UNCLASSIFIED DEFENSE DOCUMENTATION CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATIION. CAMERON STATION. AlEXANDRIA. VIRGINIA UNCLASSIFIED

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1 UNCLASSIFIED DEFENSE DOCUMENTATION CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATIION CAMERON STATION. AlEXANDRIA. VIRGINIA UNCLASSIFIED

2 NOTICE: When government or other drawngs, specfcatons or other data are used for any purpose other than In connecton wth a defntely related government procurement operaton, the U. S. Government thereby Incurs no responsblty, nor any oblgaton whatsoever; and the fact that the Government may have fomulated, furnshed, or In any way suppled the sad drawngs, specfcatons, or other data s not to be regarded by mplcaton or otherwse as n any manner lcensng the holder or any other person or corporaton, or conveyng any rghts or permsson to manufacture, use or sell any patented Inventon that may n any way be related thereto.

3 C- tx* 00 RTE)-TDR CO STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED PLASTIC LAMINATES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (EPOXY RESIN ERSB-0 AND 8-A00 GLASS FABRIC) : J f TECHNICAL DOCUMENTARY REPORT No. RTD-TDR ' - MARCH 964 AF MATERIALS LABORATORY RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIVISION AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OHIO Project No. 738, Task No TISIA t (Prepared under Contract No. DO AF 33(657) by the Forest Products Laboratory, Forest Servce, U.S. Department of Agrculture, Madson, Wsconsn, Kenneth H. Boler, author)

4 NOTICES When Government drawngs, specfcatons, or other data are used for any purpose other than n connecton wth a defntely related Government procurement operaton, the Unted States Government thereby ncurs no responsblty nor any oblgaton whatsoever; and the fact that the Government may have formulated furnshed, or n any way suppled the sad drawngs, specfcatons, or other data, s not to be regarded by mplcaton or otherwse as n any manner lcensng the holder or any other person or corporaton, or conveyng any rghts or permsson to manufacture, use, or sell any patented nventon that may n any way be related thereto. Qualfed requesters may obtan copes of ths report from the Defense Documentaton Center (DDC), (formerly ASTIA), Cameron Staton, Bldg. 5, 500 Duke Street, Alexandra, Vrgna, Ths report has been released to the Offce of Techncal Servces, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washngton 25, D. C, n stock quanttes for sale to the general publc. Copes of ths report should not be returned to the Research and Technology Dvson, Wrght-Patterson Ar Force Base, Oho, unless return Is requred by securty consderatons, contractual oblgatons, or notce on a specfc document Aprl

5 FOREWORD Ths report was prepared by the Forest Products Laboratory. Work here reported was sponsored by the AF Materals Laboratory under USAF Contract No. DO 33(657) Ths contract s carred under Project No. 738, "Materals Applcaton," Task No , "Materalsnformaton Development, Collecton and Processng." It was admnstered under the drecton of the AF Materals Laboratory Research and Technology Dvson, Mr. T. J. Renhart, Jr., project engneer. Data on the epoxy lamnates are based on work that was done between August 962 and August 963. The materal tested may not have been developed or ntended by the manufacturer for the condtons to whch t was subjected. Performance s therefore not necessarly ndcatve of ts utlty under less strngent condtons or for other applcatons.

6 ABSTRACT Several renforced plastc lamnates that show promse of havng good strength propertes at elevated temperature are beng evaluated to determne ther strength and elastc propertes. Flexure, tenson, compresson, nterlamnar shear, and bearng tests parallel to the warp drecton are made to determne the effects of hgh temperature and duraton of exposure on the strength propertes. Tenson tests at 45" to the warp drecton are made to obtan data from whch edgewse shear strength can be calculated. Creep and stress-rupture data are obtaned under both tenson and compresson loads. In addton to strength propertes, data are obtaned on weght loss of the lamnated materal durng exposure. Ths report s the eghth n a seres that present strength propertes of materals desgned to endure elevated temperatures. Data have been presented on such lamnated materals as slcone-glass, phenolc-glass, slcone-asbestos, phenolc-asbestos, epoxy-glass, and phenyl-slaneglass. Ths report presents strength propertes and strength-exposure curves of an epoxy resn lamnate, made by Unon Carbde Plastcs Company, havng a specal blend of resn labeled ERSB-0 n conjuncton wth 8-A 00 glass fabrc. Data are presented n both tables and curves. The data show the effects of temperature between 80 s and,000 F., and exposure perods between 0.05 and,000 hours on the ndvdual strength propertes. The magntude of the varous effects may be judged separately. In general, the data show that all mechancal strengths, except tenson at 0*, decrease unformly wth ncreases n temperatures of short duraton. The tensle strength remaned relatvely hgh untl a crtcal exposure was reached and then dropped rapdly. The data also show that the strengths reman relatvely constant durng most constant temperature exposures untl a crtcal exposure s reached and then drop rapdly. Ths techncal documentary report has been revewed and s approved. D. A. SHINN Chef, Materals Informaton Branch Materals Applcatons Dvson AF Materals Laboratory

7 TABLE OF CONTENTS Secton I INTRODUCTION Page II MATERIAL..,,... 2 n TEST METHODS... 2 IV PRESENTATION OF DATA 3 V DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 5 VI SUMMARY OF RESULTS 9 REFERENCES - 0

8 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fgure Page Deteroraton (as Weght Loss) at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-OUI Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 20 2 Flexural Strength at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-Al 00 Glass Fabrc 2 3 Flexural Modulus at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-Al 00 Glass Fabrc 22 4 Flexural Strength Versus Weght Loss at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 23 5 Tensle Strength at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-Al 00 Glass Fabrc. Tests Made Parallel to Warp Drecton 24 6 Tensle Modulus at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc. Tests Made Parallel to Warp Drecton 25 7 Tensle Stress-Rupture Curves for Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc. Tests Made Parallel to Warp Drecton 26 8 Relatonshp of Tensle Creep at Varous Stress Levels to Average Tensle Stress-Stran Curves for Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-OUI Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc Tensle Strength at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc. Tests Made at 45 to the Warp Drecton 28 0 Compressvc Strength at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-Al 00 Glass Fabrc 29

9 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (Cont.) Fgure Page Compressve Modulus of Elastcty at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Mad of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 30 2 Compressve Stress-Rupture Curves for Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc Relatonshp of Compressve Creep at Varous Stress Levels to Average Compressve Stress-Stran Curves for Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 32 4 Interlamnar Shear Strength at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-Al 00 Glass Fabrc, Maxmum Bearng Stress at Elevated Temperatures of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 34 6 Mechancal Strengths at Elevated Temperatures After 2- Hour Exposure for Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-AH00 Glass Fabrc 35 7 Mechancal Strengths at Elevated Temperatures After 00- Hour Exposure for Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 36 v

10 LIST OF TABLES Table Page Results of Prelmnary Qualty Tests of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8- AUOO Glass Fabrc 2 Flexural Propertes of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 2 3 Tensle Propertes of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Res. and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc. Tests Made Parallel to Warp Drecton 3 4 Stress-Rupture and Creep Data from Tenson Tests of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 4 5 Tensle Propertes of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc. Tests Made at 45* to the Warp Drecton 5 6 Compressve Propertes of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 6 7 Stress-Rupture and Creep Data from Compresson Tests of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8- A00 Glass Fabrc 7 8 Interlamnar Shear Strength of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 8 9 Maxmum Bearng Stress of Epoxy Lamnates Made of ERSB-0 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc 9 Vll,

11 I. INTRODUCTION Ths presentaton of data s the eghth n a seres of reports to present desgn crtera at elevated temperatures for plastc lamnates that are currently avalable commercally. Prevous reports are lsted under "References" at the end of ths report. In general, the development of ever faster flght vehcles and the resultng ncreases n ther operatng temperatures requre expanson of knowledge concernng the strength propertes of the new structural materals to be used. Renforced plastc lamnates are beng used or consdered n many structural components of flght vehcles, and research s beng drected toward the development of combnatons of resns and renforcements that have a hgh degree of heat resstance. Standard desgn data are needed for heat-resstant plastc materals to show the effects of elevated temperatures, for varous perods of exposure, on ther strength and related propertes. In order to provde such desgn data for currently avalable plastcs over ther useful temperature range, the Forest Products Laboratory s engaged n a program of research and evaluaton, n cooperaton wth RTDand materals manufacturers. The scope of the program ncludes the evaluaton of the effect of the followng: (A) Tme and temperature on the deteroraton of plastcs, as measured by weght loss. (B) Duraton of exposure n an unstressed state at elevated temperatures on the mechancal propertes n flexure, tenson, compresson, bearng, and shear (both nterlamnar and edgewse). (C) Duraton of exposure at constant tensle and compressve loads at elevated temperatures on strength and deformaton. The current temperature range referred to n ths report s from room temperature to,000 F. (27 to 538" C), and the duraton of exposure (soak perod) s from a few mnutes to,000 hours. Manuscrpt released by author Septembe r 963 for publcaton as an RTD Techncal Documentary Report.

12 n. MATERIAL Lamnated panels of epoxy resn renforced wth glass fabrc were furnshed by the Unon Carbde Plastcs Company, Bound Brook, N.J. Informaton suppled wth ths materal s as follows: Resn -ERSB-0 Catalyst---2 percent BF monoethylamne on resn solds Fabrc orentaton--not nested but parallel lamnated Number of ples--2 Fabrc "E" glass, 8 and Al 00 fnsh Resn content--37 percent, mpregnated from soluton Precure None Cauls--Polshed steel wth slcone release agent Cure-- hour at 60* C. (320 F.) and 00 pounds per square nch, then 2 hours at 90 C. (374 F. ) Postcure 6 hours at 205 C. (40* F.) Unon Carbde furnshed 25 panels 8 nch thck and 22 nches square. The Forest Products Laboratory determned the average specfc gravty to be.82, the average Barcol hardness to be 73, and the resn content from burnoff tests to be 36 percent, n. TEST METHODS Each mechancal test was made n accordance wth generally accepted engneerng practces, summarzed as follows:

13 Federal Standard 406 Test Method Mechancal Test Number ASTM Method Flexure 03 D T Tenson 0 D T Compresson 02 D T Inter lamnar Shear 042 (clamped) None Bearng 05 D (Method A) Tensle stress-rupture 063 None Cotnpressve stress-rupture None None Weght loss 704 None The test methods used n ths study are descrbed n these references, and the apparatus used are descrbed n the appendx of ASD Techncal Report (5).- IV. PRESENTATION OF DATA Table presents the results of prelmnary qualty tests of these lamnates. The specmens were cut and tested so that the fber stress was appled parallel to the warp drecton of the fabrc. Flexure specmens were 8 nch thck by nch wde by 4 nches long, and compresson specmens were 8 nch thck by 34 nch wde by 3-8 nches long wth a l2-nchwde net secton. Compresson specmens were laterally supported and loaded at a rate of head moton of 0,007 nch per mnute, so that loaddeformaton data could be obtaned. Each value shown for flexure and compresson s the average of fve specmens. However, the Arcraft Research Techncal Commttee has a method No. that was used. 2 Underlned numbers n parentheses refer to lterature lsted under "References" at the end of ths report.

14 Tables 2 through 9 present the results of tests to determne the effects of dfferent elevated temperatures for varous perods of exposure on propertes of ths materal. Strength propertes shown for each specfc temperature are based on tests of specmens that were both soaked and tested at that temperature. All data, except n Tables 4 and 7, ndcate propertes after exposure of specmens n the unstressed state. Tables 4 and 7 present stress-rupture and creep data that were obtaned from specmens exposed n the stressed state. After some of the unstressed soak perods, strength propertes could not be measured or were zero. Unless otherwse noted, each value n the tables, except n Tables 4 and 7, s the average of fve specmens. Values n Tables 4 and 7 are from ndvdual specmens unless otherwse noted. Fgures through 7 show the effects of soak perods at elevated temperatures on the varous propertes. Data were plotted from the tables. Smooth curves have been drawn to approxmate the plotted ponts. The symbol <, meanng less than., s used n conjuncton wth the plotted ponts at zero strength. Data so ndcated are from specmens that had become so weakened that they fell apart durng handlng at the ndcated exposure perod. Obvously, the strength or stffness was nl at some soak perod less than that ndcated but the exact tme of zero strength s unknown. The relatve amount of creep at varous stress levels for three temperatures s shown n Fgures 8 and 3, based on data n Tables 4 and 7, At each stress level, a short horzontal lne shows the creep that occurred from the tme of ntal loadng untl the specmen faled or was removed from the creep machne. The creep lne at ndvdual stress levels s shown begnnng at an "average" stress-stran curve obtaned from strength tests loaded to falure n about 3 mnutes, and endng -when the specmen faled or the test termnated at,000 hours. Fgures 6 and 7 present curves that summarze the effect of temperature on fve mechancal propertes after exposure for 2 and 00 hours. All strengths are shown as percentages of ther respectve room-temperature values. The curves are based on values from other strength-tme plots n ths report.

15 V. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Prelmnary qualty tests (Table l) of ths epoxy resn lamnate renforced wth 8-Al 00 glass fabrc showed results that were generally n agreement wth MIL-R-9300A requrements. On the bass of ths samplng, the followng comprehensve evaluaton was made: Weght Loss Deteroraton due to contnued exposure to elevated temperatures was measured through the loss of weght by the flexure specmens durng ther respectve exposure perods (Table 2). Weghts retaned are shown as percent of ntal weght n Fgure for varous temperatures and perods of exposure at these elevated temperatures. The data show that at 300 and 400 F, for exposures of from 6 hour to,000 hours, the specmens lost from to 6 percent of ther weght. Increases n temperature above 400 F., whch was the postcure temperature, reduced weght retenton at all perods of exposure and, of course, there was further reducton n weght retenton wth ncreases n duraton of exposure. Rapd weght losses were experenced above 400 F, It appears as though rapd losses occurred at temperature and exposure condtons that cause losses greater than 0 percent. Flexure Test Results The results of flexure tests, as presented n Table 2 and Fgures 2, 3, and 4, show the effect of tme and temperature on the modulus of rupture and the modulus of elastcty, and the effect of weght loss on strength at varous temperatures and perods of exposure. At constant temperatures of 300 and 400'' F., the strength-exposure curves (Fg. 2) show strength losses wth the frst applcaton of heat (0. 7 hour duraton), and then ncrease n strength wth ncreases n duraton of exposure untl a maxmum s reached. At constant temperatures of 500 to 700 F., the strength dropped rapdly n the frst 6 hour, remaned relatvely constant for varous perods, and then dropped to zero. At temperatures above 700 F., all strength s lost wthn hour of exposure. The flexural modulus of elastcty at varous exposures (Fg. 3) has about the same pattern as that for modulus of rupture.

16 Snce weght loss determnatons n ths seres of tests were made on flexure specmens, the data could provde a drect comparson of flexural strength wth weght loss. Such a comparson was attempted n Fgure 4. The envelope of values, that usually converges to zero at some resn content, s not well defned because the values at 600 F. have a wde range. However, a trend does exst whch shows that hgh strengths occur when weght loss s small and vce versa. Tenson Test Results The results of tenson tests, presented n Tables 3, 4, and 5 and Fgures 5 through 9, show the effects of exposure on several propertes. The results of tenson tests at 0 to warp (Tables 3 and 4 and Fgs. 5, 6, 7, and 8) show the detrmental effects of tme and temperature on strength and elongaton n a drecton of loadng where the glass fbers play a major role. Fgure 6, for example, shows relatve strength values hgher than those shown for flexure (Fg. 2). Rapd heatng to 700 F,, wth only 0,05 hour soak, causes strength reductons of less than 20 percent of the control strength. Strength-exposure curves (Fg, 5) show nearly constant values for temperatures from 300 to 800 F. for a range n tme of exposure. The strength level of ths plateau s greater than 80 percent of the control strength, and the extent of the plateau at temperatures between 400 and 700 F. depends upon the tme of exposure. Durng perods of exposure beyond the lmts of the plateau, the strength declnes rapdly. Some tensle strength s avalable for short perods of exposure up to,000 F., -whereas other mechancal strengths, that wll be shown later, are nl at temperatures above 700 F. The tensle modulus of elastcty (Fg. 6) s also nearly a constant value between 2-34 and 3 mllon pounds per square nch at temperatures of 300, 400, and 500 F., except after 00 hours at 500 F, Temperatures above ths exposure cause modulus values to be about 2 mllon pounds per square nch up to the tme rapd degradaton occurs. The results of tenson tests at 45 to -warp (Fg. 9) show the detrmental effects of tme and temperature on strength n a drecton of loadng where shear stresses between fbers n the resn provde resstance to the tensle force. In ths drecton of loadng, the detrmental effect of tme and temperature s greater than that at 0 " tensle loadng (Fg. 5), and about equal to that n flexure (Fg. 2). It can be shown that the edgewse shear strength s related to the tensle propertes at 0 and 45 to the warp (5). Hence the effects of exposure shown by the 0 and 45 data are applcable to the effect of exposure on edgewse shear propertes.

17 The results of tenson tests at constant loads (Table 5, Fgs. 7 and 8) show the effect of stress, temperature, and tme on strength and creep. The effects of temperature and tme prevously dscussed were obtaned on unstressed specmens that were loaded to falure after exposure, but the creep and stress-rupture tests provded data on specmens that were loaded to a constant stress durng exposure. Creep specmens tested at elevated temperatures were heated at ther respectve temperatures for 2 hour before constant load was appled. A comparson of the strength data obtaned as a result of exposure n the unstressed as well as n the stressed condton s shown for three temperatures n Fgure 7. The stress-rupture data are represented by sold lnes and the data for unstressed materal,.e. strength-exposure curves, by broken lnes--the latter beng transferred from Fgure 5. The stressrupture values at each temperature of exposure are lower, as expected, than the strength-exposure curves. In analyzng the stress-rupture data at elevated temperatures, the tensle strength of unstressed materal must be taken nto account, notng that the strength frst decreased wth applcaton of heat and then ncreased wth ncreases n exposure untl degradaton occurred. Ths phenomena causes the 300 and 500 F. stress-rupture curves to be flatter than the room temperature stress-rupture curve durng the frst two log-cycles of ther length. When detrmental thermal degradaton occurs, the curves declne rapdly. The decrease parallels the strength-exposure curve at the same temperature, but the decrease occurs after a shorter perod of exposure, so that at equvalent stresses the duraton of exposure s less for stressed specmens than for unstressed specmens. Stran data were also observed durng the stress-rupture tests. Strans observed at full load were about the same as those observed at the same stress when the materal was loaded n the short-tme tenson test after 2-hour exposure to temperature. To elmnate unmeasured strans resultng from the heatng and the orgnal algnment of fxtures, only the creep data are presented n Table 4 and n Fgure 8. In Fgure 8, these creep values have been added to the average stress-stran curve for the materal. The length of the creep lnes n Fgure 8 shows that at room temperature there s very lttle creep, but as the temperature ncreases to 500 F., the amount of creep ncreases consderably.

18 Compresson Test Results The results of the compresson tests, whch were obtaned by loadng parallel to the warp drecton of the lamnate, are presented n Tables 6 and 7 and Fgures 0 to 3. These data show the effects of exposure on specmens n both the stressed and unstressed condton. Fgures 0 and show the compressve strength and modulus of elastcty of specmens after exposure to varous temperatures for varous soak perods n the unstressed condton. Rapd heatng and soakng for only the duraton of the load causes an ntal drop n strength at all temperatures. After ths ntal soak perod of only 0,05 hour, the strength-exposure curve at 300 F. ncreases wth ncreases n tme, but the curves at other temperatures reman constant wth tme untl permanent degradaton occurs. Fgure 2 shows the effect of exposure on compressve strength n the stressed condton. The stress-rupture data n ths fgure are compared wth the strength-exposure data. These stress-rupture curves are lower for each temperature than ts respectve strength-exposure curve, as was observed wth tensle characterstcs. The slope of the room temperature stress-rupture curve s greater than that for the 300 or 500" F. curves. At 300 F., the strength-exposure curves show a strengthenng wth exposure, and at the same tme degradaton due to stress-rupture fatgue s occurrng, so that the stress-rupture curve has lttle slope. Stran data were also observed durng the stress-rupture tests. Strans observed at full load were about the same as those observed at the same stress when the materal was loaded n the short-tme compressve test after 2-hour soak. To elmnate unmeasured strans durng heatng and algnment of fxtures, only the creep s presented n Table 7 and Fgure 3. These creep values, shown n Fgure 3, have been added to the average stress-stran curve for the materal. Intcrlamnar Shear Tests (Table 8) The tests for nterlamnar shear strength show the effects of tme and temperature n a plane where the renforcng fbers play a mnor role. In ths test the resn strength predomnates. Fgure 4 shows a farly unform drop n strength at 2-hour exposure for ncreases n temperature to 700 F. Subsequent ncrease n soakng perod at constant temperature does not have as great an affect.

19 Maxmum Bearng Stress The tests for maxmum bearng stress that ths materal wll sustan after exposure show the effects on a mechancal property that s a combnaton of tensle, compressve, and shear strengths. The results (Table 9), however, do not ndcate the effects tobe cumulatve. The magntude and pattern of the strength-exposure curves (Fg. 5) s smlar to that exhbted by the other mechancal tests. VI. SUMMARY OF RESULTS In general, the exposure of the glass-renforced plastc lamnates to elevated temperatures less than,000 F, eventually reduces the strength to zero. The data and curves ndcate the strength avalable for use at varous temperatures and soak perods. The amount of avalable strength vares wth the property evaluated, perod of exposure, and temperature of exposure. Avalable strengths are summarzed for fve mechancal tests after 2 and 00 hours of exposure n Fgures 6 and 7, The curves n Fgure 6 show that tensle strength n excess of 75 percent of room temperature value s avalable through 700 F., whereas all other strengths are almost nl at 700" F., the latter havng decreased unformly from room temperature. Fgure 7 shows the strengths retaned after 00 hours. The pattern of tensle strength has changed consderably, but others have not changed as much. In general, the test data and curves presented n ths report show that strength drops wth the frst applcaton of heat. The tensle strength was affected the least and the compressve strength the most. After the frst strength loss, the materal was relatvely stable wth ncreasng soak tme untl permanent deteroraton occurred.

20 REFERENCES The followng prevous reports have been prepared n ths seres:. Boler, K. H. I960. Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates at Elevated Temperatures (CTL-9 LD Phenolc Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc). WADC TR Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates at Elevated Temperatures (Phenolc-Asbestos, RM Pyrotex Felt Style 4-RPD). WADD 60-77, Part. I960. Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates at Elevated Temperatures (Epon 03 Resn and 8-Volan A Glass Fabrc). WADD TR , Tensle and Compressve Strength of Renforced Plastc Lamnates After Rapd Heatng. WADD TR Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates at Elevated Temperatures (CTL 37-9X Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc). ASDTR Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates at Elevated Temperatures (Slcone-Asbestos, RM Pyrotex Felt Style 45-RPD). ASD-TDR Effect of Elevated Temperatures on Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates. ASD-TDR Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates at Elevated Temperatures (Narmco 534 Resn and 8-A00 Glass Fabrc). Report submtted to ASD Sept, , and Kmball, K. E Strength Propertes of Renforced Plastc Lamnates at Elevated Temperatures (DC 206 Resn and 6-Heat Cleaned Glass Fabrc). WADC TR

21 I TABLE, RESULTS OP PRELIMINARY QUALITY TESTS OF EPOXY LAMINATES MADE OF ERSB-Olll RESIN AND 8-A00 GLASS FABRIC Flexure Compresson Modulus of elastcty Fber stress at proportonal lmt Modulus; of rupture Modulus of elastcty Stress at proportonal lmt Maxmum stress Mllon P.s p.s p.s.. Mllon P.s.l.,000 p.s p.s.. TESTED AT ROOM TEMPERATURE Average of 5 : Standard devaton: MIL-R-9300A 3.04 : 37.9 : 74.8 : 3.6 : 29.6 : : 4. : 3.0 :.06 : 4.6 : : : 70.0 : : : 50.0 TESTED AT 500* F. AFTER 0.5 HOUR AT 500» F. Average of 5 : 2.0 : 0.6 : 8.8 : 2.29 : 7.7 t 2.2 Standard devaton:.03 :.6 :.8 :.2 :. :.6 MIL-R-9300A : 2.00 : : 22.0 : : : 0.0 TESTED AT 500 F. AFTER 92 HOURS AT 500 F. Average of 5 : 2.44 : 8.5 : 40.8 : 2,79 : 8.8 : 6.9 Standard devaton:.2 :.9 : 8.3 :.2 :. :.4 MIL-R-9300A :.80 : : 8.0 : : :

22 .\ TABUS 2. FLEXURAL PBOPERTIBS OF EPOff lamlnates MADE OF ERSB-Olll RESIN AND l8l-a0o CIASS FADHIC Temperature Duraton of exposure Modulus of elastcty Value Coeffcent of varaton Stress at proportonal lmt Value : Coeffl- ;clent of : varla- : tlon Modulus of rupture clent of:age of varla- : roomtlon :tempera- : ture : stress Weght loss () (2) (3) CO (5) : (6) (7) (8) : (9) (0) F. Hours Mllon Percent,000 ;Percent,000 Percent :Percent Percent p.s.l. p.s.l.; p.s.l. Room : ! 2.U : Uoo , Zh 2U0, US 3.'* 3.U0 2.9 * l.l » 27. * U U U 26.8 U9.U U5.U U k.h 6.9 h * U U kk U : 2.V7 7.7 : 2.7! 26.0 : :.5 : k.l : : 2.6 k.b 2U.2 : 7 : : : 8.5 k.k 20.7 : 96 : 2.5 * 2.U : IO.7.6 : 8.0 U :,000 «.: : M 3.9 * U ' U k Zk 2k0, Zh : h : : k k.b k : : 2.35 k.k k 9.7 : :.20 zz.k k.l : 2.U : 0.7 : : ',. : : 9.0 : 6.7 : 8.U 7-5 :.5 2.U 8.00, *.80 U », » l-k.qo 8. M» 3U.80 Resn content at 900* F. after 0.5 hour exposure. 2

23 TABLE 3, TENSILE PROPERTIES OF EPOXY LAMINATES MADE OP ERSB-0 RESIN AND 8-A00 GLASS FAIRIC. TESTS MADE PARALLEL TO WARP DIRECTION. Modulus of elastcty Temperature Duraton of exposure Value Coeffcent of varaton Stress at proportonal lmt Value Coeffcent of varaton Maxmum stress : Value Coeffcent of varaton Per- : at centagc:maxmum of room: stress temper-: ature : value : () (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) : (0) F. Hours Mllon p.s.. Pe..nt.000 Percent.000 Percent Percent: Inch P.s.. P.s.. : por :nch x : 00 Room J : 2.40 : ,30 : , : , , ,0 6, : , , : 96 2, , , , , : , , : , : , : , ,5 0.7 : , : : : , : : : , : , , : , :

24 TABLE 4. STRESS-RUPTURI! AND CRKEP DATA FROM TENSION TESTS OP KPOXY LAMINATES MADE OP EKSB-OIU RESIN AND 8-A00 CLASS FABRIC Appled atcoss : I Percentage t Rupture of room ; tme Itenpcrature «tress : 0. I hour I : hour : 0 hours Creep data ac-- : 00 : hours t,000 : hours Rupture,000 P.s.t. t Percent Hours l Inch per Inch x 00 Inch per : Inch per Inch x 00 I Inch x 00 I Inch per Inch x 00 Inch per : Inch x 00 Inch por Incn x 00 ROOM TEMPERATURE "67.5 : : , , : 96.4 t : l I !.037 t ;.077 :, , s : , : : 8.5 7,4.043 ) I , : ;.080 l 0.08 : ; , :.048!,080! :.06,065 : «P ! ' 57, ,5 56,0 55, :! : ; : ,05,03,048 : t t : t t : III.47 : t l !.08 t.020 I.069 0, ,2 : ,0 ;.00 55, : , ! : : , I :,06 :,063!.064 :.029 l.028 :.032 : 500' P..30 :.4 :.03 :.045 :.053 : :. ;.20 :,, Avemtje control strength at room temperature and at 300* P. and 500* P. sfter 2 hour st temperature. Atter,000-hour duraton, ultmate strength was 70,600 pounds per square Inch. 4

25 TABUE 5. TENSILE PROPERTIES OF EPOXY LAMINATES MADE OF ERSB-0 RESIN AND 8-Al 00 GLASS FABRIC. TESTS MADE AT 45 TO THE WARP DIRECTION Temperature Duraton of exposure Value Maxmum stre. 38 Coeffcent of varaton Percentage of room temperature value F. Hours.000 P.s.l. Percent Percent Room , : , : , : 2.7 : 7.7 : ! : :.9!.7 : 6.7 t 5.9 : 52.3 : 3. : 8.6 : :.5! 7 :.4 : 3.0 : 2.7 : 26.7 : 6.3 : :.5 :.3 : :.5 : 0.55 : 2.8 : 2.5 "The modulus of elastcty could the load-elongaton curve was begnnng to maxmum load. not be determned because concave downward from 5

26 y TABLE 6.--C0MPRKSSIVI! PROPERTIES OP EPOXY LAMINATES MADE OF ERSB-0 RESIN AND 8-A00 GLASS FABRIC Temperature : Durnton : of exposure : Modulus of : elastcty Value Coeffcent of : varaton : Stress at : proportonal lmt Value :Cooffl- clent of varaton : Maxmum stress : Stran : at :maxmum : stress Value :Coeffl- : Per- :clent of:centage : varla- :of room : ton :temper- : ature : value () (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (0) F. Hours Mllon Percent,000 p.s.. p.s.. Percent.000 p.s.. Percent :Percent Inch per Inch x 00 Room : 3.96 : 3.7 : 4.6 : 4.0 : 52.3 : 4.0 : 00,0 :, : 3.27 :.6 : : 2. : 54,5 :,9 :.5 : 3.4 : 3.0 : 4,5 : 4.7! : 60.2 :,0! 7 : 3.62 : 2.9 : 3.8 : 7.2 : 34.5 : :,07 : : 3.6 : 5. : 7.9 : ,0 : 67.9 :,06, ; 3.7 : 7. : : 6,0 : 66.2 :, , :, ,6 :, ,7 :, ,6,78, ,6 4,, , , , ,0 26,0,47, « ,4 4., ,6 4., , , ,9 8.2, , :.3 : 2. : 2,7 : 2.5 : 5.2 :, : 5. : : 4.5 : 3.5 : 8.6 :, : 0.8 : 3.0 : 4.8 : 5,7 :,35 :.5.85 : 8.4 : 2.2 :. : 4. : 0,5 : 7.8 :,29,000 :.05 :.88 : 5.4 :.7 : 6.3 : 3.0 : 0,7 : 5,7 :,33 6

27 TABLE 7. STRESS-RUPTURE AND CREEP DATA FKOH COMPRESSION TESTS OF EPOXY LAMINATES MADE OF ERSB-OIU RESIN AND BI-M00 CLASS FABRIC Appled tress : Percentage: ; of room : Iccnperatur«: : «trees :,000 : Percent : : I Rupture tne Hours 0. hour Inch per Inch x 00 hour Inch j»cr Inch x 00 Creep data at 0 hours Inch per Inch x 00 too hours Inch per Inch x 00,000 hours..... Inch per Inch x 00 Rupture Inch per Inch x 00 ROOM TEMPERATURE , , >,000. >, , * F, jl C »l, I..37 : : : , ,26,292, , ,5 6, A 06 o * F AverEe control strength ot room temperature and at 300* F. end 500* F. after 2 hour at temperature. After,000-hour duraton, ultmate strength «as 45,500 pounds per square Inch. 7

28 TABLE 8. INTERLAMINAR SHEAR STRENGTH OF EPOXY LAMINATES MADE OF ERSB-0H RESIN AND 8-AH00 GLASS FABRIC Temperature : Duraton : of : exposure Maxmum shear stress : Value : Coeffcent :Percentage : of : of room : varaton :temperature : value "F. : Hours.000 : Percent : Percent p.s : , : ,000 : :.5 : :.89 : :.95 : ,000 :.08 : 30.0 : :.5 :.5 : 4.3 : :.33 : :.6 :.9 : :.5 :.8 : 0.6 : :.29 : 32. : :.5 :.40 : 2.5 : :. : 20.0 : 3.9 8

29 TABUS 9. MAXIMUM BEARING STRESS OF EPOXY LAMINATES MADE OF ERSB-0 RESIN AND 8-A00 GLASS FABRIC Temperature Duraton : of exposure Maxmum bear Ing stress Value ; Coeffcent of varaton :Percentage of room temperature value 0 F. Hours.000 p.s.l. Room 54.5 Percent 5.6 Percent , , ,

30 Q> O Q> c fe" a M «M o a <o «u P Q o J*," St k 0* a j P H O -d «j o cj «< Uj J I 00?. "" -o l-~. C»- o c <; <o - m KJ M <U K. W)« K. - o en S ü Q. d y «- U 0.H o Uj -fe 9 «> f 5 «S K. «> g J s 3) j (ln30d3d) 3ynS0dX3 d3jv N0llN33d HDI3M 20

31 «v ~f T V U f, 0. n II uc s, T r f o k 0. T- \ rs. I \ \ 3 \ \ \ S" \ \ V \. \ \ L «o X \ 'u \ \ (f V v \ \ 5 I J < I J r \ \ \ rv fc I \ \ 4 V * 8 t I k. I* 0 m 2 n) a 0) 4) u 5! - <a S S CM v M to "2 * 5 o J3 oo t>0 c -o v c w c r-j (0 s«<a u w 3 BO O (HIONBUIS lvjnx3j 3ynvy3dH3 wood JO ln30d3d) H9N3dlS lvdnx3j 2

32 r' J p r r. 7 0 n \ S s \ f \ r I 4 \ c I \ \ \ A s- k: 4- - V I \ \ \ I L I n \ t \ _ : \ 3 -\ k 5 ' l5 3 5; S t I I I I k 2 u V g m v M f. H S o «oo 3 3 "O ß o < 2 c»«4 -< (0 TO fll X -. v _ 0) 3 ««00 o - If) G «O C5 "O O o c\ C\) 0 r'sü ooo'ooo') smnaon wunxsu QC 22

33 I 09 RS.I. a L.! \JT\ u c >Sf\ f XI Js? a v" :; *-A m e l s O. Y r r- \ 9 C t_. O 0 \ V \ 2>,, -~* L Ä W, t \ ±~~ ~~ - ~ ( \ y,(?. \ \ K j rc \ t, \ mr J 7* }C S - s tu S r u; to to to to to to (HIONBUIS IVUnXBU 3dnVJ3dty3 noon JO ln30d3d) H9N3dlS lvynx3j 23 u *?J Is <a K v t s s It -J < k W J. ö 4-> 00 (4 K to "O?: O rt C, J C s 00 «C k r4 OS Q <u " K. s:: 9 to» J, ft D C5 J > «0. w 5 to «o V (U to T3 K %$ (d to g Ü 0) C H -S fa P «> '. J * ST Ü a OD W

34 r 0 ' r-mo y s r y f- y 4 V v T) Nr r~ \ t "LT! _ I y * s* f _ JL TS* Y _s s yr r!s f vo V r J h cfs \ A r < y 7 I* rf f 'll \ f n I g s JL -T S J 7 j r f, V a. «H o «3* a *" C\ v r* A? * v =3 s «$ (X 3 «6*3 8.2 W a fo» o, a H 4) 8. fc K «2 f f - m S3 B H w «c <o *» J. k. f> s <a M < ß k w 'S 0) V f 3 ol aa ß 2 0) "" '. Ö m w «etf Sw 3 <M 00 0 Ö Ö (H9N3yS 3ISN3 3UIUVy3dN3 HIOOU 30 ln30y3d) H9N3yS 3ISN3 to 24 oa

35 . -.*, s s 4 7 II *-J y ->" - w s- - -yo-y- I I $ a 09 fl) H $\ w «, o w <o H <u»4 s a k 900'F. L a w. 4 ',000'F r T I I s ««s So *,~ a c T3 nl I «S S V 0)? = \\? H TT t ' ' - Q. o c vo W5 Ö M) O Q % 5 5 r's* ooo'ooo'n snmaoh 3IISN3J. 25 <3 a

36 "»n SP g o m -M ««w " os -S WÖ <M o- o U S f* - SÜ ü O *> rh!3 «C h JO fe P w s 0 H K «o kj C! b 3 "5 o 2 «S 2 S > a Uj 3 O f «o «o 2 " -. w CO - JS2 k. 'S? 5) H ß Q M. v r- tts «-H M -H 3 - MO (BDIVA 3dnvy3dn3 WOOU JO ln30d3d) SS3dlS a3nddv 26

37 60 09 It 0) 4) W > -H o o *> a n 5 a; v w» 0 n a> «) -u u nl W 2 ra <o 3 V 0 H 'S ra K a cd -d > E 8. u w CO C n. a> a) u S -S oj S nl m " M rt C 4-* t-( 0 to o S» o 4) ft) p-h «<! < S "0 3 ß oo H rt (rsd OOO'I) SSBUIS 3ISN3 27

38 >» yp f k r T f I J k* I C j k; o $ k ' f tol o I ö J "g r J j J tt I j ) t K r f" f T ft I f j J T r T f I ' l ' S (HIONBUIS 3ISN3 3JnVJ3dHI3 HOOU 30 ln3dy3d) H9N3dlS 3ISN3 8 «z 9» _ 5 g - * «t * 3 j «f 0 Ü4 Q: s K 4) as W n f! o v n H 5 5-: k s n Q, S 'S k. 5 H «2 o fc C - k- w <; Uj S 5- to v m ÖÖ s k Q n V V «Ö -«o S ' '-, fl V! C; J:S3.. «ft 00 o? 28

39 c t h=f k- t r v 0 Ö L t \ k- f ' O «rv g a A >> o PH u O = 0 Q> <o 5: j v_ 3. J u (4 Zt g t.? <u a, ft H a Uj d CL -a 5? S o 5 o fe 4> 3 < <0 ex.- -CNj 3?! \.a? T " I jt \ a - - \ \ 5 q v - * o Q 03 r H9N3yS 3AISS3ydlHOO 3jnVü3dn3 tvoou 30 IN30y3d) H9N3ÜS 3AISS3ddHI00 29 Q o f \~ cs cs<3 O JS 2 Ü; *S " (3 <o cn S a» *o Uj m w m - k. v C) u ao g. M o"?? «äs fe

40 ' FH o tf= %r- \ o _ T U u < F 4 " 5U- r _ f. -f- FF k -H n TS - H ll J. n F * 9 r 4 V Jl V I I s I.a u u 2 <«a <* u O Ho a 2 S I- * «I rt «2 n) 05 w - 3 n 3 «5 o «0 M " o 4) «) n) a " 4) ä S.S! I «J " S 3»* Tl >, C\j r's'e' ooo'ooo') snmaoh JAssj&dnoo 30

41 . J AA w TJ «t 2 w Q 3 5 a - g J ä > u I*J u S! 3t. O t «u K S 2 <o S R) k C: 9 o«r! O! «- - f!c OT -H «t t-. «"O «> H «o s-" u. < S o «" h e a-g o e: K: o»s 5 «t u 3 CJ. 2 M O o -<.. «S w s* MU O O O O 5 «to «o > (3mVA 3HnVH3dW3J. HIOOU JO ln3dy3d) SS3JS QJIlddV 3

42 <o LEGEND: A CREEP AT COI If 5 u < ö 0 TO??5r >af <j < \ -\ n < 4 \ \ I I I ft $ O <M *» o 09 V 2 S «I 5 J.2 JK Z a? w "»4 CL.O O «j m S M «) 3 «, > o S 2 ö * «nl <-' a '-, «M on <; W 4) U4 H O <-> oo > Ö <n one rt «.S ; o - ro " «I OQ L EM g o rs ÖÖO'; SS3US NOSS3dlVOO 32

43 f-? n 0.- A j js S r J o nl m f **,' u- 0 o - k- 0 j, U: l v f ö La 00 r «vr >. > 9- f?3 K v I 5 J m "I If t V a ' K Q o <* co o (H9N3dlS dv3hs UVNUHVIUBINI 3dnVJ3dlH3 INOOd JO IN30d3d) H9N3dlS dvlhs dvnihivld3ni I CO I w a> u u XI a nj u 0) a er; H V m > < I H on nj c on c 9) D to _ al V J3 o en a 55 nl a s 0.«> rt! " n ** -< C )

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45 «h\ h 5 G VA nj\ u 3 o o X o ' S en d «ß d m «OS OS EXURE NSION AT NSION AT MPRESSm TERLAMINA < o a o J A f 3 A. '. 3 \ 5! \ - S - t ) 05 > <«V o n so C <tf v C to cd o W V 2 M o u r4 h 4D nl u a Cn O MW O % B '"»- (H9N3dlS 3ynVy3dHI3 WOOd 30 ln30ä3d) H0N3&S C S

46 0 GEND A FLEXURE o TENSION AT TENSION AT kj 8 Is I* J K A \ c < t «J c t & $ v\ 4 <; ra t\ \ r S f > 5 > u 8? 3 O o DC o «nl o < P-4 <* u 00 <o -*-> n to C u 3 Bl () nl Bj U V r-t 5. H 6 (U o S*"' "- H CQ «o -o CO Uj «J o n) W?> > m _ K 0) 0 o f-h M 0) 3 0 m 00 r l ß n) S «o 0) C In 5? nl J u a a o M d) 2 «'S t a Sfe Ä " ä) W O. CO (HIONBUIS o If) 3ynVd3dn3 WOOÜ JO ln30d3d) H9N3dlS

47 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED