MOROCCAN WATER STRATEGY

Transcription

1 MOROCCAN WATER STRATEGY

2 CONTENT Climate & water resources in Morocco Major achievements Major challenges Moroccan water strategy Water information system Benefits of earth observation in the water sector

3 rainfall Climate & water resources Surface water Potential of natural water Resources 22 Billion CM/Year 18 Billion CM/Year Surface water 4 Billion CM/Year Groundwater

4 Major achievements

5 Mobilization of water resources 13 large dams with a total capacity of nearly 17 billion CM Thousands of boreholes and wells 13 systems of water transfer: 11 km and 21 m3 / s Drinking water Urbain : Widespread Access with a 92% of individual connection to the network ; Rural : Access rate 85% in 29. 5

6 Irrigation Development of large-scale irrigation. The irrigated area is currently around 1.5 million hectares of which two thirds are equipped by the government Hydroelectic energy Installed capacity 27 MW & 1 % of national production ( 1% of total production ) 6

7 Water Law 1-95 Institutional: Decentralization and deconcentration Institutionalization of the Supreme Council for Water and Climate Creation of river-basins agencies throughout the national territory Creation of provincial and prefectural committees of the Water Planning National Plan for Water Plan on Integrated Management of Water Resources at the regional level Protection: Quantity: perimeter of protection and prohibition of groundwater Quality: protection against pollution Financial: Introduction of the principle sampler-pays and polluter-pays 7

8 Problems & major challenges

9 Limited potentiel of water resources with increasing demand 196 : 256 m 3 per capita per year 28 : 73 m 3 per capita per year 22 : 52 m 3 per capita per year Overuse of groundwater resources ; Significant decrease in piezometric levels Water resources pollution ; 6 Mm3 of Domestic Wastewater discharged untreated (treatment rate <15%) Groundwater pollution by pesticides and nitrates Soil erosion and dams siltation ; 23 million hectares affected by erosion Loss dams siltation : 7 MCM/year Frequent drought More than 2 periods of drought have been experienced in the last 35 years. An important reduction in rainfall ( 6%)

10 Frequent flooding Mohamadia en 22 Gharb 29/21 Ourika en 1995 Tétouan en 2 Merzouga en 26 1 Dar Driouch 28

11 MOROCCAN WATER STRATEGY

12 STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES & GUIDELINES Consolidate the achievements ; Better overcome the challenges ; Serve the economic development ; A radical change in our behaviors (use and management of water) ; Use new technology like non-conventional water resources 12

13 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WATER SECTOR Water demand management and valorization of water resources preservation and protection of water resources, natural habitats and fragile areas 5 Continuation of the legislative and institutional reforms Management and development of water offer MOROCCAN WATER STRATEGY 4 Reduce vulnerability to natural water risk and adaptation to climate change upgrading information systems and capacity building and skills 6

14 1- water demand management and valorization of water resources Water-saving in Irrigation Massive conversion to local irrigation: potential to save 2 billion m3 per year (4 Ha per year) Improvement of the efficiency of water supply system networks in the irrigated areas: potential to save 4 million m3 per year Saving in drinking, Industrial & Tourism water Improvement of the efficiency of urban water supply networks: potential to save 12 million m3 per year Incentive to use technology to save water Revision of the tariff system

15 Mobilization of conventional water : 2.5 billions m3 / year Construction of 3 larges dams per year (more than 1,7 additional Bn m³ mobilized in the long term ) Strenghting of the small dams program for local development North-south water transfer programs : 8 MCM/YEAR Mobilization of non-conventional water Desalination and demineralization programs: 4 MCM/Y Wastewater treatment and re-use programs: 3 MCM/Y Collecting rainwater 15

16 Safeguard and reconstitution of the groundwater Limiting pumping of groundwater, Reinforcing the control system (water police), Introduction of Safeguard perimeters... Protect water resources against pollution Implementation of the national program of sanitation and wastewater treatment and solid waste program : access rate to sanitation from 9% in 23 National Program for Prevention and struggle against industrial pollution Safeguard watersheds side hill basins, humid zones and oases Protection of watersheds upstream of the dam against erosion Program for the Protection of sources Program of humid zones and naturel lakes protection Preservation of Oasis and fight against desertification

17 Improve protection against flood Complete the actions set out in the National Plan for Protection against Floods: 2 sites to be protected by year Integration of flood risk in urban planning and Land Management; Implement an alert system in case of flooding Implement a proactive plans to mitigate drought Implementation of structural measures and emergency plans and management of impacts Establishment of financial mechanisms to support.

18 Completing the legal framework necessary for the implementation of all provisions of water Law N 1-95 Proofreading of the Water Law and its implementing legislation in order to enrich and adapt them after 15 years of field application

19 Applied Scientific Research Modernization of measures networks Modernization of Administration and Development Skills

20 Actions affecting the demand and the offer Water demand management : potential to save 2.5 billions m3/year Actions affecting the offer : 2.5 billions m3/year additional water resources Other impact: More responsible use of water resources through a change in consumption habits. Valorization of water now lost at sea and replenishment of groundwater. Securing water supply in urban areas and widespread access to drinking water in rural areas. Decrease pollution in urban areas and improve access to sanitation in urban and rural areas. 2

21 Water information system

22 Architecture of the National network of Measurement MEASURING NETWORKS USE DATABANK Studies dams Raw data files: Network of hydrometric stations Network of periodic points Counting, Treatement and data development Files Data compiled : Besoins industriels Studies of structures UTILISATION Network of meteorological stations -level water - gauging, -- rainfall, - concentration of suspended solids Industry Alimentation en eau eequirements potable -- Instantaneous flow, - Daily average flows, --homogenized Rainfall Water Supply Flood warning network Studies sanitation Irrigated farming

23 NATIONAL HYDROLOGICAL NETWORK Current membership of the network of measurement: 268 hydrometric stations 71 Periodic points of gauging 188 posts flood warning

24 the flood warning network consists of 188 transmitters receivers as follows 1 posts Directors 177 Primary substations located at dams and hydrological stations data processing establishment of the situation Deductions Management Volume (Mm3) Areas vulnerable to flooding OUED EL MAKHAZINE A MDOUAR Crue du 13 au 25/12/ Débit (m3/s) 1 main station located at the main DGH Rabat responsible for: collecting information Treatment formulating guidelines for the management of dams assessment of flood risk Heure Protection dam construction

25 NETWORK MODERNIZATION EFFORTS * Rehabilitation and maintenance of hydrological stations * Automation of data acquisition Mobile Units Coders for gauges Automatic rain gauges

26 PROJECTS DRIVERS OF HYDROLOGICAL TELEMETRY Project of Ourika Project SWIM (Bassin du Souss-Massa) Project of Martil Project underway * Hydrological telemetry in the basin of Bouregreg Radar sensor of water level

27 Benefits of Earth observation

28 Flood monitoring: Detection of floodplains Understand the land: Land cover and urbanization Get Information and data in areas difficult to access: particularly in mountainous areas where it is difficult to set up observation posts and observers Anticipating the management of water in the event of inclement weather for an optimal management of dams. Assessment of water erosion: the vulnerability of dams at siltation.

29 Thank you for your attention