Papua New Guinea: Regulating and Sustaining Road Transport

Transcription

1 Technical Assistance Report Project Number: Policy and Advisory Technical Assistance (PATA) July 2012 Papua New Guinea: Regulating and Sustaining Road Transport The views expressed herein are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent those of ADB s members, Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

2 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 7 June 2012) Currency Unit kina (K) K1.00 = $2.039 $1.00 = K0.490 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank DOT Department of Transport DOW Department of Works DSP Development Strategic Plan GIS geographic information system LTD Land Transport Division MTDP medium-term development plan NRA National Roads Authority NRSC National Road Safety Council NTS national transport strategy OHE Office of Higher Education PNG Papua New Guinea RAMS road asset management system RTA road traffic authority RUC TA road user charge technical assistance TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE CLASSIFICATION Type Policy and advisory technical assistance (PATA) Targeting classification General intervention Sector (subsectors) Transport, and information and communication technology (road transport, transport management and policies) Themes (subthemes) Economic growth (promoting macroeconomic stability), capacity development (institutional development), governance (public administration [national and decentralized]) Location impact Rural (medium), urban (low), national (high) NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. Vice-President S. Groff, Operations 2 Director General X. Yao, Pacific Department (PARD) Director R. Guild, Transport, Energy and Natural Resources Division, PARD Team leader Team member H. Masood, Lead Project Administration Specialist, PARD Y. Seo, Counsel, OGC In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

3 I. INTRODUCTION 1. The Government of Papua New Guinea (PNG) has asked the Asian Development Bank for technical assistance (TA) in regulating and sustaining road transport in the country. ADB conducted a fact-finding mission during April 2012 to discuss and formulate a policy and advisory TA to address this need and reached agreement with the government on the scope, impact and outcome, outputs and activities, cost estimate, financing, implementation arrangements, and terms of reference for TA consultants. The TA is in accordance with the country partnership strategy ( ) 1 for PNG and is included in the country operations business plan for The design and monitoring framework is in Appendix 1. 3 II. ISSUES 2. ADB support for the PNG road sector commenced in 1972, well before other development partners started similar assistance. 4 It has provided eight loans totaling about $400 million for seven investment projects in the sector so far and has also financed over $8 million of TA for 16 initiatives to reform policies, strengthen institutions, and develop capacity. ADB is a lead development partner in the transport sector. Transport infrastructure development is a key focus of the current country partnership strategy. 3. In 2008, ADB provided TA 5 to help the Department of Transport (DOT) prepare a 20- to 30-year national transport strategy (NTS). Sector analysis during NTS preparation has shown that road transport in PNG suffers from inefficient and fragmented regulation. The DOT s Land Transport Division (LTD) is responsible for administering the regulations that govern vehicles, drivers, and road transport but cannot provide the desired level of enforcement. The obstacles to better regulation are (i) a lack of coordinated strategic planning; (ii) unplanned delegation of responsibility to provinces that lack administrative and technical capacity; (iii) overlapping functions and responsibilities between institutions; (iv) an unclear role for government in regulating public transport; (v) poor road safety; and (vi) weak enforcement of vehicle licensing and inspection standards, drivers licensing, and route permits. To address these issues, the NTS will recommend (i) reforms in legislation, statutory instruments, administration, and enforcement; (ii) the establishment of a road traffic authority (RTA) by combining the LTD and the National Road Safety Council; 6 and (iii) sustainable financing for the RTA. The DOT supports these recommendations and is keen to implement them. 4. The RTA will regulate vehicles and drivers but the responsibility for managing and maintaining the country s national roads lies with the National Roads Authority (NRA) that was established in 2003 under the NRA Act. ADB supported the establishment and strengthening of NRA through TA approved in 2001 for Preparing the Road Authority Development Project. 7 The 1 2 ADB Country Partnership Strategy: Papua New Guinea, Manila. ADB Country Operations Business Plan: Papua New Guinea, Manila. 3 The TA first appeared in the business opportunities section of ADB s website on 12 April By comparison, the Government of Japan through Japan Bank for International Cooperation and now Japan International Cooperation Agency initiated road sector assistance in 1985 and was followed by Australian Agency for International Development in 1995, European Union in 1997, and the World Bank in Attached to ADB Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors: Proposed Multitranche Financing Facility to Papua New Guinea for the Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program. Manila (Loans 2496 and 2497). The National Transport Strategy is in final stages of preparation. Established in 1997, the National Road Safety Council and its activities are constrained by limited financial resources. It now focuses only on developing a traffic accident database and raising road safety awareness. 7 ADB Technical Assistance to Papua New Guinea for Preparing the Road Authority Development Project. Manila (TA 3716).

4 2 NRA Act created a road fund managed by an autonomous board that was established in A chief executive was appointed in 2007 but the NRA was not sufficiently staffed and operationalized until The authority is maintaining about 2,000 kilometers of national roads that were transferred from the Department of Works (DOW). 8 Under ongoing project, 9 ADB is providing expertise to strengthen the NRA s capacity. The NRA legislation allows for a variety of road user charges (RUCs) to finance the road fund but only a small fuel tax has been approved so far for this purpose. The NRA s ability to maintain roads is therefore limited. ADB is helping the NRA enhance the fund s resources through its ongoing TA. 10 This TA s recommendations include (i) increasing the existing levy on diesel, (ii) adding a levy on petrol, (iii) applying annual vehicle charges to be earmarked for the NRA, and (iv) working with resource companies to use the government s tax credit scheme for maintenance of NRA roads. The NRA needs to convince the government to implement these recommendations and undertake the institutional and procedural reforms needed to increase the road fund s resources. 5. The NRA also needs to improve its capacity to take over maintenance of more roads from the DOW and manage the targeted increase in road fund revenues. Its ability to award maintenance contracts on time and keep to annual maintenance schedules is constrained by a lack of streamlined operational procedures and weak financial management. It needs support to improve productivity. 6. The country s subnational road network of provincial and district roads totals about 20,000 kilometers and serves 85% of the rural population. Because government road improvement efforts have focused on national roads, rural roads have deteriorated through neglect. The provincial and local governments responsible for these assets do not have financial means or technical capacity to manage them and the few government initiatives to improve rural infrastructure have so far been poorly managed and mostly ineffective. Preparation of the NTS has highlighted these issues, as well as the fact that without comprehensive data on the country s subnational road network, the ability of national agencies to help provinces evaluate rural accessibility issues and plan and prioritize rural road improvements will remain limited. 11 It is important that a comprehensive and reliable database on rural roads be compiled and effectively managed and that the information that is currently held by the provinces and districts be made easily available. Clear institutional responsibility for this work must also be assigned. 7. Limited capacity in both the responsible government agencies and the private sector has slowed PNG s infrastructure development. One factor is a national shortage of skilled workers. The government, for example, spends about $400 million annually to employ workers from abroad. PNG s Development Strategic Plan (DSP) for cites the importance of higher education and a trained workforce to the country s development. The Medium Term Development Plan (MTDP, ) recognizes that the current quantity and quality of graduates in technical fields fall far short of PNG s needs. The DSP estimates that the country s skilled workforce of about 70,000 in 2011 should increase to about 300,000 by 2030 to meet its development targets and proposes to increase the number of graduates with necessary skills 8 The 8,500-kilometer national road network was once all under the management of the DOW. Since 2009, this responsibility has been gradually shifting to the NRA as it develops capacity and collects financial resources through the road fund for road maintenance. 9 ADB Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors: Proposed Multitranche Financing Facility to Papua New Guinea for the Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program. Manila. 10 ADB Technical Assistance to Papua New Guinea for Improving Road User Charges and Private Sector Participation in Road Development. Manila (TA 7420). 11 The DOW maintains a comprehensive database on national roads under the road asset management system. 12 Government of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Development Strategic Plan Port Moresby.

5 3 from 6,500 in 2011 to 17,500 by Trained engineers, technicians, and skilled field personnel are particularly needed to strengthen the capabilities of the government road agencies, the national consultancy sector, and contractors. Addressing these shortages and meeting the DSP and MTDP targets will require the creation of a human resources strategy for transport infrastructure development. III. THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE A. Impact and Outcome 8. The TA is a continuation of ADB s support for policy and institutional reforms to improve sustainability of investments in PNG s road sector. The impact of the TA will be more efficient and safer movement of goods and people on the country s roads. This will be reflected in reduced travel time and better conditions on national roads. 9. The outcome will be better regulation of road transport that will result in a reduction in the number of unregistered vehicles, unlicensed transport services, un-roadworthy vehicles, and road accidents. Moreover, an increase in the NRA s annual revenues will improve the sustainability of road infrastructure. B. Methodology and Key Activities 10. The TA will support government s initiatives in four areas: 11. Output 1: Establishing the Road Traffic Authority. The TA will help the DOT establish the RTA by combining the functions of the LTD and the National Road Safety Council and ensuring that the RTA is financially sustainable. The DOT is updating the country s land transport regulations 13 and preparing legislation to establish the RTA. 14 Once established, the RTA can review and update technical aspects of regulations governing, among others, fees, fines, and vehicle weight limits and implement any needed rules and procedures. Establishment of a successful RTA will involve preparatory work prior to legislation enactment, followed by the implementation of new policies, rules, procedures, and systems after formal creation. The TA will provide the initial guidance and support needed for the RTA to be launched and become operationally effective. The TA will help the DOT (i) formulate a committee that will be responsible for establishing the RTA, and (ii) advise and guide the committee. 12. Output 2: Increasing National Roads Authority capacity. The TA will help the NRA implement RUCs developed earlier (footnote 10) and finalize a timeline and agency arrangements for collection of revenues. It will also improve the NRA s capacity for planning, programming, financial management, and implementation. Recommendations prepared under the TA (footnote 10) for increasing revenues for the NRA s road fund are being considered by the government (paragraph 4). The proposed additional revenue will come from (i) an enhanced levy on fuel, (ii) NRA annual charges, and (iii) use of the government s infrastructure tax credit scheme. Detailed action plans have been prepared to implement these charges. The DOT legal advisor will assist in any legislative reforms needed (footnote 15). The TA will help the NRA implement the charges. The TA will also help the NRA improve its capacity for (i) planning and 13 This includes the Motor Traffic Act and Regulations, the Heavy Vehicle Licensing Act, the Land Transport Board Act, the Motor Vehicles Dealers Act, and the National Road Safety Council Act. 14 Under the Australian Agency for International Development financed Transport Sector Support Program, a legal advisor is assisting DOT in this effort.

6 4 managing road maintenance works, (ii) collecting RUCs, (iii) administering staff, (iv) financial management, (v) improving governance, and (vi) measuring performance. 13. Output 3: Developing a database on rural roads. The TA help the DOW develop a reliable, comprehensive geographic information system-linked database to identify existing rural roads and estimate the population served, design characteristics, and road conditions to help improve network planning and prioritize improvements. The TA will also recommend approaches to managing and updating the database. The TA will help prepare an action plan to develop a geographic information system-linked database of provincial and district roads that can be managed through a system similar to the DOW s road asset management system for national roads. Data now available from the provinces, districts, and other sources will be used and supplemented by field surveys. The proposed database will cover the entire rural roads network and be linked to existing information on the national roads and other transport infrastructure. It will also reflect connectivity to social and economic facilities as schools, clinics, and markets. The information on road characteristics and conditions to be included in the database will be used for planning and prioritizing rural road improvements and estimating funding needs. 14. Output 4: Expanding the skilled workforce. The TA will help the Office of Higher Education (OHE) review human resource requirements to meet the DSP and MTDP transport infrastructure improvement targets and recommend measures to increase the skilled workforce. 15 The TA will work with the OHE to review the human resource requirements for meeting the DSP and MTDP targets for transport infrastructure development. It will prepare recommendations for increasing the size and quality of the workforce of engineers, technicians, and field personnel. The TA will (i) review government plans for increasing the skilled workforce as outlined in PNG Vision 2050, 16 the DSP, and the MTDP and to meet the needs in transport infrastructure; (ii) undertake a skilled labor market assessment through a survey of the private sector and industry (such as contractors, consultants, and operators) to estimate the current supply of, and demand for, new engineers, technicians, and field personnel, as well as the need for upgrading skills; (iii) prepare recommendations on how the current, medium-term, and longterm needs for skilled labor can be met; (iv) review existing scholarship schemes; (v) review the capacity of the national technical universities and colleges and explore the scope for expanding them; (vi) identify the role of regional institutions; and (vii) prepare cost estimates and plans to implement the recommendations. The TA output will also help the OHE prepare a national higher education plan. 15. The TA will support ongoing and planned initiatives by key development partners in the transport sector. In particular, it will complement phase 2 of the Australian Agency for International Development Transport Sector Support Program, which covers road asset maintenance through the NRA, road safety, and improving the performance of road agencies. Major assumptions and risks are identified in the design and monitoring framework (Appendix 1). C. Cost and Financing 16. The TA is estimated to cost $1,000,000 which will be financed on a grant basis by ADB s Technical Assistance Special Fund (TASF-IV). The government will provide counterpart 15 The initiative is not only included in the DSP and MTDP but was also recommended by IED s Sector Assistance Program Evaluation on Transport Sector in the Pacific Developing Member Countries ( ) and endorsed by the Development Effectiveness Committee. 16 Government of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Vision Port Moresby.

7 5 support in the form of office space, reports, counterpart staff, and other in-kind contributions. The cost estimates are in Appendix 2. D. Implementation Arrangements 17. The TA will have four implementing agencies: (i) the DOT, for establishing the RTA; (ii) the NRA, for increasing NRA capacity; (iii) the DOW, for developing the rural roads database; and (iv) the OHE, for expanding the skilled workforce. The NRA will be the overall executing agency. The implementing agencies will support the TA consultants by providing furnished office space, all relevant reports and materials, and counterpart staff. 18. The TA will require an estimated 27 person-months of input from international consultants and 5 person-months input by national consultants. The terms of reference are in Appendix 3. Due to the specialized and varied nature of the required expertise, individual consultants will be engaged to implement the TA. Individual consultants will be selected by ADB in accordance with the Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2010, as amended from time to time). Disbursements under the TA will be done in accordance with ADB s Technical Assistance Disbursement Handbook (2010, as amended from time to time). The TA is expected to begin by 27 August 2012 and to be completed by 31 December The TA will be monitored by the executing and implementing agencies. The government s transport sector coordination, monitoring, and implementation committee will serve as the TA steering committee to guide and advise on implementation. The transport and infrastructure sector committee of the independent Consultative Implementation and Monitoring Council will also review the TA outputs. IV. THE PRESIDENT'S DECISION 20. The President, acting under the authority delegated by the Board, has approved the provision of technical assistance not exceeding the equivalent of $1,000,000 on a grant basis to the Government of Papua New Guinea for Regulating and Sustaining Road Transport, and hereby reports this action to the Board.

8 6 Appendix 1 Design Summary DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK Performance Targets and Indicators with Baselines 1 Data Sources and Reporting Mechanisms Assumptions and Risks Impact By 2016: Assumptions More efficient and safer movement of goods and people on roads 25% reduction in travel time to markets National statistics, NRA, DOW, DOT, NRSC reports Increase in the proportion of national roads that are in good condition from 29% in 2010 to 65% Number of accidents on national highways reduced by 15% Continued government support for the transport sector reforms Implementation of DSP and MTDP Approval of new NTS (under preparation) Risks Political instability Upcoming elections Change in DOT Secretary Outcome By 2015: Assumptions Better regulated road transport and improved sustainability of road infrastructure 30% reduction in number of unregistered vehicles National statistics, NRA, DOW, DOT, LTD, NRSC reports Outputs 1. Establishing the RTA 1.1 Road traffic legislation and regulations completed and in force 30% reduction in operation of unlicensed transport services 50% reduction in operation of unroadworthy vehicles 20% increase in NRA annual revenues (baseline: K16 million) Legislation enacted and regulations agreed by the government RTA committee established and operationalized Review mission reports NRA, DOW, DOT, LTD, NRSC, OHE reports Government support for creating the RTA Government approval of adequate resources for RTA Suitable staff recruited for RTA Approval by NEC of RUCs under the NRA Act Implementation by the NRA of improved systems, policies and procedures Risk Delays in government approval Assumption DOT, NEC, and other stakeholders support the institutional and policy reforms Government agencies participate in the RTA committee Risk 1 Due to non-availability of complete data, most of the baselines will be developed during the early stages of implementation.

9 Appendix 1 7 Design Summary Performance Targets and Indicators with Baselines 1 Data Sources and Reporting Mechanisms Assumptions and Risks Delays in government approvals 1.2 RTA operating systems and operating manuals, training materials, and service agreements completed RTA committee approves the operating systems 2. Increasing NRA capacity NRA starts receiving revenues from new RUCs 2.1 Arrangements for collection of additional revenues from RUCs implemented by NRA 2.2 NRA manuals developed for policy and procedures, financial management, administration, and human resources planning completed NRA board approves the manuals 3. Developing Rural Roads Database Government agrees to implement actions 3.1 Action plan for developing and managing a comprehensive database on rural roads completed and ready for implementation 4. Expanding the Skilled Workforce Government agrees with the recommendations 4.1 Human resource strategy to increase skilled workforce for transport infrastructure improvements formulated and ready to be implemented Activities with Milestones 1. Establishing the RTA 1.1 Finalize the road traffic legislation and associated regulations (by December 2013) 1.2 Form an establishment committee for the RTA (by December 2013) 1.3 Develop RTA operating systems, policy and procedure manuals, training materials, and Inputs Asian Development Bank: $1,000,000 grant from Technical Assistance Special Fund (TASF-IV) Item Amount ($ 000) Consultants Equipment 8.5

10 8 Appendix 1 Activities with Milestones contract or agreements with service delivery agents (by December 2013) 2. Increasing NRA Capacity 2.1 Prepare plans and work with NRA in implementing previously recommended improvements to RUCs for road fund (by October 2013) 2.2 Improve NRA capacity by developing better systems and documented policy and procedures for financial management, administration, human resources, planning, and programming (by October 2013) 3. Developing Rural Roads Database 3.1. Prepare framework and implementation plans to develop a comprehensive GIS-linked database on rural roads and arrangements for database management (by August 2013) 4. Expanding the Skilled Workforce 4.1. Work with OHE to develop a human resource strategy to increase the skilled workforce to implement the planned transport infrastructure improvements under the DSP and MTDP (by September 2013) Inputs Workshops 5.0 Miscellaneous 5.0 Contingencies 49.0 Government of Papua New Guinea (in kind) Item Office space Reports Counterpart staff DOT = Department of Transport, DOW = Department of Works, DSP = development strategic plan, GIS = geographic information system, LTD = Land Transport Division, MTDP = medium-term development plan, NEC = National Executive Council, NRA = National Roads Authority, NRSC = National Road Safety Council, NTS = National Transport Strategy, OHE = Office of Higher Education, RTA = road traffic authority, RUC = road user charge. Source: Asian Development Bank.

11 Appendix 2 9 COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING PLAN ($'000) Total Item Cost Asian Development Bank a 1. Consultants a. Remuneration and per diem i. International consultants ii. National consultants b. International and local travel c. Reports and communications Equipment b Workshops Miscellaneous administration and support costs Contingencies Total 1, Note: The technical assistance is estimated to cost $1,000,000, of which contributions from the Asian Development Bank are presented in the table above. The government will provide counterpart support in the form of office space, reports, counterpart staff, and other in-kind contributions. The value of government contribution is estimated to account for 16.7% of the total TA cost. a Financed by the Asian Development Bank s Technical Assistance Special Fund (TASF-IV). b Includes computers, a printer, and geographic information system software. The equipment will be retained by the executing agency after completion of the technical assistance. Source: Asian Development Bank estimates.

12 10 Appendix 3 OUTLINE TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONSULTANTS A. Establishing the Road Traffic Authority 1. Land transport institutions specialist (international, 8 person-months). The specialist will (i) lead this component and be responsible for coordinating reporting and overseeing the work of the information technology systems specialists; (ii) ensure continuity with prior work by reviewing the reports prepared under the TA on National Transport Development Plan ( ) 1 and on Improving Road User Charges and Private Sector Participation in Road Development 2 to gain familiarity with the work already done, and consult with Department of Transport (DOT) staff and the DOT legislative team on actions taken to implement the recommendations; (iii) provide technical assistance for the road transport legislation review being carried out by the DOT legal team; (iv) assist the DOT and other parts of government in the process of enacting the road traffic legislation and associated regulations; (v) help the DOT form a committee with a majority of persons likely to be appointed to the board of the road traffic authority (RTA) once it is created; (vi) help this committee lay the groundwork for the RTA by preparing (a) an assessment of the existing capability of the National Road Safety Council, the Land Transport Division, and the Land Transport Board; (b) an organizational and staffing design, including position descriptions and specifications; (c) funding arrangements; (d) policies and procedures, including those for monitoring and enforcing road traffic laws and regulations; (e) systems, including those for licensing of road vehicles, drivers and transport services, vehicle standards, roadworthiness certification, enforcement, land transport statistical information, and management information; and (f) service delivery arrangements, including agency contracts for driver licensing and vehicle registration; (vii) assist the DOT and other parts of government in appointing the RTA board; (viii) help the RTA board appoint the RTA chief executive and senior managers; (ix) help the RTA establishment committee and chief executive arrange publicity for the new authority; (x) help the RTA board and chief executive to merge the existing staff and assets of the National Road Safety Council, the Land Transport Division, and the Land Transport Board, and to implement the prepared staffing, funding arrangements, policies, procedures, systems, and service delivery arrangements; (xi) help the establishment committee, the RTA board, and the chief executive to prepare and arrange training for RTA board members and staff as they are appointed; 1 Attached to ADB Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors: Proposed Multitranche Financing Facility to Papua New Guinea for the Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program. Manila (Loans 2496 and 2497). 2 ADB Technical Assistance to Papua New Guinea for Improving Road User Charges and Private Sector Participation in Road Development. Manila (TA 7420).

13 Appendix 3 11 (xii) (xiii) (xiv) assist the RTA Board and management in implementing corporate planning and reporting; help the RTA management and board review and update technical aspects of land transport regulation, fees, and fines; and administer stakeholder consultation workshop and surveys. 2. Information technology systems specialists (international, 4 person-months; national, 2 person-months). The specialists will work with the land transport institutions specialist and the RTA committee to (i) define and scope new systems required by RTA for vehicle registration, driver licensing, transport licensing, roadworthiness certification, enforcement, land transport statistical and management information; and (ii) procure and implement the systems. B. Increasing National Roads Authority Capacity 3. Road fund specialist (international, 6 person-months). The specialist will (i) ensure continuity with prior work by reviewing the reports prepared under the TA (footnote 2) to gain familiarity with the work already done and consult with NRA staff on actions taken to implement the recommendations; (ii) assist the NRA after the National Executive Council of the government has considered and approved the road user charges developed under the TA (footnote 2) in adjusting the charges if necessary, and then implement the charges, which will include finalizing implementation timing and agency arrangements; (iii) review NRA capacity, procedures, systems, and use of external resources for planning, programming, preparation, procurement, and supervision of road works, and recommend improvements; (iv) prepare an operational manual for planning, programming, preparation, procurement, and supervision of road works; (v) help the NRA implement the improvements for planning, programming, preparation, procurement, and supervision of road works; (vi) amend and rationalize the existing NRA accounting and finance manuals to tailor them to NRA s needs, organizational structure, the road user charges, and the financial management system used by the NRA; (vii) assist the NRA in implementing the improvements to financial management recommended under the TA (footnote 2),as well as the policy and procedures in the revised financial management manual; (viii) prepare an administration and human resource policy and procedures manual for the NRA; (ix) help the NRA develop and implement administration and human resource policy and procedures; (x) help the NRA complete the drafting and implementation of the Roads (Classification and Standards) Regulation under the NRA Act; and (xi) administer stakeholder consultation workshop and surveys. C. Developing Rural Roads Database 4. Transport planner and/or economist (international, 5 person-months). The expert will (i) lead this component, coordinate reporting, and oversee the work of the geographic information system (GIS) database specialist and national road engineer.

14 12 Appendix 3 (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) become familiar with recent work within the DOT that will form a starting point for the TA. Pay particular attention to (a) the National Transport Strategy (NTS) and background working papers and data, which include MapInfo tables derived from database (dbf) and Excel files, and thematic mapping for illustration of the NTS, including geo-coordinated census population data, road and walking track alignments, ports and jetty locations, airports and airstrips, topographic detail, and the location of health and education facilities; (b) the Transport Investment Priorities Study Excel model and DOT progress in populating the model with provincial data; (c) DOT s transport database development status; (d) the Department of Works (DOW) road asset management system (RAMS) geo-coordinated road inventory for the national and provincial networks; and (e) data and procedures held within the DOT Planning and Coordination Division on provinces and their development plans, and present DOT activities in supporting provincial transport planning. working through the DOW, liaise with the provincial administrations and provincial arms of the DOW to access further available information on (a) the location, design, ownership, condition, and utilization of existing rural roads; (b) provincial expenditures and unit costs of rural road maintenance and construction, using information from the Department of National Planning and Monitoring and the Office of Rural Development when available; and (c) each province s plans and priorities for future development of rural roads. The consultant will assess the capacity and technical capabilities for transport planning and asset management within the provincial administrations and the available contracting resources, plant, and equipment within each province. conduct a review for each province of the recent funding from various sources for rural road maintenance and development and, where possible, compare the funding allocations with actual expenditures and works completed. They will comment on the adequacy of funding for routine and periodic maintenance, rehabilitation, and renewal of assets and on how closely expenditure has followed priorities. suggest improvements to the funding sources, to the allocation and approval processes, and to asset management practices for rural roads at the national level and within each province, with a view to efficiency and effectiveness, giving consideration to the policy directions and analysis in the NTS. examine the existing situation and the future scope for enhanced cooperation between the DOW, provincial administrations, and others to jointly provide provincially or regionally based works units to respond to emergency reinstatement needs, as well as to provide capacity where private sector contracting capability is absent or uncompetitive. It is envisaged that such units would operate on a commercial accounting basis, would be available to provide engineering technical advice, and would carry an inventory of works plant available for hire to the private sector; on a province-by-province basis, estimate the expenditure needs and a practical timeframe for achieving the NTS objective of providing all-weather transport access to 95% of the rural population either by road, water or air. Compare the expenditure requirement with currently available funding and recommend how any identified funding gap might be filled.

15 Appendix 3 13 (viii) (ix) make recommendations on rural roads database management, possibly on the lines of the DOW s existing RAMS, and identify the agency best suited to manage the rural roads database. administer stakeholder consultation workshop and surveys. 5. Geographic information system database specialist (international, 1 person-month). The specialist will (i) assess the adequacy of the available data on rural roads and bridges and, more generally, on other transport infrastructure. This will include inventory, condition rating, and traffic loadings (numbers and heavy axle loads). Where the data is insufficient for planning and prioritization purposes, the specialist will note this and make recommendations on how to cost-effectively fill data gaps. The specialist will consider what technical assistance the DOW should provide to the provincial administrations for data collection; (ii) develop desktop methods for estimating traffic demand based upon catchment population, travel costs to local markets and administrative centers, including the reestablishment of a system of rural traffic zones; (iii) review, update, and extend the data sets in the database developed for the NTS and produce appropriate mapping for each province to illustrate the functional hierarchy of the road network at present and future developments, condition, and priorities for improvement; and (iv) provide training to selected DOW and DOT staff on the use of GIS database to enable them to perform basic queries and produce customized maps of the transport network. Liaise with the DOW to facilitate data exchange with RAMS and ensure that the database and mapping software are securely replicated as read-only copies on-site and backed up off-site. 6. Road engineer (national, 3 person-months). The road engineer will (i) assess the adequacy of available engineering data, condition surveys, and studies on rural roads; (ii) review available data on traffic, origin destination surveys, axle load surveys, and other related information; (iii) prepare a summary of the technical approach and required design standard, taking into consideration accessibility needs and usage of the rural roads; and (iv) assess the nature and level of improvements required for the rural roads and estimate costs. D. Expanding Skilled Workforce 7. Technical education specialist (international, 3 person-months). The specialist will (i) review the government plans for increasing the skilled workforce, as outlined in ADB s Strategy 2020, the country s development strategic plan, and its mediumterm development plan, and the skilled labor needs in transport infrastructure; (ii) undertake a labor market assessment, which will involve a survey of the private sector and industry (such as contractors, consultants, and operators) to estimate the current supply of skilled workers and the demand for new engineers, technicians, and field personnel, as well as the need for upgrading skills; (iii) prepare recommendations on how the current, medium-term, and long-term skilled workforce needs can be met; (iv) review existing scholarship schemes;

16 14 Appendix 3 (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) review the capacity of the national technical universities and colleges and explore the scope for their expansion; identify the role of regional institutions; prepare cost estimates; develop implementation plans; and administer stakeholder consultation workshop and surveys.