Latest Energy Situation in Japan

Transcription

1 IEA PVPS Task 14 Workshop Country Report Latest Energy Situation in Japan May 8, 2012 SMA Solar Technology AG, Sonnenallee 1, Germany Kazuhiko OGIMOTO Center of Energy Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo

2 Contents 1. Energy Status and overview of utilities 2. Efforts of utilities on PV 3. Revision of Basic Energy Plan and Related Studies 4. R&D Activities 2

3 Energy Status of Japan 3

4 Trends of Installed capacity of PV System 4

5 Trends of Installed capacity of PV System 5

6 10 Utility Companies in Japan PV System 6

7 Efforts of utilities on PV 7

8 Feed-in Tariff for Surplus PV power 8

9 Current program (Net-export FiT) and new FIT 9

10 Discussion on tariff and term in the committee 10

11 Introduction of PV Power Plant: Plans of Large Scale PV 11

12 MW Scale PV Power Plants Introduce by Utilities 12

13 Promotion of 100% Electrification + Customer Side PV 13

14 Verification of Grid Stabilization 14

15 NEDO Miyako Islands Mega Solar Demonstration Project 15

16 Smart Community : Concept of Kei-hanna Eco City Demonstration 16

17 Revision of Energy Basic Plan 17

18 All the Nuclear Units are Stopped in Japan 18

19 Options for Generation Supply in 2030 discussed in the Basic Problem Committee 19

20 Sequence of Events Up to the Present and Procedures for the Future Source: METI 20

21 Demand-Supply Verification Committee The committee, run by The National Policy Unit (NPU) which reports directly to the prime minister, verified the demand-supply balance of Japan s 9 power systems in which all the nuclear plants are stopped due to the nuclear failure in the Great East Japan Earthquake and the following tsunami. The Various countermeasures including Energy Efficiency, demand curtailment, demand response, cooperation of demand sector, restart of old generators, utilization of interconnections were verified quantitatively. The final report was published in the May, (GW) 30 Demand-Supply Balance including Pumped Storage (Kansai System) Report of the Demand-Supply Verification Committee 21

22 Cost Verification Committee:Generation cost The committee is run by The National Policy Unit (NPU) which reports directly to the prime minister. The generation cost of various generation technology including nuclear, coal, LNG, oil, wind, PV, geo, biomas, CHP are analyzed for 2010, 2020 and The methodology and the data are published on a web. Report of the Cost Verification Committee 22

23 Cost Verification Committee: RES Potential and recoverable resource The committee studied not only the cost but also the RE resource potential, economically feasible deployment. Report of the Cost Verification Committee 23

24 The interim report of the Interconnections Reinforcements Master Plan Hokkaido Honshu (600MW) Hokkaido P. Co. Area MW MW Note 1) The figures in ( ) are the heat capacity of interconnections 機密性 2 The committee reported the basic plan of prioritized transmission system reinforcements, from the viewpoints of energy security and acceleration of RE generation deployment as follows: <50Hz/60Hz Interconnection> Additional 900MW ( the total of 2100MW) will be targeted by Further 900 MW expansion will be targeted as early as possible. <Hokkaido-Honshu Interconnection > Existing expansion (from 600MW to 900MW) will be completed as early as possible. The further expansion will be studied In relation to the wind deployment in Hokkaido Island and related reinforcement of transmission lines within the area. <Reinforcement of Soma-Futaba Interconnection The reinforcement plan will be studies in relation of the wind deployment in the northern area and reinforcement of Hokkaido-Honshu interconnection. <Other interconnections> he study will be continued including flexible interconnection operation in case of emergency. Kyushu P. Co. Area MW MW Chugoku P. Co. Area 万 kw 万 kw Chugoku- Kyushu (5560 MW) Shikoku- Chugoku (2400 MW) Shikoku P. Co. Area MW MW Hokuriku P. Co. Area MW MW Kansai - Chugoku (16660 MW ) Kansai- Shikoku (1400 MW) Hokuriku- Kansai (5560MW) Chubu- Kansai ( 5560MW) Chubu- Hokuriku (300MW) Kansai P. Co. Area MW MW Tokyo-Chubu (1035 MW) Shin-Shinano FC (600MW) Sakuma FC (300MW) E Shimizu FC (135 MW) Chubu P. Co. Area MW MW Tohoku P. Co. Area MW MW Tohoku - Tokyo (15520 MW) Tokyo P. Co. Area MW MW <Local T/L system> The political assistances measures will be discussed for the prioritized area for wind deployment. 2) The figures for each control area are peak loads in 2010 and

25 Transmission Expansion for Wind Deployment 機密性 2 In Japan, the wind resources (on shore) are rich in limited areas such as Hokkaido and Tohoku in the northern area. In these areas, due to the lack of transmission system, the wind deployment is constrained. In 2011, there was a total of wind integration application of1870 MW in Tohoku area and 3240 MW in Hokkaido area, respectively. The cost of transmission system including interconnections were calculated as follows: Additional Wind Deployment Hokkaido (Wind and M solar) Tohoku (Wind) Total 2700 MW 3200 MW 5900 MW Regional Transmission Lines 2,00 B yen 70 B yen 270 B yen Interconnections 500 B yen B yen 900 B yen Total 700 B yen 470 B yen 1170 B yen [approx.10yen/kwh] Reinforcement of the transmission system should be planned in parallel with the increased flexibility of existing generation, curtailment RE generation, batteries and other countermeasures.

26 5. Demonstration tests Smart Grid Demonstration Test by Power Utilities ( ) The project, National Project on Optimal Control and Demonstration of the Japanese Smart Grid for Massive Integration of Photovoltaic Systems, consisting of 4 groups of distribution system control, a new inverter, home energy management, and centralized energy management of a system level, deals with issues associated with mass penetration of photovoltaic power generation systems. Establishment of new home appliance technology applicable to the world use 26

27 Smart Grid Demonstration Test by Power Utilities ( ) Power (W) The project, National Project on Optimal Control and Demonstration of the Japanese Smart Grid for Massive Integration of Photovoltaic Systems, consisting of 4 groups of distribution system control, a new inverter, home energy management, and centralized energy management of a system level, deals with issues associated with mass penetration of photovoltaic power generation systems. HEMS group, located in a laboratory area of the University of Tokyo, takes charge of development of methodology for optimum control of customer s Weather equipments according to Display information Display demand-supply balance of a whole utility grid with a Analysis (Other sites) (Handy terminal) DB large amount of PV. DATA server DB Internet Energy Management Server PV/Appliances Optimum Control System Mobile phone network Display Suppressed electricity Output of PV system without suppression Electricity consumed by water Actual heater output of Distribution panel board adapter Smart Interface Mobile phone adapter network PCS Calendar PCS Maximum permitted output of PV system PV system Eco-cute PV EV 時刻 time 27

28 NEDO PV Generation Forecast Research Project ( ) MW 水力石油太陽光 LNG ベース電源電力需要 ベース電源 水力 太陽光発電 LNG 石油 時刻 Specivication of Prediction (Aggregated) Specification Of Prediction (Point) Aggregated Generation in a control area Generation (Point) 積み上げ ( 可観測 ) サンプリング推定 発電量変換 発電量変換 Tilt Irradiance スペクトル予測 直散日射量予測 局所予測 Global Horizontal Irradiance (Point) 出典 :JMA Parameter of Irradiance, cloud and temperature Global Horizontal Irradiance (Point) Aggregate 28

29 METI PV Forecast Demonstration Project ( ) The project, cooperated by all Japanese power utilities, aims to establish early PV forecast technology involvement into all the utilities power system operation. 事務局 Tokyo EPCO Chubu EPCO Project Leader The University of Tokyo 10 Power Companies 312 Points Irradiation data and etc. 1 Japan Weather Association 日射量推定 日射量予測 とりまとめ CRIEPI 日射量推定 日射量予測 PV 出力推定 CTC 日射量推定 日射量予測 PV 出力変換 Hitachi 日射量からの PV 出力推定 Mitsubishi センサデータからの PV 出力推定 Solar Frontier 日射量からの PV 出力推定 PV generation Estimation PV generation prediction technology CRIEPI Cen 電力中央研究所 CTC:Ito Chu Techno-Solutions 29

30 3. Demand Activation Upcoming HEMS/BEMS to keep demand/supply balance under the critical condition in Japan Kazuhiko Ogimoto*, Yumiko Iwafune, Kataoka Kazuto,Takashi Ikegami, Yoshie Yagita: Cooperation Model of Centralized and Decentralized Energy Management for the Supply-Demand Adjustment in a Power System, IEEJ Power and Energy Society Conference, 8-16, (2011) 30

31 Summary Utilities efforts on PV in Japan - Support PV under regulatory framework - Plans to install total 140 MW of PV power plants - Promote customer side PV systems - Conducts demonstration projects on grid issues Utilities facing power shortage issues after March 11 th The government is reviewing New Energy Master Plan New FiT will be start in July 2012, growth of the PV market is expected Under the urgent need for power system adaptation, R&D of new technologies are accelerated. Adapted from : 31

32 Thank you for your attention. Ogimoto Laboratory, Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo In, related contents are available in English and Japanese.. 日経 BP 社 ECO マネジメン で 低炭素型エネルギーシステムの将来像 を連載しました 最終回の 第 12 回持続可能な世界を目指すこれからのエネルギー計画 までを公開中です The description of 1. Impact of Scenario Selection is available in this book which is just published July, 2012.