Lesson 7 CURRENT TRANSFORMER (Part 1) 1. Reading

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1 FEA // 4th year of study // 7th term Lesson 7 CURRENT TRANSFORMER (Part 1) 1. Text Current transformer (part 1). Reading comprehension and multiple-matching questions. 2. Grammar: ing forms (revision). 3. Practice in grammar: error correction, gap-fill and multiple choice exercises. 4. Business course: Advertising. Summarizing the text, Open Cloze Text, Listening. 5. Language focus: Explaining an operation. References 1..., ,..:, ( V ) // :..,..,....:, Oxford English for Electrical and Mechanical Engineering //E. H. Glendinning, N. Glendenning. Oxford University Press, p. 4. Murphy Raymond. Essential Grammar in Use: A self-reference and practice book for intermediate students of English. Cambridge University Press, p. 5. Grammar way 4 // V. Evans. Express Publishing, Reading Text CURRENT TRANSFORMERS 1. Match the terms with their definitions: 1. Transformation 2. Conjunction 3. Capacity 4. Meter 5. To comprise 6. Winding 7. Terminal 8. To withstand 9. Convenient 10. Appropriate 11. Core 12. Integral a) the basic unit of length adopted under the System International d'unites, any of various measuring instruments for measuring a quantity b) the temporal property of two things happening at the same time; the state of being joined c) suitable for a particular person or place or condition etc; meant or adapted for an occasion or use e) existing as an essential constituent or characteristic; f) a turn or turning; a bend; a curve; flexure; The material, as wire or rope, wound or coiled about anything, or a single round or turn of the material g) suited to your comfort or purpose or needs; easy to reach h) a qualitative change, shift i) the center of an object; a bar of magnetic material (as soft iron) that passes through a coil and serves to increase the inductance of the coil j) ability to perform or produce; the amount that can be contained; the maximum production possible k) station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods; a contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves d) resist or confront with resistance l) include or contain; have as a component

2 2. Read and translate the first part of the text. I Why Current Transformers are Used A current transformer is an instrument transformer for the transformation of current from one value to another, usually a lower one, or for the transformation of current at a high voltage into a proportionate current at a low voltage with respect to earth potential. Current transformers are used in conjunction with alternating-current meters or instruments where the current to be measured is of such magnitude that the meter or instrument current coil cannot conveniently be made of sufficient carrying capacity. They are also used wherever high-voltage current has to be metered, because of the difficulty of providing adequate insulation in the meter itself. In this connection supply voltages exceeding 660 volts are considered to be high voltage. In meter practice current transformers are used wherever the current to be metered exceeds 100 amperes, and in some instances a lower value than this is regarded as the desirable maximum for direct measurement. 2. Grammar. Gerund Forms Active Voice Passive Voice Present V -ing (asking) being V 3 /V ed Perfect having V 3 /V ed (having asked) (being asked) having been V 3 /V ed (having been asked)

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5 3. Practice in Grammar. GERUND vs. INFINITIVE 1. Put the verb in brackets into gerund or infinitive Example: I used (ride) a lot but not any more. (key = to ride) 1 She apologized for (borrow) the book without your permission. 2 He expects you (go) with him. 3 The police accused him of (steal) the money from the house. 4 It's much better (stay) at home than to go out in the rain. 5 You don't need (ask) him every time you want to go out. 6 We got tired of (wait) for better weather. 7 He decided (put) his coat on the hanger. 8 I'm very sorry for (be) late. 9 She didn't like (leave) the children alone but she had no choice. 10 Do you remember (post) the letter? Are you sure you've posted it? 11 Why do you keep (look) at me? 12 I didn't feel like (work) so I phoned my boss. 13 It isn't good for you (eat) so many sweets. 14 Most people prefer (spend) their money to saving it. 15 Would you like (come) with me to the gym? 2. Put the verb in brackets into gerund or infinitive

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7 4. Business English. Advertising 1. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON MODERN LIFE Advertising is a message designed 1 promote a product, a service, or an idea. In many countries, people come into daily contact with many kinds of advertising. Printed advertisements make up a large part 2 newspapers and magazines. Poster advertisements appear in many buses, and in shops and 3 public buildings. Commercials are advertisements which interrupt TV and radio programs. Advertisements 4 often called adverts or ads. Economic Effects The 5 of most advertising is to sell products or services. It is the cheapest and fastest way to inform large numbers of people about products or services for sale and to persuade them 6 buy. In many businesses, the volume of sales depends largely 7 the amount of advertising done. Some economists believe that a large amount 8 the money spent on advertising is wasted. They argue that much advertising simply leads consumers to switch 9 one brand of a product to another brand. Brandswitching may increase the profits of a particular firm but has 10 positive effect on the overall economy. Social and Political Effects Advertising is also used by individuals, political parties, social organizations, and governments. 11 the mass media depend on advertising, many people question whether advertisers control the media. Critics of commercial television maintain that dependence on advertising lowers the quality of TV programming. In order to sell advertising time at 12 prices, TV stations try to attract the largest possible audience. Critics argue that the stations therefore broadcast too many entertainment programs. Many critics also charge that advertising persuades people to buy products

8 they do not need 13 the use of psychological techniques. Advertisers argue that adults freely choose 14 to buy or what not to buy. Most experts agree, 15, that advertising is particularly persuasive to young children, who do not have the experience to judge advertising critically. Advertising is common in all countries, including Ukraine, and has enormous influence 16 people's lives. In many countries, however, the use of advertising is restricted. In most countries of Western Europe, for example, the governments limit the amount of advertising on television and the types of product which 17 be advertised. 2. Listening. Melissa talks about what ads influence her. Listen to the interview and complete the sentences. 1) She is trying to reduce a) how much she buys b) how often she shops c) how much she is influenced 2) She sees shopping as similar to a. a) an impulse b) a prize for herself c) a TV commercial 3) She is persuaded by food commercials. a) easily b) hardly c) never 4) She gives examples about food. a) three abstract b) a few concrete c) random 5) She wanted a frosty because of she saw. a) a commercial b) a color c) a cup Read the typescript and check your answers. Todd: So, Melissa, this week we're talking about buying things. Now, in terms of shopping, are you one those people that are like a shop-o-holic? You buy things you don't need? Melissa: Yes, but recently I've been trying to veer away from that habit. Todd: So, what influences you most to buy something? Is it like commercials or is just impulse? Melissa: I think it's kind of just having the money and feeling like I deserve it. Todd: So, it's a reward? Melissa: Yeah, it's always a reward for something.

9 Todd: Well, how about... how persuaded are you to buy something by commercials or advertising or things like that? Melissa: Definitely food commercials persuade me to buy it. Like I'll see a food commercial or even a picture of delicious looking food and I'll want to have it, so I have two or three concrete examples over just the past month where I saw an ad for food and I went and bought it. Todd: Oh, really. Like what did you buy? Melissa: One was hot Hotto-Motto. It was like a kind of fast food chain and they were selling a fried chicken on rice that looked really good, and the other was a McDonald's cinnamon roll. Todd: And you saw it and you're like, I gotta have it. Melissa: Yeah, and like one weird thing happened. I just saw a red and yellow sign and it reminded me of Wendy's and then I was craving a chocolate milkshake...frosty... so I went somewhere else and bought it. Todd: And you got it? Melissa: Yeah. 3. Summarize the text Advertising as a Career in the USA from the book.

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