Towards a European Drought Observatory (EDO)

Transcription

1 JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 1 Towards a European Drought Observatory (EDO) Jürgen Vogt European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Ispra (VA), Italy

2 Characteristics of of Drought JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 2 Temporary decrease in natural water availability Drought Different from water scarcity (imbalance between natural water availability and human demand) Slowly developing phenomenon Affects large areas and populations Propagates through the full hydrological cycle Can have long-term and far reaching economic and environmental impacts

3 Area Affected by by Drought JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 3 EU area affected by drought in the last 30 years km In the last 30 years Europe has repeatedly been affected by major droughts In the past, focus on the Mediterranean region Central and Eastern Europe as well as other parts of Europe become increasingly affected From 2000 to 2006, 15% of the EU territory and 17% of the EU population have been affected on an annual basis Source: European Commission, 2007 (WS&D, 2 nd Interim Report)

4 Drought Impacts JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 4 Economic Impacts: Last 30 years: estimated cost of at least 100 billion Euros 2003: estimated 6.7 billion Euros, 1/3 of EU territory affected Annual economic impact doubled from to Period Total Impact Impact/year TOTAL Environmental Impacts: Drought can cause serious long-term environmental impacts (e.g., water quality, salinization, desiccation of wetlands, soil erosion, desertification, ) These impacts are difficult to quantify and data are generally lacking Source: European Commission, 2007 (WS&D, 2 nd Interim Report)

5 EDO Context JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 5 Communication on Water Scarcity and Drought COM(2007)414Final EDO JRC yearly water scarcity indicators yearly aggregated drought indicators EEA WS&D-IS Global Drought Monitoring System European Reporting and Information System (WISE) Network Network EDO European Drought Observatory WS&D IS Water Scarcity & Drought Information System

6 EDO -- Vision JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 6 Web-based Platform for detection, monitoring, forecasting and information exchange Provide up-to-date drought-related information at different scales Allow for up- and downscaling Europe Real-time monitoring and forecasting (early warning, preparedness) Multi-scale approach, integrating Continental level MS level Regional level Commonly agreed products (e.g., drought indices) Joint comparison and analysis of information Spain Subsidiarity principle European level information processed by JRC National datasets managed at MS level Regional information processed by river basin / regional environmental authorities Ebro basin

7 Using a Variety of of Drought Indicators JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 7 No single definition of drought Need for a set of indicators to constantly monitor the various environmental components potentially affected by droughts comprehensive and updated picture of the situation

8 EDO System Setup JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 8 European Data Layers LC/LU Products Rainfall Anomalies Soil DEM Soil Moisture Anomalies Meteorological Data Stations RBs MONITORING & MODELLING Hydrological Processes Vegetation Vigour Fields Forecasts VEGETATION STATE EDO Map Server Remote Sensing Data Land Surface Processes FAPAR NDWI Time Series Relevant Authorities: European level, Member States, River Basins,

9 Precipitation Analysis JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 9 Monthly Precipitation Anomaly (SPI-1) April 2010, 5km grid Monthly Precipitation Anomaly (SPI-1) April 2010, average per region

10 Precipitation Analysis JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 10 SPI-3 SPI value SPI SPI < SPI < SPI < SPI < SPI < SPI < Class name Extremely wet Very wet Moderately wet Near normal Moderately dry Severe dry Extremely dry Córdoba, today 3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for 02-04/2010, aggregated to regional level

11 Soil Soil Moisture Information JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid April April 2010 Until 22 April 2010 Until 22 April very wet very dry wetter normal drier wetter normal drier wetter no change drier Soil Moisture Soil Moisture Anomaly Soil Moisture Anomaly Forecast (7 days) Soil Moisture Trend (7 days) Based on the LISFLOOD hydrological model 5km spatial resolution

12 Vegetation Vitality JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 12 Satellite Observations fapar, May km resolution Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar) fapar Anomaly, May 2009

13 Multisource Drought Monitoring JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 13 Anomalies of Vegetation Vigour, Soil Moisture, and Precipitation (SPI3) Non-irrigated arable land SE Spain Drought events in 2005 and 2006.

14 EDO Map Map Server: Output Options JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 14 Maps (Grid and administrative units) Time Series (Specific queries possible) PDF Reports, JPGs KML file

15 Next Steps JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid Europe: Further development and validation of indicators 2. Europe: Building of composite indicator 3. Harmonisation and integration with national, regional and river basin systems - EUROGEOSS project data and information infrastructure - Water Scarcity and Drought Expert Network - Drought Management Centre for South East Europe (DMCSEE), Ljubljana, Slovenia - Observatorio Nacional de Sequías (MARM, Spain) - Confederación Hidrografica del Ebro (CHE, Spain) - Segura River Basin (Spain) - Italy, France, UK,

16 Multi-level Drought Monitoring JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 16 Joint Research Centre Drought Monitoring and Forecasting - Rainfall monitoring - Vegetation Cover - Soil Moisture p g y p yp Ministerio de Medio Ambiente (MARM) Observatorio Nacional de la Sequía Sistema Integrado de Información del Agua (SIA) e.g. drought indicators, actual ET, Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro SAIH Ebro, SITEbro hydrographic indicators

17 Next Steps JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid Build a database on past drought events 5. Hazard, vulnerability and risk analysis 6. Impact analysis (e.g., land cover analysis, economic and ecological damages, ) 7. Drought forecasting 8. Develop a comprehensive Drought Portal, including - EDO Map Server - Metadata - Database on past drought events - To support drought management planning and drought mitigation EDO Prototype to be ready by end 2012

18 JRC Information Exchange Day 02 June 2010 Madrid 18 Thank you! Further Information: