Safety philosophy and SMS controlling safety in chemical company. Hannu Alen Mireille Creno-Chauveau

Transcription

1 Safety philosophy and SMS controlling safety in chemical company Hannu Alen Mireille Creno-Chauveau

2 Occupational Health and Safety Management System 2

3 What is different in our approach compared to traditional OHS management systems? Focusing on changing the safety culture: - how the safety culture can be changed - A. Management commitment B. Performance measuring and positive feedback mechanism 3

4 The Safety Culture It is now generally recognised that the management of health and safety should embrace in a holistic way the interactions between the working environment and equipment, management systems and procedures, and the people within the organisation. 4

5 Definition of Safety Culture Safety culture has been defined as consisting of: shared values (what is important), and beliefs (how things work). That interact with an organisation s structure and control systems will produce: behavioural norms (the way we do things around here). 5

6 The safety culture of an organisation is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies, and patterns of behaviour. They determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of, an organisation s health and safety management. Organisations with a positive safety culture are characterised by communications founded on mutual trust, by shared perceptions of the importance of safety and by confidence in the efficacy of preventive measures. ACSNI Human Factors Study Group: Third report - Organising for safety HSE Books

7 Key aspects of an effective culture Management commitment: this commitment produces higher levels of motivation and concern for health and safety throughout the organisation. The active involvement of senior management in the health and safety system is very important. Visible management: Managers need to be seen to lead by example when it comes to health and safety. Good managers appear regularly on the shop floor, talk about health and safety and visibly demonstrate their commitment by their actions such as stopping production to resolve issues. 7

8 Key aspects (cont.) Good communications between all levels of employee: in a positive culture questions about health and safety should be part of everyday work conversations. Management should listen actively to what they are being told by employees, and take what they hear seriously. Active employee participation in safety is important, to build ownership of safety at all levels and exploit the unique knowledge that employees have of their own work. In companies with a good culture, you will find the story from employees and management being consistent, and safety is seen as a joint exercise. 8

9 A. Management commitment Management should drive health and safety by: Setting policy, and health and safety objectives. Providing adequate resources to implement the policy. Including health and safety at all levels of management functions and decisions. Consulting with employees. Monitoring and reviewing to check effectiveness of policy and the whole system. Commitment implies, for example, putting decisions into practice, discussing safety at management meetings, regular workplace tours, and involvement in safety or health investigations. 9

10 Group discussion I Role of top management How top management shows their commitment to OSH??

11 Health and Safety at Work, the starting point In order to make our working environment safe, we need to find the hazards from our workplace, then we need to find out if those hazards can cause an accident or a health problem (= a work related disease), i.e. we need to assess the risks. How we can do such an identification? 11

12 Workplace risk assessment Based on legislation, standards and exposure limit values Do the working conditions comply with requirements? Also: Identification & evaluation of nonregulated hazards Possible new chemicals or type of machines etc. Other non-regulated or inaccurately regulated hazards; e.g. order and tidiness (housekeeping) And: It can include more general work analysis Productivity, quality, environment 12

13 EU FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE on the safety and health of workers at work (89/391/EEC) Article 6 General obligations on employers: 1. Within the context of his responsibilities, the employer shall take the measures necessary for the safety and health protection of workers, including prevention of occupational risks and provision of information and training, as well as provision of the necessary organization and means. how to comply with this provision? 13

14 Useful means to find hazards are for example Walking around and looking at the workplace; there are standard industry specific checklists which can also be used (3T RA, etc.); Involving employees by talking with them, by group works, or by questionnaire surveys; Looking at the accident and near-accident records and investigation reports. Hygienic measurements (e.g. noise, dust, chemicals, lightning, vibration etc.) Review of the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for chemicals. 14

15 Safety report the operator shall produce a safety report for the purposes of: demonstrating that a major-accident prevention policy and a safety management system have been put into effect; demonstrating that major-accident hazards have been identified and that the necessary measures have been taken to prevent such accidents and to limit their consequences; demonstrating that adequate safety and reliability have been incorporated into the design, construction, operation and maintenance of any installation, storage facility, equipment and infrastructure

16 Selection of RA method A simple matrix tool for assessing the risks could be used also in high-risk sectors of the project as a general risk assessing tool. Later on one could use more sophisticated risk assessing methods like hazard and operability studies (HAZOP), fault three methods, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Human Reliability Assessment (HRA), etc. 16

17 RA by 3T 17

18 WHAT is a HAZOP?? A hazard and operability study (or HAZOP) is a systematic, critical examination by a team of the engineering and operating intentions of a process to assess the hazard potential of mal operation or mal function of individual items of equipment and the consequential effects on the facility as a whole.

19 Group discussion II Risk assessment Describe charasteristics of good risk assessment

20 Health surveillance Early recognition and prevention of occupational diseases and work-related risks (medical examinations); Provision of recommendations for improvement of working conditions; Informing and advising the employees about work related illnesses. The starting point for health surveillance is the workplace risk assessment 20

21 Training Assess the training needs of your work force in order to find missing skills. You should use different kind of training methods and approaches. Usually classroom type of training is not productive in small SMEs. Try to engage your workers, your experts and your contractors, and remember that training and communication are two-way approaches.

22 Management of contractors Different kind of agreements Long time agreements with contractors (partners) Short time contractors (projects etc.) Subcontracting (chain)

23 Management of contractors Selection of contractors Setting also OSH criterias (indicators, skills) Discussions with contractors management (common understanding, what OSH means on this workplace) Training needs of workers Following of contractors` performance in OSH (auditing, inspecting) Every employer is responsible of his own workers Giving feedback in OSH (at the end of project or agreement)

24 Emergency preparednes Emergencies can arise in various forms: human-caused incidents / accidents fire and explosions, release of hazardous materials and gases, earthquakes, floods and bad weather conditions, outbreak of infectious diseases, and sabotage.

25 Emergency preparednes details of actions to be taken by the personnel, contractors their roles and responsibilities, evacuation procedures, escape routes, so called emergency exits, communication with emergency services and other interested parties like other companies(people, local community, media) information necessary for undertaking emergency response Seveso-sites internal plan, information to local rescue service for external emergency plan Training (also contractors)

26 Performance measuring and positive feedback mechanism Risk assessment and management is not enough, we need a tool for performance monitoring. Performance monitoring tool is needed for monitoring the development of OHS conditions, and for getting positive feedback from our efforts in improving OHS. 26

27 SAFETY PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT THE AREAS TO BE COVERED TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND GOOD PRACTICE BELIEFS, VALUES, BEHAVIOURS (CULTURE) PEOPLE PLANT AND EQUIPMENT FAILURES INJURIES, ILLNESSES, DAMAGE, ETC SYSTEMS AND PROCEDURES COMPLIANCE, ADEQUACY, MAINTENANCE source: Safety Performance Measurement

28 Group discussion III Positive indicators Tell examples of actions or safety activities,which you can measure by using positive indicators

29 Management review OSH-MS can be reviewed also by using the OSH Management System Rating (OSH-MSR) form which is attached as Annex E of China-OSH MS manual. internal audit reports, committee meetings during the year from the important issues on the agenda and their analysis of incident and accident reports, OSH related statistics, occupational health activities, risk analysis and correction of reports on requested issues, compliance with legal requirements, and the previous management review

30 Safety management Banks Insurance companies Safety authorities Customers Suppliers Contractors Company Visitors Partners Neighbours Tax authorities Share holders Experts Competitors

31 ILO OSH Management System Policy Action for improvement Organizing Evaluation Planning & Implementation

32 SUMMARY Management responsibility in OHS Organizing OHS with clear responsibilities Involvement of workers Monitoring working environment Special arrangements (OHS Board, OHS Experts, OH Services) in all enterprises, not only in bigger ones but also in smaller ones Gradual change in safety culture 32