Main Assignments: Main Concepts of Biology Brain Dump; Lab Safety Pre-Quiz; Safety & Variables Lab

Transcription

1 Date: Unit 1: Classroom Expectations & Lab Safety Demonstrate safe practices during laboratory field investigations. Describe why lab safety is important. Demonstrate proper use of standard laboratory equipment. Main Assignments: Main Concepts of Biology Brain Dump; Lab Safety Pre-Quiz; Safety & Variables Lab Explain the purpose of SDS (safety data sheets). SDS sheets provide information about all chemicals used in the lab and treatment for contact with chemicals. Describe where the SDS located in the classroom. Above the goggle cabinet. Describe the purpose of the eyewash and safety shower. When would these be necessary to use? Eyewash is for flushing chemicals out of the eyes, and a safety shower is for flushing chemicals off a large area of the body.

2 Date: Unit 1: Lab Safety, Scientific Method & Variables Plan and implement scientific investigations. Create testable hypotheses using the If, then format. Identify, describe and provide examples of independent, dependent and controlled variables. Main Assignments: Scientific Method Lab & Partner Lab Report Explain the importance of writing a hypothesis that is testable. Testable hypotheses are useful in order to replicate the experiment. Explain the difference between the independent and dependent variables. Independent - manipulated or changed by the experimenter Dependent - responding variable that is measured for the results Explain the importance of having only one manipulated variable during an investigation. One independent variable must be tested at one time to determine if the independent variable can cause a response in the dependent variable. Explain at least one proper lab safety precaution and why it is important. Answers vary

3 Date: Unit 1: Biochemistry Basics & Biomolecules Describe, compare and contrast the elements and chemical structure of monomers and polymers. Compare and contrast characteristics of organic molecules using a Venn Diagram Identify common sources of each biomolecule. Sketch the structure of each biomolecule. Main Assignments: Biomolecules Webquest; Biomolecule Venn Diagram Identify the elements found in each of the 4 polymers. Carbohydrates - CHO Lipids - CHO Proteins - CHON Nucleic Acids - CHONP Describe the function of each polymer. Carbohydrates - main source of usable energy Lipid - long term storage of energy; insulation of organs; waterproofing cell membrane Proteins - controls chemical reactions; structure and function Nucleic Acids - genetic information Explain why carbon is the essential building block of life. Carbon is found in every biomolecule. Explain why biomolecules are important to all living things. Every organism contains organic molecules to perform all functions. How are the monomers of each molecule used by organisms? Carbohydrates are used for quick energy; Lipids are for energy storage in body fat; Proteins build structures; Nucleic Acids carry genetic information

4 Date: Unit 1: Investigating the presence of Biomolecules Describe how a chemical indicator works. Analyze common substances to identify specific polymers. Analyze the methods and indicators used to identify nutrients in foods. Present and discuss data using a lab report. Explain the importance of each biomolecule. Main Assignments: Biomolecule Indicator Lab & Lab Report (Partner or Individual) Identify the specific indicators for each biomolecule and how they react. Provide specific evidence of a positive and negative reaction. Complex carbohydrates - Lugol s Iodine (positive - black and opaque) Simple carbohydrates - Benedict s (positive - orange and opaque) Proteins - Biuret (positive - purple and clear) Lipids - paper bag test (transparent and greasy) Explain the relationship between proteins and nucleic acids. Proteins and nucleic acids are related because nucleic acids provide the information for proteins to be produced through protein synthesis. Proteins and Nucleic Acids also share the elements CHON.

5 Date: Unit 1: Enzymes (9C) Describe how enzymes function. Explain the relationship between enzymes and activation energy. Demonstrate how a substrate binds to an enzyme. Identify parts of an enzyme-substrate complex. Interpret and explain the enzyme rate of reaction diagram. Use a model of the enzyme-substrate complex with an inhibitor and explain how it works to impede producing a product. 1. Describe the role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy (decreasing energy needed for the reaction to occur). Enzymes break down substrates or put together reactants to create a new product. Enzymes remain unchanged in a reaction. 2. How does ph and temperature affect the activity of an enzymatic reaction? Enzymes have a specific temperature and ph that will allow for maximum enzyme activity. Too high temperatures and too high ph levels can cause denaturing (breaking down) of an enzyme. 3. Provide an example of denaturing. Cooking an egg - the heat breaks down the proteins to turn it a different color (clear white) 4. Explain the importance of enzymes in metabolism (digestive system). Enzymes are found in the mouth, stomach, and intestines, and specific enzymes break down specific biomolecules into monomers that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. 5. Explain how the enzyme-substrate complex works to make a product. The enzyme s active site will change shape slightly to fit the substrate, then perform the chemical reaction (dehydration synthesis or hydrolysis) to break down or make a new product. 6. Define the term inhibitor and give an example. An inhibitor prevents the enzyme from breaking down the substrate, and it prevents the chemical reaction from occurring. Main Assignments : Enzymes Hyperdoc & Review Activities