AAG 610S POLYTECHNIC OF NAMIBIA SCHOOL OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COURSE AGRONOMY COURSE CODE

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1 POLYTECHNIC OF NAMIBIA SCHOOL OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COURSE COURSE CODE AGRONOMY AAG 610S QUALIFICATION: NATIONAL DIPLOMA NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT. (Agriculture) LEVEL 2 DATE JUNE 2014 MARKS 120 TIME 3HOURS FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPERS EXAMINERS MODERATOR MR. ELUNGI KONIS FIDELIS MWAZI INSTRUCTIONS 1. CANDIDATES MUST ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 2. FOR QUESTION ONE, CHOOSE ONLY THE CORRECT ANSWER 3. START EACH ANSWER ON A NEW PAGE. 4. WRITE CLEARLY AND LEGIBLE THIS PAPER CONSISTS OF 6 PAGES, INCLUDING THIS FRONT PAGE

2 QUESTION 1. (20) 1.1. The endosperm is to an emerging seed. A. The starchy food source B. The first root C. Protection for the plumule D. The embryo 1.2. Seed is likely to be planted on a ridge in a A. semi-arid area with sandy soil B. semi-arid area with loam soil C. humid area with clay loam soil D. humid area with sandy soil 1.3. High salt levels in the soil profile A. make vegetables tastier B. reduce the amount of available water C. increase total water D. decrease total water 1.4. In general, a higher soil organic matter would A. increase the available moisture capacity of our soils B. decrease the available moisture capacity C. not change the available moisture capacity D. decrease the hygroscopic moisture 1.5. "Available" water in the rooting zone should be highest in A. sandy loam soil B. loam soil C. clay loam soil D. clay soil 1.6. Photosynthesis is the reaction through which energy from the sun is used to create? A. Oxygen B. Sugar C. Water D. A and B 1.7. The crop growth stage where reproductive parts develop is. A. Maturation B. Flowering C. Vegetative D. Germination 1

3 1.8. The science of soil management, land cultivation and crop production is? A. Cropology B. Sociology C. Anthropology D. None of the above 1.9. The downward movement of nutrients in the soil is called? A. Field capacity B. Runoff C. Transpiration D. Leaching The use of multiple tactics to control a pest is called. A. Multitasking B. Integrated Pest Management(IPM) C. Best Management Practices (BMP) D. Job security Anything that competes with humans for food and fiber or attacks us directly is defined as. A. An irritant B. Natural enemies C. Beneficial organisms D. Pests A pesticide is a product used to control. A. Insects B. Diseases C. Weeds D. All of the above Crop sensitivity to a pesticide can vary with. A. Persistence B. Placement C. Crop growth stage D. Both B and C Which of the following is a plant micronutrient (meaning nutrients required in small quantities)? A. Manganese B. Zinc C. Copper D. All of the above 2

4 1.15. What information would be most useful when determining the proper amount of fertilizer to apply to afield? A. Field history B. Soil analysis C. Recommendation of a neighbor D. Aerial photography Which of the following is an example of ground water? A. river B. pond C. drainage ditch D. aquifer A pesticide's ability to break down slowly and remain in the environment for a long time refers to its. A. persistence B. adsorption C. solubility D. runoff One of the best ways to avoid herbicide resistance from occurring is to: A. Continue to use the same herbicide, just at higher rates. B. Let weeds that have escaped go to seed. C. Use different types of herbicides to control weeds D. Rotate to a different crop but use the same herbicide The pest toward which control measures are being directed is referred to as the pest. A. target A. endangered B. non-target C. systemic The chemicals in a pesticide product that control the target pest are called the A. Active ingredient B. Inert ingredient C. Adjuvant D. Solvent 3

5 QUESTION Explain briefly the criteria used in classifying cropping systems (4) 2.2. Mention the advantages of crop rotation. (4) QUESTION State the criteria that an element must meet before it is referred to as essential element. (6) 3.2. For each of the following fertilizers, give two examples each: (10) a. Nitrate fertilizers b. Ammonium fertilizers c. Phosphorus fertilizers d. Potassium fertilizers e. Compound fertilizers QUESTION Define the term tillage" and state five purposes of tillage operations (6) 4.2. State th beneficial effects oftillage in soil and water conservation: (4) QUESTION Define the term irrigation and state why it is important. (2) 5.2. For each of the following, state two advantages and two disadvantages: (12) QUESTION Define the term weeds and state five 5 characteristic of weeds which make them excellent competitors with the crop plants. (6) 6.2. Write short notes on the following: (8) a. Weed classification b. Common weed. c. Annual weed. d. Noxious weed. 4

6 , QUESTION What is weed eradication? And what are conditions necessitating it? (5) 7.2. Write short notes on the following: (8) a. Live mulch. b. Allelopathy. c. Crop rotation as a measure of weed control. d. Burning. as a measure of weed control QUESTIONS 8.1. Define the term pests and categorise pests based on pattern of feeding. (8) 8.2. What is integrated pest management? (2) QUESTION State the conditions necessary for seed germination. (3) 9.2. Differentiate between epigeal and hypogeal types of germination. (2) QUESTION State the effects of the following (5) a. Premature harvesting of crops. b. Delayed harvesting of crops State 5 effects of drying on grain quality. (5) 5