CROP BULLETIN CONTENT

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1 Crop Reporting Service, Punjab VOLUME-II, ISSUE-1, SERIAL #13 CONTENT Crop Situation Summary March, Normalized Difference Vegetation index (NDVI)of Punjab Province (GLAM) 1 Rabi crop situation 2 Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) Crop Growth Profile at Divisional Level, March OVERTURE 4-7 the Wing of Agriculture Department Punjab, is responsible requirement of the Federal Government. The Crop Reporting Service is also working in GIS & RS technology with the collaboration of Wheat & Gram Crops Estimate Density Map 8 Fertilizer consumption in Rabi season and seasonal consumption in month of February 9 Irrigation water supply month wise canal withdrawal 10 Tarbela and Mangla dame water inflow and outflow 10 Average maximum & minimum temperature for the month of December, Whether summary for the month of March, Normally expected weather during April, 2015 CRS, for estimation of Area, Production and Average yield of Agricultural Crops in the Province. The acreage and the yield of major and minor crops are estimated through objective sample surveys, conducted in 1240 randomly selected village all over the province. Estimates of other minor crops are compiled through subjective methods based on input use, farmer s interviews and assessment make by the field staff. Crop estimates indicating area and production of all major and minor crops are released according to crop forecast calendar designed in conformity with the FAO, SUPARCO. The other collaborating partner are. Agriculture Extension Agriculture Policy Institute, Islamabad Pakistan Bureau of Statistics National Food Security & Research Bureau of Statistics Punjab Revenue Department Punjab Agriculture Marketing 16 Second wheat estimate Capacity Building Training snaps on introduction to remote sensing GIS & MAGIS at CRS, HQ Directorate of Agriculture Crop Reporting Service, Punjab, Lahore Ph: , Web: crs.agripunjab.gov.pk, dacrspunjab@hotmail.com Designed By: AM. Abrar Temporal Vegetation change in Gujranwal, Lahore, Faisalabad and Multan Divisions April, 2015 CROP BULLETIN

2 CRS CROP BULLETIN CROPS SITUATION MARCH,2015 SUMMARY Wheat production is largely depend upon nature of soil, timely availability fertilizer and irrigation water,use of good seed, weather condition and crop farming activities throughout the growth period of the crop. Rainfall and temperature have a significant effect on wheat crop productivity. The weather generally, remained wet and cool during February and during the month of March moderate to heavy rainfall recorded in the Punjab. The recorded rainfall was 247% above than normal in the Punjab. This slowed wheat maturity process thus resulted in prolonging crop growth period. The month of March was wettest on the record for Punjab province during last 55 years. According to the 2nd estimate of wheat crop the production is assessed to be at about Million tonnes in the Punjab which is 1.0 % less than last year ie Million Tonnes. According to 2nd estimate the Province of the Punjab is estimated to have produced thousand tonnes of Gram crop for the year as compared to thousand tonnes produced last year The objective survey results reveal the considerable enhancement in production of potato crop. Satellite data of end of March shows that NDVI profile after reaching its peak stage, decreasing trend is started from mid of March. The NDWI images in the month of March show the better water induction as compared to last year. Source: CRS,GLAM Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) March, 2015 Nitrogenous and phosphates fertilizers availability are comparatively better than last year which may add to the final wheat crop productivity. 1

3 WHEAT: CROPS SITUATION MARCH,2015 The wheat crop is at maturity stage. The general harvesting of wheat crop is expected to start in the second week of April in south region and will travel to north gradually. It is reported/observed that quantum of rains, hail/wind storms, stagnant water and partially lodging affected the crop in irrigated area and in un-irrigated tract intermittent rains played positive role resultant boost the crop. GRAM: The crop is at maturity stage. Harvesting of crop for vegetable purpose is in progress in the area. The weather remained favorable for the growth of crop. It has been reported that hail storm affected the crop slightly in Bhakkar and Layyah District. However, better average yield is expected during the current year. LENTIL: The general crop conditions are reported/observed satisfactory. The crop is at maturity stage. The main growing area is Gujranwala and Rawalpindi division. OILSEED: The standing conditions of crop are reported/observed normal. The harvesting of crop remained in progress during the fortnight. POTATO (AUTUMN): The digging of crop has almost completed and about 98% area has been dug so far. The objective survey results reveal the considerable enhancement in production of potato crop. The rate of per 100 KGs bag is reported Rs 900/ to Rs The sowing of spring potato is in progress. ONION The growth of the crop is reported satisfactory. The area under this crop is reported decrease due to less economic returns received last year. Weather is favorable for crop. GARLIC The stand and growth of garlic crop is reported satisfactory. The crop has been attained maturity stage & digging has also started at different places. TOMATO The sowing of tomato crop has been completed. The germination and growth is reported normal. 2

4 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Crop Growth Profile at Divisional Level March,2015 3

5 TEMPORAL VEGETATION CHANGES Gujranwala Division (Upto Oct 31st, 2014) (GLAM) Gujranwala Division (Upto Apr, 06, 2015) 4

6 TEMPORAL VEGETATION CHANGES Lahore Division (Upto Oct 31, 2014) (GLAM) Lahore Division (Upto Apr 06, 2015) 5

7 TEMPORAL VEGETATION CHANGES Faisalabad Division (Upto Oct 31, 2014) (GLAM) Faisalabad Division (Upto Apr 06, 2015) 6

8 TEMPORAL VEGETATION CHANGES Multan Division (Upto Oct 31st, 2014) (GLAM) Multan Division (Upto Apr 06, 2015) 7

9 RABI CROPS SITUATION Source: CRS Source: CRS Source: CRS Source: CRS 8

10 KHARIF CROPS SITUATION Source Fertilizer Fertilizers do not only assist in increasing yields and promoting healthy growth of plants but also in their development. They contain nitrogen which acts as a growth booster which can be characterized by the green color of plants. Phosphorus substance in fertilizers aids in the faster formation of seeds and root development. The availability of Nitrogen and Phosphate fertilizers remains normal in the month of January Source: NDFC, AE&AR 9

11 Irrigation Water Supply Situation Timely availability of water greatly influences the crop production and yields. In order to meet the agricultural needs, adequate and timely availability of water is an essential prerequisite. The average uses of Water in Rabi season in the Punjab is about MAF and Punjab share based on forecast of water availability is MAF. The canal water supply during Oct-Mar is MAF as compared to last year MAF shows a decrease of 2.08 %. Source: Pb Irrigation Dpt. Water inflow, outflow and level of Tarbela and Mangla dams are shown below. Source: Pb Irrigation Dpt. 10

12 Agro-Met Conditions: March, 2015 Source: CRS 11

13 Agro-Met Conditions March, 2015 Source: CRS 12

14 Agro-Met Conditions March, 2015 Source: CRS 13

15 WEATHER SUMMARY FOR THE MONTH OF MARCH, 2015 During the month of March 2015, rainfall recorded in the country is moderate to heavy rainfall with snow over the hills recorded in Punjab, Khyber Paktunkhwa, Kashmir and at isolated places of sindh and Balochistan Province. Four rain bearing weather systems affected the country and yielded widespread rains in upper half of country. The month of March was wettest on the record for Punjab province during last 55 years. The recorded rainfall was 247% above than normal in Punjab. The country as a whole recorded abnormally above rainfall. It was 72% above than long period average. However, spatial distribution of rainfall was not uniform and no appreciable rainfall was recorded in drought affected areas of Sindh. Numbers of rainy days recorded in the country ranged from 1 to 16 days. The maximum number of rainy days in the country was observed 16 at Jhelum followed by 14 days at Sargodha and Peshawar and 12 days at Rawalpindi. The evaporative demand of the atmosphere represented by reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) remained normal to below normal in most agricultural plains of the country due to wet/cloudy atmosphere observed during the month. The lowest value of ETo was observed 2.5 mm/day at Sargodha in Punjab and highest value of 4.1mm/day at Rohri in upper Sindh. The mean daily Relative Humidity (R.H) was observed mostly normal to above normal in upper half of the country including KPK, Potohar region and central Punjab and observed mostly below normal in lower half of the country including GB, upper Sindh and Quetta valley in Balochistan. Maximum value of mean Relative humidity was observed 73% at Sargodha followed by 68% at Peshawar and D.I.Khan and 66% at Lahore division. The minimum value was observed 41 % at Gilgit. Temperature plays vital role in the growth and development of crops. Thermal regime remained normal/ slightly cooler in most of the agricultural plains during the month due to wet and cloudy atmosphere observed over most of the agricultural plains of the country. Mean daily temperature rounded to 18 C in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 17 to 19 C in Potohar plateau, in remaining parts of northern Punjab it ranged C, in Sindh it ranged 23 to24 C, in Gilgit Baltistan region it ranged 8 to 12 C and was observed 12 C in Quetta valley. The night time temperature represented by mean minimum remained normal to slightly cooler in most of the agricultural plains due to wet and cloudy atmosphere observed during the month. The highest maximum temperature in the agricultural plains of the country was recorded 42.5 C at Mithi and lowest minimum temperature was recorded -6.6 C at Astore in GB. Maximum number of stress days with minimum temperature less than or equal to 0 C was nil in all agricultural plains of the country. Number of stress days with maximum temperature greater or equal to 30 C or 40 C and R.H. less than or equal to 30% was also observed nil in all agricultural plains of the country. 14

16 WEATHER SUMMARY FOR THE MONTH OF MARCH, 2015 Source:PMD Source:PMD 15

17 NORMALLY EXPECTED WEATHER DURING APRIL, 2015 Westerly rain bearing systems will remain active over Pakistan with the decreasing frequency of occurrence as compared to the peak winter months. The northern parts of the country will be mainly influenced by these weather systems and frequency of precipitation days would be greater in these areas as compared to other parts of the country. Some precipitation associated with thunderstorm/ hailstorm is also expected due to local weather developments in the northern parts. However, due to increased solar heating, mesoscale convective activity dominates over the plains and mountainous areas. As a result, sometimes heavy downpour associated with hailstorm and thunderstorm occurs with localized characteristics. Occasional dust storm or gusty winds are the common features of April. The evaporative demand of the atmosphere is expected to increase as compared to March by 1 to 2 mm/day because of increasing heating trend. The ETo values may range between 4.5 and 6.5 mm/day following a uniform increasing trend from North to South. The mean daily relative humidity is likely to range from 40% to 50% in most of the agricultural plains of the country except southern Punjab and upper Sindh where it may be around 35%. Mean daily air temperatures may range between 23 C and 30 C over most of the low elevation agricultural plains of the country whereas in high agricultural plains of Balochistan, it may be around 17 C. The mean daily maximum temperatures are expected to range from 30 to 39 C following a southward increasing trend except Quetta valley where it may remain around 25 C. The mean minimum temperatures are likely to be in the range of 15 to 23 C except high agricultural plains of Balochistan where it may remain around 8 C.The mean daily duration of bright sunshine is expected to range from 8 to 10 hours over most of the agricultural plains of the country. The intensity of solar radiation may range from 19 to 21 MJ/M2/day. The mean daytime wind speeds are likely to range from 4-8 Km/hour over most of agricultural areas of the country except high agricultural plains of Balochistan where it may average about 11 Km/hour. 16

18 DIVISIONS / DISTRICTS SECOND ESTIMATE OF WHEAT CROP FOR THE YEAR IN THE PUNJAB AREA IN '000' ACRES IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL % age ± over last year PUNJAB RAWALPINDI DV: Attock Rawalpindi Islamabad Jhelum Chakwal SARGODHA DIV: Sargodha Khushab Mianwali Bhakkar FAISALABAD DIV: Faisalabad T.T. Singh Jhang Chiniot GUJRANWALA DIV: Gujrat M.B. Din Sialkot Narowal Gujranwala Hafizabad LAHORE DIV: Sheikhupura Nankana Sahib Lahore Kasur SAHIWAL DIV: Okara Sahiwal Pakpattan MULTAN DIV: Multan Lodhran Khanewal Vehari D.G. KHAN DIV: Muzaffargarh Layyah D.G. Khan Rajan Pur BAHAWALPUR DIV: Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Bahawalnagar

19 WHEAT (SECOND ESTIMATE ) AREA IN '000' HECTARES IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL DIVISIONS / DISTRICTS % age ± over last year PUNJAB RAWALPINDI DV: Attock Rawalpindi Islamabad Jhelum Chakwal SARGODHA DIV: Sargodha Khushab Mianwali Bhakkar FAISALABAD DIV: Faisalabad T.T. Singh Jhang Chiniot GUJRANWALA DIV: Gujrat M.B. Din Sialkot Narowal Gujranwala Hafizabad LAHORE DIV: Sheikhupura Nankana Sahib Lahore Kasur SAHIWAL DIV: Okara Sahiwal Pakpattan MULTAN DIV: Multan Lodhran Khanewal Vehari D.G. KHAN DIV: Muzaffargarh Layyah D.G. Khan Rajan Pur BAHAWALPUR DIV: Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Bahawalnagar

20 WHEAT (SECOND ESTIMATE ) PRODUCTION '000' TONNES IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL DIVISIONS / DISTRICTS % age ± over last year PUNJAB RAWALPINDI DV: Attock Rawalpindi Islamabad Jhelum Chakwal SARGODHA DIV: Sargodha Khushab Mianwali Bhakkar FAISALABAD DIV: Faisalabad T.T. Singh Jhang Chiniot GUJRANWALA DIV: Gujrat M.B. Din Sialkot Narowal Gujranwala Hafizabad LAHORE DIV: Sheikhupura Nankana Sahib Lahore Kasur SAHIWAL DIV: Okara Sahiwal Pakpattan MULTAN DIV: Multan Lodhran Khanewal Vehari D.G. KHAN DIV: Muzaffargarh Layyah D.G. Khan Rajan Pur BAHAWALPUR DIV: Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Bahawalnagar

21 WHEAT (SECOND ESTIMATE ) AV: YIELD IN MDS / ACRE DIVISIONS / DISTRICTS IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL % age ± over last year PUNJAB RAWALPINDI DV: Attock Rawalpindi Islamabad Jhelum Chakwal SARGODHA DIV: Sargodha Khushab Mianwali Bhakkar FAISALABAD DIV: Faisalabad T.T. Singh Jhang Chiniot GUJRANWALA DIV: Gujrat M.B. Din Sialkot Narowal Gujranwala Hafizabad LAHORE DIV: Sheikhupura Nankana Sahib Lahore Kasur SAHIWAL DIV: Okara Sahiwal Pakpattan MULTAN DIV: Multan Lodhran Khanewal Vehari D.G. KHAN DIV: Muzaffargarh Layyah D.G. Khan Rajan Pur BAHAWALPUR DIV: Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Bahawalnagar

22 WHEAT (SECOND ESTIMATE ) YIELD IN KGS / HECTARES IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL IRRI UN-IRRI TOTAL DIVISIONS / DISTRICTS % age ± over last year PUNJAB RAWALPINDI DV: Attock Rawalpindi Islamabad Jhelum Chakwal SARGODHA DIV: Sargodha Khushab Mianwali Bhakkar FAISALABAD DIV: Faisalabad T.T. Singh Jhang Chiniot GUJRANWALA DIV: Gujrat M.B. Din Sialkot Narowal Gujranwala Hafizabad LAHORE DIV: Sheikhupura Nankana Sahib Lahore Kasur SAHIWAL DIV: Okara Sahiwal Pakpattan MULTAN DIV: Multan Lodhran Khanewal Vehari D.G. KHAN DIV: Muzaffargarh Layyah D.G. Khan Rajan Pur BAHAWALPUR DIV: Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Bahawalnagar

23 HIGHLIGHTS OF TRAINING OF OFFICERS ON INTRODUCTION OF REMOTE SENSING & GIS AND MOBILE APPLICATION GEO-TAGGING INFORMATION SYSTEM (MAGIS) AT CROP REPORTING SERVICE, HEAD QUARTER, LAHORE 22

24 HIGHLIGHTS OF TRAINING OF FIELD OFFICERS ON INTRODUCTION OF REMOTE SENSING & GIS AND MOBILE APPLICATION GEO-TAGGING INFORMATION SYSTEM (MAGIS) AT CROP REPORTING SERVICE, HEAD QUARTER, LAHORE 23