Technical Requirements for for Wind Power Projects. James Murphy Manager, Project Development Ontario Sustainable Energy Association

Transcription

1

2 Technical Requirements for for Wind Power Projects James Murphy Manager, Project Development Ontario Sustainable Energy Association

3 Technical Requirements Overview Acquiring Land Rights Wind Resource Assessment(s) Environmental Assessment Interconnection Engineering Certification

4 Each wind turbine requires approximately 1 acre of land (Turbine, Access Roads, Substation etc.) Photos courtesy of Paul Gipe & Associates

5 Securing Land Rights Land Option Agreement Typical term 1 to 5 years Covers wind testing period Generally flat fee payment Payment ranges from $500 - $2000/site Land Lease Agreement Term for 20 years with potential for extension Covers construction and O&M of wind facility Many payment options Can be flat fee, percentage of gross revenue, combination of both etc.

6 Landowners Guide to Wind OSEA developing Landowners Guide to Wind Energy Authored by Paul Gipe and James Murphy Will be available by April 2005 Visit OSEA website for details:

7 Technical Requirements Overview Acquiring Land Rights Wind Resource Assessment(s) Environmental Assessment Interconnection Engineering Certification

8 Wind Resource Assessment There are 4 main activities involved in analyzing the wind at a given location: Assessment of Historical Data On-site Monitoring Computer Modeling Correlation

9 Wind Resource Assessment On-site monitoring lasts for 1 to 3 years The larger the proposed facility and varied the topography, the more WRA required There are several firms in Ontario who provide Wind Resource Assessment services Contact the Canadian Wind Energy Association for a list of firms

10 Installing On-site Monitoring Photos courtesy of Positive Power Co-op

11 Installing On-site Monitoring Photos courtesy of Positive Power Co-op

12 Installing On-site Monitoring Photos courtesy of Positive Power Co-op

13 Installing On-site Monitoring Photos courtesy of Positive Power Co-op

14 Computer Modeling WRA Results Several programs available to model data: Wind Farmer MS Micro, WAsP and PARK etc. Professional consultants will compare onsite WRA results with historical data Determines optimal layout and siting of wind turbines Complete WRA can cost between $25,000 to $45,000 per tower and assessment

15 Wind Resources Available Canadian Wind Atlas now on-line: Ontario wind map on-line in Spring 2005: RETScreen software includes historical data from nearby monitoring stations:

16 Technical Requirements Overview Acquiring Land Rights Wind Resource Assessment(s) Environmental Assessment Interconnection Engineering Certification

17 Environmental Assessment Objective: Minimize adverse environmental impacts Planning process, early in project cycle Early identification of stakeholder concerns Environment includes: Physical (land, air, water, plants, animals) Social Economic

18 Two EA Processes Can Apply Provincial Electricity Projects Regulation Ontario regulation 116/01 Federal Canadian Environmental Assessment Act

19 What Triggers an EA? Provincial EA Project is >2MW If located on crown land: <2MW Ministry of Natural Resources completes review >2MW Developer completes Environmental Screening Process Federal EA Four triggers: Regulatory Decision Property Transfer Project Proponent Federal Funding e.g. Wind Power Production Incentive

20 EA Studies Bird & Wildlife Hydrology Agricultural Archaeological/Cultural Public Consultation

21 Bird and Wildlife Field research, literature analysis Wildlife experts Local bird/ nature groups Impact on flora and fauna Plants, birds, bats, etc Attention to raptors, endangered species Birds: Fall migration study Spring migration study Breeding season study Impact of construction, operations, decommissioning Cumulative impacts

22 Hydrology Scope: Secondary info Soils mapping, watershed studies, etc Site visits Drainage issues Turbine foundations, road access Mitigation alternatives

23 Agricultural Scope: Secondary info (soils mapping, watershed studies, etc) Site visits Land capability and soil conditions Impacts: Areas removed and disturbed Land loss Mitigation measures

24 Archaeological/ Cultural Archaeological Assessment Research, field work Known sites, potential of area Significant heritage buildings, cultural landscape

25 Importance of Public Process Comprehensive process critical to success Harness public support and acceptance Pre-empt/ neutralize opposition through early engagement, education Provincial process requires it Federally, no specific requirements Just that public should be consulted At discretion of RA

26 Community Power = Community Process Typically trio of concerns: Noise, birds, looks Ensure broad outreach process: stakeholder groups, nearby residents Community meetings, open houses, one-onones, trips to a turbine, door-to-door visits and video drops, petitions Use ornithological experts, wind power developers, noted citizens at meetings

27 Additional Studies Noise Municipal Land Use Municipal Planning Approvals Air Traffic Visual Socio Economic

28 Technical Requirements Overview Acquiring Land Rights Wind Resource Assessment(s) Environmental Assessment Interconnection Engineering Certification

29 Typical Electricity System Diagram courtesy of Hydro One

30 Key Market Players Responsible for legislation & policy for the Ontario Energy industry Governs & oversees OEB, IMO, Hydro One & OPG Licenses all participants in the electricity sector Regulates rates for Transmission and Distribution Responsible for ensuring the reliability of Ontario s integrated power system Administers market rules that govern wholesale electricity market (spot market) and manages electricity system Regulated by the Ontario Energy Board Wires and Towers Transmits & distributes electricity across the province Generates electricity and competes with other generating companies across the Ontario marketplace Coming soon: Ontario Power Authority!!

31 Factors Affecting Connection Distance Between wind farm and closest acceptable connection point Voltage levels Wind farm size Electrical grid parameters Customer impacts Safety, reliability of grid

32 Transmission vs. Distribution Factor System operates Transmission System > 50kV < 50kV Distribution System Controlled By IESO (formerly IMO) Local Distribution Companies (LDC) Governing Code Transmission System Code Operated By Hydro One LDCs Distribution System Code Hydro One

33 Transmission vs. Distribution Factor Studies Required Transmission System IESO System Impact Assessment (SIA) Customer Impact Assessment (CIA) with Transmission company < 10 MVA: Distribution System Distributor Connection Impact Assessment (CIA) > 10 MVA: IMO System Impact Assessment (SIA) HO Connection Impact Assessment /Customer Impact Assessment

34 Transmission vs. Distribution Factor Transmission System Distribution System Complexity High Low-Moderate Expertise required High External Consultants Moderate LDC staff External consultants if > 10 MVA, need SIA Cost High Low-Moderate Time Long: 6 months-1 yr Faster (depends on LDC, location)

35 Technical Requirements Overview Acquiring Land Rights Wind Resource Assessment(s) Environmental Assessment Interconnection Engineering Certification

36 Engineering Foundation Turbine manufacturer will provide design information and data Design of foundation will depend on geology of site A geotechnical survey will reveal the composition of the soil and depth to bedrock For utility-scale turbines foundation costs can range from $50,000 to $200,000/turbine

37 Engineering Mechanical Design Design of assembly Planning erection of equipment Electrical Design Design and construction of control and electrical systems Based on interconnect Photo courtesy of WindShare

38 Technical Requirements Overview Acquiring Land Rights Wind Resource Assessment(s) Environmental Assessment Interconnection Engineering Certification

39 Certification Environment Canada s Environmental Choice Program Grants EcoLogo certification Given to green power facilities that have: Superior environmental performance Meet or exceed all government, industrial safety, and performance standards

40 Contact OSEA OSEA is an association of organizations across the province developing sustainable energy projects by the community, for the community. Please visit for more info or contact James Murphy at or

41