COMPARATIVE STUDY ON VARIATION OF PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF EFFLUENTS FROM VARIOUS INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL ZONES

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1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 5, May 2018, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_09_05_112 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed COMPARATIVE STUDY ON VARIATION OF PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF EFFLUENTS FROM VARIOUS INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL ZONES N. Sree Navya Post Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, K.L.E.F, Guntur, A.P, India SS. Asadi Associate Dean and Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, K.L.E.F, Guntur, A.P, India ABSTRACT In present modern era, treatment of industrial and residential wastes is a serious problem because of establishment of various industries without providing proper outlet for effluents going and releasing of effluents contains harmful substances from both industrial and residential zones shows very high impact on the environment and improper treatment of sewage water leads to vary of physio chemical parameters like ph, COD, BOD, TDS, TSS etc. In order to evaluate the seasonal variation of physio- chemical parameters, Effluents were collected from the industries and residential areas in Vijayawada and Guntur regions from September to February To fulfil this objective, samples were collected from different sampling units and evaluated for various parameters like ph, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and after analysing those parameters we find that value of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is comparatively higher than the other parameters. And average of variation of parameters are compared with standard values. Keywords: Physio-chemical parameters, Effluents, Sampling units, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Cite this Article: N. Sree Navya and SS. Asadi, Comparative Study on Variation of Physio-Chemical Parameters of Effluents from Various Industrial and Residential Zones, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(5), 2018, pp editor@iaeme.com

2 N. Sree Navya and SS. Asadi 1. INTRODUCTION Swift progression in urbanisation and movement of people from country side to urban and semi-urban areas to survive themselves leads to disgusting sewerage conditions. In major cities only 40-50% of people had served by proper sewerage systems. Though there is existence of sewers they are not design according to the recommendations mentioned by the standards or due to improper maintenance. Raw wastes released from industries and other human wastes released from the residential zone contains pathogenic and harmful substances contaminate the ecological systems and leads to sickening of humans and animals. Keeping the negatives aside, the nutrients in the raw wastes helps in survival of aquatic life, but proper treatment of the waste exit from the industries and houses and recycling of those wastes helps in controlling of variation of various physio-chemical parameters and reduce the harmful impact on the nature. In this study analysis of various physio-chemical parameters is done by collecting waste water samples from different industrial and sampling units and those were comparison is done between average values of parameter with standards. 1.1 Description of Study Area The study was conducted in and around the APCRDA region. The total area is estimated about sq.mts and it lies at an altitude of 26.5 meters above sea level. Its average temperature C and the average rainfall is 1067mm. For this research we collected samples from the various outlets of industries and residential sewer outlets located in Vijayawada and Guntur urban region area. 2. OBJECTIVES Identification of impacts due to release of effluents from various industries and residential zones. Analysis of various physio-chemical parameters of collected samples Comparison of physio- chemical parameters with standards. 3. METHODOLOGY 3.1. Sample Collection Various samples were collected from different sampling units which consists of both industrial and residential units located in Vijayawada and Guntur limits which comes under APCRDA region. And collection samples were done by composite sampling method means collecting of samples at particular location with different time intervals of time. And those samples were taken to laboratory and different experiments like ph test, and experimental tests like COD, BOD, TSS, and TDS were conducted to analyse the variation of physiochemical parameters of the samples collected. Average of Parameters is done to identify the variation Analysis of Physio- Chemical Parameters ph After conducting of experiment it was identified that samples I4, I5, I6 contains high ph values compared to other samples due to sudden changes in temperature, increase of moisture content of air from industrial zone and in residential zone R2, R5 contains high ph value. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Samples I5, I6 from industrial units and R2, R6 from residential units contains high COD value because of release of chemical effluents and raw wastes editor@iaeme.com

3 Comparative Study on Variation of Physio-Chemical Parameters of Effluents from Various Industrial and Residential Zones Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Samples I4 and I6 from industrial units and R2 and R6 from residential units contains high BOD value due to emission of degradable substances from industries and residential units. Total Suspended solids (TSS) Samples I4 and I6 from industrial units and R2 and R6 from residential units contains high TSS value due to presence impurities and insoluble wastes into the water bodies without proper treatment methods and negligence at the time of exit of effluents from outlet of both industry and residential units Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Samples I4, I5, I6 from industrial units and R2, R5, R6 from residential units contains high TDS values due to presence of raw impurities in high content Standard values for parameters regarding to Residential Effluents: S.no Parameters Acceptable Limits 1. ph COD 250mg/L 3. BOD 30mg/L 4. TSS 500mg/L 5. TDS 500mg/L 3.4. Standard values for parameters regarding to Industrial Effluents S.no Parameters Acceptable Limits 1. ph COD 250mg/L 3. BOD 30mg/L 4. TSS 500mg/L 5. TDS 500mg/L 3.5. Research methodology flow chart

4 N. Sree Navya and SS. Asadi 4. RESULTS Mean values of the measured physio-chemical parameters of the water samples are shown in table 1 and table 2. Table 1 Average values explaining variation of physio-chemical parameters of effluents collected from residential zones. Parameters/ RES R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 ph COD BOD TSS TDS R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 ph COD BOD TSS TDS Figure 1 Graph representing Average values explaining variation of physio-chemical parameters of effluents collected from residential zones. Table 2 Average values explaining variation of physio-chemical parameters of effluents collected from industrial zones. Parameters/ Industry Ind.1 Ind.2 Ind.3 Ind.4 Ind.5 Ind.6 ph COD BOD TSS TDS editor@iaeme.com

5 Comparative Study on Variation of Physio-Chemical Parameters of Effluents from Various Industrial and Residential Zones I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 ph COD BOD TSS TDS Figure 2 Graph representing Average values explaining variation of physio-chemical parameters of effluents collected from residential zones. Table 3 Comparison of physio-chemical parameters of effluents released from both industry and residential zone Parameter I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 ph COD BOD TSS TDS I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 ph COD BOD TSS TDS Figure 3 Graph representing the comparison between variance of effluents from industrial and residential zones 5. CONCLUSIONS From this research it was concluded that release of toxic and harmful effluents is more in industrial zone than compared to other sectors and presence of Chemical Oxygen Demand is high in the effluents released from the both residential and industrial units due to presence of harmful chemical substances in the raw wastes and after comparing these values with editor@iaeme.com

6 N. Sree Navya and SS. Asadi standards, came to know that all parameters were in permissible limits. And through this study it was suggested that proper establishment of sewerage treatment plants and regular inspection has to be done. REFERENCES [1] N. Ramakrishnareddy, B.Chaitanyarao (2017) Environmental impact assessment of residential township International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Volume: 04 Issue: 12 pp [2] Bansari M. Ribadiya Mehali (2014). Mehta Treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater by reed bed technology: A low cost treatment approach Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 4, Issue 12(Part 3), pp [3] M. Bouali, M. Feki and A. Bakhrouf (2014) Comparative study of two constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences, Vol. 4, No. 2; [4] Karan Singh Lodhi, Vinit Kumar and Jamshed Zaidi (2014) water quality assessment of the river birma: a tributaries of yamuna river hamirpur district (U.P) India International Journal of Current Research Vol. 6, Issue, 11, pp [5] Tiwari Jeetendra Kumar and Rawani A.M, Environmental impact analysis; A case study of ACC cement plant, Journal of Environmental Research and Development vol.7 no.2, pp , December (2012). [6] Peng Wang, Shixiong Li Treatment of Antibiotic Pharmaceutical Wastewater Using a Rotating Biological Contactor Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Chemistry Volume [7] A.Torkian, O.Yazdani, and K. Alinejad, Treatability evaluation of municipal wastewater and anaerobically-treated industrial effluent in a rotating biological contactor, Industrial Journal of Engineering, vol. 16, no. 6, pp , [8] W. Zheng, X.-M. Li, Z.-M. Hao, D.-B. Wang, Q. Yang, and G.M. Zeng, Coal cinder filtration as pre-treatment with biological processes to treat pharmaceutical wastewater, Water Science and Technology, vol. 62, no. 1, pp , [9] Z. Chen, Q.Wen, J. Wang, and F. Li, Simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen from municipal-type synthetic wastewater using net-like rotating biological contactor (NRBC), Process Biochemistry, vol. 41, no. 12, pp , [10] K. Wang, S. Liu, Q. Zhang, and Y. He, Pharmaceutical wastewater treatment by internal micro-electrolysis-coagulation, biological treatment and activated carbon adsorption, Environmental Technology, vol. 30, no. 13, pp , [11] T. Varun Tej, SS.Asadi (2016) An Integrated Approach for Evaluation of Environmental Impact Assessment-A Model Study, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2016, pp [12] SS.Asadi, Y.Sree Ramulu, M.V.Raju and D. Satish Chandra(2015) Creation of Remote Sensing and GIS Based Risk Area Mapping For Ground Water Pollution Prevention :A Case Study, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, Volume 10, Number4 pp [13] Mohammad M J, K. Sai Krishna and T. Ravi Kumar, Case Study of Jeedimetla Effluent Treatment Plant Limited (JETL), Hyderabad, Telnagana. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(3), 2017, pp editor@iaeme.com