Sustainable Urban Transport Index for Asian Cities

Transcription

1 11th Regional EST Forum in Asia 2-5 October 2018, Ulaanbaatar Sustainable Urban Transport Index for Asian Cities Madan B. Regmi, DEng Transport Division UNESCAP, Bangkok 1

2 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

3 Sustainable Development Goals & Transport q Target 11.2: By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons q New Urban Agenda: q Promote access for all-safe, affordable, sustainable urban mobility q TOD q Develop Comprehensive Mobility Plan q Develop mechanisms and frameworks q Greater coordination of implementation 3

4 Sustainable Urban Transport Index o To measure urban transport and progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Asian cities o To help summarize, compare and track the performance of urban transport in cities o To facilitate discussion to develop plans and policies to improve urban transport o Simple Approach: o Not too many indicators o o Not complex calculations, Simple, based on existing methodology, policies 4

5 Framework, Foundation & Dimensions Framework Sustainable Development Sustainable Mobility Paradigm SDG Targets Relevance for Urban Transport Dimensions Economic Dimension impacts Social Dimension impacts Environment Dimension impacts Avoid strategy Shift strategy Improve strategy 3.6 Deaths and injuries from road traffic 9.1 Quality, reliable, sustainable, resilient infrastructure 11.2 Access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, 11.6 Adverse environmental impact including air quality 7.3 Improving energy efficiency 13.2 Integrate climate change measures 5

6 Most important references Extensive literature review of indicators 6

7 Identification of potential indicators o 420 individual urban transport indicators identified o Reduced to a shortlist of 20 most relevant indicators o Subjectively scored using two sets of criteria n Relevance for Sustainable Transport framework n Methodological quality o Resulting list of 10 indicators in four domains : n Transport system, Social, Economic & Environmental domain n Reviewed & agreed at two UNESCAP meetings: n Expert Group Meeting, Kathmandu, September 2016 n Regional Meeting, Jakarta, March

8 10 SUTI Indicators No 1 2 Indicators Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Modal share of active and public transport in commuting 3 Convenient access to public transport service Measurement Range Weights units MIN MAX 0-16 scale Trips/mode share % of population Public transport quality and reliability % satisfied Traffic fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants No of fatalities Affordability travel costs as part of income % of income Operational costs of the public transport system 8 Investment in public transportation systems Cost recovery ratio % of total investment Air quality (pm10) μg/m Greenhouse gas emissions from transport CO2 Eq. Tons SUM

9 All 10 indicators are described with 9

10 Normalization & SUTI Calculation Linear Normalization of indicators scale Where i1 i10 are the indicators Geometric mean method chosen (similar to HDI) Equal weight to each SUTI indicator is applied 10

11 SUTI-Publication, Data Collection Guideline & Excel Calculation Sheet Monograph Series- Assessment of Urban Transport Systems Data Collection Guideline and Excel Sheet 11

12 SUTI Guidelines and Excel sheet Support to SUTI application in cities Ensure consistency of SUTI calculation Allow comparability across cities Provide a common approach to: Identify and document data for SUTI Operate and calculate data Calculate SUTI and Present results Data for each indicator entered in SUTI data sheet Automatic normalization, calculation of SUTI, and creation of spider diagram 12

13 SUTI Excel Sheet 13

14 Data entry and normalization 14

15 SUTI spider diagram 15

16 Spider diagram Single city Multiple City Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal 100,00 80,00 60,00 40,00 20,00 Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Investment in public transportation systems Operational costs of the public transport system 0,00 Affordability travel costs as part of income Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Public transport quality and reliability Investment in public transportation systems Operational costs of the public transport system Affordability travel costs as part of income Traffic fatalities per inhabitants 16 Public transport quality and reliability

17 SUTI Pilot Application Kathmandu Valley 2.8 mill. Inh. 722 km2 3,878 inh./km2 Jakarta JABODETABEK 30.1 mill. Inh. 6,767 km2 4,448 inh./km2 Hanoi City 7,7 mill. Inh. 3,359 km2 2,292 inh./km2 Colombo Western Region 5.8 mill. inh. 3,684 km2 1,774 inh./km2 Images: Henrik Gudmundsson

18 Actual values Normalized values No Indicators Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Jakarta Hanoi Kathmand u Colombo Jakarta Hanoi Kathma ndu Colomb Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Public transport quality and reliability Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Affordability travel costs as part of income Operational costs of the public transport system Investment in public transportation systems o 9 Air quality (pm10) Greenhouse gas emissions from transport

19 Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Investment in public transportation systems Operational costs of the public transport system Greater Jakarta Extent to which transport plans cover facilities for 100,00 80,00 60,00 40,00 20,00 0,00 Affordability travel costs as part of income Modal share of active and public transport in Convenient access to public transport service User satisfaction with public transport service Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Greenhouse gas Air quality (pm2.5) Investment in public 100,00 80,00 60,00 40,00 20,00 0,00 Extent to which Operational costs of the Affordability travel costs Modal share of active Convenient access to Public transport Traffic fatalities 19

20 Jakarta Hanoi Kathmandu Colombo 10. Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Av Air quality (pm10) 1. Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 2. Modal share of active and public transport in commuting 3. Convenient access to public transport service 8. Investment in public transportation systems 4. Public transport quality and reliability Av Operational costs of the public transport system General higher performance Av Affordability travel costs as part of income Av Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Av General lower performance

21 Result of SUTI Analysis Jakarta 52.5 Kathmandu 47.8 Colombo Hanoi

22 Bandung Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 Geometric mean: Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Dhaka Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure fo r active mo des 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 Geometric mean: Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Investment in public transportation systems Public transport quality and reliability Investment in public transportation systems Public transport quality and reliability Operational costs of the public transport system Affordability travel costs as part of income Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Operational costs of the public transport system Affordability travel costs as part of income Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Ho Chi Minh Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Investment in public transportation systems Operational costs of the public transport system Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 Affordability travel costs as part of income Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Public transport quality and reliability Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Geometric mean: Surabaya Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Investment in public transportation systems Operational costs of the public transport system Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 Affordability travel costs as part of income Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Public transport quality and reliability Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Geometric mean:

23 Surat Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Air quality (pm10) Investment in public transportation systems Operational costs of the public transport system Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 Geometric mean: Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Public transport quality and reliability Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Surat Dhaka Bandung Surabaya Ho Chi Minh Affordability travel costs as part of income Workshop on Urban Mobility and Sustainable Urban Transport Index, September 2018, Dhaka 23

24 SUTI Next Steps o o o o o o o o o SUTI can help assess performance of cities across ten key indicators and compare with peers cities Support refining policies and strategies to improve urban mobility 9 cities delivered all 10 SUTI indicators and index Draw implication for urban transport planning Follow-up on SUTI result & track progress (every 2 year) Data collection, availability and standardization Voluntary National Review (VNR) at HLPF, New York UNESCAP ready to collaborate- collaborating partners Further interest from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Islamic Republic of Iran 24

25 5 th Session of the Committee on Transport, November 2018, Bangkok 25