Lessons from experience with Integrating environmental concerns into Strategies and plans in Myanmar

Transcription

1 Lower Mekong Initiative Environment and Water Pillar Training Program workshop on Strategic Environmental Assessment Bangkok, May, 2016 Lessons from experience with Integrating environmental concerns into Strategies and plans in Myanmar Myanmar Delegates Daw Aye Sanda Lwin (Ministry of Planning and Finance) U Maung Maung Lwin (Ministry of Planning and Finance) Daw Win Win Kyu (Ministry of Electricity and Energy ) U Sa Aung Thu (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation) Daw Khaing Thandar (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation)

2 Presentation Outlines Country profile Environmental Policy Guidelines National Development Plan National Sustainable Development Strategy Institutions for Environmental Safeguards Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy Mainstreaming & Challenges Way Forward SEA initiatives in Myanmar

3 Country profile " Tropical monsoon climate " 2229 km Coastal line

4 Environmental Policy Guidelines

5 National Environmental Policy (1994) v Environmental protection is should always be the primary objective in seeking development v To achieve harmony and balance between socio-economic, natural resources and environment through the integration of environmental considerations into the development process enhancing the quality of the life of all its citizens.

6 Environmental Policy Guidance : Environmental conservation v To lay down new policy for economic development in parallel with environmental conservation v To review and amend laws and enact new laws on environmental conservation v To conserve forests and biodiversity v To reduce Air and water pollution v To control of Industrial waste v To extend Renewable energy v To mobilize participation of people and social organizations

7 Investment on Policy Guidelines by Myanmar Investment Commission-MIC To lay down new policy for economic development in parallel with environmental conservation To protect our Nationals Interests To protect Natural Environme nt To safeguard our Nation s Dignity To protect National Sovereignty

8 National Development Plan

9 National Development Plan Annual Plan Short Term Five Year Plan National Comprehensive Development Plan- NCDP (Long Term Plan) Formulating by; Planning Department, Ministry of planning and Finance

10 NCDP Strategy Map Strategic Goal Myanmar 2030 A Prosperous Nation Integrated into The Global Community Strategic Goal Strategic Thrusts Long Tern Goal 1 Build a growing diversified and Sustainable economy Create enabling business Environment and strong Enterprise base Expand domestic and Global connectivity and Economic integration Foster internationally Competitive sectors Strengthen Governance And Public Institution Long Tern Goal 2 Ensure that inclusive growth and development is people centered Develop local economic potential Promote human development & reduce poverty Conserve and protect the resource base environment Principle Nation Building Peace and Stability, National Unity, Security, Independence and Sovereignty

11 National Plan for Rural development and Poverty alleviation (sixth pillar of NCDP road Map) Agriculture Livestock, Breeding and Fishery Cottage Industry NP for RD and PA Micro saving and Credit Rural Cooperative task Rural Socio economic Rural Energy Environmental Conservation

12 Conserve and protect the resource base environment (last pillar of NCDP road Map) Sustainable Environmental Management Responsible Investments Resilience to Climate Change Mitigating Environmental Health Risks Land Use and Land Ownership

13 Key Messages of Strategic Goals beyond 2030 The NCDP provide the framework to build an inclusive economy of US $180 Billion by 2030 Improves citizen well being and economic power, establishing a growth target of US$ 3000 percapital Source: Ministry of Planning and Finance Provides an indicative accumulative investment requirement of US $520 billion (2010 to2030) Set out an ambitious program to systematically increase public investment into the social fabric to align between 6% to7% of GDP by 2030

14 National Sustainable Development Strategy

15 NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY-NSDS (2009-Aug) Myanmar's NSDS vision is "Wellbeing and Happiness for Myanmar People". Three goals identified are: - Sustainable management of natural resources; - Integrated economic development; Environmen tal Social sustainable viable economic and - Sustainable social development.

16 Vision of Myanmar NSDS Wellbeing and Happiness for Myanmar People 3 Goals Sustainable Management of Natural Resources Integrated Economic Development Sustainable Social Development Environmental Issues (11 areas) Economic Issues (9 areas) Social Issues (6 areas) Environmental Perspective (42 Indicators) The Way Forward Economic Perspective (62 Indicators) Social Perspective (24 indicators)

17 GOAL 1: Sustainable Management of Natural Resources GOAL 1: (Environmental Issues 11 Areas) 1. Sustainable Forest Resources Management 2. Biodiversity Conservation 3. Sustainable Freshwater Resources Management 4. Environmental Quality Management and Enhancement 5. Sustainable Management of Land Resources 6. Sustainable Management of Coastal, Marine and Island Ecosystems 7. Sustainable Management of Eco-Tourism 8. Sustainable Management for Mineral Resource Utilization 9. Sustainable Management of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries 10. Sustainable Energy Production and Consumption 11. Sustainable Industrial, Transport and Communication Development

18 Goal 2: Sustainable Economic Development GOAL 2: Economic Issues 9 Areas 1. Reasonable Macroeconomic Performance 2. Sustainable Agricultural Development 3. Sustainable Livestock and Fisheries Development 4. Sustainable Forest Development 5. Sustainable Energy Development 6. Sustainable Mining Sector Development 7. Sustainable Industrial Development 8. Sustainable Transportation and Communication Development 9. Sustainable Tourism Development

19 Goal 3: Sustainable Social Development GOAL 3: Social Issues 6 Areas 1. Create a Knowledge Based Society 2. Vulnerable Group: Women 3. Uplift of Health 4. Culture 5. Social Development and Tourism 6. Strengthening Development of Border Areas and National Races

20 Institutions for Environmental Safeguards

21 Institutions for Environmental Safeguards National Environmental Conservation and Climate Change Committee (New Recruitment) WC on Policy, Law, Rule, Procedure, standard WC on Industry, Urban and Rural Development WC on Natural Resources and Cultural Heritage conservation WC on Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation WC on Environmental Human Resources Development, Environmental Education and Extension WC on Policy, Law, Rule, Procedure, standard Regions / states Environmental Supervision Working Committee - MONREC - Line Ministries - ECD - CSOs

22 Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy

23 Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy v Constitution (2008) v Environmental Policy (1994) v Myanmar Agenda (21) v National Sustainable Development Strategy NSDS (2009) v Environmental Conservation Law (2012) v Environmental Conservation Rule (2014) v Environmental Impact Assessment Procedures (2015) v National Comprehensive Development Plan NCDP (2015) v Foreign Investment Law (2012) v Myanmar Investment Rules (2013) v Special Economic Zone Law(2014) and Rules (2015)

24 Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy (Contd;) v National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2011) v National Adaptation programme of Action-NAPA (2012) v Myanmar Climate Change Alliance - MCCA v Myanmar Initial National Communication INC (2012) v Environmental Quality Guidelines (2015) v REDD+ Strategy (draft) v Green Economy and Green Growth Framework (draft)

25 Mainstreaming

26 Mainstreaming of environment to sectoral development planning and project implementation

27 Challenges & Constraints

28 Challenges Economic Development and Environment Environmental Changes Highly rely on natural resources Infrasture development Resources Degradation Biodiversity Forest Minerals Climate Change Sustainable Development? Heavy industrial Increasing special economic investment in zone industry based economy Pollution Water Air Land

29 Challenges Investment of project Proposals Natural resources- based investment (83) v Energy projects, Mining projects, Agricultural and forest Industry based investment (484) v Food and Liquor, Chemical, Garment and textile, Services Investment of 3 Special Economic Zones v Thilawa (Operated in Phase 1 last year and now implement Phase 2 this year but not initiate SEA) v Dawei ( Only for 8 development infrastructure projects, scoping reports are being revised at scoping study for EIA but not yet SEA) v Kyauk Phyu (Only ongoing policy implementation level and taking opportunity to initiate SEA)

30 Constraints v Need to initiate SEA by decision makers at planning level v Limited Human Resources and funding in Government sectors v Limited environmental awareness in private sectors to reform v Weakness in Law enforcement for environmental concerns between public, private and government sectors

31 Way Forward

32 Way Foward NGOs, CBOs. People UN Agencies, Int, Orgs Academies, Researchers Environmental and Social Safeguard System Sustainable Development Parliaments MONRAEC and Cross Ministries

33 Way Forward v Strong Political Support v Policy and Strategic Frameworks v Sectoral Environmental Management Rules, Regulations & Guidelines v National Environmental Quality Guidelines & Standards v SIA procedures v Sustainable Finance Mechanism v Institution, capacity building, and the coordination mechanism v Environmental Awareness v Research & Development v Regional and International Cooperation

34 SEA Experience in Myanmar v One government official from ECD has delivered his experiences regarding SEA training programme to relevant staffs from ECD and inline Ministries at the beginning of v This SEA training programme is financially and technically supported by Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency-SIDA.

35 Thank you for your kind attention!