COASTAL LIVELIHOOD ISSUES IN VIET NAM. Dr. Nguyen Chu Hoi VASI, Viet Nam

Transcription

1 COASTAL LIVELIHOOD ISSUES IN VIET NAM Dr. Nguyen Chu Hoi VASI, Viet Nam

2 Vietnam is a coastal country A long coastline: over 3260 km, excepting island coastline Coastal areas are rich in natural resources, especially biodiversity and provides multiple development potentials The livelihoods of about 10 million Vietnamese people depend on coastal resources The coastal area has seen the country s fastest economic development with coastal activities contributing to more than 30% of the country s annual GDP

3 A coastal country (2) Vietnam s coast is one of the most densely populated regions in Southeast Asia (27/86 millions peoples; consequently, the area has been heavily exploited. Administratively, Vietnam has 28 coastal provinces and over 125 coastal districts and 12 island districts under which coastal communes. Among them there are 157 coastal communes are still poor The increasing trend of coastal development poses great threats to the environment and local community s livelihood

4 Facing many obstacles The country is facing many obstacles to sustainable development such as overfishing, biodiversity loss, destroyed and degraded habitats and ecosystems, pollution, natural hazards, frequent oil spills, and severe climate change impacts. Consequently, the increasing trend of poverty at community level and associated with poor livelihood of local peoples Therefore, Vietnam considers the hunger elimination and poverty reduction, as well as livelihood improvement of local communities are strategic priority activity

5 What have been done? At central level: the National Strategy and Action Program on Comprehensive Hunger Elimination and Poverty Reduction approved by the Gov. National target program to respond to climate change and coastal area is a key focus Every 5 years and yearly plans are to be developed and implemented in all localities, among 28 coastal provinces under support of international donors Vietnam s hunger and poverty rate have been reduced and relatively sustained. Coastal community livelihood has been improved

6 How has been done? Incorporating the poverty reduction and livelihood improvement objectives into the development and investment plans at all levels In the framework of national strategy and action program, a number of line projects to conduct the models of coastal community livelihood improvement has been implemented at local level under international supports and domestic NGOs.

7 Scaling up the successful cases to other coastal locality Strengthening the awareness of local peoples on coastal resources and environmental role for them Sustainably population growth rate management and push coastal environmental protection Development of coastal and marine protected areas liking to resource conservation and livelihood of local peoples who are living inside and around the MPA sites Creating the alternative job or income from coastal ecosystem restoration

8 * Tax, fee, foundation, loan, to support the national and local efforts in coastal livelihood improvement * Technical assistance for local coastal communities Home stay, diving tourism, Other tools/activities em l¹i C i thiön lî i Ých êi sèng Tû lö% ý kiõn nh gi 54.9 Gi i quyõt viöc lµm 25.4 Xãa ãi gi m nghì o 50.8 N ng cao vai trß phô n

9 Some activities to improve local coastal livelihood

10 Patrolling, mooring buoy, aquaculture,

11 What lessons learnt? Political commitment of Gov. at all levels National policy, local implementation, for them and by them Participation of international/domestic donors, NGOs as technical assistance Development of models of sustainable and adaptive livelihood and then scaling up the good practices Strengthening awareness and capacity of local peoples and sociopublic organization s participation Encouraging local native knowledge Increasing alternative job and income based on local experiences and special potentials Sustainable financing, especially from Gov.

12 C m n - Thank you!