Oil Spill Response In Ice

Transcription

1 Oil Spill Response In Ice PRESENTATION

2 General Approach Strategies and methods in OSRPs are based on existing and proven techniques. Strategies and equipment selected represent world s best practice and best available technology. SEIC OSR continues to assess new technology with a view to acquiring this and incorporating it into OSRPs. This an ongoing process and an ongoing commitment.

3 Ice-Breaking Standby Vessels Smit Vessel New Vessels

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5 Ice Conditions in NE Sakhalin The ice in the northeast of Sakhalin is not a solid sheet of unbroken ice but contains numerous open leads in which spilt oil will accumulate. Oil can be recovered from these. In addition, the ice-breaking vessels that will be on standby can break the ice, support other recovery vessels and expose any underlying oil. Prevailing ice conditions at these locations are described In Table 2.

6 Components of OSR and Ice Spill Prevention. Leak detection. Tracking and surveillance. Containment and recovery. In situ treatments; - In situ burning. - Use of dispersants. - Sediment reworking (Land and shorelines only). - Bioremediation (Land and shorelines only).

7 OSR in Broken Ice: Containment & Recovery 1 Methods are essentially the same as with open sea (non ice season ) response except that the use of booms is restricted (dependent on ice coverage). At higher ice covers, ice contains the oil allowing skimmers (rope mop systems, weir skimmers and disc systems) to recover the oil. These will be obtained and deployed on board the standby vessels. Final decision on manufacturer and design will depend on current assessments. Foxtail (Rope Mop System)

8 OSR in Broken Ice : Containment & Recovery 2 Disc Skimmer

9 OSR in Broken Ice : Containment & Recovery 3 Brush Skimmer

10 OSR in Broken Ice : Containment & Recovery 4 Brush Skimmer Ice Vibrating Skimmer

11 OSR under Ice: Containment & Recovery Methods are essentially the same as with broken ice conditions except that ice must first be broken using ice breakers. Recovery rates (skimmers) are expected to be lower due to the closure of openings by reforming ice. Methods for recovering oil beneath surface ice are being evaluated (see figure). Framo- Finland

12 OSR under Ice: Containment & Recovery Contour of Ice Bottom

13 OSR Oil in Broken Ice : In Situ Burning In situ burning is also an effective method. SEIC crude (Vityaz) is light, volatile with low aspahltenes. It will burn and is unlikely to result in a significant residue. Analysis is currently underway to determine the safe window for burning and the nature and fates of residues (NEBA/ EIA).

14 OSR in Broken Ice: Chemical Methods The use of dispersants in ice conditions is currently NOT included into the OSRPs. This is due to environmental concerns rather than doubts about effectiveness. Studies of their effectiveness are however being undertaken (with Exxon) and Investigation of potential adverse effects, particularly on marine algaes, are to be commissioned. This will culminate in a Net Environmental Benefit (NEBA) study of their use in winter.

15 Tracking and Surveillance (1): Modelling SEIC is committed to having a world-class oil spill tracking system capable or tracking oil in a variety of conditions. SEIC currently is upgrading its Marine Oil Spill Trajectory Model. The SEIC ice model can also be used to model oil in ice It is possible that no single model will prove reliable in modelling oil in all conditions (I.e. all year round). Surveillance will also be required This is no different than for oil on the open sea.

16 Tracking and Surveillance (2): Surveillance SEIC is committed to having an airborn remote sensing capability by the time of production. Methods for detecting oil on the surface of the sea already exist; - Visible. - Infra-Red (IR). - Ultraviolet (UV). - Laser Flourosensor. -FLIR. -LLTV. Use of satellite imagery is being investigated.

17 Tracking and Surveillance (3): Surveillance A number of ondeck systems are available and are known to work. These are being assessed and the best will be acquired for OSRV/Standby vessels for Phase 2 operations

18 Tracking and Surveillance (4): Surveillance

19 Tracking and Surveillance (5): Remote Sensing

20 Ongoing Work 1 SEIC is a willing participant in these efforts and also has its own research programme. This includes: Laboratory study of the behaviour, weathering and fate of SEIC crude oils under varying energies and sea temperatures. Laboratory study of effectiveness of burning of SEIC crudes and chemical constituency of residues fro various burn efficiencies. Laboratory investigation of dispersant efficiencies in ice conditions and open sea at various temperatures. Development of Safety Procedures for Working in Ice: Health & Safety Operational Handbook, which will include ice issues. Ongoing review and assessment of equipment and surveillance technology. Ongoing surveys of shorelines, pipeline routes and rivers to obtain environmental and OSR data.

21 Ongoing Work 2 Joint studies include: Further studies of the effectiveness of dispersants in waters with broken ice. A study into the use of herding agents Laboratory study of the effectiveness of time and low temperatures on the effectiveness of dispersants SINTEF Phase I A pre-project review of literature on the behaviour of oil in ice environments and the effectiveness of treatment and recovery methods. SINTEF Phase II This project will be a comprehensive program that studies the treatment and recovery methods that are prioritized from Phase I for different types of oil and ice conditions. Proposed controlled spill in Svaldvard, Norway during April 2006 to verify successful lab testing of Ground Penetrating Radar for detection and monitoring of a spill in ice.

22 Ongoing Work 3 SEIC is an active participant in the development of regional OSR capabilities and has indeed taken the lead in a number of initiatives: SEIC brokered a Memorandum of Understanding between oil companies on Sakhalin (both Foreign and Russian) to cooperate in OSR planning and mutual assistance during emergencies. This was the first agreement of its type in the RF. SEIC was the first Company to sign the Sakhalin Oblast Governor s MoU to assist in the development of a Tier 2 Oil Spill Response organization on Sakhalin Island. SEIC participates in the Sakhalin Oblast Governor s Working Group responsible for the development of the Tier 2 OSR Centres and has authored and provided key documents to the Group.