Comprehensive Workflow for Wireline Fluid Sampling in an Unconsolidated Formations Utilizing New Large Volume Sampling Equipment
|
|
- Bathsheba Simon
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 WHOC Comprehensive Workflow for Wireline Fluid Sampling in an Unconsolidated Formations Utilizing New Large Volume Sampling Equipment S. KVINNSLAND, M.BRUN TOTAL E&P Norge V.ACHOUROV, A.GISOLF Schlumberger This paper has been selected for presentation and/or publication in the proceedings for the 2011 World Heavy Oil Congress [WHOC11]. The authors of this material have been cleared by all interested companies/employers/clients to authorize dmg events (Canada) Ltd., the congress producer, to make this material available to the attendees of WHOC11 and other relevant industry personnel. Abstract Wireline formation testers (WFT) are well established in the industry, with many applications ranging from pressure profiling and PVT sampling to interval pressure transient testing and stress testing. This paper outlines how the latest WFT technologies are used to address key sampling limitations: acquiring PVT and especially large volume samples in the wells drilled with oil based mud (OBM) in unconsolidated formations. Such samples are very critical for flow assurance studies and production facilities design. While sampling from unconsolidated reservoirs, small solid sand particles can be produced from the formation. Depending on the pressure drawdown and level of the rock weakness, such sand production can lead to tool plugging before representative samples are taken. Cleaning action is then required which is time-consuming and results in interrupted flow periods. This makes filtrate clean up very difficult and it is particularly disruptive for large volume sampling. Technology developments used to address this problem include slow rate pumps, focused and large area probes and filters. New large volume sample chambers have also been developed. Successful utilization of these technologies, particularly in unconsolidated formation requires a comprehensive workflow. This paper describes such a workflow including an example of sampling in highly unconsolidated sand, saturated with biodegraded fluid. Several PVT sampling stations were required. Conventional welltesting was not planned, so about 70 liters of low contaminated oil were needed for various fluid studies. To obtain such a sample in an OBM well a long and uninterrupted flow period is needed. The first WFT configuration attempted included an ultra slow pump for PVT sampling. One of the acquired PVT samples was used for the on-site filtrate contamination analysis. This analysis helped to design the next run, which resulted in the first successful large volume sampling in OBM environment with the new WFT chambers. Introduction Precise and accurate knowledge of fluid properties (see Table 1), were essential for the decision on commingling production from the Hild filed in the North Sea. Reservoir description and Formation Testing and Sampling Objectives. 1
2 The discovery well of the Hild oil accumulation, 30/7-2, was drilled in The well encountered a gas cap overlaying a 20 meter oil column. The Frigg sands formation is relatively well known, both from the 30/7-2 well data and also from neighbor fields data (Frigg field and Nuggets). The reservoir is known to be high porous and high permeable unconsolidated sand. A DST was carried out in the oil zone and an oil sample was taken from the test separator for PVT analysis objectives in the well 30/7-2. The PVT analysis from 30/7-2 showed heavily bio-degraded 5 cp viscous oil with a API of 22 degree. No further fluid studies were done at the time (and no oil samples remains). Therefore uncertainties on the fluid characteristics remained. A Hild field development will include Frigg oil and Brent oil and condensate in the development design. With reference to the PVT analysis from the 30/7-2 well the nature of the Frigg oil characteristics and the degree of biodegradation were worrying with regards to the process design, flow assurance and export solutions. Therefore the TOTAL architects engineering group requested Geosciences group to provide oil from the Frigg oil accumulation for production chemistry studies. The critical issues for design were among others; crude assay and TAN value for oil & project valorization, viscosity and emulsion characteristics for process facilities and export routes, host and terminal screening etc. Further, the oil characterization was a key missing data for a potential combined Frigg oil and Brent gas development design where fluid compatibilities testing of the fluids from the two Hild field reservoirs (Brent and Frigg) were necessary to allow for commingled production. A general strategy was carved out for the Hild appraisal well. Main objective was to derisk the geosciences uncertainties on the deeper Brent reservoir where gas and condensate volumes representing possibly 80 % of a Hild field development. But the Frigg oil accumulation was decided as a secondary objective for the appraisal well and an attempt to meet the APP request with regards to oil sampling for production chemistry issues should be done. The well trajectory should, if feasible, be designed to allow traversing the ileocene Frigg sand formation within the oil pool without compromising the Brent well trajectory below. Further, in the context of Frigg oil being a secondary target in the overall Hild field strategy, the well design was to allow for wireline formation testing and sampling only in the Frigg reservoir. If the wireline formation testing and sampling failed in terms of the required sampling volumes in the Frigg reservoir due to the lack of sufficient oil column and/or sampling conditions (emulsions, mud contamination etc.) a dedicated well on Hild Frigg reservoir with a DST should subsequently be considered. Frigg fluids sampling requirements are shown in the Figure 1. Basic fluid analysis required three 450 cc PVT samples from three stations across the oil column, one station in the gas cap and one station in water zone in the Frigg reservoir to be taken with wireline formation tester. For the production chemistry analysis the requirement for sampling volumes was significantly higher, with 5 liters requested for the general production chemistry analysis, 10 liters for crude assay studies and 40 liters of oil from the Frigg reservoir for the specific dynamic separation test. All these volumes had to be taken from the middle of the oil column with the lowest possible contamination level. Normally such a samples are acquired from the surface separator during the DST testing and/or production testing. Historically such large volume sampling was not possible with wireline deployed sample chambers. Although there were large volume sample chambers available with wireline formation testers (with the volume about 22.7 liters) they were not designed to be placed in the flowline of wireline formation tester tool for low contamination sampling with use of downhole pump. However, large volume sample chambers have recently been developed that can be placed anywhere in the flowline stream of a wireline formation tester. They can be used with the standard probes and focused sampling probes. This allows the capture hydrocarbon samples that do not suffer from property changes brought on by mud filtrate contamination. Sampling from highly unconsolidated sand, saturated with heavy bi-degraded oil, requires detailed planning. This includes researching lessons learned from the past and exploring new technology solutions available. Field experience Field experience has shown that when sampling fluids from such formations, sand grains tend to become mobilized and flow with the fluids being sampled 1,2. When significant amount of solids and grain sands are mobilized it could result in plugging the formation tester probes, flowlines and downhole pumps. Multiple trips to surface might be required to clean or even replace equipment or equipment parts. There are two approaches to successful sampling in unconsolidated formation utilized in this paper; Prevention and mitigation. The first approach is to prevent solids mobilization by reducing the pressure drawdown that the formation is exposed to. The second approach, to mitigate the effects of mobilized solids, involves the use of various filter systems. This approach allows pumping of formation fluids long enough for mud filtrate levels to be 2
3 reduced to acceptable levels before plugging the formation tester filters. Technology/Solution Variety of Wireline Formation Tester modules used for sampling in unconsolidated sands is discussed in details in reference 1. As stated, prevention of solids mobilization could be achieved by reducing the pressure draw down the formation is exposed to. This can be achieved by increasing the inflow area of the probes. For any fixed rate flow through a permeable media, increasing the area open to flow will effectively decrease the differential pressure across that media. There are a large amount of probe sizes available in the industry. Many are detailed in the references 1-4. The range spans, but is not limited to, standard, large diameter, extra large diameter, focused, large area and elliptical probes. Drawdown can also be controlled by minimizing and controlling the flow rate generated by the pump. A formation tester pump module consists of an electric motor, a hydraulic pump and a displacement unit. To reduce the pump rate ranges, both the hydraulic pump and the displacement unit can be changed. References 1 and 2 details such available pump equipment, including standard, high pressure, extra high pressure and extra extra high pressure displacement units of variable displacement hydraulic pumps, fixed displacement and twostage hydraulic pumps. Correct selection of this equipment allows controlling the pump rate over the wide range. Mitigating measures against migration of solids consists of the use different probe filters and inline filter modules. Most of the previously mentioned probe barrels can be fitted with different sizes filters or even a gravel pack filter. In addition to this the Martineau probe contains a filter chamber behind the probe. Alternatively the filter can be removed from the probe altogether and an in-line filter can be placed between the probe and the pump. Again references 1 and 2 contains details of various options available. Sampling can be a time consuming operation at the best of times, but never more so then when large volumes of formation fluid are required from an unconsolidated sand environment in a well drilled with oil based mud. This is the case presented in this paper. Therefore managing the plugging risks is even more critical than normal. Clearly with such a wide range of equipment available for sanding prevention and mitigation measures, there is a need for a comprehensive workflow detailing what equipment to use for this environment and in what order. Comprehensive Workflow for Wireline Formation Testing and Fluid Sampling applied in the Hild well. In October 2009 an appraisal well in the Hild oilfield was surveyed in the Frigg reservoir using a wireline formation tester for pressure and mobility profiling, PVT sampling of gas and oil as well as for water sampling and large volume oil sampling. The unconsolidated Frigg reservoir is saturated with biodegradated oil with a gas cap on the top of the reservoir and water leg below the oil column. Full and comprehensive risk assessment, job design, and several contingency run options were made before the job and this led to successful operation. This required utilization of a large range of wireline formation testing and sampling technologies, along with the use of new large volume sample chambers to meet the sampling volume requirements. A comprehensive formation testing and sampling strategy workflow is shown on the figure 2. Wireline runs are enumerated on this plot in the following order. Run 1 (it is not shown on the workflow figure) contained petrophysical logs. Run 2 was for formation pressure and mobility profiling. Run 3 was for contingency pretesting and mainly designed for gas and oil PVT sampling as well as for water sampling. Run 4 was dedicated for the large volume oil sampling. The workflow generally consisted of the three runs with one or more contingencies for each run. The various contingency runs workflow can be read from figure 1. We will give details of the reasoning behind the workflow used. Pressure and mobility information will give an estimation of the fluid contacts and optimize the sampling depths. To minimize the long pumping time, sampling depths are ideally chosen close to the flow barriers, so the amount of filtrate flow could be minimized due to the decreased vertical permeability. The mobilities obtained will help to determine where the best mobility can be found and help balance this to the proximity of shoulder beds. Pressure testing Run 2 should also give an initial indication of the probe plugging. The pressure testing and mobility profiling run was planned with two standard probe modules one conventional and one large diameter probe. The smaller standard probe might seal better, but the larger area of the large diameter probe will have less chance of plugging. If the probes in this run all plug, there is a contingent Run 3, combined with PVT and water sampling that will be used to aquire the remaining pretests. These contingent probes included an extra large probe to reduce draw downs and a Martineau probe to filter formations fines. Run 3 was planned for hydrocarbons PVT and water sampling. Base configuration for this run also has two standard probe modules, one conventional and one large diameter; two variable displacement pumps one with standard displacement unit and one with the high pressure displacement unit; and fluid analyzers for fluid profiling and contamination monitoring. This first sampling run has several 3
4 contingency options in case probes or downhole pumps are plugged. First contingency option for the PVT sampling run is based on changing the probe types from standard probe and large diameter probe to extra-large diameter probe. This is to increase the inflow area and thus to minimize the pressure drawdown. If these prevention measures fail there will be a Martineau probe available with a filter chamber behind the probe and lastly, an inline filter module Inline filters have a large filter volume and can filter out large volumes of solids. Pumps selection for these two contingency runs is based on decreasing the pumping rate range by increasing the variable displacement pump displacement unit volume or using the fixed displacement pump. One more prevention measure was implemented which was a special sample chamber configured as an exit port. Closing this exit port while moving the tool will help to prevent solids, which may suspend in the mud, from entering the flowline and plugging the pumps. Also the bottom pump was used for the initial pumping. In case if near wellbore damage could cause the high drawdown and thus potential plugging of the pump at the initial stage of pumping use of the pump placed on the bottom side of the tool below the probe and pumping down could help to save the main sampling part from the plugging before the main part of cleaning process is achieved. These probe, filter and pump contingencies are spread out over two contingent runs, 3.2 & 3.3, Figure 1. They all provide sanding prevention measures by minimizing the pressure drawdown while pumping and thus potential sand grain production. In addition there are mitigation measures through the use of filters. Next, run 4, is large volume sampling with three six gallon sample chambers. It also has two contingency runs. One of them is similar to the contingency Run 3 for PVT in terms of probes, pumps and filters selections. An additional contingency includes the focused sampling probe 4 with extra high pressure variable displacement pump on the guard side and ultra slow rate fixed displacement pump on the sampling side. Use of Quicksilver probe was planned in case the single probe sampling attempts would require unacceptably long mud filtrate cleaning times. Ultra low contamination was critical for the large volume samples. Focused flow, coupled with ultra slow pumps for low draw down, is expected to result in lower contamination samples than samples obtained with a single probe flowing at the same rate. Case Study Results Figure 3 shows the depth view of the tested interval with the formation pressure (first track), fluid fractions from the downhole fluid analysis (track 2), mud pressures (track 3) and drawdown mobilities (track 5) along with the open-hole logs shown for reference. Formation fluid gradients of gas, oil and water have been drawn over a number of pressure tests to estimate the fluids contact depths. It is interesting to note that formation pressure gradient calculated from the points acquired in the oil zone may suggest an increasing trend in in-situ fluid density. This could be explained by the bi-degraded nature of formation oil. Selecting sampling intervals for the PVT run was based on formation fluid mobility and for and the large volume sampling run it was mainly based on the suggested proximity to the flow barriers around the probe (to minimize the long expected pumping time) During the sampling run 3.1 standard 450 cc PVT sample bottles were acquired from the three depths in the oil zone along with overpressured single phase 250 cc sample bottles from the gas zone and 1 gallon sample chamber from the water zone. After this sampling run, as soon as the sample bottles arrived at surface, one of the PVT bottles, which has been taken from the middle of the zone surrounded by the impermeable streaks, was used for the on-site filtrate contamination analysis. The resulting sample contamination level was less than 4%. Which agreed quite well with downhole fluid analysis contamination modeling and considered to be a good sample, which allowed the operator to select run 4.1 for the large volume sampling. This run included three six gallon sample chambers as per the described workflow shown on the figure 2. The pressure drawdown (difference between formation and flowing pressure) on this station was less than 0.4 bars which has been achieved with the flow rate varying about 0.9 cc/sec from the zone with drawdown mobility of about 670 md/cp. Figure 4 shows the change of GOR and strain gauge temperature while pumping on the large volume sampling station of the run 4.1. Use of fixed displacement pump for main pumping and sampling during this run allowed to achieve the slowest rates of 0.66 cc/sec with the drawdown within 0.3 bars in the zone with mobility of about 1200 md/cp. As it shown on the figure 3, GOR was slightly increasing during the pumping. Figure 5 shows contamination prediction modeling where both color and methane models also show an average mud filtrate contamination on the levels of about 5% and more at the end of the pumping. However based on the contamination results obtained from the previous run and contamination modeling based on the change of fluid color it has been decided to fill all three 6 gallon sample chambers at about 3.3, 7.4 and 11.7 hours respectively. Total station time was about 15.7 hours with the filling time for each of the six gallon sample chamber of about 3.6 hours. Later it has been measured in the lab that OBM contamination of the samples acquired during this run is less than 1%. Conclusion 4
5 The requirement to get quantities from the sampled oil for various studies has induced important priorities rules on the preciously sampled volumes. Use of comprehensive workflow to acquire large volume samples with wireline formation tester in un-consolidated sand helped to acquire about seventy liters of formation oil. This was achieved in a one tool descent in hole with the samples contamination level below 1%. The sampling operation has been proven successful, and the precise characterization of the oil allowed for significant design updates the Hild project. From the crude valorization, production chemistry and flow assurance point of view the oil show characteristics that became a game changer for the field development. A high TAN value of the oil has given constraints on export options. The screening process to optimize the design for oil treatment and export alternatives (surface and host compatibility studies etc.) have imposed significant analysis needs and confirming the need and use of the totality of the sampled volumes. Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank TOTAL and Schlumberger for the permission to publish this paper. References 1. Jackson, R.R, De Santo, I., Weinheber, P., Guaragnini, E., Specialized Techniques for Formation Testing and Fluid Sampling in Unconsolidated Formations in Deepwater Reservoirs ; SPE paper presented at the 2009 SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference held in the Bahrain International Exhibition Center, Kingdom of Bahrain, March Jackson, R.R., Santo, I.De, Weinheber, P., Guaragnini, E., Innovative approach to Formation Testing and Fluids Sampling in Unconsolidated Formations: A success Case From Offshore Africa, Nape paper prepared for presentation at the 2008 Nigerian Association of Petroleum Explorationist s Conference and Exebitions held in Abuja, Nigeria, November Wireline Formation Testing and Sampling, Schlumberger Educational Services, SMP-7058, Houston, USA, Weinheber, P., Gisolf, A., Jackson, R.R., De Santo, I.: Optimising Hardware Options for Maximum Flexibility and Improved Success in Wireline Formation Testing, Sampling and Downhole Fluid Analysis Operations, SPE paper presented at the SPE 2008 Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition held in Abuja, Nigeria, 4-6 August
6 Analysis Criticality Why Min. OBM contamin. Total Acid Number High Export/host impact Not an issue Critical water cut and viscosity Moderate Bio degradation Low Separator sizing + flow assurance Mobility/reserves ==> Project economy Not an issue Crude Assay/valorization High Project economy % Impact if not achieved Penalties from host or worst case: Impossible to blend Over-design of sep. ==> Cost & space Not an issue Project economy Penalties on sale/host impact/host blend acceptance Sample quantity (ltrs) Wax Moderate Asphalthenes Low Flow assurance - pipeline Process design, Flow assurance - pipeline % % Pipeline design, Pigging freq- & chem. Inj. Skids Process & pipeline design Emulsion properties Moderate Sizing of separator + flow assurance < 5% Operability, Over-design of sep. 40 Compatibility with Brent cond. (and 3rd party host liquids ) High Flow assurance - pipeline < 5% Concept & process design The samples marked by are done with the same sample Table 1 Hild oil (Frigg) fluid properties study requirements. Figure 1 Fluid sampling strategy. 6
7 Figure 2 - Comprehensive workflow for sampling in unconsolidated formations. Tool Mnemonics. PS Conventional probe, PS(LD) Large diameter probe, SC Sample chamber configured as an exit port to prevent formation tester flowline from plugging and to allow reversing the downhole pumps for downhole cleaning, PO (STD) Standard displacement unit pump HY Probe hydraulic unit LFA Fluid analyzer PO (HPDU) High pressure displacement unit pump CFA Compositional fluid analyzer SC1G One gallon sample chamber MS Multisample carrier MPSR PVT sample bottle SPMC Single phase sample bottle SC6G Six gallon sample chamber PS (Martineau) probe with large area filter, which could be also run with gravel-pack PO (FDU) - Fixed displacement volume pump PO (XHPDU) - Extra high pressure displacement unit pump PQ Quicksilver probe SC6G Six gallon sample chamber MS (Sand Trap) Inline filter module 7
8 Figure 4 GOR and Temperature change while pumping on the large volume sampling station Figure 3 - Formation pressure and mobility profile. Figure 5 Methane and color contamination prediction modeling 8
Focused Sampling for Low H2S Quantification. Vladislav Achourov and Adriaan Gisolf (Schlumberger), Dave Goodwin and Tim Pritchard (BG Group)
Focused Sampling for Low H2S Quantification Vladislav Achourov and Adriaan Gisolf (Schlumberger), Dave Goodwin and Tim Pritchard (BG Group) Content Challenges, relating to Production of H2S Quantification
More informationSaturn 3D radial probe. Enabling, efficient, derisking, and flexible
Saturn 3D radial probe Enabling, efficient, derisking, and flexible Saturn Formation testing where not previously possible Applications Formation pressure measurement Downhole fluid analysis (DFA) Formation
More informationHalliburton Reservoir Description Tool (RDT ) Formation Tester
Halliburton Reservoir Description Tool (RDT ) Formation Tester OVERVIEW When flexibility and versatility are required, the Halliburton Reservoir Description Tool (RDT ) tool collects in a single deployment
More informationSand control case histories: Shape memory polymers, resins, shunt tubes
Sand control case histories: Shape memory polymers, resins, shunt tubes BY DIANE LANGLEY, EDITORIAL COORDINATOR Sand, a familiar adversary for drilling and completion engineers, continues to present a
More informationINVESTIGATION ON SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE FLUID MIGRATION: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Proceedings of the 13 th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology Athens, Greece, 5-7 September 2013 INVESTIGATION ON SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE FLUID MIGRATION: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
More informationNearwell Simulation of a horizontal well in Atlanta Field in Brazil with AICV completion using OLGA/Rocx
Nearwell Simulation of a horizontal well in Atlanta Field in Brazil with AICV completion using OLGA/Rocx K.A. Silva B.M. Halvorsen Faculty of Technology, Telemark University College, Norway, {samsioray@hotmail.com,britt.halvorsen@hit.no
More informationComparison of Wireline Formation-Tester Sampling with Focused and Conventional Probes in the Presence of Oil-Base Mud-Filtrate Invasion
PETROPHYSICS, VOL. 50, NO. 5 (OCTOBER 2009);?; 20 Figures, 5 Tables Comparison of Wireline Formation-Tester Sampling with Focused and Conventional Probes in the Presence of Oil-Base Mud-Filtrate Invasion
More informationInjection Wells for Liquid-Waste Disposal. Long-term reliability and environmental protection
Injection Wells for Liquid-Waste Disposal Long-term reliability and environmental protection ACHIEVE MULTIPLE GOALS FOR LIQUID-WASTE DISPOSAL INJECTION WELLS Expertly located, designed, constructed, and
More informationFLAIR. Fluid Logging and Analysis in Real Time Service
FLAIR Fluid Logging and Analysis in Real Time Service FLAIR The FLAIR* fluid logging and analysis in real time service, delivered by Geoservices analysts, is a unique wellsite service for continuous extraction
More informationBorehole NMR: Different Problems Different Solutions
Borehole NMR: Different Problems Different Solutions Stefan Menger Mgr. Applications Development Halliburton/NUMAR Abstract During the last decade, NMR has significantly improved the understanding of hydrocarbon
More informationPetroleum Production Optimization
Petroleum Production Optimization Petroleum Production Optimization Fundamentals Production Optimization refers to the various activities of measuring, analyzing, modelling, prioritizing and implementing
More informationAdvanced Reservoir Monitoring
Advanced Reservoir Monitoring Water Oil Overview Following topics will be addressed in this course: Saturations of Water (Sw), oil (So) and gas (Sg) are likely to change with time. This is caused by fluid
More informationOverview of Completions
Overview of Completions PESA Oil & Gas 101 21 May 2015 Nick Clem, Applications Engineering Director Ganesh Subbaraman, Engineering Manager Outline Background Drivers affecting selection of completion types
More informationDown Hole Flow Assurance
Down Hole Flow Assurance Ferhat Erdal Senior Advisor - Flow Assurance Steve Cochran Senior Advisor - Flow Assurance SPE GCS Annual Drilling Symposium Spring, TX April 13, 2017 Flow Assurance Key Words
More informationJoint Development Project Delivers Step Change to Drilling Efficiency by Breaking Temperature Barriers in the Gulf of Thailand
Joint Development Project Delivers Step Change to Drilling Efficiency by Breaking Temperature Barriers in the Gulf of Thailand 2015 SPE Thailand E&P Annual Awards, Document Submission Chevron Thailand
More informationPhaseSampler. Multiphase Fluid Sampling and Analysis
PhaseSampler Multiphase Fluid Sampling and Analysis Difficult questions Capturing truly representative samples of multiphase fluids in live flowline conditions is the ideal for improving the accuracy of
More informationDynamic Imaging Principle OIW/WIO Analysis
Dynamic Imaging Principle OIW/WIO Analysis JM Canty International Presentation Outline Industry Applications Dynamic Imaging Principle Image Retrieval Hardware Image Analysis Software Data Outputs Sample
More informationFUNDAMENTALS OF THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY CERTIFICATION
FUNDAMENTALS OF THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY CERTIFICATION CORPORATE COLLEGE SEMINAR SERIES Date: November 1 December 15 In partnership with: For more information, contact: Michael Burns Director Michael.Burns@LoneStar.edu
More informationVirtuoso Industry leading engineering simulators, operator training systems and online monitoring systems
Virtuoso Industry leading engineering simulators, operator training systems and online monitoring systems Production, pipeline & asset management systems Wood Group provides robust, real-time online and
More informationSPE DISTINGUISHED LECTURER SERIES is funded principally through a grant of the SPE FOUNDATION
SPE DISTINGUISHED LECTURER SERIES is funded principally through a grant of the SPE FOUNDATION The Society gratefully acknowledges those companies that support the program by allowing their professionals
More informationA new pipeline cleaning technology: Hydraulically Activated Power Pigging (HAPP TM )
A new pipeline cleaning technology: ally Activated Power Pigging (HAPP TM ) By Björn Stoltze, HAPP Technology Ltd. - Content - 1 Abstract... 1 2 Introduction... 1 3 Today s typical pigging methods... 2
More informationPetrotechnical Expert Services. Multidisciplinary expertise, technology integration, and collaboration to improve operations
Petrotechnical Expert Services Multidisciplinary expertise, technology integration, and collaboration to improve operations From reservoir characterization and comprehensive development planning to production
More informationAppraising the Performance of Cyclic Production Scheme through Reservoir Simulation, a Case Study Tariq Al-Zahrani, Saudi Aramco
SPE 152151 Appraising the Performance of Cyclic Production Scheme through Reservoir Simulation, a Case Study Tariq Al-Zahrani, Saudi Aramco Copyright 2012, Society of Petroleum Engineers This paper was
More informationCement Plug Placement and Integrity Mechanical Cementing Service
Cement Plug Placement and Integrity Mechanical Cementing Service Technology, Technique, Trust When it becomes necessary to plug and abandon a well or sections of the wellbore with multiple cement barriers,
More informationPredicting Injectivity Decline in Water Injection Wells by Upscaling On-Site Core Flood Data
Predicting Injectivity Decline in Water Injection Wells by Upscaling On-Site Core Flood Data Paul Evans Oil Plus Ltd. Hambridge Road, Newbury Berkshire, RG14 5SS, England Fax: +44 (0) 1635 49618 E-mail:
More informationIntegrated Approach To Development Of Low Permeability Reservoirs Scot Evans, Vice President IAM and Halliburton Consulting
Integrated Approach To Development Of Low Permeability Reservoirs Scot Evans, Vice President IAM and Halliburton Consulting SEPTEMBER 26, 2017, ST. PETERSBURG, HOTEL ASTORIA Integrated Approach To Development
More informationOilfield Services. Reducing the cost of asset ownership
Oilfield Services Reducing the cost of asset ownership Intelligence For the Life of Your Asset Knowledge is the first step towards understanding, and with understanding comes optimization. For robust and
More informationSPE Abstract. Introduction
SPE 149944 Succesful Application of Metal PCP Rechnology to Maximize Oil Recovery in SAGD Process R. Arystanbay, SPE, W. Bae, SPE, Huy X. Nguyen, SPE, Sejong University; S. Ryou, SPE, W. Lee, T. Jang,
More informationCased Hole Sand Control Essentials. Fluids, Equipment, Tools, and Displacement Services
Cased Hole Sand Control Essentials Fluids, Equipment, Tools, and Displacement Services Cased Hole Sand Control Essentials Fluids, Equipment, Tools, and Displacement Services The essentials of cased hole
More informationReservoir Engineering
Reservoir Engineering How much oil is in place? How much oil is recoverable? How can I maximize oil recovery? Under economic constraints Origin of Petroleum Where are the resources? Traps Dome trap Fault
More informationCore Analysis of the Round Tank Queen Reservoir, Chaves County, New Mexico. By: Garrett Wilson
Core Analysis of the Round Tank Queen Reservoir, Chaves County, New Mexico By: Garrett Wilson 1. Introduction 2. Apparatus 3. Procedure 4. Results and Calculations 1. Porosity 2. Permeability 3. Fluid
More informationC H E M I X. Delivering Cesium Formate to the Oil & Gas Industry. Stocks available immediately for direct sale S.G. 2.20
Delivering Cesium Formate to the Oil & Gas Industry Stocks available immediately for direct sale S.G. 2.20 Monovalent, non-scaling & solids free Reduce drilling & completion costs Increase reservoir productivity
More informationViscosity Standards for High-Pressure, High- Temperature, and High- Viscosity Conditions. Kurt Schmidt Houston, Texas, USA January 22, 2010
Viscosity Standards for High-Pressure, High- Temperature, and High- Viscosity Conditions Kurt Schmidt Houston, Texas, USA January 22, 2010 Viscosity in Reservoir Applications Ultradeep GOM (Gulf of Mexico)
More information3/5/2014. Key Topics for Consideration
Hole Cleaning in Deviated Wellbores Terry Hemphill Global Advisor, Wellbore Management Halliburton-Baroid Houston, Texas AADE Fluids Management Group 27 February 2014 terry.hemphill@halliburton.com Key
More informationA Method for Stimulation Candidate Well Selection
International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 5 No. 1, January, 2015 A Method for Stimulation Candidate Well Selection Okotie Sylvester 1, Ikporo Bibobra 2 and Ovuema Augustina 3 1,3 Department
More informationCOMPLETIONS WFXØ VØ-RATED OPENHOLE GRAVEL- PACK SYSTEM
COMPLETIONS WFXØ VØ-RATED OPENHOLE GRAVEL- PACK SYSTEM Improving multizone gravel-pack reliability with single-trip efficiency REDUCE RIG TIME, ENHANCE SAFETY, AND ADD FLEXIBILITY IN YOUR OPENHOLE GRAVEL-PACKING
More informationSPE Copyright 2012, Society of Petroleum Engineers
SPE 153581 Improved Heavy Oil Recovery by Drilling Horizontal Wells in Rubiales Field, Colombia A. Florez Anaya, Y. Araujo Paz, M. Uzcategui Rivas, W. Parra Moreno, R. Lavado Quiñones, Pacific Rubiales
More informationCONCENTRATE AND BRINE MANAGEMENT THROUGH DEEP WELL INJECTION. Abstract
CONCENTRATE AND BRINE MANAGEMENT THROUGH DEEP WELL INJECTION M.S. Bruno and J. Couture, GeoEnvironment Technologies LLC J.T. Young, Terralog Technologies USA, Inc. Abstract The Reverse Osmosis (RO) process
More informationSuccessful Completion Optimization of the Eagle Ford Shale
Successful Completion Optimization of the Eagle Ford Shale Supplement to SPE Paper 170764 Presented at the Society of Petroleum Engineers Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition Amsterdam, The Netherlands
More informationElectrical Conductivity & Hydraulic Profiling. The Combining of Two Subsurface Investigation Methods (With More to Come)
Electrical Conductivity & Hydraulic Profiling The Combining of Two Subsurface Investigation Methods (With More to Come) How has field work been progressing? Split Spoon and Standard Penetration Testing
More informationTENDER OPPORTUNITY: PROVISION OF WELL COMPLETION ANCILLARY SERVICES FOR NPDC OMLs 111, 65, 64, 40 & 13 ASSETS.
NIGERIAN PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LIMITED (NPDC) (A SUBSIDIARY OF NIGERIAN NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION) 62/64 SAPELE ROAD, P.M.B. 1262 BENIN CITY, NIGERIA TENDER OPPORTUNITY: PROVISION OF WELL
More informationWaterflood Monitoring and Management. On-Line Monitoring. Waterflood Monitoring and Management. Waterflood Systems
Waterflood Monitoring and Management 1 2 Waterflood Monitoring and Management Waterflood Systems Injection System: Water supply system, Injection wells Reservoir System Production System: Production wells,
More informationReactive Perforating: The New Ballistic Frontier That s Revolutionizing Well Completions
Dynamics, Inc. 2009 GEO Reactive Perforating: The New Ballistic Frontier That s Revolutionizing Well Completions Matt Bell Vice President Technology Society of Petroleum Engineers Bangkok Chapter 16 July
More informationSPE Distinguished Lecturer Program
SPE Distinguished Lecturer Program Primary funding is provided by The SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe The Society is grateful to those companies that allow
More informationAdjustment to Oil Saturation Estimate Due to Various Reservoir Drive Mechanisms
Cloud Publications International Journal of Advanced Petroleum Engineering and Technology 2014, Volume 1, Issue 1, pp. 17-26, Tech-316 Research Article Open Access Adjustment to Oil Saturation Estimate
More informationBarents Sea Hydrocarbon and Seal Evaluation Study
Barents Sea Hydrocarbon and Seal Evaluation Study By GeoProvider Price: Completion: On request 2017 Contact information: Geir Helgesen gh@geoprovider.no +47 481 89 230 Wim Lekens wl@geoprovider.no +47
More informationThis presentation is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory under DE FC26 05NT42590 and was
Experimental Monitoring at SECARB s Citronelle Field Site (Coming soon to a CO 2 EOR project near you!) Prepared For: Surveillance and Monitoring of CO 2 Injection Projects Short Course Prepared By: George
More informationDP Conference MTS Symposium. Flow Assurance. Elijah Kempton Tommy Golczynski
DP Conference MTS Symposium Flow Assurance Elijah Kempton Tommy Golczynski Marine Technology Society September 30, 2004 Session Outline Flow Assurance Overview Key Flow Assurance Issues Wax Hydrates Slugging
More informationApplication of Vibro Techniques for Infrastructure Projects in India
Application of Vibro Techniques for Infrastructure Projects in India Rainer Wegner Contract Manager, Keller Grundbau GmbH, Germany Dr. V.R. Raju Director, Keller Ground Engineering India Pvt Ltd, India
More informationMurphy Oil Company LTD.
Murphy Oil Company LTD. Seal Polymer Pilot Scheme Approval No. 11320B Annual ERCB Progress Presentation June 3, 2013 1 Agenda Subsurface Surface Conclusions 2 Subsurface Background Geology Drilling & Completions
More informationApproach Optimizes Frac Treatments
JULY 2011 The Better Business Publication Serving the Exploration / Drilling / Production Industry Approach Optimizes Frac Treatments By Jamel Belhadi, Hariharan Ramakrishnan and Rioka Yuyan HOUSTON Geologic,
More informationFTSI Fracture Fluids 101
FTSI Fracture Fluids 101 Executive Overview Fracture Fluids 101 Understanding Reservoir Properties Permeability Porosity Fracture Geometry Fluids Behavior Image courtesy of Nexen & Deborah Provais FTS
More informationStudy on the Workover Fluid Formula and Performance of the Prevention Reservoir
Study on the Workover Fluid Formula and Performance of the Prevention Reservoir Fengying Zhang, Jienian Yan & Zhiyong Li MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF SAND PRODUCTION FROM UNCONSOLIDATED SANDSTONE PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS IN NIGER-DELTA
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF SAND PRODUCTION FROM UNCONSOLIDATED SANDSTONE PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS IN NIGER-DELTA O.A. Adeyanju a, O.A. Olafuyi b a Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos,
More informationPlugs and Profiles. Types Running Pulling Problems
Plugs and Profiles Types Running Pulling Problems Plugs are set for many reasons but mostly for isolation of pressures. Not all plugs are a permanent seal. Sand plugs, cement plugs and inflatables have
More informationRemotely Operated Cementing Methods for Drilling with Liner Installations. Steve Rosenberg, Global Drilling Reliability Manager
Remotely Operated Cementing Methods for Drilling with Liner Installations Steve Rosenberg, Global Drilling Reliability Manager Outline Valhall Field history Drilling and completion challenges Drilling
More informationAssisted Extra Heavy Oil Sampling by Electromagnetic Heating*
Assisted Extra Heavy Oil Sampling by Electromagnetic Heating* W. Acosta 1, J. Bermudez 1, L. Andarcia 1, and A. F. Suarez 1 Search and Discovery Article #41530 (2015)** Posted February 2, 2015 *Adapted
More informationSteadyState Continuous Flow System
SteadyState Continuous Flow System Ultimate Wellbore Protection. Achieve greater control through continuous circulation of drilling fluids. Continuous Pressure, Along the Entire Wellbore Managing downhole
More informationProduction Performance Optimisation
Production Performance Optimisation Unlocking the Value of Marginal Assets: Production Optimisation through Effective Integrated Production System Modelling by Fortune Bikoro, Ph.D. Gas Lift Workshop -
More informationHEAVY OIL PRODUCTION ENHANCEMENT UNCONVENTIONAL HEAVY OIL PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION
HEAVY OIL PRODUCTION ENHANCEMENT UNCONVENTIONAL HEAVY OIL PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION MAXIMIZE PRODUCTION FROM RESERVOIR TO REFINERY UNLOCK POTENTIAL. OPTIMIZE HEAVY OIL PRODUCTION. Reduce costs through application
More informationPermeability, Flow Rate, and Hydraulic Conductivity Determination for Variant Pressures and Grain Size Distributions
Permeability, Flow Rate, and Hydraulic Conductivity Determination for Variant Pressures and Grain Size Distributions Nick Desiderio, npd5050@psu.edu, February 18, 2014 Abstract Carbon capture and storage
More informationFrom surface to the reservoir, solving your geothermal challenges for over 50 years
GEOTHERMAL From surface to the reservoir, solving your geothermal challenges for over 50 years Solving challenges. 1 Geothermal Clean, renewable and plentiful, geothermal energy holds huge promise worldwide
More informationSafely Harvesting Energy
ONTARIO OIL AND NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION Safely Harvesting Energy An Overview of Hydraulic Fracturing in Ontario A Briefing Note prepared by the: Ontario Petroleum Institute Executive Summary The Ontario
More informationOverview of Offshore Well Completions
Overview of Offshore Well Completions Dennis McDaniel Offshore Operators Committee NASEM Workshop: Offshore Well Completion and Stimulation using Hydraulic Fracturing and Other Technologies October 2,
More informationFormation Damage Any Time, Any Place, Any Where
Formation Damage Any Time, Any Place, Any Where Michael Byrne Senergy AFES AGM Meeting 3 rd October, 2012 www.senergyworld.com Definition of Damage Formation Damage can be defined as any reduction in near
More informationFiltration Applications for the Refining & Petrochemical Industries
Refining Petrochemicals Filtration Applications for the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Process Proven Performance Quality Filtration Made Simple Filtration Applications for the Refinery & Petrochemical
More informationFiltration Applications for the Refining & Petrochemical Industries
Refining Petrochemicals Filtration Applications for the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Process Proven Performance Quality Filtration Made Simple Filtration Applications for the Refinery & Petrochemical
More informationThe use of well completion efficiency in the assessment of formation damage in initial well completion and workover operations
Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies ISSN 1583-1078 Issue 28, January-June 2016 p. 19-34 The use of well completion efficiency in the assessment of formation damage in initial well
More informationEES 1001 Lab 9 Groundwater
EES 1001 Lab 9 Groundwater Water that seeps into the ground, and is pulled down by gravity through void spaces (*see below) in the soil and bedrock eventually percolates down to a saturated zone, a water-logged
More informationreda hps horizontal pumping systems Power you can count on anytime, anywhere RedaHPS Horizontal Multistage Surface Pumps
reda hps horizontal pumping systems Power you can count on anytime, anywhere RedaHPS Horizontal Multistage Surface Pumps RedaHPS RedaHPS* horizontal multistage surface pumps deliver power you can count
More informationAADE-03-NTCE-20. SLURRY DEVELOPMENT Slurry development was governed by two main constraints; namely TRRC requirements and operational constraints.
AADE-03-NTCE-20 Liquid Additives Control Cement Slurry Properties Segun Ogunsanya, Xiaodong Zhao, Lloyd R. Heinze, Texas Tech U, & Doug W. Walser, B J Services Company USA Copyright 2003 AADE Technical
More informationLogging solutions for optimizing field development. Well Evaluation for Coalbed Methane
Logging solutions for optimizing field development Well Evaluation for Coalbed Methane Logging solutions for optimizing field development Maximizing the net present value (NPV) from coalbed methane (CBM)
More informationFacilities Cost Estimates Drivers in the Oil and Gas Field Development. By Ruby Aka. Independent Oil and Gas Consultant
Facilities Cost Estimates Drivers in the Oil and Gas Field Development. By Ruby Aka Independent Oil and Gas Consultant rubyaka@me.com Abstract The paper reviews the drivers of oil and gas cost estimate
More informationHorizontal Well Spacing and Hydraulic Fracturing Design Optimization: A Case Study on Utica-Point Pleasant Shale Play
URTeC: 2459851 Horizontal Well Spacing and Hydraulic Fracturing Design Optimization: A Case Study on Utica-Point Pleasant Shale Play Alireza Shahkarami*, Saint Francis University; Guochang Wang*, Saint
More informationOpen Access A Novel Approach to Detect Tubing Leakage in Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Injection Wells via an Efficient Annular Pressure Monitoring
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscience.ae 8 The Open Petroleum Engineering Journal, 2015, 8, 8-15 Open Access A Novel Approach to Detect Tubing Leakage in Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Injection
More informationRecovery Process - Cold Heavy Oil
Recovery Process - Cold Heavy Oil CHOPS (Cold Heavy Oil Production with Sand) CHOPS is a heavy oil recovery technique where the reservoir sand is deliberately produced to improve reservoir performance.
More informationThis Series of Guides Addresses:
Fracturing What are you calling fracturing? Transport of materials to the well site? Surface equipment and pumping operations? Surface pressure control of the well during drilling or production? Well construction
More informationIntroduction to Artificial Lift
Introduction to Artificial Lift March 2013 What are your Artificial Lift challenges? Gassy oil Heavy/viscous oil Sandy oil High water cut Dewatering gas wells Deep Hot Low fluid levels Offshore Uncertainty
More informationA leading environmental service company helping clients achieve 'Zero Discharge' E&P Operations
Terralog Technologies Inc. PT Terralog Teknologi Indonesia A leading environmental service company helping clients achieve 'Zero Discharge' E&P Operations provides specialized deep-well disposal services
More informationTechnological Enhancement of PC Pumps for Heavy Oil Production. Courtney Ward P.Eng.
Technological Enhancement of PC Pumps for Heavy Oil Production Courtney Ward P.Eng. April 28, 2008 Development and Test Area * Lloydminster 1 History Initial PC Pump Installations Initial install occurred
More informationNodal Analysis Approach in Minimizing Pressure Losses to Improve Well Productivity
Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) 6(5): 353-359 Scholarlink Research Institute Journals, 2015 (ISSN: 2141-7016) jeteas.scholarlinkresearch.com Journal of Emerging
More informationThermal Recovery Status and Development Prospect for Heavy Oil in China
UNITAR Centre for Heavy Crude and Tar Sands 1998 1 No.1998.198 Thermal Recovery Status and Development Prospect for Heavy Oil in China Liu Wenzhang Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,
More informationCOLLABORATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXPLORATION
COLLABORATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXPLORATION Authors: Randy Clark, Jerry Hubbard (Energistics) Presented by: Paul Maton (Energistics and Sillimanite Consultants) Upstream Standards. Bottom Line Results.
More informationLes Hydrocarbures de l extrême
Journées Annuelles du Pétrole Les 21 et 22 octobre 2008 - Paris, Palais des Congrès, Porte Maillot Les Hydrocarbures de l extrême ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY TOTAL EXPERIENCES Pascal Gauer NEW FRAMEWORK OF E&P
More informationAnalysis Fraction Flow of Water versus Cumulative Oil Recoveries Using Buckley Leverett Method
Analysis Fraction Flow of Water versus Cumulative Oil Recoveries Using Buckley Leverett Method Reza Cheraghi Kootiani, and Ariffin Bin Samsuri International Science Index, Physical and Mathematical Sciences
More informationAnalysis of Nigerian Local Cement for Slurry Design in Oil and Gas Well Cementation
Analysis of Nigerian Local Cement for Slurry Design in Oil and Gas Well Cementation Oriji Aleruchi Boniface 1, Dulu Appah 2, Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, University of Port-Harcourt, NIGERIA.
More informationShale Development: Understanding and Mitigating Risks Associated with Well Construction and Hydraulic Fracturing
Shale Development: Understanding and Mitigating Risks Associated with Well Construction and Hydraulic Fracturing Kris J. Nygaard Sr. Stimulation Consultant ExxonMobil Production Company National Academy
More informationDrilling-with-Liner (DwL ) System Drill the Undrillable
Drilling-with-Liner (DwL ) System Drill the Undrillable One-trip liner system cuts cost and risk. Drill, run, set and cement your liner system all in one trip as you mitigate drilling hazards, increase
More informationIntermittent Production from. Liquid Loaded Gas Wells
Intermittent Production from Liquid Loaded Gas Wells by P. Verbeek (Shell, Rijswijk), H. Frydenlund (NTNU, Trondheim), T. Clemens (RAG, Vienna), R. Eylander (NAM, Assen) Intermittent Production from Liquid
More informationManaging Subsurface Uncertainties in Deepwater Facilities Design
Managing Subsurface Uncertainties in Deepwater Facilities Design By Richard D Souza and John M. Vitucci KBR Granherne 2013 Deep Offshore Technology Conference, The Woodlands, Texas Introduction Deepwater
More informationCAPROCK INTEGRITY FOCUS Analyzing How To Utilize Technical Testing Methodologies To Ensure Caprock Integrity. Tuesday, May 24 th, 2011
CAPROCK INTEGRITY FOCUS Analyzing How To Utilize Technical Testing Methodologies To Ensure Caprock Integrity Tuesday, May 24 th, 2011 Forward-Looking Information and Advisories This presentation contains
More informationTechnology for. Unconsolidated
Completion Technology for Unconsolidated Formations Rev. 2 / June 1995 Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1 Radial Flow and Formation Damage Radial flow; Near Wellbore Flow Restrictions; Potential
More informationPROCEEDINGS, INDONESIA PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention & Exhibition, May 2010
IPA10-SE-026 PROCEEDINGS, INDONESIA PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention & Exhibition, May 2010 A LABORATORY TEST CHEMICAL CONSOLIDATION TO FIELD INJECTION Imam Fathoni* Gema Wahyudi Purnama*
More informationExercise 14: Estimating HC Volumes
Exercise 14: Estimating HC Volumes Objective Calculate a first-order estimate of the volume of oil that could be contained in the Alpha and Beta prospects using a simple reservoir volume formula and typical
More informationNew Logging Technology Brings New Perspective To Mature Oil Fields
NOVEMBER 2010 The Better Business Publication Serving the Exploration / Drilling / Production Industry New Logging Technology Brings New Perspective To Mature Oil Fields By Dale Julander, Larry Knauer,
More informationWellFlo. Feature Presentation Weatherford. All rights reserved.
WellFlo Feature Presentation Wellflo Nodal Analysis Software Reservoir Nodal Analysis Outflow Inflow 2 Key Features Production and Injection wells for all reservoir types Black Oil, Condensate, Volatile
More informationFundamentals of Well Logging and Petrophysics for Non-Technical Professionals
COurse Fundamentals of Well Logging and Petrophysics for Four Points by Sheraton Bakersfield EUCI is authorized by IACET to offer 1.0 CEUs for the course. 1 Overview The Fundamentals of Petrophysics for
More informationWater Dependency of Geothermal Power Generation Systems
Proceedings 5 th African Rift geothermal Conference Arusha, Tanzania, 29-31 October 2014 Water Dependency of Geothermal Power Generation Systems (Esther Sironka. ) Kenya Electricity Generating Company
More informationUnconventional Gas Market Appraisal
Unconventional Gas Market Appraisal Chris Bryceland June 2013 Agenda Headline facts Fundamentals of unconventional gas Global resources Selected markets Economic impacts Supply chain opportunities Conclusions
More informationThe Use of Walnut Shell Filtration with Enhanced Synthetic Media for the Reduction and/or Elimination of Upstream Produced Water Treatment Equipment
Siemens Water Solutions The Use of Walnut Shell Filtration with Enhanced Synthetic Media for the Reduction and/or Elimination of Upstream Produced Water Treatment Equipment White Paper January 2016 Researchers
More information