Mapping of Agricultural Donor Funding to Kenya

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1 University of Nairobi DEPARTMENT OF GEO-SPATIAL AND SPACE TECHNOCLOGY Mapping of Agricultural Donor Funding to Kenya Muthama Mary F56/68961/2013 Supervisor: Mr. Mwenda

2 Outline Background Objectives of the project Scope of the project Limitation Materials and Methods Findings Conclusions Recommendations

3 One day a rabbi stood up and told his congregation, "I have good news and bad news. The good news is, we have enough money to pay for our new building program. The bad news is, it's still out there in your pockets."

4 Background Over 10 million people in Kenya suffer from chronic food insecurity and poor nutrition Between two and four million people require emergency food assistance at any given time Nearly 30% of Kenya s children are classified as undernourished, and micronutrient deficiencies are widespread

5 Kenya depends heavily on agriculture, which makes up 27% of total GDP and employs over 70% of the working population. According to IFAD report, rural poverty in Kenya, 2010, agriculture-led growth in Kenya is more than twice as effective in reducing poverty as growth led by industry.

6 Kenya Agro-ecological Zones Zone I- Mountains and immediate surrounding such as Mt. Kenya and Mt Elgon no direct importance in agricultural production. Source of Rain. Zone II- Highlands of Kenya Areas surrounding of Mt Kenya High agricultural potential Zone III- Most significant for agricultural cultivation and several legume fodders are found here in crop-livestock systems. It is also the most resettled by human. Zone IV- It has lower rainfall of about mm. Potential Area for Agriculture and especially early maturing varieties for crops and horticutre Zone V-This zone is much drier than Zone IV and occurs at lower elevations. Annual rainfall is This Zone is prevalent in northern Baringo, Turkana, lower Makueni and vast parts of North Eastern Province. Zone VI- This zone is considered as semi desert and is the driest part of Kenya. Annual rainfall is mm and is quite unreliable. The zone is found in Marsabit, Turkana, Mandera and Wajir Districts. Zone VII-This is represented by Chalbi desert in Marsabit district. Pastoralists use it as a source of mineral lick for livestock, particularly during the rainy season.

7 In Kenya, the current budgetary allocation to the agriculture related ministries is 7 percent while the Ministry of Agriculture alone receives about 2 percent of the national budget. Given the limited financial resources available to most African governments, it has become critically important to mobilise additional resources, including those coming from bilateral and multilateral donors and the domestic and international private sector.

8 Main Objective of the Project To establish the major sources of donor funding to Agriculture in Kenya, agricultural aspects that receive the funding, the beneficiaries of the funds and use GIS to visualise these aspects on a map. Specific Objectives i. To determine the major sources of funding to Kenyan Agriculture ii. To determine the major beneficiaries to donor funding in Kenya iii. To establish areas lacking donor funding in Kenya iv. To identify the various agricultural aspects funded v. To map the county beneficiaries on a map

9 Scope of work I. Major donors to Kenyan Agriculture from the year 2000 to II. III. IV. It looks at the available data from the donors websites as well as collated aid data from the recommended sites. It only looks at the major agricultural aspects funded in Kenya including fishing, livestock, horticulture, Tea, Policy, Agribusiness, Agro-forestry, Natural resource Management and water & Irrigation. The main aim of the research is to be able to use GIS to visualise agricultural funding coming to Kenya

10 Limitation of the Study The project only considered data that is available on the websites. Several donors have not yet published their details. About eight hundred (800) projects was sampled and used for this project.

11 Materials & Methods Quantitative online research was used to collect data from the following sources:-aiddata.org OECD stats, IATI Data Registry, AIDA Development Gateway, World Bank, and Diva GIS.org. Quota Sampling was used to select 800 among over 4,000 projects. 800 Projects were used for this research

12 Findings 1)Who Funds Kenyan Agriculture Multilaterals- Multilaterals are agreements involving more than two nations/parties. Individual governments:- Including Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Private foundations e.g. BMGF

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14 2. Level of Support Kenya has received different level of support from the donors for Agricultural activities. A lot of support comes from the World Bank, Japan and the European community.

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16 3. Type of Assistance to Kenyan Agriculture Loans- Debt provided by one entity to anther at an interest Grants- Grants are non-repayable funds/products disbursed to a recipient, often (but not always) a nonprofit entity, educational institution, business or an individual Equity-Ownership interest or claim of a holder of common stock (ordinary shares) and some types of preferred stock (preference shares) of a company.

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18 Agricultural aspects funded Horticulture Water & Irrigation Tea Farming Policy Fish Farming Livestock Farming

19 Major beneficiaries to donor funding in Kenya

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22 Areas lacking donor funding in Kenya

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27 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATION Kenyan agriculture get a lot of support from major donors including the multilaterals, individual governments and Private foundations Donor efforts seems to concentrate on certain parts of the country leaving out areas of great potential. This can be attributed to lack of resource on economic conditions, duplication of donor efforts in the same zones, and lack of awareness of the availability of funds meant to lift Kenyan citizens out of abject poverty. Water and Irrigation can be used to improve agricultural production all over the country. Fish ponds can be used to compliment lake and ocean fish farming activities in the country. All parts of the country are suitable for livestock farming. Horticulture farming is suitable everywhere in the country. Tea is only supported in Kenya whereas there are many tea growing areas. Research needs to be done in institutions and all over the country to provide baseline information to help entrepreneurs and farmers make key decisions on agriculture.

28 Lack of locational information on the online databases is a limiting factor to the usefulness of these sites. There is need to provide geodatabases that users can query and visualise the available aid data. A mouse click providing visual data on the beneficiaries, the trend, the gaps, per donor per country would be a great information resource. The agricultural aspects being funded are too general and users would want to visualise the various specific aspects in each of the fields.

29 RECOMMENDATIONS 1) Encouraging all the donors to submit information to recommended websites like aid data.org to enhance transparency, eliminate duplication and maximize impact on their funds. 2) Donors to provide information on target locations and sites to be captured in the database as well. This information should be available on the project proposal documents and it s useful to ensure that gaps are identified and correct mapping is done. 3) The recommended online platforms like aiddata.org to Geo-code the available information to enhance visualization and decision making 4) Donors to be provided with links to the online platforms for decision making before they invest to Kenyan Agriculture 5) Online platforms to include or link up with organizations like FAO, KARI to get more information on potential areas for agriculture. This would enable investors to make decision on most favorable/productive sites for different agricultural activities. 6) Platforms to classify data in terms of areas of application for easy consumption. Most of the information available currently is on general classification, more detailed classification on each area of application would be very useful.

30 Thank you