What do we know about RGT Planet and Spartacus CL barley? Blakely Paynter, DPIRD, Northam

Transcription

1 What do we know about RGT Planet and Spartacus CL barley? Blakely Paynter, DPIRD, Northam Darkan 28 Feb 2018

2 Presentation outline Part 1 background Part 2 focus on Spartacus CL Part 3 focus on RGT Planet

3 Key principles agronomy Sowing <100 plants/m 2 costs yield, aim for the variety specific target density Delaying N timing till Z31 can help lift grain protein with no yield loss Varieties do respond differently to management, mostly quality related

4 Plant density & grain yield Average grain yield response of barley sown at Kojonup-W from 2012 to 2017 Grain yield (t/ha) Yield gain Yield gain Yield gain Density high - low high - low >150 plants/m 2 Year (%) (t/ha) (t/ha) % % % % * 0% % Mean 28% Plant establishment (plants/m 2 ) *site frosted and excluded from mean source: Malik, Paynter and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224)

5 N timing & grain protein 60 kg N/ha applied to La Trobe at different timings at Walebing 60 kg N/ha applied to La Trobe at different timings at Cunderdin Grain protein concentration (%) WAS 4WAS 8WAS Split Grain protein concentration (%) WAS 4WAS 8WAS Split Nitrogen timing Nitrogen timing Influence of 60 N applied at 8 WAS instead of Influence of 60 N applied at 8 WAS instead of Seeding 4 WAS Split Seeding 4 WAS Split Grain protein (%, db) Grain protein (%, db) Grain yield (t/ha) Grain yield (t/ha) N timing Seeding 4 WAS 8 WAS Split % trials 9.5% 33% 50% 100% 33% met Malt 1 protein source: Curry, Paynter and Malik (2017), N timing in barley 18 th ABTS - paper

6 Comments variety choice Which variety is best for me is a complex question Spartacus CL is just like La Trobe but with some handy improvements RGT Planet looks good as a feed barley but will it be a reliable malt barley?

7 Barley variety popularity Actual 2017 season (~1.32m Ha) Old-malt 1% Spartacus CL 13% Scope CL 18% RGT Planet 0% Feed 7% Bass 10% La Trobe 32% Hindmarsh 7% Baudin 3% Compass 1% Flinders 4% Granger 2% Forecast 2018 season (~1.35m Ha) Old-malt 0% Spartacus CL 29% Scope CL 8% Feed 6% Bass 8% RGT Planet 14% La Trobe 24% Baudin 2% Compass 2% Flinders 4% Granger 2% Hindmarsh 1% Source: 2017 data from CBH and GIWA; 2018 forecasts by Blakely Paynter, DPIRD

8 National agronomy series Projects DAW00190, DAW00224, DAN00167 & DAN00173 General design 8 varieties x 3 N x 3 SR x 3 reps Varieties in MET analysis 8 selected of 24 varieties evaluated selected varieties Bass, Buloke (=Scope CL), Commander, Compass, Flinders, Granger, La Trobe and Spartacus CL N applied , 20 and 80 kg N/ha N applied , 30 and 90 kg N/ha Seed rate target density of 75, 150 and 300 plants/m 2 No of sites 52 in total (23 in WA, 5 in SA, 3 in Vic & 21 in NSW) A copy of this data is available as a paper associated with the 2018 GRDC Research Updates - Perth

9 WA agronomy series Design 6 varieties x 3 N x 5 SR x 3 reps Common varieties Banks, Compass, La Trobe & RGT Planet extras in lower rainfall Scope CL & Spartacus CL extras in higher rainfall Bass & Flinders N applied 10, 30, 60 and 90 kg N/ha lower rainfall 90 kg N/ha at 160 plants/m 2 only higher rainfall 10 kg N/ha at 160 plants/m 2 only Seed rate target density of 40, 100, 160, 220 & 280 plants/m 2

10 Focus on Spartacus CL Pedigree: Scope/4*Hindmarsh//HMVB

11 Spartacus CL grain yield Predicted grain yield (t/ha) [deviation from site mean] (3.77 t/ha) 2014 (3.12 t/ha) 2015 (3.10 t/ha) 2016 (3.87 t/ha) 2017 (3.50 t/ha) Bass Baudin Flinders Granger La Trobe Rosalind Scope CL source: GRDC NVT multi-site MET data [ ]

12 Spartacus CL grain yield Predicted grain yield (t/ha) [deviation from site mean] (3.77 t/ha) 2014 (3.12 t/ha) 2015 (3.10 t/ha) 2016 (3.87 t/ha) 2017 (3.50 t/ha) Compass Flinders La Trobe Rosalind Scope CL Spartacus CL source: GRDC NVT multi-site MET data [ ]

13 Spartacus CL grain yield Sites: NVT multi-site MET data Bass Compass La Trobe Scope CL Spartacus CL Sites: barley agronomy NVT single site data Bass Compass La Trobe Scope CL Spartacus CL Relative to site mean Relative to site mean Grain yield (t/ha) - site mean -0.4 Grain yield (t/ha) - site mean source: Best fit thru L: GRDC multi-site MET data [82 comparisons] and R: Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) + GRDC NVT single site data [88 comparisons]

14 Spartacus CL test wt & screenings Bass Buloke Compass La Trobe Spartacus CL Bass Buloke Compass La Trobe Spartacus CL Hectolitre weight (kg/hl) Screenings (% < 2.5 mm) N applied (kg N/ha) N applied (kg N/ha) source: Paynter et al. (2017) National agronomy trial series MET analysis ( ) DAW00190, DAW00224, DAN00167, DAN00173 [52 comparisons]

15 Spartacus CL protein & brightness Bass Buloke Compass La Trobe Spartacus CL Bass Buloke Compass La Trobe Spartacus CL Grain protein (%, db) Grain brightness (Minolta 'L*') N applied (kg N/ha) N applied (kg N/ha) source: Paynter et al. (2017) National agronomy trial series MET analysis ( ) DAW00190, DAW00224, DAN00167, DAN00173 [52 comparisons, except brightness 15 comparisons]

16 Spartacus CL disease Weaknesses Smut S Oxford virulent NTNB S as seedling (adult resistance unknown) STNB SVS at all growth stages BLR S but shows good tolerance Management seed needs a good quality smuticide applied with even coverage barley on barley use SD/IF and straw removal where possible low disease Z25/31 + Z33/45 (or just Z33/45) medium disease SD/IF &/or Z31 + Z39/45 high disease SD/IF + Z31/32 + Z39/55 fungicide notes (1) rotate fungicide groups, (2) use product mixtures (incl Qol or SDHI) in disease favourable environments and (3) DMI alone not recommended for southern high disease STNB regions source: Gupta (Murdoch) and GRDC NVT data; Jayasena and Thomas (DPIRD)

17 Spartacus CL what else 6WAS biomass NDVI same as La Trobe Yield response to plant density like La Trobe Yield response to N like La Trobe, very responsive to N Lodging does lean, similar to or slightly better than La Trobe Germ end staining risk similar to La Trobe Head loss risk appears to be an improvement over La Trobe Malt accreditation accredited as a malt barley (March 2018) Shochu kernels softer than La Trobe but rounder

18 Spartacus CL summary Why Spartacus CL over Scope CL? higher grain yield long term improved grain quality but less suited to early sowing and where longer straw needed Why Spartacus CL over La Trobe? similar days to Z49 with April to July sowing same grain yield as La Trobe but with more grain protein plumper grain and lower screenings risk when N applied slightly brighter grain although same germ end staining risk can use an imi herbicide if required or plant back into imi stubble Don t expect high market premiums in early years as it undergoes international market development

19 Focus on RGT Planet Pedigree: Tamtam/Concerto

20 RGT Planet grain yield Predicted grain yield (t/ha) [deviation from site mean] (3.77 t/ha) 2014 (3.12 t/ha) 2015 (3.10 t/ha) 2016 (3.87 t/ha) 2017 (3.50 t/ha) Compass Flinders La Trobe Rosalind Scope CL Spartacus CL source: GRDC NVT multi-site MET data [ ]

21 RGT Planet grain yield Predicted grain yield (t/ha) [deviation from site mean] (3.77 t/ha) 2014 (3.12 t/ha) 2015 (3.10 t/ha) 2016 (3.87 t/ha) 2017 (3.50 t/ha) Banks Compass Flinders La Trobe RGT Planet Rosalind Scope CL Spartacus CL source: GRDC NVT multi-site MET data [ ]

22 RGT Planet grain yield Yield (rel to Rosalind, t/ha) Western Australia La Trobe RGT Planet 2016 (4.26 t/ha) 2017 (3.89 t/ha) Yield (rel to Rosalind, t/ha) South Australia La Trobe RGT Planet 2016 (6.08 t/ha) 2017 (4.54 t/ha) Yield (rel to Rosalind, t/ha) Victoria La Trobe 2016 (6.10 t/ha) RGT Planet 2017 (5.14 t/ha) Yield (rel to Rosalind, t/ha) New South Wales La Trobe RGT Planet 2016 (5.49 t/ha) 2017 (2.95 t/ha) Yield (rel to Rosalind, t/ha) Queensland La Trobe 2016 (5.63 t/ha) RGT Planet 2017 (1.74 t/ha) Yield (rel to Rosalind, t/ha) National La Trobe 2016 (5.43 t/ha) RGT Planet 2017 (3.94 t/ha) source: GRDC NVT multi-site MET data [ ]

23 RGT Planet grain yield 7 6 La Trobe RGT Planet Planet higher Grain yield (t/ha) same Planet lower same same same same Planet lower same 0 Cadoux (1.2 t/ha) Merredin (2.4 t/ha) Grass Patch (3.4 t/ha) Yerecoin (3.6 t/ha) Gnowangerup (3.6 t/ha) Lake Grace (3.8 t/ha) Location (site mean yield) Brookton (3.9 t/ha) Kojonup-W (4.0 t/ha) Wittenoom Hills (5.7 t/ha) source: Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) [9 sites in 2017, data average of 3 N rates and 5 plant densities]

24 RGT Planet grain yield 7 6 Banks RGT Planet Planet higher Grain yield (t/ha) same Planet lower same same same same same same 1 0 Cadoux (1.2 t/ha) Merredin (2.4 t/ha) Grass Patch (3.4 t/ha) Yerecoin (3.6 t/ha) Gnowangerup (3.6 t/ha) Lake Grace (3.8 t/ha) Location (site mean yield) Brookton (3.9 t/ha) Kojonup-W (4.0 t/ha) Wittenoom Hills (5.7 t/ha) source: Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) [9 sites in 2017, data average of 3 N rates and 5 plant densities] Note: IGB1305 has been named as Banks

25 La Trobe RGT Planet 651 tillers/m tillers/m grains/ear 25.8 grains/ear 41.2 mg per grain 44.3 mg per grain 3.72 t/ha 3.80 t/ha source: Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) [average of 4 N rates from 6 sites in 2017, excluding Wittenoom Hills]

26 RGT Planet grain yield Maturity DM Tiller no. Grain no. Grain no. Harvest Kernel weight Grain yield Wittenoom Hills (t/ha) (no./m 2 ) (no./ear) (no./m 2 ) index (mg, db) (t/ha) La Trobe , RGT Planet , Difference (R-L) Maturity DM Tiller no. Grain no. Grain no. Harvest Kernel weight Grain yield Other six sites (t/ha) (no./m 2 ) (no./ear) (no./m 2 ) index (mg, db) (t/ha) La Trobe , RGT Planet , Difference (R-L) , Extra yield of RGT Planet at Wittenoom Hills came from sustaining 1 more tiller per 8 plants established DM filling nearly 2 more grains per ear DM This suggests it needs favourable conditions pre- and post-anthesis to fill its grain (source and sink) source: Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) [data average of 4 N rates in 2017]

27 RGT Planet grain yield Sites: multi-site MET data Banks Bass La Trobe RGT Planet Rosalind Sites: NVT, 2016 barley agronomy higher rainfall barley agronomy Banks Bass Flinders La Trobe RGT Planet Relative to site mean Relative to site mean Grain yield (t/ha) - site mean -0.4 Grain yield (t/ha) - site mean source: Best fit thru L: GRDC multi-site MET data [82 comparisons] and R: Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) + GRDC NVT single site data [44 comparisons]

28 RGT Planet test wt & screenings Sites: NVT, 2016 barley agronomy higher rainfall barley agronomy Banks Bass Flinders La Trobe RGT Planet Sites: NVT, 2016 barley agronomy higher rainfall barley agronomy Banks Bass Flinders La Trobe RGT Planet Malt 1 limit +12 Malt 1 limit Relative to site mean Relative to site mean Hectolitre weight (kg/hl) - site mean -8 Screenings (% < 2.5 mm) - site mean source: Best fit thru Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) + GRDC NVT single site data [44 comparisons ]

29 RGT Planet protein & brightness Sites: NVT, 2016 barley agronomy higher rainfall barley agronomy Banks Bass Flinders La Trobe RGT Planet Sites: NVT, 2016 barley agronomy higher rainfall barley agronomy Banks Bass Flinders La Trobe RGT Planet +1.0 Malt 1 limit +1.0 Malt 1 limit Relative to site mean Relative to site mean Grain protein (%, db) - site mean -1.0 Grain brightness (Minolta 'L*') - site mean source: Best fit thru Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) + GRDC NVT single site data [44 comparisons in each analysis]

30 RGT Planet disease Weaknesses Oxford virulent NTNB S as seedling (adult resistance unknown) Beecher virulent NTNB SVSp as an adult plant STNB S as an adult plant BLR has APR but still needs protection under high disease pressure Management rotation avoid sowing on/next to barley stubble low disease Z25/31 + Z33/45 (or just Z33/45) medium disease SD/IF &/or Z31 + Z39/45 high disease SD/IF + Z31/32 + Z39/55 fungicide notes (1) rotate fungicide groups, (2) use product mixtures (incl Qol or SDHI) in disease favourable environments and (3) DMI alone not recommended for southern high disease STNB regions source: Gupta (Murdoch) and GRDC NVT data; Jayasena and Thomas (DPIRD)

31 RGT Planet phenology Date to flower (Z49) Phenology data - Northam Banks Bass Compass Flinders La Trobe RGT Planet Rosalind Scope CL Spartacus CL Urambie 17-Oct 7-Oct 27-Sep 17-Sep 7-Sep 28-Aug 18-Aug 8-Aug Date to flower (Z49) relative to La Trobe from 4 sowing dates averaged over 3 sites in 2016 & 2017 Variety late April late May mid June early July Banks Bass Compass Flinders RGT Planet Rosalind Scope CL Spartacus CL Urambie La Trobe 08-Aug 03-Sep 17-Sep 01-Oct 29-Jul 20-Apr 10-May 30-May 19-Jun 9-Jul Date of sowing source: Paynter, Malik and Curry, DPIRD-GRDC barley agronomy (DAW00224) [Northam, Katanning and Gibson, ]

32 RGT Planet what else 6WAS biomass higher NDVI than La Trobe Yield response to plant density same as other varieties Yield response to N no evidence different yet Lodging leans but not as stiff as Flinders Germ end staining risk seems to be similar to Flinders (low) Head loss risk appears to be low (limited data) Malt accreditation passed Stage 1 malt accreditation (Mar 2018) Shochu has soft kernel, don t know if would be suitable or not

33 RGT Planet summary Good attributes as a feed barley well suited to 4+ t/ha environments due to the big sink (more grains per ear) it needs favourable conditions to fill not been tested in seasons which finish early, dry or with hot spells in WA manage NTNB + STNB and spray for BLR in high disease environments Grain quality might influence its reliability as a malt barley hectolitre weight can be 2-3 kg/hl lighter than current malt varieties 4-10% higher screenings when La Trobe at 20% screenings slightly low in grain protein for its yield brightness okay, perhaps matching Scope CL but darker than Bass low germ end staining risk Passed Stage 1 of malt accreditation (March 2018)

34 Comments variety choice Be aware of Banks (IGB1305) & Compass (accredited) as other malt options Spartacus CL is just like La Trobe but with some handy improvements RGT Planet looks good as a feed barley but will it be a reliable malt barley?

35 Acknowledgments: The barley agronomy team at DPIRD is co-funded by the GRDC (DAW00224) Northam Blakely Paynter, Georgia Trainor Esperance Jeremy Curry Katanning Raj Malik, Rod Bowey Statistical support Andrew van Burgel, Mario D Antuono, Neroli Graham (NSW DPI)