Interior Finish Materials

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1 Ceramic Tile Ceramic tiles are relatively small, modular surfacing units made of clay or other ceramic material The tiles are fired in a kiln at very high temperatures The result is a durable, dense material that is waterresistant, difficult to stain, and easy to clean; its colors generally do not fade Ceramic tile is available glazed or unglazed.

2 Ceramic Tile Types Glazed Wall Tile Has a non-vitreous body and a bright, matte, or crystalline glaze Used for surfacing interior walls and light-duty floors

3 Ceramic Tile Types Interior Finish Materials Ceramic Mosaic Tile Has a porcelain or natural clay body Glazed for surfacing walls or unglazed for use on both floors and walls Are usually faced with paper or backed with mesh to form 1 x 1 (505 x 505) or 2 x 2 (305 X 610) sections with the proper tile spacing

4 Ceramic Tile Types Interior Finish Materials Quarry and Paver Tiles Unglazed floor tile of natural clay or porcelain. Impervious to dirt, moisture, and stains, and resistant to freezing and abrasion They are weatherproof and can be used on floors subject to heavy-duty loads.

5 Shapes of Ceramic Tile Interior Finish Materials

6 Ceramic Tile Application Thinset Process Tile is bonded to a continuous, stable backing with a thin coat of dry-set mortar, latex-portland cement mortar, epoxy mortar, or an organic adhesive Require a solid, dimensionally stable backing of gypsum plaster, gypsum board, or plywood In wet areas around bathtubs and showers use 1/2 thick glass-fiber-reinforced concrete backerboard and set the tile with latex-portland cement or dry-set mortar.

7 Ceramic Tile Application Thickset Process Tile is applied over a bed of Portland cement mortar This relatively thick bed allows for accurate slopes and true planes in the finished work. The mortar bed is also not affected by prolonged contact with water Suitable backings for cement mortar bed installations include brick or concrete block masonry, monolithic concrete, plywood, gypsum plaster, and gypsum board. The setting bed is ¾ to 1 (19 to 25) thick on walls and 1 ½ to 2 thick on floors 1/16 bond coat of Portland cement or 1/8 to ¼ thick coat of latex Portland cement (if mortar bed is fully cured)

8 Ceramic Tile Application Interior wall

9 Ceramic Tile Application Interior floor applications

10 Ceramic Tile Application Shower, tub, and Countertop

11 Terrazzo Flooring Terrazzo is a mosaic floor or paving composed of marble or other stone chips, set in a cementitious or resinous matrix and ground and polished when dry It provides a dense, extremely durable, smooth flooring surface whose mottled coloring is controlled by the size and colors of the aggregate and the color of the binder

12 Terrazzo Flooring Metal or plastic-tipped divider strips are used: To localize shrinkage cracking; To serve as construction joints; To separate the different colors and patterns To act as decorative elements Expansion joints are required over isolation or expansion joints in the subfloor.

13 Terrazzo Flooring Application/Types Thinset Monolithic Bonded

14 Terrazzo Flooring Application/Types Chemically bonded Sand cushion Terrazzo base

15 Wood Flooring Wood flooring combines durability and wear resistance with comfort and warmth Durable, hard, close-grained species of both hardwood and softwood are used for flooring Common species of hardwood flooring species include oak, maple, birch, pecan, and cherry Common species of softwood flooring include southern pine, Douglas fir, and hemlock

16 Wood Flooring Strip Flooring Flooring is composed of long wood trips 3-1/4 (85) or less in face width

17 Wood Flooring Plank Flooring Plank flooring refers to flooring boards that are wider than 3-1/4

18 Wood Flooring Block Flooring Block flooring is composed of square units preassembled at the mill and usually installed with mastic over a wood sub-floor or concrete slab.

19 Wood Flooring Application Wood strip and plank flooring requires: A wood subfloor or A base of spaced sleepers

20 Wood Flooring Application Treated wood sleepers are usually required over concrete slabs to receive a subfloor or the finish flooring

21 Wood Flooring Application Wood flooring will shrink and swell as its moisture content changes with variations in atmospheric humidity Should not be installed until the building is enclosed, permanent lighting and the heating plant are installed, and all building materials are dry The wood flooring should be stored for several days in the space where it will be installed to allow the flooring to become acclimated to the interior conditions

22 Wood Flooring Application space should be provided along the perimeter for ventilation and expansion of the flooring

23 Stone Flooring Consists of sandstone, limestone, polished marble or granite, or split-face slate Consideration needs to be given to the additional weight The tiles or slabs may be laid in regular or irregular patterns over a Portland cement mortar bed in a manner similar to e installation of ceramic tile flooring Thin stone flooring may also be applied using the thinset process.

24 Stone Flooring Interior Finish Materials

25 Resilient Flooring Resilient flooring materials provide an economical relatively dense, non-absorbent flooring surface that is durable and easy to maintain

26 Resilient Flooring Interior Finish Materials

27 Resilient Flooring Types Performance characteristics: Resilience and quietness: cork tile, rubber tile, homogenous vinyl tile Resistance to indentation: homogeneous vinyl tile, vinyl sheet, cork tile w/ vinyl coating Stain resistance: rubber tile, homogeneous vinyl tile, vinyl composition tile, linoleum

28 Resilient Flooring Types Performance characteristics: Alkali Resistance: Cork tile with vinyl coating, vinyl sheet, homogenous vinyl tile, rubber tile Grease resistance Vinyl sheet, homogenous vinyl tile, cork tile with vinyl coating, linoleum Durability Homogenous vinyl tile, vinyl sheet, vinyl composition tile, rubber tile Ease of maintenance: Vinyl sheet, homogenous sheet vinyl tile, vinyl composition tile, cork tile with vinyl coating

29 Resilient Flooring Installation Wood Surface must be smooth, firm, clean, and dry Double layer wood floor consists of hardboard underlayment at least 1/4 (6) thick or sanded plywood underlayment at least 3/8 (10) thick (Laid with the face grain perpendicular to floor joists or to flooring boards)

30 Resilient Flooring Installation Wood Single layer wood floor consists of subfloor / underlayment panels at least 5/8 (16) thick, laid with the face grain perpendicular to floor joists or to flooring boards

31 Resilient Flooring Installation Concrete Surface must be smooth, dense, clean, dry