Accelerated Stress Tests in PEM Fuel Cells: What can we learn from it?
|
|
- Julie Sullivan
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Accelerated Stress Tests in PEM Fuel Cells: What can we learn from it? D.P. Wilkinson 1,3, W. Merida 2,3 1 st Workshop : Durability and Degradation Issues in PEM Electrolysis Cells and its Components Fraunhofer ISE, Freiburg, Germany (March 12 th - 13 th, 2013) 1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, UBC 2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, UBC 3. Clean Energy Research Centre (CERC), UBC
2 Presentation Overview Introduction Examples of PEMFC durability and degradation issues In-situ diagnostic techniques Spatial diagnostics Accelerated stress tests Closing remarks / summary
3 PEM Fuel Cell Research Closely Related to PEM Electrolysis Many PEM fuel cell advances applicable to PEM electrolysis Some related areas between the PEM fuel cell and PEM electrolysis: Electrolysis anode has similar requirements to PEMFC anode in cell reversal (fuel starvation) More durable and less expensive PEM membranes required 2 phase PEMFC cathode/flow field similar to 2-phase PEM electrolysis anode/flow field PEMFC anode/ flow field similar to PEM electrolysis cathode/flow field Bipolar stacked flat plate approach similar in both cases Air bleed on PEMFC anode for reformate compared with O 2 crossover to PEM electrolysis cathode Diagnostics and failure / durability testing similar for the PEM fuel cell and PEM electrolysis Etc, etc
4 Lifetime Issues Operational conditions, materials and design affect fuel cell lifetime Some key operational areas include: Low humidification High/excess humidification Low reactant flows High temperature Low temperature Fuel composition Current density etc
5 Failure Modes (Low Humidity) Low humidity Dehydration Resistance increase Increases cross-over Membrane pinhole development Knights, Wilkinson et al, J. Power Sources, 127, pp (2004)
6 Low humidity and hot spots can lead to failures such as shorting and membrane holes (gas crossover detection by IR) Gas crossover site Wilkinson, Lamont : US patent 5,763, 765 (1998) Cell 4b Stack 033
7 Failure Modes (Flooding) Inlet Reactants Flooding Cell Temperature = 75 o C High current issue Mass transport issues Purging required Cell design important
8 Effect of Cell Design for Water Management on Degradation µv/h Average cell voltage (V) operation with a temperature rise, Mk513 8 cell stack, air/h 2, 2/1.5 stoichiometry, 3.04/3.04 atma, internal humidifier, 75 C coolant inlet, 85 C coolant outlet, Acm µv/h 0.45 isothermal operation, Mk5 single cell, air/h 2, 2/1.5 stoichiometry, 3.04/3.04 atma, internal humidifier, 80 C, Acm Time (h) Pierre, Wilkinson et al J. New Materials for Electrochemical Systems,3, pp (2000)
9 Failure Modes (Low Reactant Stoichiometry) Fuel Oxidant Normal reaction: 2H 2 4H + + 4e - In absence of H 2 and depending on potential: H 2 O 1/2 O 2 + 2H + + 2e - (E o 25 o C = V vs. NHE) H + O 2 + 4H + + 4e - H 2 O C + 2H 2 O CO 2 + 2H + + 4e - (E o 25 o C = V vs. NHE) e - Anode e - Cathode Thomas, Hudson, Wilkinson, Electrocatalyst Stability and the Role of Fuel Starvation and Cell Reversal Tolerant Anodes : ECS Transactions 1 (8) 67 (2006)
10 Currents consumed generating O 2 and CO 2 for fuel cell undergoing fuel starvation
11 Enhanced water supply at anode sustains water electrolysis during fuel starvation reversal
12 Extended fuel starvation reversal at 200 ma / cm 2 with different catalyst compositions and structures Anode Catalyst: 20% Pt/ / 10% Ru on Shawinigan Anode catalyst + 20% RuO 2, IrO 2 (Ru 0.9 Ir 0.1 ) / Shawinigan Anode catalyst + 20% RuO 2 / Shawinigan Anode catalyst + 20% RuO 2, TiO 2 (Ru 0.9 Ti 0.1 ) / Shawinigan Anode catalyst Wilkinson, Knights et al, US Patents: 6,527,943 (2003) ; 6,936,370 (2005), etc
13 Degradation of carbon catalyst support and other carbon components during fuel starvation When Pt anode catalyst is supported on carbon, degradation can occur due to loss of catalyst support. In addition to the O 2 evolution reaction, C oxidation can occur: C + 2H 2 O CO 2 + 4H + + 4e - Degradation of carbon Loss of Pt/Ru Knights, Wilkinson et al, J. Power Sources, 127, pp (2004)
14 Average stack performance recovery vs time spent in fuel starvation reversal 7 7 Performance (mv) 6 5 Pulse Set 1 Pulse Set 2 Pulse Set 3 Pulse Set 4 Pulse Set 5 Pulse Set 6 Pulse Set 7 Pulse Set 8 Pulse Set 9 Pulse Set Degradation In Performance 4 Baseline Cell Reversal Tolerant Recovery Time (min)
15 In-Situ PEM Cell Diagnostics for Durability and Degradation Ideal approach should target: As many failure modes as possible Be specific to as many components as possible Flow field Membrane Electrodes Etc Very low invasiveness Low cost Provide accelerated insight into mechanism(s), i.e., predict longer term issues
16 Reference Electrodes E a E c Fully hydrated hydrogen at constant conditions 1. O.E. Herrera, W. Mérida, and D.P. Wilkinson. "Sensing Electrodes for Failure Diagnostics in Fuel Cells." Journal of Power Sources 190, (2009). 2. O.E. Herrera, W. Mérida, and D.P. Wilkinson. "New reference approach for fuel cell performance evaluation." Transactions of the Electrochemical Society 16(2), (2008).
17 Anodic and Cathodic Component Overpotentials O. Herrera, D. Wilkinson, W. Mérida. Electrode overpotentials and temperature profiles in a PEMFC. Journal of Power Sources. 198, (2011).
18 Anodic and Cathodic Overpotential Ratios (effect of different operating conditions) Activation Ohmic η / η0 Concentration Mass Transport
19 In-Situ Half Cell Electrochemistry for Electrode/Catalyst Evaluation LOAD Example CVs after Lifetime Testing e - e - PtRu Anode after 50 hours operation CO 2 /H 2 O H 2 H + H + / H 2 PtRu Anode after >5000 Hour Operation CO / H 2 O H 2 i (A) - ELECTRODE (PtRu) + ELECTRODE (Pt) POLYMER MEMBRANE (PEM) E (mv vs H 2 electrode) CO Stripping Voltammetry for Catalyst Surface Area (CO + H 2 O CO 2 + 2H + + 2e - )
20 Impedance Analysis for Failure / Degradation Analysis Low Humidity Failure Mode Flooding Failure Mode Z"/Ω cm j = 0.1 A cm -2 T stack = 70 o C E cell /V Drying time/min t o a b j/a cm -2 c d e f g h Z"/Ω cm Normal Flooded E cell /V j = A cm -2 T stack = 70 o C Time/hours b a j/a cm -2-2 f e a b c d h t 0 o g Z'/Ω cm ~ 1 khz ~ 50 Hz a Z'/Ω cm 2 b W. Mérida, An Empirical Model for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Diagnostics, Electrochemical Society Transactions 5(1), (2007).
21 Performance Losses from Tri-Oxidant Polarization (O 2 (21%)/N 2, O 2 (21%)/He, O 2 (100%)) : D (O 2 /He) / D(O 2 /N 2 ) ~ 3; D(O 2 )D(O 2 /N 2 )~ 7 Multi-component gas analysis (experimental and theoretical analysis) (J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 141, No.8, August 1994, pp ; ibid., pp )
22 2-Phase Flow Analysis in PEM Based Cells Diagnostic tools to understand two-phase flow and flow distributions in PEMFC flow fields Provides better solutions for water management in PEMFCs This approach can be applied to PEM electrolysis H 2 O (l) = 1/2O 2 + 2H + + 2e - 1. R. Anderson, D.P. Wilkinson et al, A critical review of two-phase flow in gas flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, J. Power Sources 195 (2010) R. Anderson, D.P. Wilkinson et al, Two-phase flow pressure drop hysteresis in parallel channels of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, J. Power Sources 195 (2010) L.Zhang, D.P. Wilkinson et al, Gas-liquid two-phase flow behavior in minichannels bounded with permeable walls, Chem. Eng. Sci., (2011)
23 Anode Purge Diagnostic based on Anode Water Removal Normal Operation Anode Water Removal Water Concentration Profile Cathode Anode Cathode Water Concentration Profile Anode 1.2 Water Production ( ) Electro-osmotic Drag + Back Diffusion Water Production ( ) Electro-osmotic Drag + Back Diffusion Standard Cell Anode Water Removal = Net Flux = Net Flux V (V) 0.6 Membrane Membrane Test Conditions: 4.40 atm a Air and Hydrogen Inlet, 70 o C Cell Temperature, Stoichiometric Flow 2.0 Air (both cells) Wilkinson et al, Electrochimica Acta, 40, pp (1995) 2. Blanco, Wilkinson et al, Int. J. of Hydrogen Energy, (2012) i (Acm -2 )
24 In-Situ Characterization and Diagnostics at UBC Challenges by regions or components Spatial resolution Concurrent techniques impedance, electrochemical techniques anode water removal, transient operating conditions, etc High throughput (combinatorial analysis) Material performance and degradation
25 Spatially resolved current distribution mapping in an operating fuel cell using segmented cells UBC Fuel Cell: 4 x 4 segmentation over 50 cm 2 J. Stumper, D.P. Wilkinson et al, Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 43, No.24, 3373 (1998)
26 Spatially resolved current distribution mapping in an operating fuel cell using fully isolated subcells J. Stumper, D.P. Wilkinson et al, Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 43, No.24, 3373 (1998)
27 Effect of Failure Mode Conditions on Sensing Electrodes (example for sensing external to active area) 21 Fuel in Fuel out Differences of SEs at different conditions while REs remain constant O.E. Herrera, W. Mérida, and D.P. Wilkinson. "Sensing Electrodes for Failure Diagnostics in Fuel Cells." Journal of Power Sources 190, (2009).
28 Accelerated Fuel Cell Testing and Product Life Voltage cycling Accelerated Stress Parameters voltage, current density temperature humidification reactant concentration catalyst loading Etc, etc
29 Transient Testing for Accelerated Performance Degradation (e.g., cell voltage reversal testing) 10 Performance Degradation Degredation vs. vs. Time Time Spent Spent in Reversal in Reversal Average Voltage (V) Each cycle:30 x 10 sec reversal pulses at 200 ma/cm 2 Baseline 40/20 Pt/Ru/Shaw in PTFE Cell Reversal Tolerant Catalyst Time (min) Baseline Catalyst
30 1 Accelerated Spatially Resolved Stress Testing Gradients in operating conditions allow accelerated testing because of enhanced sensitivity in some regions A variety of in situ characterization techniques can be applied and spatially determined Dynamic/transient spatially resolved measurements Water transport Current density, etc reference electrode anode segment electrolyte Current density/a cm Row Column 4 1
31 Parameter Change as a Result of In-plane Gradients Inlet Outlet Dimensionless oxygen concentration, temperature, and relative humidity profiles across a PEMFC flow field, x = dimensionless distance D.P. Wilkinson and J. St. Pierre, J. Power Sources, 113, pp (2003)
32 Increased Sensitivity with Lower Reactant Concentration Cell inlet reactant concentration decreased Effect of stoichiometry on concentration gradient 1.0 ν Ο = Mass Transport Loss and Sensitivity Increases c O /c O (0) X Sensitivity Increases
33 Increased sensitivity to operating parameters H2 Stoichiometry Sensor Cell Response Voltage response of other cells in stack Cell Voltage (V) Sensor cell voltage response 4 runs, different rates of flow change Early detection of out of range operating conditions or degradation Wilkinson et al, US Patent 6,673,480 (2004) H2 Stoichiometry
34 Summary Many diagnostics and failure/durability testing methods for the PEM fuel cell are applicable to PEM electrolysis In-situ PEM cell diagnostics can have low invasiveness and provide specific component and mechanistic information More sensitive operating conditions and transients can be used to provide accelerated test information Spatially resolved measurements can provide an important accelerated test platform for operating conditions component materials and designs
35 Wilkinson Electro/Photo-Chemical Research Group (since 2004) Fuel Cell and Battery Research New materials and new approaches Technology simplification New catalysis approaches Failure modes, durability, and accelerated testing methods Clean Energy Research Electrochemical approaches to clean energy and clean water CO 2 reduction and solar fuels Hydrogen production and storage Photochemical & Photoelectrochemical hydrogen production Advanced electrolysis Metal and chemical hydrides Water treatment Some Wilkinson Group Research Members Sources of Funding: NSERC NRC CMC PICS CRC CFI WED Industry
36 Thank You! Questions? We have not inherited this world from our parents, but we have it on loan from our children - Native British Columbia Haida Quote
Danish Power Systems. Progress in HT-PEM fuel cells F-Cell, Stuttgart 30 th Sep Hans Aage Hjuler and Thomas Steenberg
Danish Power Systems Progress in HT-PEM fuel cells F-Cell, Stuttgart 30 th Sep. 2013 Hans Aage Hjuler and Thomas Steenberg Outline Introduction MEA performance Durability Summary The two Danish test windmills
More informationAppendix A: Parameters that Used to Model PEM Fuel Cells
Appendix A: Parameters that Used to Model PEM Fuel Cells Name Value Description L 0.06[m] Cell 1ength H_ch 1e-3[m] Channel height W_ch 9.474e-3[m] Channel width W_rib 9.0932e-3[m] Rib width H_gdl 640e-6[m]
More informationDegradation of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Under Freeze Start-up Operation
Degradation of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Under Freeze Start-up Operation by Christopher Rea A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for
More informationTWO-PHASE FLOW IN ANODE INTERDIGITAL FLOW BED OF A LIQUID FED DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL. Abstract
TWO-PHASE FLOW IN ANODE INTERDIGITAL FLOW BED OF A LIQUID FED DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL H Guo, J L Jia, J Kong, F Ye, C F Ma College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology,
More informationWater Transport through a Proton-Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Operating near Ambient Conditions: Experimental and Modeling Studies
Energy & Fuels 2009, 23, 397 402 397 Water Transport through a Proton-Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Operating near Ambient Conditions: Experimental and Modeling Studies D. S. Falcão, C. M. Rangel,
More informationFUEL CELL DIAGNOSTICS FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION
FUEL CELL DIAGNOSTICS FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION DR. SEBASTIAN KIRSCH, DR. MAREN RAMONA KIRCHHOFF 13TH INT. AVL SYMPOSIUM ON PROPULSION DIAGNOSTICS BADEN-BADEN 26.06.2018 ZOOMING INTO A FUEL CELL SYSTEM
More informationTHE EFFECT OF CURRENT DENSITY PEMFC TO WATER LIQUID FORMATION IN CATHODE
THE EFFECT OF CURRENT DENSITY PEMFC TO WATER LIQUID FORMATION IN CATHODE Mulyazmi Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bung Hatta Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia E-Mail: mulyazmi@yahoo.com
More informationHydrogen sulfide poisoning and recovery of PEMFC Pt-anodes
Journal of Power Sources 165 (2007) 814 818 Short communication Hydrogen sulfide poisoning and recovery of PEMFC Pt-anodes Weiyu Shi a,b, Baolian Yi a, Ming Hou a,, Fenning Jing a, Pingwen Ming a a Fuel
More informationINVESTIGATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL STABILITY OF THE CATALYSTS AND CATALYST SUPPORTS FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION IN PEMFC.
INVESTIGATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL STABILITY OF THE CATALYSTS AND CATALYST SUPPORTS FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION IN PEMFC. PROPERTIES OF MESOPOROUS TITANIA BASED PLATINUM CATALYST FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION. Victor Multanen
More informationVISUALIZATION STUDY OF CATHODE FLOODING WITH DIFFERENT OPERATING CONDITIONS IN A PEM UNIT FUEL CELL
Proceedings of FUELCELL2005 Third International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology May 23-25, 2005, Ypsilanti, Michigan FUELCELL2005-74113 VISUALIZATION STUDY OF CATHODE FLOODING
More informationFuel Cell Performance Augmentation: Gas Flow Channel Design for Fuel Optimization
Copyright 2009 Tech Science Press FDMP, vol.5, no.4, pp.399-409, 2009 Fuel Cell Performance Augmentation: Gas Flow Channel Design for Fuel Optimization A. B.Mahmud Hasan 1,2, S.M.Guo 1 and M.A.Wahab 1
More informationExperimental Analyses of Cell Voltages for a Two-cell PEM Stack Under Various Operating Conditions
Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 35, No. 7, pp. 88~890, 0(ISSN 6-9549) http://dx.doi.org/0.596/jkosme.0.35.7.88 Experimental Analyses of Cell Voltages for a Two-cell PEM Stack
More informationCHARACTERIZATION OF AUTOMOTIVE FUEL CELLS
CHARACTERIZATION OF AUTOMOTIVE FUEL CELLS Dietmar Gerteisen, Ulf Groos, Stefan Keller, Nada Zamel Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE October 7th, 2014 F-Cell 2014, Stuttgart www.h2-ise.de
More informationMATERIAL CHALLENGES FOR PEM FUEL CELLS AND ELECTROLYSERS Degradation mitigation and cost reduction
MATERIAL CHALLENGES FOR PEM FUEL CELLS AND ELECTROLYSERS Degradation mitigation and cost reduction Magnus Thomassen Senior Scientist, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry PEM fuel cell status and cost 2 https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/review15/fc018_james_2015_o.pdf
More informationZentrum für BrennstoffzellenTechnik GmbH Influence of operation strategies on the life time of PEM fuel cells
Zentrum für BrennstoffzellenTechnik GmbH Influence of operation strategies on the life time of PEM fuel cells Dr.-Ing. Peter Beckhaus, head of group fuel cells and systems F-Cell, Stuttgart, 30.09.-02.10.2013
More informationDYNAMIC SIMULATION OF A PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS
DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF A PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS R. A. Rabbani 1 and M. Rokni 2 1. Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; email: raar@mek.dtu.dk
More informationEffect of Mass Flow Rate and Temperature on the Performance of PEM Fuel Cell: An Experimental Study
Research Article International Journal of Engineering and Technology ISSN 2277-4106 2013 INPRESSCO. All Rights Reserved. Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Effect of Mass Flow Rate and Temperature
More informationPEM Water Electrolysis - Present Status of Research and Development
PEM Water Electrolysis - Present Status of Research and Development Review Lecture Session HP.3d Tom Smolinka Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE 18 th World Hydrogen Energy Conference 2010
More informationSTAYERS FCH-JU Stationary PEM fuel cells with lifetimes beyond five years. Jorg Coolegem Nedstack fuel cell technology
STAYERS Stationary PEM fuel cells with lifetimes beyond five years FCH-JU 256721 Programme Review Day 2011 Brussels, 28 November Jorg Coolegem Nedstack fuel cell technology 0. Project description Stationary
More informationFuel Cell Technology
Fuel Cell Technology 1. Technology overview 2. Fuel cell performance 3. Fuel cell systems 4. Sample calculations 5. Experiment using PEM cell Goal: To provide a better understanding of the fuel cell technology,
More informationPEMFCs CO Tolerance and Direct Methanol Operation
PEMFCs CO Tolerance and Direct Methanol Operation J. M. Fenton 11/20/02 1 Cross Section of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell 2 Performance Characteristics of a Fuel Cell 3 Cell Voltage (V) Polarization
More informationPEMFC Lifetime and Durability an overview. Thessaloniki, September Frank de Bruijn
PEMFC Lifetime and Durability an overview Thessaloniki, September 21 2011 Frank de Bruijn PEMFC in real life 2007 Passenger vehicle: 2,375 hrs operated on 1 stack Daimler in DoE programme 2011 City Bus
More informationCOMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODEL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL WITHOUT EXTERNAL HUMIDIFICATION
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODEL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL WITHOUT EXTERNAL HUMIDIFICATION Željko Penga, Frano Barbir Faculty of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering
More informationINVESTIGATION OF RUTHENIUM DISSOLUTION IN ADVANCED MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLIES FOR DIRECT METHANOL BASED FUEL CELL STACKS
10.1149/1.2214500, copyright The Electrochemical Society INVESTIGATION OF RUTHENIUM DISSOLUTION IN ADVANCED MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLIES FOR DIRECT METHANOL BASED FUEL CELL STACKS T. I. Valdez 1, S. Firdosy
More informationSecond Generation PEM Fuel Cells and the Indirect Reduction of Oxygen
Second Generation PEM Fuel Cells and the Indirect Reduction of Oxygen Trevor Davies, University of Chester FCH2 2015, 21 st May 2015 PEM Fuel Cell Market Predictions Outline Conventional PEM fuel cells
More informationFault Detection in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells by Variable Behavior Analysis
Int. J. Mech. Eng. Autom. Volume 1, Number 3, 2014, pp. 182-192 Received: May 27, 2014; Published: September 25, 2014 International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fault Detection in Polymer
More informationSupporting information
Supporting information Low-Cost and Durable Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers P. Lettenmeier 1, R. Wang 2, R. Abouatallah 2, B. Saruhan 3, O. Freitag 3, P. Gazdzicki 1, T. Morawietz
More informationPEM Fuel Cell Accelerated Stress Tests and Durability Test Protocols. October 2014
PEM Fuel Cell Accelerated Stress Tests and Durability Test Protocols October 2014 Membrane Chemical Stability Kunz & Fenton (UConn) USFCC (DuPont) U.S. Drive Fuel Cell Tech Team W.L. Gore & Associates
More informationEfficient Use of Energy Converting Applications. Nadine Jacobs
Efficient Use of Energy Converting Applications Agenda Introduction NEXT ENERGY EURECA Principal objectives Research areas Test protocols Stacktest Stadardisation DEMMEA Degradation Mechanisms in HT-PEM
More informationDEGRADATION AND RELIABILITY MODELLING OF POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE (PEM) FUEL CELLS. Michael Fowler
DEGRADATION AND RELIABILITY MODELLING OF POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE (PEM) FUEL CELLS Michael Fowler mfowler@uwaterloo.ca OUTLINE Introduction to Fuel Cell Technology Endurance Run of a Single Cell Reliability
More informationNumerical Studies of PEM Fuel Cell with Serpentine Flow-Field for Sustainable Energy Use
Numerical Studies of PEM Fuel Cell with Serpentine Flow-Field for Sustainable Energy Use Sang-Hoon Jang 1, GiSoo Shin 1, Hana Hwang 1, Kap-Seung Choi 1, Hyung-Man Kim 1,* 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering
More informationProceedings of the 14th International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON 10), Cairo University, Egypt, December 19-21, 2010, Paper ID 217.
Proceedings of the 14th International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON 10), Cairo University, Egypt, December 19-21, 2010, Paper ID 217. Modeling and Analysis of a PEM Fuel cell for Electrical
More informationEffect of water transport properties on a PEM fuel cell operating with dry hydrogen
Electrochimica Acta 51 (2006) 6361 6366 Effect of water transport properties on a PEM fuel cell operating with dry hydrogen Yinghua Cai a,b, Jun Hu a, Haipeng Ma a,b, Baolian Yi a,, Huamin Zhang a a Fuel
More informationAST PROTOCOLS FOR PEM WATER ELECTROLYIS : INSIGHT ON PERFORMANCES AND COMPONENTS DEGRADATION
AST PROTOCOLS FOR PEM WATER ELECTROLYIS : INSIGHT ON PERFORMANCES AND COMPONENTS DEGRADATION Fuel Cells & Electrolyzers Battery Solar Biomass 2 EXPERIMENTAL RESOURCES AT DIFFERENT SCALES 3 CONTEXT High
More informationParametric Study of the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electrochemical Model
1 Parametric Study of the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electrochemical Model EnePro Conference June 3rd, 29 Department of Process and Environmental Engineering 2 Background Hydrogen production for fuel cells by
More informationMICRO FUEL CELLS for MOBILE POWER Thermal Management in Fuel Cells
Thermal Management in Fuel Cells Jennifer Brantley Mechanical Engineer UltraCell Corporation 2/29/08 2/29/08 MEPTEC Thermal Symposium Session 4: Green 1 Agenda What is a Fuel Cell? Why Fuel Cells? Types
More informationSynthesis and Evaluation of Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells
Synthesis and Evaluation of Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells Jingguang Chen Center for Catalytic Science and Technology (CCST) Department of Chemical Engineering University of Delaware Newark, DE 19711
More informationSecond Act Simulation, statistics and Experiments Coupled to develop Optimized and Durable µchp systems using ACcelerated Tests (GA )
Second Act Simulation, statistics and Experiments Coupled to develop Optimized and Durable µchp systems using ACcelerated Tests (GA 621216) Sylvie Escribano CEA Liten, Grenoble, France www.second-act.eu
More informationReport On Adsorption/Desorption Studies of CO on PEM Electrodes Using Cyclic Voltammetry. Sethuraman, Vijay Anand
Report On Adsorption/Desorption Studies of CO on PEM Electrodes Using Cyclic Voltammetry Sethuraman, Vijay Anand I. AIM: The aim of this study is to calculate the adsorption and desorption rate constants
More informationWATER AND HEAT MANAGEMENT FOR IMPROVED PERFORMANCE OF PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS
UNIVERSITY OF SPLIT FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND NAVAL ARCHITECTURE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING POSTGRADUATE STUDIES DOCTORAL QUALIFYING EXAM WATER AND HEAT MANAGEMENT FOR IMPROVED
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Effect of water electrolysis catalysts on carbon corrosion in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells Sang-Eun Jang, Hansung Kim* Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
More informationDynamic Characteristics of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Maohai Wang 1 Hang Guo Chongfang Ma Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation Key Lab of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing
More informationPRODUCTION OF A QUALIFIED POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY FOR EMERGING COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS
PRODUCTION OF A QUALIFIED POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY FOR EMERGING COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS Simon Cleghorn W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. 201 Airport Road Elkton, Maryland 21921
More informationDevelopment of Composite Bipolar Plates for PEMFC
Development of Composite Bipolar Plates for PEMFC 1. Introduction Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a very promising power source for residential and mobile applications with its favorable
More informationA Parametric Study of Stack Performance for a 4.8kW PEM Fuel Cell Stack. A thesis presented to. the faculty of
A Parametric Study of Stack Performance for a 4.8kW PEM Fuel Cell Stack A thesis presented to the faculty of the Russ College of Engineering and Technology of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of
More informationInfluence of Pressure Drop in PEM Fuel Cell Stack on the Heat and Mass Balances in 100 kw Systems
Influence of Pressure Drop in PEM Fuel Cell Stack on the Heat and Mass Balances in 100 kw Systems Outline Introduction Motivation Methodof Analysis Results and Discussion Conclusions PEM Fuel Cell Introduction
More informationDuPont Next Generation Membrane and Membrane Electrode Assembly Development
DuPont Next Generation Membrane and Membrane Electrode Assembly Development Providing Clean Energy Solutions in PEM Fuel Cell Applications Deepak Perti Global Technology Manager FC EXPO 2009 February 25-27
More informationMicro Fuel Cells Potential
Mech 549 Nov. 6, 2007 Micro Fuel Cells Potential Longer Duration for equivalent weight & volume Energy Density Instant Charge Flat Discharge Low Self-Discharge Little Short-circuit protection required
More informationPremium Act (n ) First periodic report. Publishable summary. Improvement of of stationary PEFC PEFC systems durability (40000h 80% % Load
Premium Act (n 56776) First periodic report Publishable summary! Premium Act PREMIUM ACT Improvement of of stationary PEFC PEFC systems durability (4h (4h required!) required!) A A reliable reliable method
More informationRecent Advances in PEM Water Electrolsyis First International Workshop on Endurance and Degradation Issues in PEM Electrolysis
Recent Advances in PEM Water Electrolsyis First International Workshop on Endurance and Degradation Issues in PEM Electrolysis Joseph Cargnelli, Bernd Evers jcargnelli@hydrogenics.com bevers@hydrogenics.com
More informationModeling of HTPEM Fuel Cell Start-Up Process by Using Comsol Multiphysics
Modeling of HTPEM Fuel Cell Start-Up Process by Using Comsol Multiphysics Y. Wang *1,2, J. Kowal 1,2 and D. U. Sauer 1,2,3 1 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Group, Institute for Power
More informationCARBON DIOXIDE POISONING ON PROTON-EXCHANGE-MEMBRANE FUEL CELL ANODES
ECN-RX--05-073 CARBON DIOXIDE POISONING ON PROTON-EXCANGE-MEMBRANE FUEL CELL ANODES G.J.M. Janssen N.P. Lebedeva Presented at the Conference: Fuel Cells Science and Technology 2004, 6-7 October 2004, Munich,
More informationProgramme Review Day 2012 Brussels, 28 & 29 November
http://www.fch-ju.eu/ Programme Review Day 2012 Brussels, 28 & 29 November Fuel Cells and ydrogen Joint Undertaking DEMMEA (245156) Understanding the Degradation Mechanisms of Membrane Electrode Assembly
More informationPortfolio Department Fuel Cell Fraunhofer ISE
Portfolio Department Fuel Cell Systems @ Fraunhofer ISE Photo: Joscha Feuerstein Our R&D focus is on PEM fuel cells and systems 0 Some facts and figures 1 Development 2 Modelling and Simulation 3 Characterization
More informationThe flow-field pattern Optimization of the Bipolar Plate for PEMFC Considering the Nonlinear Material
Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 10 (2015) 2564-2579 International Journal of ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE www.electrochemsci.org The flow-field pattern Optimization of the Bipolar Plate for PEMFC Considering the
More informationS. Authayanun 1 and A. Arpornwichanop 2 1
S. Authayanun 1 and A. Arpornwichanop 2 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
More informationMEA Degradation and Failure Modes in PEM Fuel Cells
E Degradation and Failure odes in PE Fuel ells R.. Silva, T.I. Paiva,.. Rangel INETI, Electroquímica de ateriais, Paço do Lumiar, 22 1649-039 Lisboa Portugal raquel.silva@ineti.pt; teresa.paiva@ineti.pt;
More informationSchottky Tunnel Contacts for Efficient Coupling of Photovoltaics and Catalysts
Schottky Tunnel Contacts for Efficient Coupling of Photovoltaics and Catalysts Christopher E. D. Chidsey Department of Chemistry Stanford University Collaborators: Paul C. McIntyre, Y.W. Chen, J.D. Prange,
More informationFuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH JU)
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH JU) Project number: 303445 Stack-Test WP2: Application oriented functional / performance Test Program validation report including Test Program revision D2.2
More informationSimulation effect of operating temperature on performance of PEMFC based on serpentine flow field design
Simulation effect of operating temperature on performance of PEMFC based on serpentine flow field design Pham Hoa Binh, Doan Cong Thanh Department of Automobile Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry,
More informationProgress in the Understanding of PEFC Degradation related to Liquid Water interactions
Progress in the Understanding of PEFC Degradation related to Liquid Water interactions K. Andreas Friedrich, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Technical Thermodynamics Outline Introduction to
More informationMembrane and Bipolar Plates Materials for Regenerative Fuel Cells
Membrane and Bipolar Plates Materials for Regenerative Fuel Cells Salwan S.Dihrab, K. Sopian and A. Zaharim Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) University Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi, Selangor MALAYSIA
More informationProgramme Review Day Brussels, 28 & 29 November. Premium Act
/1 PREdictive Modelling for Innovative Unit Management and ACcelerated Testing procedures of PEFC (256776) Sylvie Escribano CEA Duration: from 3/211 to 2/214 Total budget: 5 37 19 - FCH contribution: 2
More informationPEM fuel cell geometry optimisation using mathematical modeling
Int. Jnl. of Multiphysics Volume 2 Number 3 2008 313 PEM fuel cell geometry optimisation using mathematical modeling Elena Carcadea 1, Ioan Stefanescu 2, Roxana E. Ionete 3, Horia Ene 4, Derek B. Ingham
More informationDynamic water management of an open-cathode self-humidified PEMFC system
Dynamic water management of an open-cathode self-humidified PEMFC system Doctoral Candidate: Director: Maria Serra i Prat Jordi Riera i Colomer Tutor: Assensi Oliva i Llena Thermal Engineering Department
More informationA THEORETICAL SIMULATION OF A PEM FUEL CELL WITH 4-SERPENTINE FLOW CHANNEL
A THEORETICAL SIMULATION OF A PEM FUEL CELL WITH 4-SERPENTINE FLOW CHANNEL B.Sreenivasulu a,*, S.V.Naidu b, V.Dharma Rao c, G.Vasu d a Department of Chemical Engineering,G.V.P College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam
More informationProf. Mario L. Ferrari
Sustainable Energy Mod.1: Fuel Cells & Distributed Generation Systems Dr. Ing. Mario L. Ferrari Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) - DiMSET University of Genoa, Italy Lesson IV: fuel cells (PEFC or PEM)
More informationDetermination of acceptable contaminant levels for PEM fuel cell stacks and poisoning mitigation strategies
Determination of acceptable contaminant levels for PEM fuel cell stacks and poisoning mitigation strategies Master of Science Thesis in the Master Degree Program Applied Physics AGNES ENGSTRÖM Department
More informationDesigning and Building Fuel Cells
Designing and Building Fuel Cells Colleen Spiegel Me Grauv Hill NewYork Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Foreword xii Chapter
More informationSongwut Nirunsin 1, *, and Yottana Khunatorn 1
The 23 rd Conference of the Mechanical Engineering Network of Thailand November 4 7, 29, Chiang Mai Quantification of Liquid Water Saturation in a Transparent Single-Serpentine Cathode Flow Channels of
More informationA3-Falcon: Advanced FC Analysis, Diagnostics and its Application
A3-Falcon: Advanced FC Analysis, Diagnostics and its Application A3PS Conference: Eco-Mobility 2014 Sean J. Ashton 2014 Intelligent Energy Limited The information in this document is the property of Intelligent
More informationExperimental investigation of dynamic responses of a transparent PEM fuel cell to step changes in cell current density with operating temperature
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 22 (2008) 2274~2285 Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology www.springerlink.com/content/1738-494x DOI 10.1007/s12206-008-0702-4 Experimental investigation
More information2 nd International Workshop on Degradation Issues of Fuel Cells Thessaloniki, Greece
Overview of the FP7 Project Results and Recommendations K. Andreas Friedrich 2 nd International Workshop on Degradation Issues of Fuel Cells Thessaloniki, Greece Degradation Workshop, Thessaloniki, 21
More informationIntegrated Electrochemical Thermal Ammonia Production Process
Integrated Electrochemical Thermal Ammonia Production Process Junhua Jiang, Ted Aulich, Alexey Ignatchenko, and Chris Zygarlicke, Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) University of North Dakota
More informationEffect of Operating Parameter on H2/CO2 Gas Separation using Electrochemical Cell
Effect of Operating Parameter on H2/CO2 Gas Separation using Electrochemical Cell Fung Yun Ru 1, Nurul Noramelya Zulkefli 2, Nur Yusra Mt Yusuf 3 and Mohd Shahbudin Masdar 4,* 1,2,3,4 Department of Chemical
More informationTemperature profiles of an air-cooled PEM fuel cell stack under active and passive cooling operation
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 41 (2012 ) 1735 1742 International Symposium on Robotics and Intelligent Sensors 2012 (IRIS 2012) Temperature profiles of an air-cooled PEM
More informationMass Transport Effects on Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide
Mass Transport Effects on Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide Tiek Aun Tan 1, Sara Yasina binti Yusuf 1 and Umi Fazara Muhd Ali 1 1 Universiti Malaysia Perlis Abstract: The electrochemical reduction of
More informationFuel Cells in Energy Technology (6) Werner Schindler Department of Physics Nonequilibrium Chemical Physics TU München summer term 2013
Fuel Cells in Energy Technology (6) Werner Schindler Department of Physics Nonequilibrium Chemical Physics TU München summer term 2013 Energy losses in a hydrogen economy Energy Losses in a Hydrogen Economy
More informationOn mass transport in an air-breathing DMFC stack
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH Int. J. Energy Res. 25; 29:141 15 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 1.12/er.1138 On mass transport in an air-breathing DMFC
More informationDecentralised distributed parameter model predictive control of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell for performance and durability enhancement
Decentralised distributed parameter model predictive control of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell for performance and durability enhancement Maria Sarmiento-Carnevali ac Maria Serra a Carles Batlle
More informationAnalysis of individual PEM fuel cell operating parameters for design of optimal measurement and control instrumentation. Davor Živko 1, Vedran Bilas 2
Analysis of individual PEM fuel cell operating parameters for design of optimal measurement and control instrumentation Davor Živko 1, Vedran Bilas 1 Koncar Electrical Engineering Institute, Fallerovo
More informationMETSAPP Metal supported SOFC technology for stationary and mobile applications (GA number )
METSAPP Metal supported SOFC technology for stationary and mobile applications (GA number 278257) Niels Christiansen Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S Project & Partnership General Overview Metal supported SOFC technology
More informationDurability of MEA Prepared with PFA-g-PSSA Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Durability of MEA Prepared with PFA-g-PSSA Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell D.-H. Peck, S. Kang, B.-R. Lee, D.-H. Jung This document appeared in Detlef Stolten, Thomas Grube (Eds.): 18th World Hydrogen
More informationMetal Plates: Challenges and Perspectives for PEM Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers
Pivotal Technologies for the New Energy Economy Today! Metal Plates: Challenges and Perspectives for PEM Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Gerald DeCuollo TreadStone Technologies, Inc. April 16, 2012 TreadStone
More informationHumidity Control of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)
Humidity Control of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Kevin C. Lauzze Donald J. Chmielewski Illinois Institute of Technology Outline Background and PEMFC Modeling Steady State Analysis Desired
More informationConstruction of Improved HT-PEM MEAs and Stacks for Long Term Stable Modular CHP Units. NEXT ENERGY EWE Forschungszentrum für Energietechnologie e.v.
FCH JU Grant Agreement number: 325262 Project acronym: CISTEM Project title: Construction of Improved HT-PEM MEAs and Stacks for Long Term Stable Modular CHP Units Work package: 2 - Materials beyond State
More informationPolymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell as a Hydrogen. Flow Rate Monitoring Device. S. Giddey* and S.P.S. Badwal. CSIRO Energy Technology
The final definitive version of this manuscript was published in Ionics. The final publication is available at www.springerlink.com http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11581-012-0757-1 Ionics short communication
More informationLoLiPEM - Long-life PEM-FCH &CHP systems at temperatures 100 C (FCH-JU - G.A )
LoLiPEM - Long-life PEM-FCH &CHP systems at temperatures 100 C (FCH-JU - G.A. 245339) Dr. Giuseppe BARBIERI National Research Council - Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR Via Pietro Bucci Cubo 17C,
More informationProject Final Report. Stack-Test
Project Final Report FCH JU Grant Agreement number: 303445 Stack-Test Development of PEM Fuel Cell Stack Reference Test Procedures for Industry Date of latest version of Annex I against which the assessment
More informationModeling and analysis of electrochemical hydrogen compression
Modeling and analysis of electrochemical hydrogen compression N.V. Dale 1,*, M. D. Mann 1, H. Salehfar 2, A. M. Dhirde 2, T. Han 2 Abstract One of the challenges to realizing the hydrogen economy is hydrogen
More informationI. Khazaee & M. Ghazikhani
Experimental Characterization and Correlation of a Triangular Channel Geometry PEM Fuel Cell at Different Operating Conditions I. Khazaee & M. Ghazikhani Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering ISSN
More informationThe Effect of Bi-Polar Plate and Membrane Materials On Water Transport in PEMFCs
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2013 The Effect of Bi-Polar Plate and Membrane Materials On Water Transport in PEMFCs Visarn Lilavivat University of South Carolina
More informationGENERAL CLASSIFICATION
GENERAL CLASSIFICATION M. OLIVIER marjorie.olivier@fpms.ac.be 19/05/2008 GENERAL CLASSIFICATION Type Electrolyte PEMFC DMFC DEFC PAFC AFC MCFC SOFC Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Direct methanol fuel
More informationElectroChem, Inc. Vision
ElectroChem, Inc. Vision ElectroChem, Inc. envisions a future where a sustainable global economy resides in harmony with a clean, healthful environment A Brief History 1986 ElectroChem is founded 1992
More informationJournal of Power Sources
Journal of Power Sources 187 (2009) 156 164 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Power Sources journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jpowsour Characterization of flooding and two-phase
More informationElectrochemical Energy Conversion Revised Roadmap
International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research 1 Electrochemical Energy Conversion Revised Roadmap June 2017 A World Premier Institute 2 Division Objective This division conducts fundamental
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL M. M. Mench, S. Boslet, S. Thynell, J. Scott, and C.Y. Wang The Electrochemical Engine Center Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering The Pennsylvania
More informationCONTROLLING PEM FUEL CELLS APPLYING A CONSTANT HUMIDITY TECHNIQUE
ABCM Symposium Series in Mechatronics - Vol. 3 - pp.774-783 Copyright c 2008 by ABCM CONTROLLING PEM FUEL CELLS APPLYING A CONSTANT HUMIDITY TECHNIQUE Luis A.M. Riascos Federal University of ABC r. Santa
More informationAn Introduction to Fuel Cells and Related Transport Phenomena
An Introduction to Fuel Cells and Related Transport Phenomena Matthew M. Mench, Chao-Yang Wang and Stefan T. Thynell Electrochemical Engine Center Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering The Pennsylvania
More informationSPIRAL-WOUND PEM FUEL CELLS FOR PORTABLE APPLICATIONS. T.J. Blakley, K.D. Jayne, and M.C. Kimble
SPIRAL-WOUND PEM FUEL CELLS FOR PORTABLE APPLICATIONS T.J. Blakley, K.D. Jayne, and M.C. Kimble MicroCell Technologies, LLC, 410 Great Rd, C-2, Littleton, MA 01460 Lighter weight and compact fuel cells
More information