STUDY ON CURRENT PRACTICE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN GAMBANG RESIDENTIAL AREA KUANTAN, PAHANG NOR ZARIEFA BINTI ZAHARI

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1 STUDY ON CURRENT PRACTICE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN GAMBANG RESIDENTIAL AREA KUANTAN, PAHANG NOR ZARIEFA BINTI ZAHARI BACHELOR ENGINEERING (HONS.) CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG

2 UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG DECLARATION OF THESIS / UNDERGRADUATE PROJECT PAPER AND COPYRIGHT Author s full name : NOR ZARIEFA BINTI ZAHARI Date of birth : 15 FEBRUARY 1993 Title : STUDY ON CURRENT PRACTICES OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN GAMBANG RESIDENTIAL AREA, KUANTAN PAHANG Academic Session : 2015/2016 I declare that this thesis is classified as: CONFIDENTIAL RESTRICTED (Contains confidential information under the Official Secret Act 1972)* (Contains restricted information as specified by the organization where research was done)* OPEN ACCESS I agree that my thesis to be published as online open access (Full text) I acknowledged that University Malaysia Pahang reserves the right as follows: 1. The thesis is the property of University Malaysia Pahang. 2. The Library of University Malaysia Pahang has the right to make copies for the purpose of research only. 3. The Library has the right to make copies of the thesis for academic exchange. Certified By: (Student s Signature) (Signature of Supervisor) DR. MIR SUJAUL ISLAM Date: 23 JUNE 2016 Date: 24 JUNE 2016

3 STUDY ON CURRENT PRACTICE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN GAMBANG RESIDENTIAL AREA KUANTAN, PAHANG NOR ZARIEFA BINTI ZAHARI Report submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Civil Engineering (Hons.) Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG JUNE 2016

4 ii SUPERVISOR S DECLARATION I hereby declare that I have checked this project report and in my opinion this project is satisfactory in terms of scope and quality for the award of Bachelor of Civil Engineering (Hons). Signature : Name of Supervisor : DR. MIR SUJAUL ISLAM Position : SENIOR LECTURER Date : 24 JUNE 2016

5 iii STUDENT S DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work in this report is my own except for quotations and summaries which have been duly acknowledged. The report has not been accepted for any degree and is not concurrently submitted for award of other degree. Signature : Name of Student : NOR ZARIEFA BINTI ZAHARI ID Number : AA12234 Date : 23 JUNE 2016

6 viii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE Page TITLE DECLARATION DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS i ii iv v vi vii viii xii xiii xiv CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Introduction Problem Statement Objective Scope of Study Significance of Study 5 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction Definition of Term Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Solid Waste Waste Generation Residential Waste Types Household waste 10

7 ix Bulky Waste Garden Waste Household Hazardous Waste Hierarchy of Waste Management Waste minimization Reuse Recycle Waste to Energy Treatment and Disposal Composting Landfill Solid Waste Management Collection and Storage of Waste Waste Collection Points Transportation of Wastes Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management Act (2007) 17 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY Introduction Preliminary Stage of Study Study Area Data Collection Method Site visit Sample Collection Sampling Procedure Equipment Waste Management Current Practices Waste Management Policies and Programmes R s 26

8 x 3.6 Method of Solid Waste Characterization Statistical Analysis MSW 27 CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION Introduction Solid Waste Composition Low Density (LD) Residential Area Medium Density (MD) Residential Area High Density (HD) Residential Area Analysis of Weekly Solid Waste Composition Household Generation Rate Analysis of Monthly Solid Waste Composition Suggestion on Reducing Total Amount Solid Waste Generated in Study Area Reducing food waste Minimize at sources Treatment at sources Reduce the use of plastics Replace plastics with glass container Charging for plastics bag Reuse glass containers Recycles the recyclable waste 47 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion Problem Encounter Recommendation 51 REFERENCES 52

9 xi APPENDICES 56 A Sample collection form 56

10 xii LIST OF TABLES Table No Title Page 2.1 Methods of waste disposal in Malaysia Data of the solid waste generated at Taman Perumahan Gambang Jaya within 4 weeks for low density residential area Data of the solid waste generated at Taman Perumahan Gambang Damai within 4 weeks for medium density residential area Data of the solid waste generated at Taman Perumahan Gambang Makmur within 4 weeks for high density residential area Weekly solid waste composition of Low Density Residential Area Weekly solid waste composition of Medium Density Residential Area Weekly solid waste composition of High Density Residential Area Household waste generation rate Percentage of solid waste generation by different type of residential The percentage of the solid waste can be reuse, reuse recycle and disposal 43

11 xiii LIST OF FIGURES Figure No Title Page 2.1 Hierarchy of Waste Management Flow chart of the research methodology Map of the study area Flow Chart of Sampling Method Weighing scale Plastics bag Gloves Percentage of waste composition for LD residential area Percentage of waste composition for MD residential area Percentage of waste composition for HD residential area The percentage waste generated for a month by types of residential Compost the food waste Another waste that can be composted Glass container Separate the waste according the type 48

12 xiv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 3R EPA MSW SWM SWPCM USEPA Reduce, Reuse Recycle Environmental Protection Act Municipal Solid Waste Solid Waste Management Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management U.S Environmental Protection Agency