Explain key terms, programs, standards ASHRAE 90.1 ENERGY DOE average energy use

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1 INTEGRATING GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES INTO YOUR PROJECTS Introduction to Key Terms, Programs and Standards Julie Walleisa, AIA, LEED AP Overview Explain key terms, programs, standards ASHRAE 90.1 ENERGY DOE average energy use ENERGY ENERGY STAR rating Energy Use Intensity (EUI) ENERGY LEED rating Different filters What are they? How are they useful? How do they relate to each other? Commonly misunderstood issues

2 ASHRAE 90.1 ASHRAE = American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers Research, standards, publications Energy efficiency Thermal comfort Ventilation Multiple standards referenced by LEED ASHRAE 90.1 ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Standard Minimum requirements for energy efficient design Envelope, HVAC, water heating, power, lighting, equipment Performance-based: choose where to save energy Compares design to an imaginary baseline design Requires energy modeling Similar to comparing to current code IECC references ASHRAE 90.1

3 ASHRAE 90.1 Concerns: How predictive is a model of actual energy use? How subjective are modeling results? Difficulty of comparing across different versions of 90.1 Can be useful in comparing buildings Doesn t compare to real building performance Complexity and expense of modeling ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guides Prescriptive, 30% savings over Limited building types and sizes 90.1/Model Benefits Snapshot comparison: energy and cost Biggest Savings Total Savings Cost Savings

4 90.1/Model Benefits Breakdown of energy uses Energy Use Breakdown Lighting Domestic Hot Water Main Supply/Return Fans Compressors Condensor Fan Control Panel & Interlocks Vaporizer/Relief Fans Is lighting inefficient, or is everything else super efficient? Evaporative Water Pump 90.1/Model Benefits Useful for comparing similar projects Energy Use Breakdown: JG vs Thornburg 1,200,000 1,000, , , , ,000 0 Lighting Domestic Hot Water Main Supply/Return Fans Compressors Condensor Fan Control Panel & Interlocks Vaporizer/Relief Fans Evaporative Water Pump Gas Boiler Heating Water Circ Pump Boiler Fan Boiler Control Panel & Interlocks JG Design Thornburg Design

5 90.1/Model Benefits Study impact of design decisions Current Design Baseline 90.1/Model Benefits Study impact of design decisions Multiple modeling runs: Type of system? Chiller and boiler Type of chiller? Air-cooled Type of insulation and glazing? Baseline Run #1 Run #2 Run #3

6 Energy Use Intensity (EUI) Energy used per square foot of building kbtu/sf/yr or kwh/sf/yr Predictive or actual 7,450 MBtu annual energy 170,000sf 43 kbtu/sf/yr predicted by model Somewhat useful for comparing within building type 2 identical schools, 77 and 62 kbtu/sf/yr What s different operationally? Energy Use Intensity (EUI) NOT appropriate for comparing across project types

7 DOE Average Energy Use NM mandates and SB Tax Credit 50% less energy than the DOE average for the building type Architecture 2030 targets 50%, 60%, 70%... Compared to DOE database of actual operations data from existing buildings Two tools for finding average: CBECS & TargetFinder DOE Average Energy Use CBECS (Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey)

8 DOE Average Energy Use TargetFinder Based on CBECS database Normalizes for location, building size, occupancy, etc. ENERGY STAR Rating Any building type in TargetFinder can be rated Must score 75 or above to qualify for ENERGY STAR Compares to large pool of operating buildings, instead of imaginary baseline design Useful for comparing across building types Designed to Earn the ENERGY STAR TargetFinder and energy model ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager and utility data

9 ENERGY STAR Rating The milestones ENERGY STAR Rating ENERGY STAR project rating Looks easy, right?

10 ENERGY STAR Rating Typical Albuquerque Buildings Performance doesn t happen accidentally Need to set targets and work to achieve them ENERGY STAR Rating Designed to Earn project ratings Targets set, models created Utility bills TBD

11 LEED Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design Green building rating system Comprehensive & National Documentation based Evolves over time LEED Established systems: LEED-NC New Construction & Major Renovations LEED-EB Existing Buildings LEED-CS Core & Shell LEED-H Homes LEED-CI Commercial Interiors LEED-S Schools Systems in development: LEED for Retail Pilot LEED for Neighborhood Pilot LEED for Healthcare Ballot COMING IN APRIL: LEED 2009

12 LEED in NM How is LEED useful? Objective standards to guide design Tiered levels allow for overall comparisons 3 rd party verification Required for city and state mandates, NM Sustainable Building Tax Credit, Green Path Possible marketing, leasing, performance benefits LEED in NM Over 180 Registered Projects Initial form and small fee Intend to pursue LEED 16 Certified Projects Documentation reviewed by USGBC Certification level awarded, plaque presented

13 LEED in NM Project Directories online at LEED & Energy Standards ASHRAE 90.1 standard Energy Performance prerequisite & credit for LEED-NC, CS, CI, Schools Establishes energy modeling methodology

14 LEED & Energy Standards ENERGY STAR Rating Energy Performance prerequisite & credit for LEED-EB LEED & Energy Standards TargetFinder Score Required input in LEED-NC, etc. energy credit template

15 Relationships? ASHRAE EUI EPA Rating LEED How do each of these things relate to each other? One of these things is not like the others Relationships? Plug loads: EPA rating = total energy use; 90.1 = regulated use. Site vs Source: TF and EPA rating based on source energy, so fuel mix has a big impact. Elec 3:1, Gas 1.1:1 Need consistency in occupancy data People, computers, hours, etc.

16 Relationships? Energy Standards: not correlated Relationships? LEED level & total number of points: correlated

17 Relationships? LEED level & energy savings: not correlated General upward trend Relationships? LEED level & energy savings: not correlated Most in 25-35% savings range

18 LEED & Energy Standards New Buildings Institute 2008 study 121 LEED-NC certified projects Post-occupancy energy usage data Compared bills to CBECS, ENERGY STAR rating, and design energy model Controversy Small sample Voluntary Only 1 year of data Didn t check initial occupancy assumptions in model Program scale vs project scale results NBI Study, Energy Performance of LEED for New Construction Buildings, 2008 LEED & Energy Standards EUI of LEED buildings below average NBI Study, Energy Performance of LEED for New Construction Buildings, 2008

19 LEED & Energy Standards EUI of LEED buildings loosely tied to level NBI Study, Energy Performance of LEED for New Construction Buildings, 2008 LEED & Energy Standards EUI of LEED buildings lower than CBECS average NBI Study, Energy Performance of LEED for New Construction Buildings, 2008

20 LEED & Energy Standards Median LEED score of 68 NBI Study, Energy Performance of LEED for New Construction Buildings, 2008 Bottom Line All focused on energy efficiency and climate change All useful metrics for setting goals and benchmarking Need to understand uses and limits to pick the right tool This afternoon how to manage these Big concept: integrated design process

21 Integrated Design Process Collaborative process that looks at project as a whole Architect, engineers, specialty consultants, owner, facility manager, etc. Brainstorming, charettes, reviews Openly propose, evaluate, and refine strategies Understand overlaps and conflicts to maximize benefits and minimize risks Integrated Design Process Example: UnderFloor Air Distribution Typical process: Raised floor adds $6/sf, can t do it First cost issues rule Fear of new technologies -OR - Pursue new technologies without integration, and risk failure High investment without high performance

22 Integrated Design Integrated process: How does this really work? What is interdependent? Architect: We can trim the building height Mechanical: We can downsize our equipment Building Manager: We can save money on churn Interiors: How will diffusers work with our floor patterns and furniture layout? Contractor: Penetration detailing is key for this to work Enhanced performance ENERGY STAR rating of 99 Reduced cost: 5yr payback, $0.70/sf utility costs Risk management: working as intended Integrated Design When this works well: Enhanced performance ENERGY STAR rating of 99 Reduced cost: 5yr payback, $0.70/sf utility costs Risk management: working as intended This afternoon: Schedule management Overlapping requirements Case studies

23 For more information Julie Walleisa Dekker/Perich/Sabatini