YOUR WATER PARTNERS. Innovations in Desalination. Mark Lambert February, 2015

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1 YOUR WATER PARTNERS Innovations in Desalination Mark Lambert February,

2 Overall Agenda IDE Technologies Overview Carlsbad Desalination Plant Overview Common Objections to Desalination and How They Have Been Addressed 2

3 IDE Technologies Ltd Overview Winner of Desalination Plant of the Year GWI Award for Sorek Established Headquarters - Kadima, Israel Employees (1) Subsidiaries - China, India, USA, Europe Installed units in over 40 countries Ownership: (50%) (50%) (1) Including subsidiaries 3

4 Significant Global Presence Israel Spain Cyprus Italy Total Capacity: Total Capacity Total Capacity Total Capacity 1,207,000 m 3 /day 78,000 m 3 /day 125,000 m 3 /day 27,000 m 3 /day USA Total Capacity 2,000 m 3 /day Caribbean Total Capacity 106,000 m 3 /day Global Deployment 400 Plants 40 Countries 4 Decades 800 MGD China Total Capacity 200,000 m 3 /day India Total Capacity 198,000 m 3 /day Latin America Total Capacity 36,000 m 3 /day Australia Total Capacity 140,000 m 3 /day Central Asia Total Capacity 19,000 m 3 /day IDE Presence

5 Agenda Revisited IDE Technologies Overview Carlsbad Desalination Plant Overview Common Objections to Desalination and How They Have Been Addressed 5

6 Project Overview Carlsbad Desalination Project Location: 30 miles north of the City of San Diego, California Project Capacity: 54 million gallons per day Status: Construction 90% complete Technology: Reverse osmosis water treatment plant co-located with Encina Power Plant Total Capital: $922 million financing closed in 2012 Commercial Operations Date: Scheduled to be operational by August of 2015 Largest Seawater Desalination Plant in the Americas Accolades: Largest U.S. Project Financing Deal of 2012 North American Infrastructure Deal of the Year 2012 North American Water Deal of the Year 2012 Global Desalination Deal of the Year 2012

7 Carlsbad Desalination Project Mouth of Lagoon Outfall

8 Construction: January, 2015

9 Agenda Revisited IDE Technologies Overview Carlsbad Desalination Plant Overview Common Objections to Desalination and How They Have Been Addressed 9

10 So if desalination plants are so great, why don t we see more of them? 10

11 Common Issues and Objections re Desalination (what I hear in the market place) Footprint (takes up too much space) Energy Consumption (uses too much energy) Water Intake (where is the water coming from?) Brine Management (where does the waste stream go?) Time to Water (I need the water tomorrow!) Price of Water (it s too expensive) It s Eventually Going to Rain (so we will just wait) All of these issues, have already been resolved! (some examples) 11

12 Concerns Regarding Footprint: Innovation Example: vertical vs. horizontal (16 Vertical Membranes, Sorek) 16 Vertical design Standard 8 Horizontal design 12

13 Benefits- Vertical RO -16 Inch Significant Reduction of total Foot Print Horizontal Vertical Membrane Size 8 " 16" Number of Membrane per PV 8 8 Number of PVs per Train Number of Trains Number of PVs Number of PVs, equiv 8 " Total RO Area, m Specific Area per PV Total Foot Print Saving 32%

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16 Putting Desalination Energy Consumption in Perspective Kenmore 19 cu. ft. Bottom-Freezer Refrigerator - White SWRO Desalination Plant Imported Water in CA: SWP and MWD Kilowatt Hrs. per Year: ~448 Kilowatt Hrs. per Year: ~483/pp Kilowatt Hrs. per Year: ~SWP 336/pp ~MWD 224/pp (source: drain/edrain.pdf) 16

17 Concerns Regarding Energy Consumption Lanai Example Global model of environmental sustainability 100% wind and solar operated in association with a micro-grid Pumped hydro as a mechanism for energy storage 17

18 Concerns Regarding Energy Consumption IDE s Pressure Center Concept Minimizes Number of Pumps and Maximizes Motor Efficiency (RO ERS systems recover 95% of the energy in the brine) E R S P P M M P M Each RO bank no longer required its own pump and ERS. Invented and Implemented in Ashkelon, Hadera, Sorek and Carlsbad 18

19 Concerns Regarding Intake Sorek, Israel (150 MGD) 2.5 km of intake pipe using pipe jacking under nature reserve Lanai, Hawaii (10 MGD) Saline groundwater well deployed 2 km away from beach 19

20 Desalination Innovation Intake Design in Environmentally Sensitive Areas 2.5 km; D 3.1m 20

21 Intake Pipeline Suction Head + Air Bubbles for Jellyfish Rejection 21

22 Concerns Regarding Brine: Some Options Salt mining Recapture valuable minerals Aquatic Farming Brine shrimp to feed fish farm Oyster farming Fracking and Completion Fluids Avoids sourcing fresh water Power Generation (osmotic power) Forward Osmosis 22

23 End to-end Water Treatment Process to ZLD: Raw Water BWRO MVC Concentrator (if needed) Crystallizer Permeate Permeate/Distillate Up to ~70,000 ppm Up to 250, ,000 ppm 80%>Solids 23

24 Concerns Regarding Time to Water Packaged Plant Modular Design Prefabricated RO Plant 140K m3/day Cape-Preston, Australia Skid/Containerized Plants Manufacturing Shipyard, China MED Facility Erection, Reliance, India Track Record All Projects On Time and On Budget

25 Advantages of Modular Plant Design Design/ Engineering Site Development & Foundations Equipment Assembly/Erection/Interconnection Design/ Engineering Site Development & Foundations Module Installation/ Interconnection Reduced installation costs Equipment Assembly/Module Fabrication

26 Cape Preston Modular delivery SWRO Skid Delivered to Pre- Fabrication Yard SWRO Skid Installed within Membrane Building Module and Pressure Vessels Installed Membrane Building Module Ready for Transport

27 Modular Plant Design Pre-Treatment Foundation Pre-Cast Panels Panel and Underdrain Erection RO Media Installation Foundation RO Skid Installation Process Pumps and Pre-Spooled Piping 27

28 Bahamas 1996 Dhekelia 1997 Larnaca 1999 Taweelah A 1999 Trinidad 2000 Ashkelon 2001 Tuas 2003 Tampa Bay 2004 Skikda 2004 Hadera 2006 Cap Dijnet 2005 Chennai 2005 Shuweihat II 2008 Ad Dur 2008 Tenes 2008 Soreq 2009 Concerns Regarding Price of Water $ Blended pricing concept = lowest cost for water security Water Purchase Agreement shifts risk = lowest water price. When there is no water, how much would you pay for water? $0.75 $0.52 $0.57 $

29 It s Eventually Going to Rain Really? 29

30 Thank you 30