Development of High Density Cold Energy Network

Transcription

1 1 ICR2015 WORKSHOP Development of High Density Cold Energy Network System with Pure Water Ice Speaker: Masashi Momota (Tokyo Denki Univ. Associate Professor) August 19,2015

2 2 Contents t 1. Objectives/Targets 2. Features of Developed/Developing Systems 3. R&D Technologies 4. Next step for Commercialization

3 1. Objectives/Targets 1.1.Background 1 3 Demand and market for the cooling is extending The impact of a cooling energy consumption is huge, especially in Asia and Mideast For example, in Tokyo district, 40% of CO2 emission is from energy consumption of non residential air-conditioning Peak shaving of the electricity consumption in daytime is big issue for electric power companies

4 1. Objectives/Targets 1.2.Objective 4 Enhancement of transportation efficiency The ratio of cold energy generation and transportation is nearly even. This means that the impact of transportation energy saving is huge. Energy saving of entire air-conditioning system Air-conditioning means cooling, heating, humidity control and ventilation. Therefore, integration of energy saving design (room < building < city) is necessary for entire air- conditioning system.

5 2. Features of Developed/Developing Systems 2.1. Basic Concept System concept is opened (core technology is patented) Entire air-conditioning systemstem should be able to assemble by industry standard parts. TES was chosen as a core technology for this development. Thermal Energy Storage (TES) has many actual performance in many situations. Also TES has long history. Assuming city sized project, use of water which is stable and cheap is suitable. Considering a dissemination, an expensive chemical material for the thermal storage system is difficult to adopt. This is not the material R&D. This is the technology R&D which enables the ice (water) transportation. 5

6 2.2.Key Technologies 6 1Thermal transportation system using ice & water 23Utilization technology of ice in the room and building. 4Integrated measurement & control technology for entire system 1 Thermal transportation system using ice & water Reduction of digging, construction period & cost. Decrease in power of pump transportation 4 Heat flexibility & Integrated control 2 Low temperature air conditioning and water supply Reduction of transportation power Thermal in the building conditioning i i sensation Transport of cold energy Air District cooling 3 Indoor temperature relaxation Reduction of load Common platform : Use of the potential of ice that has based of ice thermal storage system

7 2.3.Description of Key Technologies The Reason for Using Pure Water Ice 7 The reason for using pure water ice is its stability, as well as safety, and low-cost as a material. Also by using ice, the appropriate air quality can be maintained and low temperature low humidity can be achieved.

8 2.3.Description of Key Technologies High density cold energy network 1 Pipe Customer (c) Reduction of digging, construction ti period & cost 8 Digging g for piping p = 1/6 max. Water (14 ) re-cooled to 0 inside local piping. Utilize Latent heat Customer Customer Pipe diameter = 1/2 (Pipe length = 1/2) (d) Heat exchange 0 water+ ice inside local piping Developed DC plant Ice volume max. 35% Piping i Method reduces Conventional (a) pipe diameter to 1/2 Piping length 1/2 Reduction of digging, construction period, and cost (b) Min. x4 high density

9 2.3.Description of Key Technologies System Comparison 9 Type Pipe T Energy Pipe diameter Digging cost Conventional R&D Model Water Ice & Water 2 pipes 1 pipe 7 14 Latent heat of Ice /2 1 1/6 Transportation power 1 1/4

10 2.4.Energy Saving Mechanism Conventional R&D Model 10 7 degree C water Cold energy Generation Ice generation 1 Cold Energy Generation ( - ) 1District 7 degree C (differential) Single Plant 26 degree C 50%RH 7 degree C (differential) 16 degree C breezing Individual controlling Cold energy Transportation Cold Energy Network In city Relaxation of Room temp Water transportation In building Air transportation to rooms Integration of controlling High density With ice Multi Plants 28 degree C 40%RH 17 degree C (differential) 10 degree C breezing Integrated controlling Cold Energy Transportation (+) Cold Energy Network ( + ) Load Reduction ( + ) Water transportation In Building ( + ) Air transportation to rooms ( + ) Optimization of Cntrolling ( + ) 3Rooms 2Buildings 4High-Density Cold Energy Network R&D model is negative on cold energy generation. However, utilizing lower temperature from ice, other items have advantage. In total, entire air-conditioning system achieves energy saving.

11 2.5.Assumed Application Applications 1. Demand of high density cold energy Buildings, Factory, Airport, Power Plant, Agriculture 2. Demand of chilled storage with high humidity Foods storage plant, Foods factory, Vegetable plant 3. Heat recovery of cold energy Ice factory, LNG plant 11 Effectiveness 1. Energy saving / CO2 reduction 2. The operational efficiency improvement by outsourcing of air-conditioning (District Cooling) 3. Enhancement of productivity by improvement of indoor environment 4. Quality enhancement of foods storage Heat 5. Pump Shipping Systems R&D adjustment by NEDO by appropriate food storage

12 3.R&D Technologies 3.1. Organization of R&D R&D Project Director Tokyo Denki Univ. Prof. Tadahiko Ibamoto Tokyo Denki Univ. Researcher: Associate Prof. Masashi Momota et al. Tonets Co. Ltd Researcher St Satoshi hiwt Watanabe et al Recommitment - -

13 3.2. Targets of R&D 13 Main Subject Target Start Line Improvement of 1.5 times efficiency comparing with Conceptual phase energy efficiency on entire HVAC system for district buildings ordinary system R&D Subject Target Start Line Estimation i of 1.5 times efficiency i comparing with Conceptual phase improvement ordinary system efficiency Key technologies development and enhancement of reliability Actual proof of entire system Key technologies R&D with reliability, durability and economic efficiency Actual system construction and establishment of design method Laboratory phase Conceptual phase

14 3.3. Contents of R&D 14 Verification of effectiveness Feasibility study, System simulation System development with experiment and demonstration Ice packing method into the pipe p Transportable piping system Building Automation & Controlling System (BACS) Development of measurement method Ice packing factor in piping and tanks Market Research Trend survey

15 3.4. Experiment System Peak capacity of experiment is almost same as 12,000m 2 office building ( residence) Customer Building Plant AHU ハイテクリサーチセンター AHU Customer Building 15 Ice generator Crashed Ice (not sherbet) Main piping Length: 200m diameter: 75mm Ice buffer tank for customer Conventional Air-conditioning Fluctuating Breeze system with cold air distribution Center plant Transporting picture Center plant (mainly piping diameter is 75mm) Actual sized experimental device (diameter 400mm)

16 3.5. transporting pictures 16 Ice Packing Factor 10% Ice Packing Factor 20% Verification Drain only water Ice Packing Factor 30% Ice Packing Factor 40%

17 3.6. Result of R&D Actual proof of ice transportation and controlling method Method establishment for controlling quantity of heat To control quantity of heat, the balancing of ice packing factor and velocity Is demanded. However, pressure loss depends on this balancing. Therefore, the method for controlling quantity of heat under minimum pressure loss was established by actual ice transportation experiment. <Controlling method summary> Under 1.0m/s : Increase / decrease the ice packing factor Over 1.0m/s : Increase / decrease the velocity This method was also reflected to the simulation program. 17 Qua antity of hea at / pressure e loss Controlling line for energy saving operation Ice packing factor in piping Experiment result of three parameters Velocity In piping locity in pip ping Ve velocity:1m/s Ice packing factor:40% Ice packing factor in piping Controlling line (black) for energy saving operation

18 ３ ６ Result of R&D 18 圧力損失による算出IPF[%] Actual proof of control accuracy (quantity of heat) 50 実測流速 [m/s] 設定値 圧力損失の急激な 変化により暴れた IPF算出値 算出IPF [%] 実験での上限IPF 50 max 算出熱量 [MJ] 0 10,000 75% mid 25% 30秒平均IPF IPF誤差±5 以内 min 5, case A B C D E 流速 IPF 実験1 0 高流 高流速 高IPFの実験 高 実験 ケースにおいても 高い精度で制御が できている 実験2 実験3 実験4 実験5 実験6 平均IPF 設定IPF 算出IPF(搬送中) 累積搬送熱量 IPF[%] サンプリングIPF[%] 算出IPF(切換中) 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 累積時間[h] 8:00 9: :00 11:00 12:00 累積搬送熱量 累 量[GJ/h] System control was verified by actual proof experiment

19 3.6. Result of R&D Actual proof of forming indoor environment Lower humidity (utilizing ice) and fluctuating breezing degree C Non steady Breezing (20 sec cycle on / off) R & D model room 16 degree C Questionnaire of indoor environment Steady Breezing Conventional air-conditioning room

20 3.6. Result of R&D Actual proof of forming indoor environment m mm 900mm 5 900mm 3000mm 2800mm 00mm 600mm 600mm 600mm m 500mm FL+0 500mm 500mm 500mm 500mm 3000mm 500mm 500mm 500mm 500mm 500mm 1500mm 申告割合 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 暑い 暖かい やや暖かい どちらでもない やや涼しい 涼しい 寒い 外気温 タスク気温 アンビエント気温 case1 case2 case3 変動微風 (28 ) 一般空調 (28 ) 一般空調 (26 ) 温度 [ ] To maintain indoor environment Temperature, Humidity, wind velocity and radiation i was measured Final evaluation was confirmed by questionnaire

21 3.6. Result of R&D Integrated measurement & control technology Measurement & control program was newly developed. This program well performed under actual proof experiment. 21 Integrated building automation and controlling. Graphical display of all the measurement items (Entire system: Plant>Building>Rooms) Schedule operation All the operations were automated such as generating ice, thermal storage, transporting ti ice and air-conditioning i Measurement data storage, import and export Dtb Database is maintaining itii 1sec data dt all llth the time

22 3.6. Result of R&D Development of simulation program for evaluation Evaluation program (system simulation) was developed Including the result of experiment know-how Enhancement of 1.5 times efficiency comparing with conventional system was confirmed 22 全国 DHC データからデータ統計 建物側省エネ空調システムの調査 統合 program OK OK 年間時刻別暖房負荷 建物データの構築 動的熱負荷計算 (NewHASP/ACLD) 冷暖房負荷算出 集計 負荷計算結果の整合性の確認 最適標準モデルの検討 OK.txt NG 入力.xls prog 修正 年間時刻別冷房負荷 空調負荷計算 prog 建物用途 建物条件 室内設定条件 負荷条件 負荷パターン 建物側 sim 建物側システム選択搬送システム選択 DHC システム選択 空気側水側氷水水熱源種水側 DHC 側 sim 建物側搬送動力シミュレーション地域搬送動力シミュレーション熱源システムシミュレーション 換気ファン動力 温熱ヒータ動力 空調機 建物側 地域供給 冷却塔 冷却水 冷水 熱源機 ファン動力 ポンプ動力 ポンプ動力 動力 ポンプ動力 ポンプ動力 動力 年間全体エネルギー量算出 & グラフ化 最適システム判断 NG

23 3.6. Result of R&D Evaluation of system effectiveness (Simulation result) 1.5 times efficiency (If includes future R&D, estimation would be 1.7 times) > Boundary condition of system advantage was confirmed as well ng area 年 ] r conditioni al] 空調面積ああたりの年間一一次エネルギー使使用量 [MJ/m 2 umption / ai / m 2 *Annua nergy consu [MJ / Primary en 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, Efficiency times 効率 times 倍 Calculation verification 効率 1.0 倍 Air Trans 建物空気搬送 -portation Water 建物水搬送 Trans -portation District Heating and Cooling DHC 全体 ( 内訳なし ) Plant Heat source & Auxiliary 0 Conventional Actual result Building 建物側 Plant DHC 側 建物 Air 空気搬送 Water 建物水搬送 Water DHC 水搬送 Auxiliary 熱源補機 Heat source DHC 熱源 Trans -portation 搬送側 Heat 熱源側 source DHC Ice 氷水搬送 Trans -portation 1.5 times 効率 1.5 倍 Auxiliary Heater R&D Estimation 建物内温熱ヒーター Trans -portation 搬送側 Heat 熱源側 source DHC Ice 氷水搬送 Trans -portation 1.7 times 効率 1.7 倍 Auxiliary Heater 将来方式モデル R&D+Future Estimation 建物内温熱ヒーター Trans 搬送側 -portation Heat 熱源側 source 省エネセンター資料 (70,000m2~) 従来方式従来方式モデル (DHCは全国平均値) 開発方式提案方式モデル ( 現存製氷 COP2.49) 開発方式 ( 将来目標製氷 COP3.18) 一般的値との比較 DHC 側効率は全国平均値 (0.72) 既存技術使用将来製氷効率を1.5 倍 Reference 比較資料 Data Conventional Estimation シミュレーション結果 Calculated result 23

24 3.7.Achievement Ice transportation technology in High Density was developed Entire air-conditioning system integration by low temperature t (ice) utilization was packaged This system is consisted from many element technologies. This means each of technologies are able to apply other fields such as agriculture or factory use. Hopefully for the dissemination, application of element technologies would be connected to realization of entire system. 24

25 4.Next step for Commercialization 25 <Activity> Technical tour of experimental apparatus Participation to an exhibition Preparation of load map, website and leaflet

26 26 Thank you