammai Engineering College, 4 Valliammai Engineering College, 5 Valliammai Engineering College, Abstract The various types of industries and rapid growth of population have led to enormous increase in waste pollution; one among the different types of pollution is plastic waste. Disposal of plastic waste is a serious problem due to its non-bio-degradability. The plastic waste when mixed with bitumen improves desired mechanical properties in particular road mix. In the construction of flexible pavement the binding material used is bitumen, the water resistivity, capacity, and stability is increased when, waste plastic is mixed with it, Plastic waste at different percentage in bitumen has to be check. Marshal stability test is considered to simulate with field conditions. Different percentages of bitumen and plastic have been taken in each sample of bitumen concrete. Test conducted on initial sample has given good result and proceeded for further investigation. The objective of this work is to suggest the optimum percentage of bitumen that can be replaced by plastic waste. 2913

2 1. Introduction Different waste produced from different industries is a great problem nowadays. These materials pose environmental pollution in the nearby locality because many of them are non-biodegradable. Natural material being exhaustible in nature. These quantities increase gradually and also cost of extracting good quality of nature material is increasing. Traditionally soil, stone aggregates, sand, bitumen, cement etc. are used for road construction. Alternative materials were expected by scientists for highway construction and one of which is residential waste products. If these materials can be suitably utilized in highway construction, the pollution and disposal problems may be partly reduced. Industrial waste used in road making Plastic is versatile material and a friend to common man becomes a problem to the environment after its use. The better binding characteristic of plastics in its molten state has assist in knowing out a method of safe disposal of waste plastics. India has to raise transportation system to a higher level both in terms of length and quality. This study represents the use of waste products in hot bituminous mixes to intensify pavement performance, protect environment and provide low cost roads. 2. Literature Review The concept of using waste plastic in bitumen concrete. Plastic has used a very important role in increasing the strength of bitumen as well as aggregate. The addition of waste plastic in bitumen improves the stability, strength, life and other desirable properties of bitumen concrete pavement. Similarly, that the waste plastic use in bitumen concrete blend is a better binder compared to plain bitumen. The concept of utilization of waste plastic in the construction of pavement has shown better resist to water which reduces the stripping of bitumen from aggregate and effective way to utilize the plastic waste. Aggregate is one of the most important materials used for bitumen concrete pavement construction. Properly selected graded aggregates are mixed with bitumen and waste plastic to form hot mix bitumen concrete pavements. Aggregates are the load supporting components of bitumen concrete pavement. According to size: coarse aggregate that generally retain on 10 mm sieve, aggregate are which pass through 12.5 mm sieve. According to size of The waste plastic pieces are passes through 4.75mm sieve and retaining at 2.36mm sieve was collected used in bitumen concrete is very well known as the binders in pavement construction. It is one of the major highway construction materials. 3. Experimental Program Experiments were conducted on cylindrical mold prepared by partial replacement of bitumen by using of waste plastic of practical size are passes through 4.75mm sieve and retaining at 2.36mm sieve was collected.bitumen are replaced by 5%,10%,15% and 20% of waste plastic and hot mix bitumen concrete design was prepared. Bitumen is taken 4.5% of total weight aggregate. 2914

3 Objective Basic intention is to efficiently utilize the waste plastic in constructive way so that it can be beneficial to society. Main objectives of current project work are: 1. The purpose of this project is to utilize this waste plastic as useful binding material, save the bitumen concrete road. 2. To coat the aggregates with the waste plastic materials. 3. To check the properties of bituminous mix specimen with coating of waste plastic materials and compare the properties of bituminous mix specimen with the properties of coated aggregates. 4. To find a suitable alternative over conventional material with cost reduction and improvement in strength and other parameters inflexible pavements. Scope of Study This study will be conducted to explore the idea about use of waste material in bituminous concrete with detailed laboratory Investigation will be carry out to find whether it is viable to use or not in terms of suitability, economically and environmentally. The present study will focus basically on these following points: 1. To study the basic physical and mechanical properties of waste plastic in order to contribute a better knowledge of its properties. 2. To study the effect on Marshall Stability of bituminous mix with the addition of waste plastic. 3. To reduce the bitumen content by the addition of Waste plastic in bituminous mix. The laboratory investigations on the bituminous mix have been carried out as per the Indian Standards used for the road construction. The field application is out of the scope of work. Material used Bitumen The bitumen used for the present work is 60/70 penetration grade and has been widely used for paving application; it is used as binder in present work given in Table 1. The bitumen is melted in All tests conducted on bitumen were in accordance with procedure laid down in I.S. The basic test properties conducted on bitumen and modified bitumen indicates that the re-placement of bitumen by waste plastic decrease the penetration and ductility value, whereas increase in softening point and specific gravity value, when about 4.5% weight of bitumen. 2915

4 Table 1: Physical properties of bitumen PROPERTIES BITUMEN GRADE 60/70 PENETRATION 63 SOFTENING POINT 62 C DUCTILITY 64.5mm Aggregate Aggregate forming the main skeleton of pavement should be tested against their suitability as a pavement construction material with reference to MORTH. Number of tests were carried out on aggregate the results obtained are shown in Table 2. Table 2: Physical properties of aggregates used Plastic PROPERTIE S OBSERVATI ON SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2% 2% MORTH specification IMPACT VALUE 21.78% MAX 25% CRUSHING STRENGTH 4.75% MAX 45% ABRASION STRENGTH 11.4% MAX 30% The plastic waste has been taken as polyethylene waste in different percentage such as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Thus, the waste plastic can easily be mix with the bitumen as the process for road construction using bitumen is heat in the range of C. By using of waste plastic of practical size are passes through 4.75mm sieve and retaining at 2.36mm sieve. Fig no.1 Plastic Sample 2916

5 Fig no.2 Marshall Stability Test Fig no.3 Sample mould containing bitumen and plastic 4. Mix Design and Experimental Work The aggregate taken in use has been passed through 12.5 mm sieve and were retained on 10 mm sieve. The aggregate has been heated in a pan for 20 min so that moisture and dust get removed. Bitumen test were performed and grade of bitumen was observed as 60/70. The bitumen was heated in a pan until It melts and then the calculated amount of plastic was added. It is stirred for 1 min. To the melted mixture of bitumen and plastic heated aggregate added until it get uniform color throughout. it is taken out and putted in a mold of diameter and height in three layer, 75 blows were given after each layer. The sample is taken out from the mold after 4 hours. and left for a duration of 24 hours. the sample is putted in hot water bath of temperature of and marshal stability test was on these sample,the reading of each sample has been noted and compared with the standard reading of bitumen concrete Table 3: Tabulation of sample taken. Sample No. Sample name Bitumen and plastic% Bitumen content (gm) Plastic Content (gm) 1 Normal P P P P

6 Normal - sample mould without plastic P1 - sample mould with plastic 5% P2 - sample mould with plastic 10% P3 - sample mould with plastic 15% P4 - sample mould with plastic 20% Table4: Observation for the Marshall stability. Y-Values X - Axis is percentage of plastic added Y - Axis is stability of mould prepared Fig.no 4 Result of Marshall Stability test The graph results shows the higher percentage of plastic (more than 15%) results in lesser compatibility with bitumen and lesser bonding resulting in lesser marshall stability value. 5. Conclusion The result shows that with increase of waste plastic in bitumen increases the properties of aggregate and bitumen. Using of waste plastic in flexible pavements shows good result when compared with conventional flexible pavements. The optimum use of plastic can be 10% and 15% of bitumen based on Marshal Stability test. 2918

7 This has added more value in minimizing the disposal of plastic waste is the eco-friendly technique. References Fig no.5 plastic road [1] Mercy Joseph Poweth, Solly George, Jessy Paul, Study on use of plastic waste in road (International conference on quality Up-gradation in Engineering, Science and Technology). [2] SavitaDevi(2016) partial replacement of bitumen by using plastic waste in bitumen concrete volume 3 Issue 7 - July [3] IRC: SP: Guideline for the Use of Waste Plastic in Hot Bituminous Mixes (Dry Process) in Wearing Courses. Indian Road Congress [4] IS: 2386 (part 4) for impact test, crushing strength test, los angels abrasion test, on aggregate. [5] IS: 2386 (part 3) for water absorption test on aggregate. [6] IS: for penetration test on bitumen grade 60/70. [7] IS: for softening point test on bitumen grade 60/70. [8] IS: for ductility test on bitumen grade 60/

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