Travis Gannon North Carolina State University Herbicides: What is New and What is Different?
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1 Travis Gannon North Carolina State University Herbicides: What is New and What is Different?
2 Why Are Weeds Present in Turfgrass? Weeds are the result of improperly managed turf.
3 What is Properly Managed Turfgrass? The turf species must be adapted to its environment Is the turf species shade tolerant or does it require full sun? St. Augustine, tall fescue, fine fescue, perennial bluegrass species can tolerate some shade Bermudagrass requires full sunlight.
4 What is Properly Managed Turfgrass? Turf must be mowed at proper height and frequency. Amend soils according to soil test reports Fertilize according to species requirements and soil test reports Perform cultural practices as needed Aerification, vertical mowing, etc.
5 What is Properly Managed Turfgrass? The turf must be fertilized at the proper time with the proper rate and technique.
6
7 Weed Control Procedures A successful weed management strategy should integrate the following weed control measures: Preventative Mechanical Cultural Biological Chemical
8 Chemical Weed Control Herbicides are short-term solutions and can t compensate for poorly managed turf. Herbicides will not eliminate weeds permanently, but correcting the origin of turf stress may.
9 Herbicides General weed control Specific hard to control weeds New products
10 General annual grass control
11 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass (Preemergence Control) Generally apply before Mar 15 Single or split applications (Split rates 8 weeks apart) Many Available Products (lb ai/a) benefin (Balan) - 3 benefin + trifluralin (Team Pro) - 3 bensulide (Betasan) - 10 dithiopyr (Dimension / Ultra) 0.5 oxadiazon (Ronstar) - 3 pendimethalin (Pre-M) - 3 prodiamine (Barricade 65WG) 0.75
12 PRE Weed Management Strategies When Do Weeds Emerge? Applying PRE crabgrass herbicides early (January or sooner) usually will not affect the length of control, because the soil microbes that will eventually break down the herbicides are not active until soil temperatures increase. PRE crabgrass herbicides are effective for approximately 200 days once microbial activity begins.
13 % Control Goosegrass and Smooth Crabgrass Control LSD ( P =.05) Hammerlock Plus 0.43G Barricade Plus 0.43G Lesco Prod. 65WG Syngenta Prod. 65WG 20 0 c bc ab a bc d Goosegrass b b a a a c Smooth crabgrass (174 DAT) (175 DAT) Syngenta Prod. 4F All trts applied at 0.65 lb ai/a
14 % Control Smooth Crabgrass Control in Tall Fescue LSD ( P =.05) Barricade 65WG Dimen. Ultra 40WP Pend. Aqua Cap 3.8CS Pendulum 2G Surflan 4F Team Pro 0.86G Check 0 Single - Full Rate Split - Half Rate 2X (175 DAIT) Trt Dates: Mar 11 and May 9
15 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass Preemergence Control Athletic Fields and High Traffic Areas Avoid dinitroaniline herbicides Balan, Team Pro, Pre-M, Barricade Root inhibitors (affect turfgrasses also) Heavy traffic can shear roots Avoid Dimension Ultra also Options Ronstar G does not inhibit root growth
16 Photo Taken St. Augustinegrass Nontreated St. Augustinegrass Barricade 65WG Spring, 2001 Clubbed roots
17 Hard to control weeds
18 Dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum)
19 Current Chemical Control Currently, chemical control of dallisgrass is neither efficient, nor cost effective Typical programs include multiple applications of MSMA or spot treatment with glyphosate These control methods are not entirely effective and may be quite injurious to bermudagrass
20 Revolver Post-emergent sulfonylurea herbicide Weed Control goosegrass, annual bluegrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, henbit, doveweed, etc. Suppression of centipedegrass Transition from ryegrass to bermudagrass Dallisgrass control?
21 % Dallisgrass Control % Dallisgrass Control 12 WAIT efg a bc de efg Herbicide Treatments b Rev fb Rev 1WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1WAIT MSMA fb Rev 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 2WAIT fb MSMA 3WAIT MSMA 2 apps MSMA 3 apps Revolver applied at 2 fl oz/1000ft², MSMA applied at 2 lb ai/a
22 % Dallisgrass Control % Dallisgrass Control 12 WAIT (Revolver applied 1 vs 2 WAIT) bc cd de ef efg fghi fgh hijk Rev 1 WAIT Rev 2 WAIT Herbicide Treatments MSMA fb Rev 0.6 1WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.2 1WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.5 1WAIT MSMA fb Rev 2 1WAIT MSMA fb Rev 0.6 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.2 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.5 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 2 2WAIT Revolver rates were applied at fl oz product/1000ft², MSMA applied at 2 lb ai/a
23 % Dallisgrass Control % Dallisgrass Control 12 WAIT (Additional MSMA Application) a a a a bc de cd fgh MSMA fb Rev MSMA fb Rev fb MSMA Herbicide Treatments MSMA fb Rev 0.6 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.2 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.5 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 2 2WAIT MSMA fb Rev 0.6 2WAIT fb MSMA 3WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.2 2WAIT fb MSMA 3WAIT MSMA fb Rev 1.5 2WAIT fb MSMA 3WAIT MSMA fb Rev 2 2WAIT fb MSMA 3WAIT Revolver rates were applied at fl oz product/1000ft², MSMA applied at 2 lb ai/a
24 Rev 2 fl oz/m fb Rev 2 fl oz/m 1WAIT
25 MSMA 2 lb ai/a fb Rev 2 fl oz/m 1WAIT
26 MSMA 2 lb ai/a fb Rev 2 fl oz/m 2WAIT
27 MSMA 2 lb ai/a fb MSMA 1WAIT
28 MSMA 2 lb ai/a fb MSMA 1WAIT fb MSMA 2WAIT
29 MSMA fb Rev 2 fl oz/m 2WAIT fb MSMA 3WAIT
30 Conclusions MSMA fb Revolver 2 WAIT fb MSMA 3 WAIT provided the highest level of control 12 WAIT (93%) No other treatments provided similar dallisgrass control 12 WAIT
31 Annual bluegrass control in overseeded ryegrass
32 Problems with Overseeding Bermudagrass Decreased herbicide options for weed control Increased weed incidence annual bluegrass
33 % Control Rates are lb ai/a applied 10 WBO, ratings taken 5-8 Annual Bluegrass Control a 80 80ab 70abc Barricade c Barricade.75 Ronstar 2 40 Pendulum
34 % Control Annual Bluegrass Control a 94a 80 71abc Barricade bc 45c Barricade.5 Ronstar 2 Pendulum 2 20 Dimension.5 0 Rates are lb ai/a applied 8 WBO, ratings
35 % Control Annual Bluegrass Control a 88a 91a 80ab Dimension.5 6WBO Rates are lb ai/a, ratings taken 5-8 Balan WBO Balan 2 X WBO&6WAO Barricade 2 X.38 8WBO&4WAO
36 Nontreated Barricade.75 10WBO
37 Barricade.5 10WBO Ronstar 2 10WBO
38 Pendulum 2 10WBO Barricade.5 8WBO
39 Barricade.38 8WBO Barricade 2 x.38 8WBO&4WAO
40 Ronstar 2 8WBO Pendulum 2 8WBO
41 Dimension.5 8WBO Dimension.5 6WBO
42 Balan WBO Balan 2 x WBO&6WAO
43 Conclusions Excellent Good Fair Barricade.5 10WBO Barricade.75 10WBO Barricade.38 8WBO Barricade.5 8WBO Balan 2 x WBO&6WAO Barricade 2 x.38 8WBO&4WAO Balan WBO Dimension.5 6WBO Dimension.5 8WBO Pendulum 2 8WBO Ronstar 2 8WBO
44 Conclusions Able to achieve annual bluegrass control in overseeded perennial ryegrass Proper rate and application time is extremely crucial to results obtained
45 New Products
46 Contains: triclopyr 33% or 2.25 lb ae/gal and clopyralid 12.1% or 0.75 lb ae/gal Confront
47 Confront Effective in controlling leguminous and select other broadleaf weeds including: Dandelion Clover spp. Common ragweed Canada and musk thistle Shepherd s purse Curly dock Virginia pepperweed Goldenrod Chickweed spp. Lespedeza Cocklebur Poison ivy Common vetch Yellow woodsorrel Beggarweed spp. Creeping woodsorrel False dandelion Wild violet Henbit Plantain spp. Spurweed
48 Millenium Ultra Contains amine salts of: 2,4-D 37.3% or 3 lbs/gal plus clopyralid 5.1% or lbs/gal plus Dicamba 4.7% or lbs/gal
49 Millenium Ultra Effective in controlling leguminous and select other broadleaf weeds including: Black medic Bull, Canada, musk thistle Chickweed Clover Henbit Lespedeza Oxalis Plantains Poison ivy and oak Poorjoe Purslane Red sorrel Speedwell Spurge Wild carrot Wild garlic Wild violet
50 Escalade Contains: 2,4-D 39.5% or 3.2 lb/gal, fluroxypyr 11.8% or 0.8 lb/gal and dicamba 4.1% or 0.4 lb/gal
51 Escalade Controls broadleaf weeds including: Black medic Dogfennel Prickly sida Carolina geranium Ground ivy Purple deadnettle Chickweed sp. Hairy bittercress Serecea lespedeza Clover sp. Hairy vetch Thistle sp. Common purslane Henbit V. buttonweed Curly dock Knotweed Cutleaf even. Primrose Oxalis Dandelion sp. Plantain sp.
52 Escalade Escalade Low Odor Contains: 2,4-D 39.5% 50.6% or or lb/gal, lb/gal, fluroxypyr 11.8% 7.3% or or0.8 lb/gal and dicamba 4.1% 3.4% or or lb/gal lb/gal
53 Escalade Low Odor Controls broadleaf weeds including: Dandelion Chickweed Black medic Plantain Oxalis Clover Thistle
54 Spotlight Contains: Contains: triclopyr 33% fluroxypyr or 2.25 lb 26.2% ae/gal or and 1.5 clopyralid lb ae/gal 12.1% or 0.75 lb ae/gal
55 Effective in controlling broadleaf weeds including: Virginia buttonweed Chickweed White clover Ground ivy Black medic Slender speedwell Velvetleaf Woodsorrel Hairy bittercress Poorjoe Dogfennel Carolina geranium Spotlight Catsear dandelion Sirecea lespedeza Cutleaf eveningprimrose Broadleaf pink purslane Curly dock Prickly sida Hairy vetch Hemp dogbane Common dandelion Henbit Prostrate knotweed plantains
56 Surge Contains: sulfentrazone 0.06 lb ai/gal 2,4-D 1.4 lb ai/gal MCPP 0.5 lb ai/gal Dicamba 0.22 lb ai/gal
57 Surge Effectively controls broadleaf weeds including: Plantains Carpetweed Clover Dandelion Lespedeza Dollarweed Chickweed
58 Spotlight Revolver Contains: Contains: foramsulfuron triclopyr % lb or ai/gal 2.25 lb ae/gal and clopyralid 12.1% or 0.75 lb ae/gal
59 Revolver Effective in controlling: Perennial ryegrass for transition Clumpy ryegrass Goosegrass Dallisgrass (in combination with MSMA) Annual bluegrass in non-overseeded areas Select winter annual broadleaf weeds
60 Spotlight TranXit Contains: Contains: Rimsulfuron triclopyr 25DF 33% or 2.25 lb ae/gal and clopyralid 12.1% or 0.75 lb ae/gal
61 TranXit Effective in controlling: Perennial ryegrass for transition Clumpy ryegrass Annual bluegrass in non-overseeded areas Select winter annual broadleaf weeds
62 Spotlight Certainty Contains: Contains: Sulfosulfuron triclopyr 75WG 33% or 2.25 lb ae/gal and clopyralid 12.1% or 0.75 lb ae/gal
63 Certainty Effective in controlling: Perennial ryegrass for transition Annual and perennial sedge and kyllinga species Dallisgrass (limited research has been conducted) Annual bluegrass in non-overseeded areas Select winter annual broadleaf weeds
64 Monument Spotlight Contains: Trifloxysulfuron triclopyr 75WG 33% or 2.25 lb ae/gal and clopyralid 12.1% or 0.75 lb ae/gal
65 Monument Effective in controlling: Perennial ryegrass for transition Annual and perennial sedge and kyllinga species Annual bluegrass in non-overseeded areas Select winter annual broadleaf weeds
66 How to Use Sulfonylurea Herbicides Properly?
67 Issues with SUs Transition Timing of application Application rate Tank-mix partners Proximity to cool-season grasses Timing of application
68 Transitioning with SUs SUs remove overseeded ryegrass very quickly Therefore, it is best suited as a late season transition aid Don t work as well under cooler temperatures Bermudagrass needs to be actively growing
69 Proximity to Cool-Season Grasses Two problems Lateral movement Tracking
70 and very phytotoxic to perennial ryegrass Metsulfuron is highly water soluble
71 Monument 0.56 oz/a
72 TranXit 2 oz/a
73 Revolver 17.4 oz/a
74 Manor 0.5 oz/a
75 Kerb 3 lb/a
76 Monument 0.56 oz/a
77 Monument 0.56 oz/a
78 Monument 0.56 oz/a
79 Precautions When Using Sulfonylurea Herbicides Apply to dry foliage after golf and equipment traffic have left for day Lightly irrigate next morning and allow to dry before golf or equipment traffic is allowed Maintain nontreated buffer around sensitive species
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