Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance

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1 BRITISH STANDARD BS EN :2004 Incorporating corrigendum July 2009 and January 2011 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings ICS

2 National foreword This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 8 April 2005 This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN :2004, incorporating corrigendum July It supersedes DD ENV :1996, DD ENV :1996 and DD ENV :1996 which are withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by CEN corrigendum July 2009 is indicated in the text by ˆ. The structural Eurocodes are divided into packages by grouping Eurocodes for each of the main materials, concrete, steel, composite concrete and steel, timber, masonry and aluminium; this is to enable a common date of withdrawal (DOW) for all the relevant parts that are needed for a particular design. The conflicting national standards will be withdrawn at the end of the coexistence period, after all the EN Eurocodes of a package are available. Following publication of the EN, there is a period allowed for national calibration during which the National Annex is issued, followed by a coexistence period of a maximum three years. During the coexistence period Member States are encouraged to adapt their national provisions. At the end of this coexistent period the conflicting parts of national standards will be withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/8, Structures in seismic regions. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular application rule if several are proposed in the EN. To enable EN 1998 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available by BSI in due course, after public consultation has taken place. There are generally no requirements in the UK to consider seismic loading, and the whole of the UK may be considered an area of very low seismicity in which the provisions of EN 1998 need not apply. However, certain types of structure, by reason of their function, location or form, may warrant an explicit consideration of seismic actions. It is the intention in due course to publish separately background information on the circumstances in which this might apply in the UK. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication BSI 2011 Date Comments 28 February 2010 Implementation of CEN corrigendum July January 2011 Correction to title of Table 7.3 ISBN

3 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN December 2004 ICS Supersedes ENV :1994, ENV :1994, ENV :1995 Incorporating corrigendum July 2009 English version Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance - Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings Eurocode 8: Calcul des structures pour leur résistance aux séismes - Partie 1: Règles générales, actions sismiques et règles pour les bâtiments Eurocode 8: Auslegung von Bauwerken gegen Erdbeben - Teil 1: Grundlagen, Erdbebeneinwirkungen und Regeln für Hochbauten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 April CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN :2004: E

4 Contents Page FOREWORD GENERAL SCOPE Scope of EN Scope of EN Further Parts of EN NORMATIVE REFERENCES General reference standards Reference Codes and Standards ASSUMPTIONS DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION RULES TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Terms common to all Eurocodes Further terms used in EN SYMBOLS General Further symbols used in Sections 2 and 3 of EN Further symbols used in Section 4 of EN Further symbols used in Section 5 of EN Further symbols used in Section 6 of EN Further symbols used in Section 7 of EN Further symbols used in Section 8 of EN Further symbols used in Section 9 of EN Further symbols used in Section 10 of EN S.I. UNITS PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPLIANCE CRITERIA FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS COMPLIANCE CRITERIA General Ultimate limit state Damage limitation state Specific measures Design Foundations Quality system plan GROUND CONDITIONS AND SEISMIC ACTION GROUND CONDITIONS Identification of ground types SEISMIC ACTION Seismic zones Basic representation of the seismic action General Horizontal elastic response spectrum Vertical elastic response spectrum Design ground displacement Design spectrum for elastic analysis Alternative representations of the seismic action Time - history representation Spatial model of the seismic action Combinations of the seismic action with other actions DESIGN OF BUILDINGS GENERAL

5 4.1.1 Scope CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT BUILDINGS Basic principles of conceptual design Structural simplicity Uniformity, symmetry and redundancy Bi-directional resistance and stiffness Torsional resistance and stiffness Diaphragmatic behaviour at storey level Adequate foundation Primary and secondary seismic members Criteria for structural regularity General Criteria for regularity in plan Criteria for regularity in elevation Combination coefficients for variable actions Importance classes and importance factors STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Modelling Accidental torsional effects Methods of analysis General Lateral force method of analysis Modal response spectrum analysis Non-linear methods Combination of the effects of the components of the seismic action Displacement calculation Non-structural elements General Verification Importance factors Behaviour factors Additional measures for masonry infilled frames General Requirements and criteria Irregularities due to masonry infills Damage limitation of infills SAFETY VERIFICATIONS General Ultimate limit state General Resistance condition Global and local ductility condition Equilibrium condition Resistance of horizontal diaphragms Resistance of foundations Seismic joint condition Damage limitation General Limitation of interstorey drift SPECIFIC RULES FOR CONCRETE BUILDINGS GENERAL Scope Terms and definitions DESIGN CONCEPTS Energy dissipation capacity and ductility classes Structural types and behaviour factors Structural types Behaviour factors for horizontal seismic actions Design criteria General Local resistance condition Capacity design rule Local ductility condition

6 Structural redundancy Secondary seismic members and resistances Specific additional measures Safety verifications DESIGN TO EN General Materials Behaviour factor DESIGN FOR DCM Geometrical constraints and materials Material requirements Geometrical constraints Design action effects General Beams Columns Special provisions for ductile walls Special provisions for large lightly reinforced walls ULS verifications and detailing Beams Columns Beam-column joints Ductile Walls Large lightly reinforced walls DESIGN FOR DCH Geometrical constraints and materials Material requirements Geometrical constraints Design action effects Beams Columns Beam-column joints Ductile Walls ULS verifications and detailing Beams Columns Beam-column joints Ductile Walls Coupling elements of coupled walls PROVISIONS FOR ANCHORAGES AND SPLICES General Anchorage of reinforcement Columns Beams Splicing of bars DESIGN AND DETAILING OF SECONDARY SEISMIC ELEMENTS CONCRETE FOUNDATION ELEMENTS Scope Tie-beams and foundation beams Connections of vertical elements with foundation beams or walls Cast-in-place concrete piles and pile caps LOCAL EFFECTS DUE TO MASONRY OR CONCRETE INFILLS PROVISIONS FOR CONCRETE DIAPHRAGMS PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURES General Scope and structural types Evaluation of precast structures Design criteria Behaviour factors Analysis of transient situation Connections of precast elements General provisions Evaluation of the resistance of connections Elements

7 Beams Columns Beam-column joints Precast large-panel walls Diaphragms SPECIFIC RULES FOR STEEL BUILDINGS GENERAL Scope Design concepts Safety verifications MATERIALS STRUCTURAL TYPES AND BEHAVIOUR FACTORS Structural types Behaviour factors STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS DESIGN CRITERIA AND DETAILING RULES FOR DISSIPATIVE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR COMMON TO ALL STRUCTURAL TYPES General Design criteria for dissipative structures Design rules for dissipative elements in compression or bending Design rules for parts or elements in tension Design rules for connections in dissipative zones DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES Design criteria Beams Columns Beam to column connections DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR FRAMES WITH CONCENTRIC BRACINGS Design criteria Analysis Diagonal members Beams and columns DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR FRAMES WITH ECCENTRIC BRACINGS Design criteria Seismic links Members not containing seismic links Connections of the seismic links DESIGN RULES FOR INVERTED PENDULUM STRUCTURES DESIGN RULES FOR STEEL STRUCTURES WITH CONCRETE CORES OR CONCRETE WALLS AND FOR MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES COMBINED WITH CONCENTRIC BRACINGS OR INFILLS Structures with concrete cores or concrete walls Moment resisting frames combined with concentric bracings Moment resisting frames combined with infills CONTROL OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIC RULES FOR COMPOSITE STEEL CONCRETE BUILDINGS GENERAL Scope Design concepts Safety verifications MATERIALS Concrete Reinforcing steel Structural steel STRUCTURAL TYPES AND BEHAVIOUR FACTORS Structural types Behaviour factors STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Scope Stiffness of sections

8 7.5 DESIGN CRITERIA AND DETAILING RULES FOR DISSIPATIVE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR COMMON TO ALL STRUCTURAL TYPES General Design criteria for dissipative structures Plastic resistance of dissipative zones Detailing rules for composite connections in dissipative zones RULES FOR MEMBERS General Steel beams composite with slab Effective width of slab Fully encased composite columns Partially-encased members Filled Composite Columns DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR MOMENT FRAMES Specific criteria Analysis Rules for beams and columns Beam to column connections Condition for disregarding the composite character of beams with slab DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR COMPOSITE CONCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES Specific criteria Analysis Diagonal members Beams and columns DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR COMPOSITE ECCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES Specific criteria Analysis Links Members not containing seismic links DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS MADE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS COMPOSITE WITH STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENTS Specific criteria Analysis Detailing rules for composite walls of ductility class DCM Detailing rules for coupling beams of ductility class DCM Additional detailing rules for ductility class DCH DESIGN AND DETAILING RULES FOR COMPOSITE STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS Specific criteria Analysis Detailing rules CONTROL OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIC RULES FOR TIMBER BUILDINGS GENERAL Scope Definitions Design concepts MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES OF DISSIPATIVE ZONES DUCTILITY CLASSES AND BEHAVIOUR FACTORS STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS DETAILING RULES General Detailing rules for connections Detailing rules for horizontal diaphragms SAFETY VERIFICATIONS CONTROL OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIC RULES FOR MASONRY BUILDINGS SCOPE MATERIALS AND BONDING PATTERNS

9 9.2.1 Types of masonry units Minimum strength of masonry units Mortar Masonry bond TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION AND BEHAVIOUR FACTORS STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS DESIGN CRITERIA AND CONSTRUCTION RULES General Additional requirements for unreinforced masonry satisfying EN Additional requirements for confined masonry Additional requirements for reinforced masonry SAFETY VERIFICATION RULES FOR SIMPLE MASONRY BUILDINGS General Rules BASE ISOLATION SCOPE DEFINITIONS FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS COMPLIANCE CRITERIA GENERAL DESIGN PROVISIONS General provisions concerning the devices Control of undesirable movements Control of differential seismic ground motions Control of displacements relative to surrounding ground and constructions Conceptual design of base isolated buildings SEISMIC ACTION BEHAVIOUR FACTOR PROPERTIES OF THE ISOLATION SYSTEM STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS General Equivalent linear analysis Simplified linear analysis Modal simplified linear analysis Time-history analysis Non structural elements SAFETY VERIFICATIONS AT ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE ANNEX A (INFORMATIVE) ELASTIC DISPLACEMENT RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANNEX B (INFORMATIVE) DETERMINATION OF THE TARGET DISPLACEMENT FOR NONLINEAR STATIC (PUSHOVER) ANALYSIS ANNEX C (NORMATIVE) DESIGN OF THE SLAB OF STEEL-CONCRETE COMPOSITE BEAMS AT BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS IN MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES

Eurocode 6 Design of masonry structures

BRITISH STANDARD Eurocode 6 Design of masonry structures BS EN 1996-1-1:2005 Incorporating corrigenda February 2006 and July 2009 Part 1-1: General rules for reinforced and unreinforced masonry structures