GB/T Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T

Transcription

1 Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS K 82 GB/T Proton exchange membrane fuel cell General technical specification of fuel cell stacks 质子交换膜燃料电池电池堆通用技术条件 GB/T How to BUY & immediately GET a full-copy of this standard? Search --> Add to Cart --> Checkout (3-steps); 3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically & immediately delivered to your address in 0~60 minutes. 4. Support: Sales@ChineseStandard.net. Wayne, Sales manager Issued on: May 20, 2008 Implemented on: January 01, 2009 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People s Republic of China; Standardization Administration of the People s Republic of China. Page 1 of 31

2 Table of Contents Foreword... 4 Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Requirements Use conditions General safety measures Design requirements Type inspection General Gas leakage test Normal operation test Allowable working pressure test Cooling system pressure test Gas crossover test Shock resistance and vibration resistance test Electrical overload test Dielectric strength test Pressure difference test Gas leakage test (repeat test) Normal operation test (repeat test) Flammable gas concentration test Freeze/thaw cycle test Routine inspection Air tightness test Dielectric strength test Inspection rules Page 2 of 31

3 7.1 General provisions Type inspection provisions Routine inspection provisions Markings and descriptions General provisions Nameplate Marking of connections Warning mark Technical documentation provided to users Annex A (informative) Preparation method for product model Page 3 of 31

4 Foreword GB/T Proton exchange membrane fuel cell consists of the following parts: 1) Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Terminology (GB/T ); 2) Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - General technical specification of fuel cell stacks (GB/T ). This Part is Part 2 of GB/T This Part has referenced the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC :2004 Fuel cell technologies - Part 2: Fuel cell modules during the development process, drawing the main content about proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks. Annex A to this Part is an informative annex. This Part is proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association. This Part is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Fuel Cells of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 342). Dalian Sunrise Power Co., Ltd. is responsible for the drafting of this Part. Participating drafting organizations of this Part: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics under Chinese Academy of Sciences, Machinery Industry Beijing Electrotechnical Institute of Economic Research and Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. Main drafters of this Part: Hou Zhongjun, Hou Ming, Yang Qiming, Dong Hui, Chen Miaonong, Qiu Lidong, etc. Page 4 of 31

5 Introduction Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - General technical specification of fuel cell stacks is one of the series national standards developed basing on the important technical standard research project Research on Key Technical Standards of New Energy and Renewable Energy - Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Solar Hot Water System, Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Generation and Wind Turbine of the national Tenth Five-Year Plan major science and technology special projects, combining with China s 863 plan fuel cell electric vehicle major project proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology. This Part specifies the basic requirements for the safety and performance, and requirements for type inspection and routine inspection items, test methods, and marking and documentation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (including direct methanol fuel cell stacks). This Part applies to proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (including direct methanol fuel cell stacks). Fuel cells are not only suitable for the construction of stationary power plants to provide community and household power supply, more importantly, on-board fuel cells can provide power supply for electric vehicles and micro-fuel cells are used in a variety of communications equipment, laptops and handheld computers. The fuel cell technology is transformed from the research and development in these aspects to industrialization, and commercialization of fuel cells in stationary power plants, transportation power supply, portable power supply, etc. is coming. Technologies associated with fuel cells will also be commercialized in the next 5 to 10 years. Some new technologies, new materials and new components will also be developed rapidly on the basis of internationalization of the market, and it is expected that fuel cell technologies will be developed continuous at high speed. In Ninth Five-Year Plan and Tenth Five-Year Plan periods, China has taken proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and related technologies as a major project and included it in the national scientific and technological research, including 863 fuel cell vehicle major project plan, and has achieved the staged results. At present, China s PEMFC technologies are technically supported by universities and research institutes, and leaded by several major high-tech enterprises, and the research bases in Dalian, Shanghai, Beijing and Wuhan have been established. Some of them have acquired patented technology with independent intellectual property rights, and are actively promoting the industrialization and commercialization of China s fuel cell technologies. Early development of standards is very important for promoting the industrialization and commercialization of this new technology with unlimited development potential - fuel cells. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has set up IEC/TC 105 to be responsible for the standard developing of fuel cells. In recent years, it works frequently, which has issued the very first fuel cell international standards IEC Page 5 of 31

6 Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - General technical specification of fuel cell stacks 1 Scope This Part of GB/T specifies the basic requirements for safety and performance, type inspection and routine inspection items, test methods, marking and documentation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (including direct methanol fuel cell stacks). This Part applies to proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (including direct methanol fuel cell stacks) (hereinafter referred to as fuel cell stacks ). This Part involves only situations that may cause harm to human body and the external environment of fuel cells. The protection against internal damage to fuel cell stacks is not specified in this Part as long as it does not affect the safety of fuel cell stacks. This Part does not include fuel and oxidant storage devices as well as fuel and oxidant delivery processes and delivery devices. If there are better materials or new structures that pass the inspection specified in this Part and meet the relevant requirements, they may also be considered complying with this Part. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this Part, constitute provisions of this Part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding corrections to), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, the parties to agreements based on this Part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. GB/T Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Tests methods - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (GB/T , IEC :1995, IDT) GB/T Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test methods - Test Eh: Hammer tests (GB/T , IEC :1997, IDT) Page 7 of 31

7 GB/T 3512 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests (GB/T , eqv ISO 188:1998) GB 3836 (all parts) Electrical apparatus for explosive atmosphere (equivalent to IEC (all parts)) GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (GB , IEC 60529:2001, IDT) GB 4943 Safety of information technology equipment (GB , IEC :1999, IDT) GB/T Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 8: Connector tests (mechanical) and mechanical tests on contacts and terminations (GB/T , IEC , IDT) GB/T 5169 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products (equivalent to IEC 60695) GB/T 5563 Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies - Hydrostatic testing (GB/T , ISO 1402:1994, IDT) GB/T 7826 Analysis techniques for system reliability - Procedure for malfunction mode and effects analysis (FMEA) (GB/T , idt IEC 60812:1985) GB/T 7829 Procedure for fault tree analysis (GB/T , neq IEC 60056) GB/T Rubber hoses and hose assemblies - Textile-reinforced hydraulic types - Specification - Part 1: Oil-based fluid applications (GB/T , ISO :2001, MOD) GB/T (all parts) Solderless connections (idt all parts of IEC 60352) GB/T Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Terminology IEC (all parts) Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems ISO 37 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of tensile stress-strain properties ISO 1307 Rubber and plastics hoses for general-purpose industrial applications - Bore diameters and tolerances, and tolerances on length ISO 4672 Rubber and plastics hoses - Sub-ambient temperature flexibility tests Page 8 of 31

8 Exceptional circumstances Inside the fuel cell stack, the mass of membrane or other similar material is less than 10 % of the total mass of the fuel cell stack Safety measures Fuel cell stacks designed according to 4.2 a) and 4.2 b) are allowed to operate without external safety measures. The active control of the safety of fuel cell stacks can be achieved by the safety device in a fuel cell module or in a fuel cell system Piping and fitting assembly The dimension of piping shall comply with the design requirements and the material shall meet the requirements for the fluid and fluid pressure of the intended delivery. Threaded connection can only be used on portions where a fluid leakage does not create a hazard, such as air supply circuit, cooling circuit. All other joints shall be welded, or at least assembled with and connected to the specified sealing area as required by the manufacturer. In fuel gas or oxygen piping, the joints used shall be ground-joint type, flanged-joint type or compression-joint type to prevent fuel gas or oxygen leakage. Piping systems shall meet the requirements for the gas leakage test specified in 5.2. The inner surface of piping shall be thoroughly cleaned to remove particulates, and the obstructions and burrs of the piping ends shall be carefully removed. Flexible piping and associated fittings used to convey gases shall comply with GB/T 3512, GB/T 5563, GB/T , ISO 37, ISO 1307 and ISO 4672, and piping used to convey hydrogen shall be given special consideration Nonmetallic piping systems Plastic and rubber piping, tubing and components can be used in the following cases: Nonmetallic piping systems shall adapt to the joint action of the maximum operating temperature and the maximum operating pressure. It is not allowed to release substances harmful to fuel cells. It shall be compatible with other materials and chemicals to be contact with in use, repair and maintenance. It shall have sufficient mechanical strength. It shall meet the requirements of 5.4 and 5.5. If necessary, apply protective sleeves or covers to prevent mechanical damage to the plastic or rubber fittings on fuel cell stacks. Page 12 of 31

9 4.3.8 Insulating materials and dielectric strength All insulated structural designs between the live and non-live conductive parts of fuel cell stacks shall comply with the corresponding requirements of the relevant standards for electrical insulation structures. The mechanical properties (e.g. tensile strength) of the material that affects the component function shall be ensured. When the temperature of the portion at which the material is used is 20 K higher than the maximum value of the normal operating temperature (but not less than 80 C), it shall still meet the design requirements Grounding Non-live metal parts shall be connected to a common ground point. In order to ensure good electrical contact, all electrical connections shall not be loosened or twisted, and sufficient contact pressure shall be maintained. All electrical connections shall be protected against corrosion and it shall not have chemical corrosion between metal parts connected to each other Shock and vibration Shock and vibration during intended usage shall not cause any hazard Monitoring methods To ensure the safety of fuel cell stacks, the monitoring measures with the following parameters shall be provided: a) temperature of cell stacks; b) voltage of cell stacks and/or cells. The location of the monitoring points is specified by the manufacturer of cell stacks and is described to the manufacturer of fuel cell systems. In the case of using other methods to provide safe operation assurance for fuel cell stacks, these methods must have the same safety assurance capability as temperature and voltage monitoring. 5 Type inspection 5.1 General Unless otherwise stated, the single-manufactured test samples shall be fuel cell stacks prepared for delivering to the users; the batch-manufactured samples shall be sampled randomly according to the specified sample quantity. Page 14 of 31

10 If the internal pressure on the fuel side and the oxidant side of the fuel cell stack is the same or similar during normal operation, they can be connected to each other during the test. If the fuel cell stack has a cooling channel with the working pressure the same as or similar to the fuel chamber and the oxidant chamber, the channel can also be subjected to the allowable working pressure test in the same way. The fuel cell stack (anode and cathode channel, coolant channel) shall be pressurized step by step until the pressure reaches 1.3 times the allowable working pressure (whichever is higher), keeping the pressure stable for at least 1 min. If the fuel cell stack has a relief valve, it shall be removed or made ineffective. If the test conditions are met, the test shall be carried out during the gas leakage test or the normal operation test. If the test conditions cannot be met, the fuel cell stack can be tested at a pressure not lower than 1.5 times the allowable working pressure and at ambient temperature. During the allowable working pressure test, the fuel cell stack shall not be cracked, broken, permanently deformed or otherwise physically damaged. 5.5 Cooling system pressure test If the cooling system is not tested in the allowable working pressure test, the cooling system shall be subjected to the pressure test, and the test medium shall be specified cooling medium. The temperature of the fuel cell stack shall be the same as the temperature during the allowable working pressure test. The cooling system of the fuel cell stack shall be pressurized to 1.3 times the allowable working pressure, keeping for at least 10 min. If the test temperature is not met, the test can be carried out at ambient temperature and 1.5 times the allowable operating pressure of the cooling system. During the pressure test, the system shall not be cracked, broken, permanently deformed or otherwise physically damaged. If liquid test medium is used, the test medium shall not leak during the test. 5.6 Gas crossover test If the gas crossover rate measured according to and is not greater than the specified value in f), it is determined to meet the requirements Determination of gas crossover speed from fuel chamber to oxidant chamber Page 18 of 31

11 oxidant chamber measured in time t 2 (standard state), ml; t 2 - the measurement time, min. NOTE: The measurement of the gas blown from the fuel chamber and the oxidant chamber to the coolant chamber is not necessary for fuel cell stacks without coolant chambers or with opened coolant chambers. 5.7 Shock resistance and vibration resistance test The test method for shock resistance of fuel cell stacks shall comply with the provisions of GB/T , and the test method for vibration resistance shall comply with the provisions of GB/T NOTE: Because of the significant difference between the sizes and use conditions of fuel cell stacks, the shock and vibration test conditions and severity vary with different structures and use conditions of products. The manufacturer shall specify the allowable values and the severity conditions of the test. After the test, the fuel cell stack shall not be cracked, broken or otherwise physically damaged, and shall be able to withstand the test specified in 5.9 ~ 5.13 and meet the relevant requirements. 5.8 Electrical overload test In order to verify whether the fuel cell stack has the specified electrical overload capacity, the electrical overload test shall be carried out. The fuel cell stack shall be operated stably at the rated current, and then gradually increase the current to the specified value in u) and keep constant in the specified time. After the overload test, the fuel cell stack shall not be cracked, broken, permanently deformed or otherwise physically damaged. 5.9 Dielectric strength test The fuel cell stack can be manufactured in two different designs: a) fixed (grounded) cell stack; b) removable cell stack. For design a), the dielectric strength test is not required, it shall only measure the open circuit voltage. For design b), the dielectric strength test shall be carried out when normally adding the cooling medium and at the operating temperature. If the fuel cell stack cannot maintain the operating temperature, the dielectric strength test shall be carried out at the Page 20 of 31

12 the maximum allowable operating temperature or minimum operating temperature (whichever is more stringent) of the fuel cell stack. Pass the appropriate gas into the cathodic channel and gradually pressurize to 1.3 times the maximum allowable working pressure difference, stabilize the pressure for not less than 1 min, and measure the leakage rate, for example, by continuously measuring with a flow meter in the test, if impossible, measure before and after pressurizing to the maximum allowable working pressure difference. The fuel cell stack cannot be cracked, broken, permanently deformed or otherwise physically damaged in the pressure difference test. At the test temperature, the leakage rate between the cathode and the anode chambers shall not be increased due to this test. The deviation between the measured value after the pressurization and the initial test result shall not exceed the accuracy requirements specified by the instrument Gas leakage test (repeat test) The fuel cell stack shall be subjected to the gas leakage test again without preconditioning, with the same test conditions as 5.2. The gas leakage rate shall not exceed the specified value and shall not exceed 10 % or 5 ml/min of the initial test value (choose whichever is higher) Normal operation test (repeat test) Repeat the normal operation test in accordance with 5.3. The deviation between the measured value and the initial test result shall not exceed the accuracy requirements specified by the instrument Flammable gas concentration test This test is only applicable to closed systems with centralized safety ventilation systems and purge procedures, of which the operating temperature is lower than the auto-ignition temperature of flammable gases. The safe ventilation and purge process is closely related to the specific characteristics and requirements of fuel cell stacks. In this test, it shall determine the maximum concentration of flammable gases in the enclosure of fuel cell stacks during normal operation. The test shall be carried out under normal conditions and there shall be no perceptible airflow in the test area. The fuel cell stack shall be operated in the normal temperature range until it is thermally stable. Then measure at a distance from the purge port and the gas discharge outlet, to ensure that the measured flammable gas concentration is the concentration in the enclosure. This test shall be carried out continuously and the time interval between the two measuring readings shall be not less than 30 min until the increment of successive two measured values do not exceed 5 % of the average value of successive four measured values. Page 22 of 31

13 8.2 Nameplate The fuel cell stack shall have a nameplate. The nameplate shall be securely fixed on an easily accessible area. The nameplate shall contain at least: a) name or registered trademark of the manufacturer; b) product model; c) standard number; d) production date code or serial number for querying production date. 8.3 Marking of connections If incorrect connection of connections may lead to unsafety, an identification mark shall be given. If electrical connections have polarity, or ground terminals and ground connection lines, they shall be indicated. 8.4 Warning mark Warning marks shall be used on hazardous portions, for example: a) electric shock hazard; b) high temperatures; c) flammable gases or liquids; d) corrosive media (if any); e) toxic media (if any). If there is high voltage, a warning mark indicating High pressure, discharge before use shall be set on the fuel cell stack Technical documentation provided to users General requirements The information of fuel cell stacks necessary for the integration, installation, operation and maintenance of fuel cell systems shall be indicated in the form of drawings, tables and instructions. Unless the manufacturer of systems and the manufacturer of fuel cell stacks otherwise agreed, the manufacturer of cell stacks shall provide these technical documents for each fuel cell stack. Page 25 of 31

14 If necessary, the space required for the handling or maintenance of fuel cell stacks shall be described in the drawing. In addition, it shall provide the connection diagram, giving complete information on all external connections Operation manual The technical documentation shall contain an operating manual, which details the proper start-up and use procedures of fuel cell stacks, and provides special precautions for safety measures and possible improper operation. When the fuel cell stack is programmed, it shall provide the details of the program design, the necessary equipment, the program calibration, and the details of attendant necessary safety procedures. The operating manual shall contain: a) start-up and operation procedures; b) sequence of operations; c) detection frequency; d) normal and emergency shutdown procedures; e) storage requirements; f) precautions and prohibited operations; g) information on the natural environment (e.g. vibration intensity, impact strength, air pollutants, etc.) Maintenance manual The technical documentation shall contain a maintenance manual, which shall specify the requirements for commissioning, maintenance, preventive inspection and repair, and time intervals. It shall specify the validation method for correct operations in detail (e.g. software test procedure). It is advisable to include maintenance records in the maintenance manual. The manufacturer of fuel cell stacks shall also address the disposal and recycling of parts and components Parts and components list In order to protect the normal operation, preventive maintenance or troubleshooting of the user's fuel cell stack, the parts and components list shall contain at least the necessary information for the ordered spare parts or spare products (e.g. components, Page 28 of 31