Sakina, H. 1 and Ng, T.L. 1 Batu 21, Ladang Hutan Ulu Sedili, Jalan Kota Tinggi Mersing, 81900, Kota Tinggi, Johor Darul Ta zim, Malaysia.

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1 FERTILIZER TRIALS OF AQUILARIA CRASSNA USING MICRO-ORGANIC (PRO-FIL SAWIT B&F), COMPOUND (NPK GREEN 15:15:15) AND VERMICOMPOST (WORM WASTE) FOR AGARWOOD Sakina, H. 1 and Ng, T.L. 1 Batu 21, Ladang Hutan Ulu Sedili, Jalan Kota Tinggi Mersing, 81900, Kota Tinggi, Johor Darul Ta zim, Malaysia. Lok, E.H. 2 Forest Plantation Programme, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109, Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. International Conference of Indonesia Forestry Researchers III October 2015 TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES EXPERIMENTAL METHODS RESULT AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEGDEMENT 1

2 INTRODUCTION Aquilaria or commonly known as Karas, family Thymelaeaceae are native trees in Asia. Is a medium-sized evergreen tree occurring in various habitats such as rocky, sandy or calcareous, well drained slopes and ridges, and swampy areas. Out of 25 Aquilaria sp., only 15 are known as agarwood producing tree (Barden et al., 2000). In Malaysia, the most common species associated with agarwood producing species are A. malaccensis, A. microcarpa, A. beccariana, A. rostrata, A. crassna and A. hirta. INTRODUCTION Early growth may be affected by several factors including planting techniques, site conditions, soil types, soil fertility and other environmental factors. Aquilaria has been listed in IUCN (2002) Red List Criteria and CITES Appendix II as one of the threatened or endangered species. Lack study on fertilizer trial application due to lack of fertility status for many soil types in tropical condition. Hence, this study was undertaken to determine the effects of types of fertilizers for the early growth of Aquilaria crassna. 2

3 OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of types of fertilizers for the early growth of Aquilaria crassna in terms of diameter and height growth. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS No. Description Remarks 1. Design Complete randomized block design (CRBD) - One treatment x 2 replications x 25 trees 2. Planting distance 2m x 2m (square planting) 3. Location Ladang Hutan Ulu Sedili 4. Type of fertilizer (treatment) - a part of Ulu Sedili Permanent Forest Reserve - in Kota Tinggi, district of Johor a) NPK Green 15:15:15 (compound) b) Vermi-compost (organic) c) Pro-fil Sawit B&F (micro-organic) 3

4 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS All experimental blocks received similar rounds of silvicultural treatments. The fertilizer applied once in three (3) months with the following application; No. Type of fertilizer Remarks 1. NPK Green 15:15:15 (compound) 100g 2. Vermi-compost (organic) 100g 3. Pro-fil Sawit B&F (micro-organic) 4cc for each Pro-fil B and F EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 4

5 RESULTS The data analyzed using SPSS, under the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Means were compared using Duncan s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with significant difference between treatments (P 0.05). RESULTS Fertilizer NPK Green (15:15:15) Mean Survival (%) Diameter (cm) Height (m) Diameter (cm) Height (m) Min Max Min Max 8.40 ± 0.49 c 4.73 ± 0.21 b Profil Sawit B & F 7.19 ± 0.30 b 4.89 ± 0.41 b Vermicompost 5.62 ± 0.45 a 4.01 ± 0.24 a Control 6.19 ± 0.42 ab 4.87 ± 0.21 b Note : Data with the same letters are not significantly different at P 0.05 using DMRT Test. 5

6 DISCUSSION Almost similar, NPK Green 15:15:15 and control treatments attained higher survival rate at 84% and 88% respectively. Only NPK Green 15:15:15 shows a significant difference (P 0.05) in the diameter growth. NPK Green 15:15:15 gives the highest mean diameter growth of 8.40cm compared to other treatments; Pro-fil Sawit B&F, Vermicompost and control with mean diameter growth of 7.19cm, 5.62cm and 6.19cm respectively. No significant difference (P 0.05) in the height growth for control, NPK Green 15:15:15, Pro-fil Sawit B&F treatments with mean height growth of 4.87m, 4.73m, 4.89m respectively; except for Vermicompost treatments with lowest mean height of 4.01m. CONCLUSION Diameter growth response positively to the NPK Green 15:15:15 treatments, indicates higher possibility of shorter maturity period in preparation for the artificial inoculation. This may be because of its ability to provide immediate essential nutrient composition with sufficient ratios. Unlike organic fertilizer, the appropriate ratios are hardly obtained, in need for formulation in order to meet the optimum plant growth requirements. The result may be affected by other factors such as site condition, weather, and etc. Hence, a proper planning is recommended during the plot establishment. 6

7 CONCLUSION A significant improvement and further study in this fertilizer trials should be encouraged to determine the effects of the fertilizer types in the production (agarwood) and to enhance the yield, biomass and chlorophyll in tree development process. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Express gratitude to Aramijaya Sdn. Bhd. And Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM) for their financial support and permission to rendered this presentation. Outmost appreciated to Mr. Mohd Fadli bin Mohamad as the pioneer researcher and other staff in both institutes for their kind assistance during the establishment and measurement activities. 7