Presentation on IWRM best practices in Pilot 4 Ps Basin towards Integrated River Basin Management. Cambodia National Mekong Committee

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1 Presentation on IWRM best practices in Pilot 4 Ps Basin towards Integrated River Basin Management contributed to International Conference on WATERSHED MANAGEMENT: "From Local Watershed Management to Integrated River Basin Management at National and Transboundary Levels" 9 11 March 2011 Chiang Mai, Thailand Convened by the Mekong River Commission by Watt Botkosal Deputy Secretary General Pilot 4 Ps Basin National Coordinator Cambodia National Mekong Committee

2 Royal Government of Cambodia supports implementation of the IWRM in Cambodia over , with financial support of GWP and ADB. Located in two provinces (Kratie and Mondulkri) in the Northeastern part of Cambodia. Four tributaries (preks) and their separate watersheds on the left (or eastern) bank of the Mekong. Covers 12,500 km 2 with population around 143,000 persons.

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7 Most critical issues for IWRM The least developed area and affected by floods and drought, Most people are subsistence farmers. Poverty rate high among the ethnic minority groups. Newcomers are unfamiliar with sustainable agricultural practices under local conditions and add to the risk of environmental degradation No comprehensive planning for sustainable development. Recent forest concessions, economic land concessions and mining concessions pose a new threats to sustainable development especially to ethnic minority groups. Limited capacity of human and institutions to effective implement enforcement.

8 The Royal Government of Cambodia adopted IWRM as a means to sustainable development, a systematic process for the sustainable development, allocation, and monitoring of water resources, with full participation of local communities and direct stakeholders. IWRM best practices

9 IWRM best practices (cont.) IWRM- a coordinated and participatory process based on an ongoing learning by doing process. Created new possible aspect of change for better management and development of water and related resources Concepts for change: a step by step approach that creates a sense to ownerships, transparency and shared accountability among all stakeholders for developing and improving the existing system for more integration of all sectors and different stakeholders National policies, strategies and legislationssupporting to IWRM implementation: National Water Resources Policy (2004) Law on Water Resources Management (2007) RGC Rectangular Strategy ( )

10 River Basin Management aspects: At the 4 Ps Basin: Political will. At the provincial governmental level, clear and tangible. Knowledge. Local knowledge should be encouraged and applied within the process of IWRM along with new knowledge. Community involvement. The community is the basic factor for all management processes of natural resources in 4 Ps Basin. IWRM-based development roadmap- is a 'living document, that will be adjusted according to further guidance from stakeholders and development partners.

11 Effective partnership: Stakeholders shared views by setting up a common vision and long term development; Stakeholders encouraged and agreed to apply IWRM as a useful tool for their adoptive management; Commitments of all including participation and provision of inputs and decision making based participatory approach; Agreed Modality for building a strong participatory approach.

12 4-Ps BCCDM structure for implementation of IWRM Co Honor Chair Governors of Kratie province and Mondulkiri province Co Chair National Coordination Team Vice Co Chair Provincial departments Coordination Secretariat Other stakeholders 4 Ps BFWP Kratie Mondulkiri NGOs Civil society Communities District/Commune District/commune

13 Integrated River Basin Management: IWRM based Basin Development Roadmap The Vision: 'a healthy river basin with integrated sustainable development plans implemented jointly by the people and the government primarily for the benefit of the 4 Ps people'. Basin development goals: Goal 1: Improved water security; Goal 2: Economic development, livelihoods and social welfare, Goal 3: A healthy river basin.

14 Promotion of water resources Governance Sustainable water resource governance in the basin can form the basis for access to water for safe and sustainable use for domestic consumption, agricultural production, environmental protection and electricity generation. It requires: A river basin management organization capable of assuring good governance of water and related resources. A network of shared knowledge on the 4 Ps' natural and human resources, their use and management for the benefit of the people and the country A capacity of local communities to cope with natural calamities.

15 Implementation of IWRM to support RBOM The 4 Ps Basin Committee can be envisaged in the National Water Policy and National Law on Water Resources Management as a supplementary management level. National experience is not yet available. To support establishment of the River Basin Organization: Networking between institutional actors in the basin (two provinces and national center), Formulation of priorities, and regular updating of these priorities, in response to new challenges, new opportunities, and new knowledge. Promotion of related development activities, and institutional support to such activities, Serving as a focal point for donor and NGO supported development activities in the basin, as well as related liaison with the private sector. Serving as a focal point for exchange of knowledge and lessons learnt at the national level and with other RBOs.

16 Conclusions Keys home messages to success: 1) Involvement of key institutional stakeholders; 2) An active dialogue between stakeholders with confidence and willingness to collaborate; 3) A holistic (IWRM based, multi sector) perspective. It is important to seek a mutual adaptation between the (integrated) basin level development and the (sector wise) national and province level public investment planning. 4) The concept of river basin management identify the potentials and constraints, and propose measures and interventions.

17 Key challenges Establishment of a national IWRM based governance framework Effective and sustainable coordination Strong commitment for IWRM promotion and implementation Proper mechanisms with full participatory approach Continued upgrading of existing management instruments Mobilizing financial resources for IWRM investment

18 Recommendations Operational arrangement for BCCDM ensuring the sustainable implementation of river basin management approach. The River Basin Management approach to establish a concrete and fundamental system at the local river basin. System should enhance effective enforcement of Law on Water Resources Management with aspects of promotion of water governance at local river basin system. The effective IWRM implementation at the local river basin in this context should help to correct or improve the implementation of national policies. Extension of the regional cooperation framework, the Mekong River Commission, an international river basin organization, will support national river basin management and planning process by providing technical assistance, including capacity building and knowledge base and technical tools such as hydrological models.

19 Thank you for your kind attention!!