A NUCLEAR RENAISSANCE

Transcription

1 A NUCLEAR RENAISSANCE Ping Wan The Tenth Nuclear Utility Meteorological Data Users Group Meeting June 2005

2 2 Concerns in Development of Nuclear Power High front-end project development and plant capital costs Perceived adverse safety, environmental and health effects lack of public acceptance and stake-holder support Potential security risks stemming from proliferation and potential terrorist attack Long-term management of nuclear wastes Securing financing for project to be built in developing country

3 3 Recent Nuclear Power Industry Movement Nuclear Technology Advances Capable of: Enhanced safety features : passive safety features Reducing severe accident possibility : multiple safety systems, backup, designed to accommodate human error Producing less radioactive waste releases Promotion in Innovative and Proliferation-resistant Nuclear Technologies Strengthening Nuclear Safety Worldwide : building a global nuclear safety culture through international collaboration Nuclear Regulatory Reform in the United States

4 4 U.S. Nuclear Energy Quick facts nuclear plants - 20% of the nation s electricity % capacity factor - No new contracts since No new plants since >23,000 MWe of new capacity since 1990

5 5 U.S. Nuclear Drivers Safe Proven nuclear plant performance Affordable Energy security/energy independence Emission free Energy demand

6 6 U.S. Energy Demand 50 Percent More Electricity Needed by 2025 Commercial Use Residential Use Industrial Use 3,839B kwh ,787B kwh Source: U.S. Department of Energy

7 7 Formula for New Plant Deployment Energy Policy Proven Technology Financials Regulatory Certainty Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure Public and Bipartisan Support

8 8 U.S./DOE - Nuclear Power 2010 Call for building new nuclear power plants by Support engineering of advanced designs. Validate regulatory process. Develop concepts to mitigate financing risks. Cost share industry/government.

9 9 Proven Technology Approved -ABWR - AP AP System 80+ Certification Process - ESBWR - ACR EPR (in near future)

10 10 New Nuclear Reactor Designs General Electric ABWR NRC-certified design Two units operating in Japan; two under construction in Taiwan Improved safety systems ~1350 MWe per unit Westinghouse AP600/1000 AP600 design is NRC certified AP1000 (1117 MWe) under NRC review Passive safety systems, simplified design, modular construction Westinghouse IRIS Single integral pressure vessel Accident scenarios engineered out of design Passive safety systems ~335 MWe per unit PBMR Pty. Ltd. Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Innovative fuel design Gas cooled On-line refueling ~120 MWe per module General Atomic GT-MHR Gas cooled Underground construction Integral turbine-generator and compressor ~286 MWe per module

11 11 Economic Competitiveness of Nuclear Power Energy Efficiency Plant Reliability Global Warming Potential Air Pollutant Emissions Acid Runoff Deforestation Energy security Extremely efficiency Compare well with others No greenhouse gases Insignificant None None Increased fuel diversification

12 Financial Certainty New Nuclear Power Plant Cost Comparison to Coal and Gas (capital and O/M cost) Nuclear Coal Gas No policy assistance $47 $71 per MWh $33 $41 per MWh $35 $45 per MWh Engineering costs (3 plants); no policy assistance $31 $46 per MWh $33 $41 per MWh $35 $45 per MWh Limited production and investment tax credit for nuclear $25 $45 per MWh $33 $41 per MWh $35 $45 per MWh Note: Under a greenhouse gas reduction policy, the capital cost of new fossilfuel plants would increase significantly, according to the University of Chicago study. Coal-fired plants would cost $83 to $91 per megawatthour (MWh) and gas-fired plants would cost $58 to $68 per MWh. Source: University of Chicago study; MWh=megawatt-hour 12

13 13 Spent Fuel Management Near-term Solutions - Yucca Mountain Long-term solutions - Nonproliferation fuel - Generation IV technology

14 14 U.S. Regulatory Reform Provide Regulatory Certainty - Early Site Approval - Design Certification - Combined License for Construction and Operation (COL)

15 Part 50 & 52 Licensing Process Comparison 15

16 16 Part 52 Licensing Process Siting Equivalent Environmental Information OR Early Site Permit Application Staff Review ACRS Review Mandatory Hearing Early Site Permit Decision COL Application for Combined License (COL) Staff Review ACRS Review Mandatory Hearing Decision on COL Construction and ITAAC Completion Finding on ITAAC Application for Design Certification Staff Review ACRS Review Certification Rulemaking/ Hearing Decision on Design Certification OR Design Equivalent Design Information

17 17 Economic Benefits Part 52 improvements in economic risk issues of nuclear power: Allows reduced siting risk by Early Site Permitting Allows siting to proceed without commitment to a single design Allows reduced licensing risk by use of a certified design Allows design certainty at the time of construction Provides for step-wise financial commitment

18 Hypothetical Deployment Schedule and Financial Commitment for New Nuclear Generation ESP Year 18 SER Issued EIS Issued LWA-1 ESP Issued Submit Application Start Application COL Issued SER Issued LWA-2 Issued Submit Application Hearings ESP Prepare ESP Review Start Application Hearings COL Preparation COL Review COL First Safety-Related Concrete ~ ~~~ Site Engineering FOAK Engineering Procurement Planning Site Specific Engineering Engineering ITAAC Fuel Load In Service Construction Site Preparation Plant Deployment 100% Plant Deployment Cumulative Expenditures Engineering COL 0% ESP /04-1

19 Demonstrating the Process Energy Bill NP-2010 E S P C O L Government and Industry NuStart (Testing the Process) Certification (Cost Studies) 19

20 20 Evidence of U.S. Nuclear Revival New Nuclear Capacity Equivalent to 23 new 1,000 MW power plants (uprates, capacity factors and 3 new plants) License Renewals - Granted : 32 - In NRC Review : 16 - Renewal Intent : 25 - Not Announced : 31 Browns Ferry #1 (1,289 MWe) restart

21 21 Conclusions Cost, Safety and Environmental concerns can be alleviated, in part, through technological advances. A stable and predictable licensing process is in place. The United States is demonstrating we are in a Nuclear Renaissance Both Government and industry can work together to rebuild its nuclear future.