Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage: A solution for Indonesia

Transcription

1 Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage: A solution for Indonesia Robert Ainslie HWTS National Conference Aug 21, 2008 Aman Tirta robert.ainslie@jhuccp.or.id

2 How much suffering can be prevented? How Many Are at Risk? 1.1 billion lack access to an improved drinking water supply; many more drink water that is grossly contaminated. How Many Are Getting Sick? 4 billion cases of diarrhea occur annually, of which 88% is attributable to unsafe water, and inadequate sanitation and hygiene.

3 How much suffering can be prevented How Many Are Dying? 1.8 million people die every year from diarrheal diseases, the vast majority children under 5.

4 Meeting International Commitments 1.1 billion people lack access to an "improved" drinking water source Priority: expanding access 5.2 billion served with improved source, but many households draw unsafe water Priority: help families ensure household water safety Source: G Allgood

5 How much suffering can be prevented How Much Of This Can Be Prevented? WHO estimates that 94% of diarrhea cases are preventable through modifications to the environment, including through interventions to increase the availability of clean water, and to improve sanitation and hygiene.

6 Leading Causes of Deaths from Infectious Diseases Leading Causes of Deaths Deaths (000) Respiratory Infections HIV/AIDS Diarrhoeal Diseasea Tuberculosis Malaria Measles

7 Potential Interventions for Diarrhea Prevention HWTS 39 Practicing Hand Washing 45 Improving Sanitation 32 Improving Water Supply 25 Environmental Modification

8 Recent findings in 2006 HWTS water quality interventions can play an important role in reducing diarrhea episodes by roughly half, on average, with some studies resulting in disease reductions of 70% or more.

9 Safe Water Access in Indonesia Over 100 million individuals lack access to safe water Over 70% of Indonesia's population relies on water obtained from potentially contaminated sources Poor access to safe drinking water leading cause of diarrheal disease among children

10 Safe Water Access in Indonesia Diarrheal disease number 2 killer of children in Indonesia (20% of all deaths or over 100,000 children under 5) High levels of infant child sickness and death from diarrheal disease but low levels of knowledge of either the severity or causality of the disease.

11 Situation Analysis in % Current Water treatment practices Indonesia 0 Binjai Bantaeng Maros Tangerang Treat source water Do not treat More than 90% of treaters boil Non-treatment includes bottle, refill, filter, Chlorination, and nothing Boiling has been promoted for more than 50 years

12 Situation Analysis % E- coli positive Water samples from 4 districts in Indonesia Escherichia coli positive (E-coli) Source Water Stored water Tangerang Mauk Binjai South Sulawesi

13 Situation Analysis Cost in IDR cost per 10 liters water boiled Cost per liter kersone cost per 10 liters water treated with AR Boiling Increasingly expensive to boil As kerosene prices rise, more people will look for alternatives to boiling Very little trust on alternatives due to ingrained boiling practices uncooked water

14 Current Context HWTS technologies very new in Indonesia No history of alternatives beyond boiling People are suspicious of additives to water (chemical) Situational analysis indicates we need an approach that creates trust and gains endorsement of HWTS

15 Why HWTS? Safer stored water (reduced contamination) Reduced costs of treated water SODIS: supplies only Chlorination: Rp.7-10 per liter treated Filters: various Boiling Rp per liter treated Less reliance on Kerosene (costs, government subsidies) Reduced need for wood as a fuel (environmentally sound and less indoor pollution

16 Way Forward Raise awareness of need for expanded HWTS and of the different technologies Government endorsement and favorable policies Technologies available in the market place, with NGOs, with government (national, provincial and local) Advocacy efforts to all levels of government, NGOs, and community leaders