Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Reduction Program and Toolkit

Transcription

1 Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Reduction Program and Toolkit Columbia Shuswap Regional District October 2010

2 Toolkit Contents Definitions...Page 2 Background Information...Page 4 Reasons for this Toolkit...Page 5 1. Compliance... Page 6 2. Reduced Costs... Page 6 3. Reducing Environmental Impact... Page 9 4. Green Marketing... Page 9 Deconstruction and Salvage...Page 10 Recommended Steps for Salvage... Page 11 Managing Construction Waste...Page 12 Source Separation and Contamination Tolerances...Page 13 Appendices Appendix 1: Green Marketing Links...Page 14 Appendix 2: Materials Exchange...Page 16 Appendix 3: Prohibited Materials List...Page 17 Appendix 4: C&D Material Inventory Form...Page 18 Appendix 5: Disposal Fees: Scaled landfill...page 19 Scaled Transfer Station...Page 20 Unscaled Transfer Station...Page 21 1

3 Definitions Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste means waste created by construction and demolition projects including concrete, brick, painted wood, drywall, doors, windows, insulation, etc. Controlled Waste means a class of hazardous waste, which may be disposed at refuse disposal sites other than refuse transfer stations if special handling and disposal techniques are used to avoid creating health hazards, nuisances or environmental pollution, and includes but is not limited to: (a) biosolids (b) condemned or spoiled foods (c) contaminated soils (d) a dead animal (e) food processing waste (f) pumping containing soil, sand, gravel, other non-hazardous solids, sewage solids, fats, oils, grease, including: i. pumping from parking lot drainage sumps ii. pumping from septage treatment facilities containing residual sludge iii. pumping from sumps which collect runoff from vehicle washing facilities, but not from facilities used for maintenance of lubrication of automobile components or where solvents or sand blasting are employed for removal of paint, grease or oil (g) screenings from municipal sewage treatment plants and pump stations (h) waste asbestos (i) waste sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants and pump stations Marketable Waste means waste which is disposed of through a Regional District program or a commercial market through waste reduction, reuse, or recycling opportunities. Marshalling Area means areas designated at the refuse disposal facility for recyclable and/or reusable materials. 2

4 Mixed Load means a load combining one or more marketable wastes with unmarketable wastes rendering the entire load unmarketable by virtue of mixing of wastes or the reluctance to separate marketable wastes from unmarketable wastes by the site user, but does not include controlled waste or prohibited waste. Recyclable Waste means marketable wastes, substances or objects collected through a drop depot, curbside or other recycling program. Refuse means discarded or abandoned materials, substances or objects, including, but not limited to, solid wastes such as unmarketable food wastes, market wastes such as fruit and vegetables; combustibles such as leather, wood and unmarketable paper, non-combustibles such as crockery, unmarketable glass, dirt, ashes from fireplaces and on-site incinerators, street sweepings, bulky wastes, un-usable furniture, un-usable construction and demolition refuse such as non-metal pipe, and plastics. Small Load means solid waste to be disposed of at refuse transfer stations not exceeding 1,000 kg net weight at scaled sites or 10 m 3 at unscaled sites per open day per credit account holder, or per vehicle (if vehicle is not registered to an credit account). Source Separated means waste including, but not limited to, controlled waste, yard and garden waste, asphalt shingles, gypsum, metal waste, recyclable waste or wood waste which is separated by means of a barrier, or placement in containers that clearly distinguish the different types of materials, substances, or objects belonging in the particular class of waste being disposed of. Zero Waste views all wastes as resources and maximizes recycling, minimizes waste, reduces consumption and ensures the entire life cycle of a product will be considered when deciding its value. 3

5 Background Information In , the Columbia Shuswap Regional District (CSRD) completed a review of the Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP) and in 2009 the SWMP was approved by the CSRD Board of Directors and the Ministry of Environment. The SWMP focuses on key recommendations to manage and reduce solid waste in the CSRD. The Vision Statement and first Guiding Principle of the SWMP are that all economic activities within the CSRD will be consistent with a Zero Waste community, and that all solid waste management decisions will be based on a Zero Waste approach. CSRD Waste Composition C&D Materials 8% Composite Products 9% Other 9% Plastics 18% Paper & Paper Board 24% Organic Matter 32% C&D materials account for approx. 8% of our region s waste stream. C&D diversion will help save valuable space in our landfills. 4

6 Reasons for this Toolkit Whether you are a commercial contractor or a do-it-yourselfer completing a construction or demolition project, changes to the CSRD Solid Waste Management Program will provide options for the disposal of your material, such as recycling and/or reuse including the costs to do so. As per Section 2, Refuse Disposal Facilities Tipping Fee and Regulation Bylaw No. 5542: No person shall dispose of recyclable waste at a refuse disposal facility other than in the designated recycling area provided that it is source separated. This Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Reduction Toolkit was designed to help clarify the regulations set out in Bylaw No. 5542, explain the new fee structure, and serve as a reference for contractors to help maximize the salvage, reuse and recycling of construction and demolition waste, and to help minimize disposal fees. Why You Need a C&D Waste Management Program: 1. Compliance 2. Reduce Costs 3. Reduce your Environmental Impact 4. Green Marketing 5

7 1. Compliance There are a number of materials that are prohibited for burial at CSRD landfills. By setting up a C&D Management Plan at the beginning of your project, these materials can be separated at the source, saving time and money when you reach the landfill (see the List of Material Codes Table on the following page for construction and demolition wastes that must be separated for recycling at refuse disposal facilities). 2. Reduce Costs by Avoiding Disincentive Fees All materials entering a refuse disposal facility are charged a differential disposal fee, meaning there are variable rates for different materials. If your materials are sourceseparated (the different material types can easily be separated into the appropriate marshalling areas), the disposal rate will be significantly lower. Waste entering CSRD refuse disposal facilities will be charged a fee according to material type (the list of material codes is contained in the table on the following page). If multiple materials entering the site are each weighed separately and disposed of in the appropriate marshalling areas, the applicable rate will apply for each material type. If the materials are weighed at one time (i.e. you do not want to weigh each separate material at the scale), but still plan to separate materials into their designated marshalling area, the entire load will be charged based on the material type that represents the highest disposal rate. 6

8 As of January 1 st 2011, if multiple materials are mixed to the point that they cannot be separated into their designated marshalling areas for recycling/salvage, a disincentive fee will be charged for mixing the load contents. The entire load of mixed materials will be charged at double the cost of the highest rate material in the load. The purpose of the disincentive fee is to encourage separation of materials to avoid taking up available space in the landfills. List of material codes Material* Description Disposal Fee If Separated Disposal Fee If Material Represents Highest Priced Component of the Load** $280/tonne Asphalt shingles Roofing shingles, not including wrap or torch on membrane $140/tonne Concrete/asphalt Cement, aggregate and water as a $35/tonne $70/tonne pavement/bricks/ hardened mixture; structural concrete, porcelain cinder blocks, asphalt pavement, bricks Refuse Loose household garbage, material that $70/tonne $140/tonne does not fall into one of the other categories (plastic pipe, insulation, carpet, tile, windows, etc.) Gypsum or drywall Off cuts or scraps from new construction $140/tonne $280/tonne or old drywall that has been painted, covered in wallpaper, tiles, etc. Metal Sheet metal, siding, roofing, rebar, $35/tonne $70/tonne flashings, pipe, window frames, doors, wire, bathtubs, fencing, furnaces, etc. Wood waste Un-treated or painted wood, processed as $35/tonne $70/tonne well as unprocessed wood, stumps, tree trunks and limbs greater than 8 in diameter Yard and Garden Organic materials, including, grass, lawn $35/tonne $70/tonne and hedge clippings, grass sod, flowers, weeds leaves, vegetable stacks, shrubs, and shrub and tree branches less than 8 in diameter Note: only small loads (1000 kg for scaled sites or 10m 3 for unscaled) will be accepted at transfer stations. * See Appendix 5 for a more detailed fee list. ** Entire load is charged at the applicable rate. 7

9 Example of a C&D Waste Project: Your project contains construction wood ends ($35/tonne), refuse ($70/tonne), and gypsum (drywall) pieces ($140/tonne). You may choose one of the following four options: 1) Source Separate at Construction Site: Deliver individual materials to the refuse disposal site. You will be charged $140/tonne for your gypsum, $70/tonne for your refuse, and $35/tonne for your wood. 2) Split Weigh: Weigh your vehicle upon entering the site, unload your gypsum, refuse and wood into the marshalling area, reweighing the load after each material is unloaded. You will be charged $140/tonne for your gypsum, $70/tonne for your refuse, and $35/tonne for your wood. 3) Single Weigh - Separation: Weigh your vehicle upon entering the site, but separate the materials into their appropriate marshalling areas. Upon exiting the site the entire load will be charged based on the material type that represents the highest disposal rate. For this case; $140/tonne for the entire load. 4) Single Weigh No Separation: Weigh your vehicle upon entering the site and do not separate the materials into their marshalling areas. The load is charged a disincentive fee, which is based on a double charge of the material in the load with the highest disposal rate. For this example, gypsum is the most expensive material at $140/tonne, so the disincentive fee for not separating becomes twice that rate, or $280/tonne for the entire load. There is no longer a mixed load rate in the disposal fee schedule. Any material that does not fall under a designated category in the material list is considered Refuse, at a rate of $70/tonne. The disincentive fee comes into effect January 1,

10 3. Reduce Your Environmental Impact Through more efficient use of resources, you can reduce your environmental impact by: Conserving natural resources Reducing greenhouse gas emissions Saving valuable air space in landfills 4. Green Marketing Achieving high construction waste diversion rates provides a distinct marketing advantage for companies, as many customers are now looking for contractors using environmentally responsible practices. 9

11 Deconstruction and Salvage Deconstruction is the process of removing a building by disassembly of its building components. This process can result in a significant amount of valuable reusable building materials, and substantial cost savings at the landfill which may offset additional labour and handling costs. Some salvageable building materials Dimensional lumber Heavy timbers Steel beams and studs Siding Insulation Heating ducts Electrical equipment Brick Light fixtures Pluming fittings Faucets Doors and frames Recyclable building materials Concrete Cinder blocks Asphalt pavement Dimensional lumber Metal piping Gypsum wallboard Electrical cable Aluminum siding Metal window frames Rebar Metal deck railings Asphalt shingles 10

12 Recommended Steps for Salvage, Reuse and Recycling 1. Early planning Deconstruction is more labour intensive than conventional demolition. Salvage contractors should be allocated the necessary time to maximize the amount of materials being salvaged and recycled. 2. Consult a contractor Consult a contractor experienced in salvaging structural and non-structural building materials. 3. Conduct a site audit to identify salvage/recycling opportunities Owners and contractors should survey the building for materials that can be salvaged or recycled. 4. Create a deconstruction plan Ask your contractor to draw up a plan specifying the work to be done, including: assessment and abatement of hazardous and banned materials (i.e. asbestos, abandoned chemicals, etc); type and amount of materials to be salvaged for reuse; quantity and type of material to be separated for recycling (i.e. asphalt shingles, gypsum, concrete, bricks, porcelain, asphalt, wood, metal, etc); procedures for separating and transporting materials off site; quantities of waste to be disposed of; and addresses of facilities and names and phone numbers of Regional District contacts accepting the materials generated by your project. 11

13 Managing Construction Waste Construction of a new building, renovation, or expansion Step 1 Estimate your waste and recyclables Based on the type and size of your project, estimate the type and quantity of waste materials that will be generated on site. Step 2 Choose a recycling program that suits your site Decide what type of collection is appropriate for your site and identify your hauling options. Step 3 Create a Waste Management Plan A Waste Management Plan will contain all the information needed by any on-site worker to achieve the project s waste diversion goals and targets. See Appendix 4 for a sample form. Step 4 Organize your recycling program Designate a person who will be responsible for implementing the program and monitoring the site. This designated person will be responsible for the tasks below. Setup of the program on site- Look for haulers that supply split bins or recycling options; place bins close to where materials are generated, and place garbage receptacles close by to prevent garbage from being placed into the recycling bin. Proper Signage- Each bin or marshalling area should have a sign clearly indicating what belongs in each. Prevent contamination and monitor the program- Inspect bins for contaminants and remove as necessary; schedule pick up of bins with haulers; consider bins with lids or locks to avoid contamination or scavenging. 12

14 Source Separation Source Separation is when recyclables (clean wood, scrap metal, asphalt shingles, etc.) are put into separate bins, a multi-compartment bin, or stored in separate piles on the ground. The materials are then transported to the appropriate facility for recycling. Bin rental can be an expensive part of a construction project, so choose the appropriate bin for your project. For smaller jobs, piling separate materials on the ground then transporting them to the landfill in one bin, trailer, or truck still separated (considered a split load) may be the most cost-effective storage and disposal method. Front end bins are a smaller option than roll off binscheck with bin providers for options that best suit your project. Contamination Tolerances What its used for: Asphalt roofing shingles Concrete/asphalt/ brick/porcelain Gypsum Wall Board Metal Must not include shingle wrap, torch-on membrane, or wood pieces. Clear of wood, household garbage, asbestos, etc. and concrete steel bar should be less than 3. Must not contain asbestos and must be clean of rocks. No wood attached, no auto parts or auto bodies. Paving bricks, new asphalt. Road base, re-use as new asphalt. Agricultural bedding material, soil amendment, new drywall. Recycled into various new metal materials. 13

15 Appendix 1: Green Marketing Links Natural Resources Canada's (NRCan) Office of Energy Efficiency The Office of Energy Efficiency (OEE) provides Canadians with information on energy conservation, energy efficiency and alternative fuels ( R-2000 Program The R-2000 program for new single detached homes incorporates components including the R-2000 standard, quality assurance, and home certification, along with training and licensing, on energy efficient and environmentally responsible homes ( EnviroHome Is a designation given to a select number of new home projects across Canada. To qualify, each home must be certified to the R-2000 Standard and include additional air quality and environmental features beyond what the R-2000 Program requires ( Terasen Gas Information on natural gas appliances and equipment, energy efficiency tips to save money, and incentive programs to upgrade appliances as well as incentive and rebate programs available to builders and developers ( Vancity/Real Estate Foundation Green Building Grant Program The Green Building Grant Program aims to minimize the impacts of climate change and improve sustainable land-use practices by supporting green building initiatives in BC and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from settlement activity ( e/greenbuildinggrant/). BC Hydro BC Hydro's Power Smart program is aimed at reducing energy consumption by utilizing, for example, more efficient appliances and lighting sources, providing energy-saving solutions to consumers, builders and developers ( EnerGuide EnerGuide is a Natural Resources Canada initiative that helps Canadians to purchase energy efficient appliances, heating and cooling equipment, homes, and vehicles ( 14

16 Green Marketing Links cont. Energy Star This program provides a rating for appliances, heating and cooling products, doors, windows and skylights. It identifies specific products that meet or exceed premium levels of energy efficiency ( FortisBC FortisBC's PowerSense offers programs for new and existing houses. The New Home Construction program includes incentives for lighting, windows, and heat pumps ( 15

17 Appendix 2: Materials Exchange RCBC Materials Exchange Program (MEX) Established in 1985, the RCBC MEX is a free Province-wide service facilitating the reuse and recycling of discarded products and materials. It's like a dating service for waste! The RCBC MEX program is a completely self-served, web-based program comprised of Residential Reuses Programs and the BC Industrial Materials Exchange (BC IMEX). Use it, it's FREE! Sign up for an account today! Visit 16

18 Appendix 3: Prohibited Materials List CSRD Bylaw 5542 Schedule E The following items are prohibited for disposal at refuse disposal facilities: (a) auto hulks (b) biomedical waste (c) Commercially generated OCC (d) farm animal carcasses and farm animal body parts (e) empty waste containers unless they are crushed, shredded or similarly reduced in volume to the maximum practical extent (f) hazardous waste, except permitted in this bylaw (g) ignitable wastes (h) items listed in Schedules of the Recycling Regulation provided there are opportunities to recycle listed items (i) liquids and semi-solid wastes except as permitted in this bylaw (j) log yard wastes (k) PCB's (l) radioactive wastes (m) reactive wastes (n) recyclable asphalt roofing, (refuse sites in Seymour Arm, Skimikin, Glenemma, Trout Lake, Parson, Scotch Creek, Falkland) (o) recyclable concrete, (refuse sites in Seymour Arm, Skimikin, Glenemma, Trout Lake, Parson, Scotch Creek, Skimikin) (p) recyclable gypsum board or drywall, (refuse sites in Seymour Arm, Skimikin, Glenemma, Trout Lake, Parson) (q) solid waste that is on fire or smoldering 17