DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Transcription

1 DETAILED PROJECT REPORT Fagu-Bani Micro-Watershed of Theog Block, District Shimla (H.P.) Under IWMP Submitted to, The Chief Executive Officer State Level Nodal Agency Department of Rural Development, H.P Prepared by, Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute Bye Pass Road, Shanan, Sanjauli, Shimla 6

2 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS WATERSHED AT A GLANCE... 7 Executive Summary... 8 INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROJECT BACKGROUND OF THE AREA Geographical Characteristics Climate Soil Population Classification Land use Pattern The Watershed Area Land Holdings Livestock Population METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION SECONDARY DATA Land Sliding at Bani USAGE OF DATA PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA PREPARATORY PHASE ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES PREPARATION OF DPRS INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Budget for Preparatory Phase SWOT Analysis SYNOPSIS: 1191 Ha. Fagu-Bani (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Bani Panchayat WATERSHED WORK PHASE I. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT... 23

3 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 1. AGRICULTURE Existing Crop Production Existing farm practices Cropping pattern HORTICULTURE Existing Crop Production Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Costing Justification BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing arrangements PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS II. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Livestock population Fodder Requirement Status of green fodder available in a year Average milk production per mulch cattle Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Justification... 34

4 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3. NURSERY RAISING Justification EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification Existing status of Animal Management Proposed Activities with justification MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Proposed Activities Skill Development No. of families to be benefitted COSTING EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS III. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Expected Outcomes Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status IV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Existing Status PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities No. of Households to be benefitted: COSTING PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS V. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES... 44

5 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3. COSTING PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS VI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Beneficiaries Justification EXPECTED OUTCOMES BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION Present landless households and their livelihoods Existing status of livelihood Scope for additional income PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Beneficiaries and Costing EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE VII. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT VIII. BUDGETING COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Proposed Final Budget ACTION PLAN IX. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE X. ANNEXURE Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Design and Estimate of Watershed Works PRA Diagrams Watershed Maps...

6 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP ABBREVIATIONS IWMP - Integrated Watershed Management Programme I&PH - Irrigation and Public Health WDF - Watershed Development Fund NPK - Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium GP - Gram Panchayat AF - Afforestation GT - Grass land with Trees GS - Grass Seed CCT - Continues Contour Trench SCT - Staggered Contour Trench AH - Agro Horticulture CP - Compost Pit DH - Dray land Horticulture S.CPCT - Strengthening of Continues Peripheral Contour Trench CPL - Community Pasture Land MPT - Mini Percolation Tank PT - Percolation Tank NPM - Non Pesticide Management MN - Micro Nutrients EPA - Entry Point Activity UG - User Group D1 - Very Shallow (0.15) D2 - Shallow (0.30) D3 - Moderately deep (0.45) D4 - Deep (more than 5) E1 - Sheet erosion E2 - Rill erosion E3 - Small Gullied Erosion E4 - Deep Gullied Erosion S1 - Slope (15% -20%) S2 - Slope (20% -25%) S3 - Slope (30% -35%)

7 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP WATERSHED AT A GLANCE General Information 1 Name of the watershed Fagu-Bani 2. Name of the Block Theog 3. Name of the District Shimla 4. Geographical Area of the Watershed 1191ha 5. Micro Watershed consist of Watershed and Watershed Codes 2c6c6B1b 6. Major Water Source Bowri, Tank, ponds, Drainage line 7. River flowing nearby the watershed area Giri River 8. Livelihood Options Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry Demography 6. Population 1248 Persons 7. Number of Males Number of Females 601 Agriculture 9. Major Crops and Vegetables Wheat, Jo, Barley, Cabbage, Potato, Tomato, Beans, Peas. 10. Marketing Local, Dhali. And Theog Horticulture 11. Major Crops Apple, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, cherry, walnut, Almond. 12. Marketing Local Mandi(Fagu), Theog Animal Husbandry 13 Families involved in Animal Husbandry Livestock Cow, OX, Goat, Horse. 15 Daily Milk Production 1.89 ltr. Per family Land Characteristics 16 Slope S3 25% - 30% 17 Erosion E3 Gully Erosion Soil Characteristics 18 Soil Depth D PH N P K

8 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Executive Summary: Bani Micro-Watershed of Fagu-Bani Panchayat The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attach locally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Bani located in Theog Block of Shimla district. In the north direction there is very steep slope hills, in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located. The project area is located between Longitude 31 05' 08.50" N and Lattitude 77 18' 02.91" E.As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Bani watershed project has a total 280 households with a population of 1248 souls, out of which 647 are male and 601 are female. 71 BPL families reside in the watershed area. The average size of the family is 4.45 persons per household. As per the survey conducted by the organization for Fagu- Bani water shed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). At Fagu- Bani watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. At Fagu- Bani watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Chulli, Cherry, Aaru and Nuts etc. Majority of the families in the Fagu- Bani Watershed area are engaged in Horticulture activities. At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Nalla (canal) called Bani Nalla flowing from the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and non-consumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 120, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat.In general

9 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside. Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked. As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition, packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Bamboo Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Bee keeping; Vermi Compost can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area. This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own. It will increase the income levels of the people. There are 71 BPL families in the watershed area. All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. This project will cover the total area identified in the watershed area. The livelihood options and income of all the BPL households will be enhanced once the project is properly implemented. The area under agriculture and horticulture and its productivity will be increased as a result of the increase in irrigation facilities and other activities aimed at expansion of the same. The lack of fodder availability will be addressed by the pasture development and nursery rising. Moreover the households practicing livestock activities will be benefited through the distribution of fodder seeds and fodder plants. The micro enterprises sector will be revived as a result of the implementation of the project. The number of working days will also be increased.

10 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP INTRODUCTION 1. ABOUT THE PROJECT The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)is to attachlocally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. These objectives can be realized by conserving, protecting and restoring the ecological balance by developing natural resources and by preventing soil erosion, degradation of top soil cover, regeneration of natural vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the ground water table. The programme also gives specific importance to the productivity enhancement of agriculture/horticulture/animal husbandry activities and innovative sustainable livelihood development of the community. The activities for resource development and usage will be planned to promote farming and allied activities to promote local livelihoods while ensuring resource conservation and regeneration. 2. BACKGROUND OF THE AREA The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Bani located in Theog Block of Shimla district. In the north direction there is very steep slope hills,in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located.the project area is located between Longitude 31 05' 08.50" N and Lattitude 77 18' 02.91" E.The watershed area lies in Five villages which are very near to the Fagu valley. The elevation of the watershed area is nearly 2710 m above the sea level Geographical Characteristics The entire watershed is extremely hilly with complex topography with an elevation upto 2710 m. The general slope is from North West to South East. The major physiographic units delineated are steep to very steep hill slopes, moderately steep to very steep hill slopes, hill

11 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP terraces, hill slopes with pasture and hill slopes with forest cover. The relief is excessive and the watershed is drained by perennial streams. All local streams are merging in Giri River. Satellite view of Bani Watershed 2.2. Climate The climate of the project watershed area is characterized by cool and dry climate. Meteorologically, the year can be divided into three distinct seasons. Winter seasonsets in from the month of October and continues upto April, followed by summerseason from May to June and Rainy Season from July to September. Temperature rises after April and the

12 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP month of June is the hottest month of the year with mean daily maximum temperature going up to 23.0 o C. And by the end of October, there is a sharp decrease in temperature in the watershed area. The months of December, January and February are the coolest months of the year, with mean daily minimum temperature as low as -2 o C. The total annual rainfall is about 1456 mm per annum. The maximum precipitation is received in the months from January to March. About 55% of the precipitation is received during winter season. The average `humidity observed in the project area is about 50% apart from the monsoon months. Humidity is generally low from 35 to 54.2%. In monsoon months, humidity is more than 80% Soil The skeletal and calcareous soils occur on gently sloping to almost level valleys. The ph of soil at various sites lies within neutral range. The levels of NPK indicate moderate to high soil productivity. The sodium levels do not indicate any potential for soil salinization or adverse impacts on soil productivity Population Classification As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Changmang Wallingwatershed project has a total 280 households with a population of 1248souls, out of which 647 are male and 601 are female.71 BPL familiesresidein the watershed area. The average size of the family is 4.45 persons per household.the majority of the population belongs to General Caste. Sex No. of Persons Male 647 Female 601 Total 1248

13 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Caste No. of Families SC 35 General 245 Total Land use Pattern The net geographical area of Bani Panchayat is about 936 ha out of which 08 ha is forest area. About 410 ha of land are under agriculture which is irrigated and rain-fed; mainly a Kharif crop is taken. Land under Agri/Horticulture usage Forest land Permanent Pasture Land Cultivable Land Waste Land Uncultivable & Land 410 ha ha 218 ha 100 ha (As per land data records) At the watershed area 54 ha land is having some type of sources for irrigation, and 410 ha land under Agri/Horticulture usage. At the same time 318 hectares are belongs to Fallow Land. Land under Agri + Horticulture usage in the watershed area Land with Irrigation sources Land without Irrigation sources 410 ha 54 ha 410 ha (As per survey)

14 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 2.6. The Watershed Area The Bani watershed consists of only five revenue villages namely Bani having total area of hectares. This watershed envisages covering an area of 1191 hectares falling in this village Land Holdings As per the survey conducted by the organization for Bani Nalla water shed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). There are 97 small famer households and 129 marginal farmer households in the area. There are 48 farm households with land holdings in between Bigha land.there are 06 big Farmers in the watershed area. As per the information provided during the survey, there is no landless household in the area. Land less Small Farmer <5 Bigha Marginal Farmer 5-25 Bigha Medium Farmer Bigha Big Farmer >75 Bigha Livestock Population Apart from the agriculture / horticulture practices animal husbandry activities are also a major source of livelihoods in the area. The livestock in the village consists of 234 cows,41 Ox, 27 Buffalos, 62 Sheep, 2Lamb,and 15 Horses.There are 120 families those are engaged in Animal Husbandry activities in the water shed area. Cows Buffaloes Ox Lamb Goat Horse TOTAL

15 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP METHODOLOGY The following methodology was adopted for the preparation of DPR of Watershed Bani. 1. DATA COLLECTION Primary Data a. Baseline Survey Door to Door baseline survey was carried out using structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the following areas. Demographic Information Socio Economic Information Agriculture / Horticulture Activities and its marketing Animal Husbandry activities and its marketing Fodder production and Availability Land use Water Availability Common Property Resources and Its usage The survey was carried out during b. Participatory Rural Appraisal Participatory Rural Appraisal was conducted on at the watershed level in order to assess the needs of the community. The following tools were used: i. Mapping Social Mapping Resource Mapping Seasonality Calendar Service Inflow Outflow Proposed Works Mapping

16 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP ii. Transect Walk In order to identify the areas to be treated, proposed work sites and assess the feasibility, the experts carried out a reconnaissance survey through transect walk. The sites were marked and the different treatment measures required for the treatment of the area were also recommended. iii. Focus Group Discussions Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted in order to obtain community approved conclusions on various identified needs. It was helpful in complementing the assessments emerged from PRA and to derive the opinion of the community on various issues. 2. SECONDARY DATA Secondary data was collected from the Panchayat Records, Revenue Records and various line departments functioning in the watershed project area. Land Sliding at Bani

17 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3. USAGE OF DATA The data, primary as well as secondary, which was obtained from the various authentic sources, was used in formulation of the local needs of the populace and also to plan the interventions required for the optimum utilization of the available resources in the watershed area. The due emphasis was given to plan the activities to fill in the existing gaps and to address the weak indicators. 4. PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA Data was analysed and based on the identified needs and problems in the watershed area a draft action plan was prepared and placed before the concerned Gram Sabha for approval. After detailed deliberations and incorporation of relevant suggestions into the plan, the action plan wasgot approved from the concerned Gram Sabha. PREPARATORY PHASE The Preparatory Phase of the Project will be the first year of the project. The major objective of this phase is to build appropriate mechanisms for adoption of participatory approach and empowerment of local institutions (WC, SHG, and UG). WDT will assume a facilitating role during this phase. In thisphase, the main activities will include: 5. ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES The Gram Sabha has decided and passed resolution to construct a hall in the watershed area. 6. PREPARATION OF DPRS Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) Shimla has been assigned to prepare the Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the implementation the water shed project under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IMWP) 7. INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING It is proposed to carry out the following institutional based training and capacity building programmes in the first two years of the project period in order to equip various stakeholders to successfully participate and implement the project:

18 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Second Year: 8. COSTING First Year: 1. Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 2. Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees 1. Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Diary Development, Vermi Compost, Bee Keeping etc. 2. Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) 3. Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency 8.1. Budget for Administrative Activities Sl. No Particulars Details Amount 1 Administrative Cost Rs @ Years 2 Monitoring Rs years (2 nd 3 rd and 4 th year) 3 Evaluation 3rd Year &4 th Year 54550& 5 th Year Total Rupees twenty one Lakh forty three thousands eight hundred only

19 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 8.2. Budget for Preparatory Phase Sl. No Particulars Amount First Year A Preparation of DPR B Entry Point Activities C Institutional and Capacity Building 1 Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 185, Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees 185, Second Year 3 Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Fisheries, Diary Development, Wool Processing, Sheep Rearing, Bee Keeping, Small Restaurant 180, Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) 5 Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency 193, , Total Rupees eight lakh ninety three thousands two hundred fifty only

20 SWOT Analysis of Bani Micro-Watershed of Bani Panchayat Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Higher rate of Peas, Potato production Good Apple production Favourable environment to raise goats and sheep 120 households engaged in Animal Husbandry activities. Regular water availability through the main drainage No land less households. People are doing some Micro- Enterprises in an unorganized way Lack of irrigation, marketing, storage facilities Lack of good quality fodder availability Lack of advanced cattle breed Low level of milk production Lack of knowledge base regarding scientific cattle management Prevalence of Soil erosion No heavy water storage body present. No such organized micro-enterprise activities existing in the area Lack of and technical and management skills If provided with proper irrigation considerable increase in agriculture production can be assured Promotion of Organic Farming Interest of the villagers to expand horticulture activities Providing training on dairy farming Promotion of nursery raising and pasture development Rapid Climate Chang Lack of awareness of Dairy farming as a commercial activity

21 SYNOPSIS: 1191 Ha. Bani (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Bani Panchayat Activity Area Covered No. of House Hold (H.H) Watershed Works: Crate Wire Irrigation Tank Water pond Diversion drain Irrigation channel Retaining wall 250 ha 450 ha 300 ha 50 ha 340 ha --- Whole Village 260 H.H 160 H.H 127 H.H 75 H.H 50 H.H Amount(Rs.) Micro Enterprises (Non BPL): Dairy development Vermicompost Small Restaurant Bee Keeping Bamboo nursery 55 H.H 05 H.H 09 H.H 05 H.H 22 H.H Livelihood (BPL): Dairy Farming Horti Collection Centre 30 H.H 16 H.H Agriculture/Horticulture/Animal Husbandry : Horticulture Expansion Fodder seed distribution Fodder plant distribution Pasture Development 109 H.H 109 H.H 109 H.H

22 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP WATERSHED WORK PHASE Watershed Works Phase is considered as the heart of the programme in which all the activities as per DPR will be implemented. The Work Phase is further divided as per sectors as follows: 1. Agriculture /Horticulture Development 2. Animal Husbandry 3. Development of Common Property resources 4. Natural Resource Management 5. Farm Based Micro Enterprises 6. Production Systems and Micro Enterprise Development 7. Livelihood Enhancement for BPL Families

23 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP I. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT 1. AGRICULTURE At Fagu-Bani watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Most of the agriculture is rain fed in nature whereas at some places the people have developed irrigation facilities by way of construction of irrigation channels etc Existing Crop Production Wheat Jo Barley Pulses Vegetable Total Vegetables Production at Bani

24 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 1.2. Existing farm practices The major crops cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Pulses, Barley and Vegetables etc. At present the crops are produced on the terraced farms as most of the land available is sloppy in nature whereas some patches of land have moderate slope. The farmers rely on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Desi ploughs are used for farm tilling and the weeding operations are done by hand. The area has wider scope for the use of modern techniques and improved tilling practices. It is proposed to introduce improved mould bold ploughs and even power tillers can be introduced in the beginning on pilot basis Cropping pattern Single cropping pattern is being used at present in the watershed area. But now they are looking for Mixed Cropping Pattern. The Peas, Cauliflower and Cabbage are also taken in the apple orchards. Wheat, Jo, and Barley is also cultivated in the area. 2. HORTICULTURE At Bani Nalla watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood sourcefor the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Chulli, Cherry, Around Nuts etc. Majority of the families in the Fagu-Bani Watershed area are engaged in Horticulture activities Existing Crop Production Crops Total Apples Pears Grapes Plum Chulli Cherry Aaru Nuts As clear by the table above, horticulture is dominated by apples (98.71%). There is major role of honey bees in this production. The farmers practice bee keeping for pollination of the apple flowers.

25 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP The other horticulture produces in the area includes Pear, Plum, Chullietc Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. Pear as well as Almond at present market conditions are fetching price which is as good as that of apple or even more. So it is proposed to bring more area under the horticulture produce which will also result in diversification. It is also proposed to distribute new good quality apple root stock to maintain the supply chain of the Apples Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. Crop diversification is also essential for economic sustainability. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. The activities to be undertaken are as follows: 1. Scientific Distribution of Pear, Almond, Nuts and Apple plants to Farmers

26 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 2. Horticulture Nursery Raising (included under Livelihood enhancement for BPL Families) 3. SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Nalla (canal) calledbani Nallaflowingfrom the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and nonconsumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. By way of this irrigation tank it is estimated that a good amount of land will be brought under irrigation facilities thereby increasing the cultivable area resulting in enhanced crop production as well as economic condition of the farmers. 4. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES The following are various activities proposed for the augmentation of Agriculture and Horticulture in the watershed area Activities 1. Horticulture Expansion: The plants of money fetching horticulture plant like almond, peer and apple will be supplied to all households in the villages to improve the economic condition of the farmers Costing Activity - Horticulture Expansion Funds with Line Departments 30,000 Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 29,540 Funds from IWMP 76,300 Total amount 1,35,840

27 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 4.3. Justification It has been reported by the community people during the PRA exercises that existing irrigation facilities are not good enough throughout the year. Therefore in order to provide uninterrupted irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water ponds proposed under the Agriculture & Horticulture Development in the project. The activities aimed at irrigation will enhance the productivity and will cover irrigate more area which will pave way to bringing more area under agriculture production. The villagers expressed much enthusiasm towards expanding their horticulture activities. The watershed area holds good potential for horticulture activities. Hence it is important to promote and expand horticulture activities in the watershed area. 5. BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT At present traditional farm technologies are being used by the farmers. The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is also common practices. Most of the farm operations are done manually and use of mechanical systems is very limited. There is a scope for the introduction of better technologies for the enhancement of farm production. The inputs like Vermi-Compost, Bio-Fertilizers etc. have definite potential for the enhancement of crop production as well improvement in the health of the soil. Introduction of improved ploughs, seed cum fertilizer drills, and seed drills will definitely add to crop production as well as reducing labour drudgery. 6. AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES It is expected that due to increased irrigation facilities more area is brought under production of pulses thereby can be sold outside at larger quantities enhancing the income level of the farmers. Similarly due to increased irrigation facilities other crops will also be available with the farmers for selling.

28 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 7. EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE It is expected that due to increase in horticulture plantation area, the production will go up fetching more money in the hands of the farmers which will add to the other allied economic activities. With the introduction of new root stock of apple the farmers will be less susceptible to losses due to the crop failure due to disease. It is also proposed to diversify horticulture activity by way of bringing more area under pear and almond and Nuts production. The expansion of Horticulture in the area will directly increase the income levels of all the households engaged in horticulture activities. There will be a significant increase in the area covered under horticulture. The horticulture expansion will be made sure by the increase in the irrigation facilities in the watershed area. Pears Production at Bani 8. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Horticulture and Agriculture both are the major economic activity in the watershed area. Horticulture produces like Apple, Grapes, Pear, and Dry Fruits etc. are being produced in large scale. And agriculture produces like Cabbage, Cauliflower, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being produced in for self-consumption and to meet outside demands in some extend.

29 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 8.1. Existing Marketing arrangements In general the agriculture produce like Cabbage, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being sold in the local market and few transport to the outside market like, Delhi etc. The horticulture produces are being transported to markets like Shimla, Chandigarh, and Delhi by road. People join together and hire trucks and send their produce to the above mentioned markets. And sometimes they sold their produces in the local Mandi (Market), where the buyers are coming from different states. 60% of the horticulture produce is being sent to outside markets for sale. Activity Self- Consumption Local Market Sales External Market Sales Market Means of Transport Agriculture 40% 15% 45% Shimla, Delhi Local Contractors Horticulture 4% 16% 80% Shimla, Chandigarh, Delhi, Truck Loads, sometimes buyers from different states. 9. PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Agri-Horti Collection Centre: It is proposed to construct an agriculture/horticulture product collection and storage centre in order to enable a good marketing system in the watershed area. To promote Public-Private-Community Partnership Model (PPCPEM) to set up linkages with the Big Shopping Malls and with the Big Hotels and with Food Processing Houses through Agri-Horti Collection Centre. Nursery Rising: It is proposed by the local people to start Nursery Rising in the watershed area.

30 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP To setting up Nursery Rising is included under the component of Farm Based Micro Enterprise and also under the component of Livelihood Enhancement of BPL families. To setting up Agri-Horti Collection Centre is included under the component Livelihood enhancement of BPL Families. The concerned Panchayat Administration will construct the structure in the project area and the BPL user group will take care of the activities of the Agri-Horti Collection Centre. 10. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Agriculture Agricultural products are being practiced as a major livelihood option for the watershed population. 2 Horticulture Horticulture is the majorlivelihood activity of the villagers, which is dominated by apple cultivation and dry fruits. Sharpincrease in the area under agriculture cultivation and increase the socio-economic status of the population in the watershed area. The cultivation area under horticulture production will be increased with diversification of crops and quality. It will also increase the economic status of the population. 3 Processing and Marketing Right now there is no structure marketing procedure for the products. Also there is no collection centre to store and gradation of the products. The marketing system will be strengthened, and linkage will be established with corporate houses and as a result of the collection centre available, which further prevents loss of products. And the farmers will get competitive price also.

31 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP II. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 120, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat. 1. Increase in Milk Production 1.1. Existing arrangements of fodder In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. As the demand for the fodder cannot be met from the locally available sources all the time, the villagers also buy fodder from the local vendors. Stall feeding is not a regular practice here. Stall feeding is being practiced only during the winters Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Presently there are ha of forest land and ha of permanent pasture lands in the area. The pasture lands are generally dry in nature and provide pasture only during the months from May to November. Forest Land is also totally dry and not a good source for fodder Livestock population The livestock in the village consists of 234 cows, 41 Ox, 27 Buffalos, 62 Sheep, 2 Lamb, and 15 Horses. There are 120 families those are engaged in Animal Husbandry activities in the water shed area. Majority of the cows are of Local breed. The per unit milk production is low in comparison to the other species of milch animals. Livestock Population in the Watershed Area Cows Buffaloes Ox Lamb Goat Horse TOTAL

32 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Livestock Population at Bani Number of families Livestock Detail Cows Buffalo Others No of cows Daily Milk Production in ltr No of Buffalo Daily Milk Production in ltr Ox Sheep Goat Horse Lamb Mule Total Fodder Requirement The total daily fodder requirement of the watershed area accounts to kg s which includes 24252kg s of green fodder and kg s of dry fodder. Feed/Fodder Daily Requirement (Kg.) Green Fodder Dry Fodder Others 2026 Total 46552

33 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Green Fodder Availability at Bani 1.5. Status of green fodder available in a year The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside Average milk production per mulch cattle No. of Cows in the Area Total Daily Milk Production Average daily Milk production Per cow Ltrs 1.28 Ltrs There are 234 cows in the watershed area with a production of300 ltrs of milk per day. The average milk production per cow accounts to 1.28 ltrs per cow Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land- It has been proposed to plant the fodder species called Banda (Viscum Album Linn (Loranthaceae)), a locally available fodder species which has been proved good for the nutrition of cattle.

34 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 2. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES As per the survey data conducted by the organization (IIRD) there are 120 families involved in livestock activities. So it is important to provide them with the facilities for fodder. All the families who are currently doing livestock activities will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will improve the economic condition of the community those are involved in Animal Husbandry activities Activities Pasture Development:5 hectare of land will be covered under fodder production through community based pasture development.the activity is included under the component Development of Common Property Resources under the watershed project. Distribution of Fodder Seeds and Fodder Plants: All the households involved in livestock activities in the watershed area will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will help them to develop the required fodder in their own lands and attain self-sufficiency in fodder. They can make dry fodder out of it and store for the winter season Justification The unavailability of good quality fodder throughout the year is a major problem being faced by the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in the watershed area. It is important to address the lack of fodder availability in order to promote and expand the livestock activities in the area. Scarcity of fodder is making it difficult to carry on with cattle rearing in the watershed area. And people in the area have shown disinterest towards cattle rearing activities. As per the Himachal statistics the cattle population is on decline. Therefore it is very important to increase good quality fodder production and ensure fodder availability throughout the year.so it is proposed to carry out fodder plant and fodder seed distribution to all the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in order to address the lack of fodder availability in the watershed area.

35 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3. NURSERY RAISING It is proposed to raise Nursery of the local fodder species which can adapt to the local prevailing conditions instead of bringing new varieties on trial basis. The Nursery raising activity is included under livelihood enhancement component of the BPL families and the activity will be carried out by a user group by raising various fodder plants which are feasible for the climatic and geographic conditions of the area Justification Fodder plants on one side can meet energy needs of the people during the winter season on the other side leaves of these plants are very good source of fodder. 4. EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER With the distribution of good quality seeds the production as well as locality of the fodder will increase. This will ensure availability of fodder throughout the year encouraging the farmers to take up animal husbandry activities to improve their living conditions. 5. EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION With the availability of quality fodder though out the year, the farmers will be motivated to take up the animal husbandry activities on a broader scale. This will also motivate them for rearing improved varieties of milch animals. The production of the local species is also expected to rise because of the availability of quality fodder. 6. Animal Management 6.1. Existing Cattle Breed in the area There are mainly two breeds of cattle i.e. local breed and jersey breed existing in the watershed area. Majority of the cattle breed are local Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification It is very important to promote the diversification of breeds in the area. Advanced breeds like Jersey and other improved species are need to be promoted in the watershed area in order to enhance the milk production.

36 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 6.3. Existing status of Animal Management The prevailing present practices for the housing of animals are very traditional i.e. the cattle are housed in the ground floor of the residential houses. The animals are mostly left open to graze on the common village lands or the forest lands. The concept of stall feeding is yet not seen commonly in the village. There may be some instances of stall feeding which is being practiced during the winters Proposed Activities with justification It is proposed to introduce improved breed of cattle in the watershed area. As it is identified during the survey, the yield of the milk is very low. This is mainly due to non-availability of quality fodder as well as the milk yield of the local species is lower in comparison to the other advanced breed. The activity to introduce advanced cattle breeds will be considered under the Livelihood Enhancement of BPL Families component under the project as well as for the Non-BPL families also. 7. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS 7.1. Existing Marketing tie-ups Presently the milk production from the watershed area accounts to approximately 300 litres of milk per day. As on today there are no milk co-operatives operating in the village therefore no milk procurement systems are in existence in the village. It is observed from the discussions that the inhabitants does not consider dairy farming activity as a commercial activity rather than raising milch animals for fulfilling household dairy needs. So it is important to create awareness among the villagers about the potential of dairy farming as a commercial activity Proposed Activities The following activities are proposed to enhance the livestock activities and production system in the watershed area. - Improved breeds like Jersey cows will be promoted in the water shed area - Distribution of fodder seed s and plants.

37 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP - Milk production will be increased Skill Development The user groups newly formed in the area will be trained on livestock activity. The members will be trained on various aspects related to cattle rearing and dairy farming. The programme will be covered under Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) which is funded by the Ministry of Rural Development Govt. Of India and Dept. of Rural Development, Himachal Pradesh No. of families to be benefitted All the 120 families engaged in the area will be covered under the animal husbandry programme. 8. COSTING Activity -> Fodder Plant Distribution Fodder Seed Distribution Funds with Line Departments Beneficiary Contribution for WDF Funds from IWMP EXPECTED OUTCOMES The villagers will be able to attain self-sufficiency in fodder production through the supply of fodder plants and fodder seeds. The wastelands will be used for fodder and the vegetative cover of the area will be increased.

38 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 10. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1. Fodder Low availability, No cattle balanced fodder production, Not self-sufficient in fodder production 2. Cattle Management Low level of awareness and expertise in cattle management. 3 Milk Production Current Milk Production per cow is 1.28 litres per day. 4 Milk Marketing Milk Production is not an income generation activity, only for self-consumption. No milk co-operatives or SHG group. Increased availability of cattle balance fodder production, Selfsufficient in Fodder production. Increased awareness and expertise about cattle management. Milk production will be increased to 3 6 litres per cow as a result of increased fodder availability and balanced Food and scientific Technique. Milk production become a commercial activity and the people will form a co-operative & SHG with the help of Govt. And access to the organized Markets.

39 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP III. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES 1. STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA 1.1. Existing CPRs Presently the Common Property Resources (CPRs) in the area are very less in number. The existing CPRs are developed by the Gram Panchayat and the Irrigation and Public Health (I& PH) Department. The existing CPRs consist of only six irrigation tanks, 03 Irrigation channels by the Gram Panchayat and 19 Public Water Taps by the Irrigation and Public Health Department. These CPRs are being maintained and managed by the respective Gram Panchayat and I&PH Department. People collect drinking water from the Public Water Taps depending upon availability. Existing CPRs in the watershed area Irrigation Tanks Channel Public Water Taps PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION The following activities are proposed for the development of common property resources in the area: Pasture Development: The purpose of Pasture Development is for ensuring availability of fodder. An area of 5 hectare of community land will be converted as pasture land. This activity will be carried out by the Bani Panchayat Administration. Irrigation Tanks: The irrigation tanks were proposed by the community in order to meet the water needs for drinking and irrigation. Eight Irrigation water tanks are proposed to construct in the watershed area.

40 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Water Pond: Nine water ponds will be set up in the proposed watershed area. 3. Expected Outcomes The irrigation tank and water pond will address the lack of irrigation problems being faced by the farmers. The irrigation tanks and water pond will enhance the agriculture and horticulture production by expanding the irrigation facilities of the watershed area. This will increase the agriculture and horticulture productivity of the watershed area. The unused community land will be used for fodder plantation. This will address the gaps in fodder production in the watershed area. The households engaged in cattle rearing and other livestock activities will be benefited from this. The fodder problem of the water shed area will be addressed properly. 4. Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Fodder Availability There is not enough good quality fodder available in the watershed area throughout the area. 2 Irrigation No irrigation systems prevalent in the water shed area at present The households who practice animal husbandry will be able to meet the fodder requirement locally throughout the year. All the cultivated lands will be covered under the new irrigation Tank.

41 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP IV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 1. Existing Status Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked. 2. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION 2.1. Activities In order to address the issues the following activities to manage and preserve the Natural Resources are proposed: Crate Wire: The crate wires are proposed to check landslides and soil erosion in the watershed area. The treatment will be made with bio-engineering measures. Diversion Drain: Diversion Drain is constructed to drainage the surplus rain water. Retaining Wall: Retaining Wall is being constructed to check soil erosion and minimise the landslides.

42 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Effect of Soil Erosion at Bani 2.2. No. of Households to be benefitted: All the activities proposed will benefit all the households in the watershed area. The proposed activities will preserve the natural resources in the watershed area and ensure the preservation of their livelihoods. 3. COSTING Activity Funds with Line Departments Crate Wires (Dept. of RD through MNREGA) 2 nd Year rd Year th Year Retaining Wall (Dept. of RD through MNREGA) 2 nd Year rd Year th Year Total Funds from Line Departments -(A) 69, , Beneficiary Contribution Year Wise Distribution of Funds from IWMP 2 nd Year rd Year th Year nd Year rd Year th Year Total Funds from IWMP (B) 29,67, Total Cost (A) + (B) 30,37, ,62, ,95,362.54

43 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 4. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 2 Soil Erosion and Landslides and Rain water harvesting: Soil erosion and landslide are very prevalent in the watershed area. The soil erosion will be checked through the creation of Crate Wire. Landslide can be minimising by construction of Retaining Wall. Landslide in Bani Area

44 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP V. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES 1. CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition, packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Bamboo Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Bee keeping; Vermi Compost can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area. 2. SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES Bamboo Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Bee Keeping, Vermi Compost can be a good livelihood option for the local people. 3. COSTING Sr. Activity Beneficiaries Total Cost No Beneficiary Fund from Line from IWMP contribution departments 1. Vermi compost Sh. Daulat Ram s/o ShMagni Ram R/O Thnajubar Sh.Hira Singh s/o Sh. Het Ram R/O Thnajubar Sh. Kedar Singh s/o Sh. Het Ram R/O Thnajubar MrsKubjaDavi w/o Sh. Durga Singh R/O Thnajubar Sh. Partap Singh s/o Sh. Bishan Singh R/O Thakashall

45 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 2. Bamboo nursery 3. Bee Keeping Sh.Inder Singh Sh.Surender Sh.Geeta Ram Sh.Mahender Singh Sh.Ramesh Smt.Savitri Smt.Vidya Sh.Suresh Kumar Sh.Kanshi Ram Sh.Kedar Singh Sh.Heera Singh Sh.Lal Singh Sh.Shiv Ram Sh.Devi Saran Sh.RajinderVerma Sh.SurenderVerma Sh.MohanLalVerm a Smt.Suni Devi Sh.Madan Sh.Durga Singh Sh.RamKarishan Sh.Rajender TOTAL PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Bamboo Nursery Rising Activity being practiced not in a systematic manner. Bamboo Nursery Rising will be carried out in an organized way and it will improve the economic condition of the people under the watershed area. 2 Bee Keeping Activity being practiced not in a systematic manner. 3 Vermi Compost Vermi Compost is not practiced here, and the knowledge base of the community regarding Bee Keeping will be carried out in an organized way and it will increase the income level of the community. Vermi Compost will be carried out in a planned manner and income level will be increase. Community will get knowledge about organic

46 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Organic Farming is not sufficient. farming. Over time more people will go for organic farming in the watershed area.

47 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP VI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT 1. CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES Micro Enterprise Development (MED) is a proven way to strengthen viable, small business resulting in increased household income and savings, and this alleviating the crunch of poverty. Micro Enterprises plays a critical role in the local development of any area. 2. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 2.1. Activities These are the various activities proposed under the Micro Enterprise Development Dairy Farming: Dairy Framing will expand the livelihood opportunity of the community at watershed area. Restaurant: Nine(9) families will be allotted with the activity to carry out handloom manufacturing activities after formation of one user group Beneficiaries Sr. No Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary contribution Fund from Line departments Total Cost from IWMP 1. Restaurant 1 Sh. LalitBhotka s/o Sh. Liaq Ram R/O Kainhsar 2 Sh. Surender Singh s/o Sh. Ganga ram R/O Kawag 5 MrsShakuntl adavi w/o Sh. Tak Ram R/O Kainthsar 6 Sh. Shiv Ram s/o Sh. Ram Singh R/O Kainthsar

48 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3 Shayam Singh s/o Sh. Ganga Ram R/O Kawag 7 Sh. Surender Singh s/o Sh. Davi Singh R/O Tatkar( fagu) 4 Sh. Jeet Ram s/o Sh. Shiv ram R/O Kainthsar 8 Sh. Daulat Ram s/o ShJamnu R/O ShalloGhat 9 Sh. Daulat Ram s/o Sh. Aklu R/O Kainhsar 2. Dairy farming Smt.SaritaVerma Smt.Kubja Devi Sh.Lal Singh Sh.Kedar Singh Sh.Shiv Ram Sh.Heera Singh Smt.Mugla Devi Smt.Savitri Sh.Devi Saran Smt.Vidya Sh.RajinderVerma Sh.Keshv Ram Sh.SurenderVerma Sh.Udhan Singh Sh.Inder Singh Sh.Roop Singh Sh.Surender Sh.Deep Ram Sh.Madan Sh.Raghu Ram Sh.Durga Singh Sh.Sita Ram Sh.Geeta Ram Sh.Rajender Sh.Salig Ram Sh.Shyam Sh.Ramesh Sh.RamLal Sh.Rajender Sh.Suresh Kumar Sh.Amar Singh Sh.Ganga Ram Sh.Kahan Singh Sh.Shyam Singh Sh.Surender Sh.Surender Singh Sh.Birbal Das Sh.Partap Singh Sh.VedParkash Sh.Kedar Singh Sh.Nand Ram Sh.Dhani Ram Sh.Deep Ram Sh.Shiv Ram Sh.Narender Sh.Kanshi Ram Sh.Shishu Pal Sh.Daulat Ram Sh.Parmod Sh.Sita Ram Sh.Mukesh Sh.Kishori Sh.Naveen ShAtma Ram ShDasu Ram TOTAL

49 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 2.3. Justification This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own. It will increase the income levels of the people. Processing units of fruit and milk will be owned by the Panchayat. Before the establishment, the Panchayat must be trained about the technical and managerial know how of the same. For this purpose, DIC can provide good resources. For the activities like horticulture expansion, plantation and nursery, fund from MNREGA can be utilized. Other cost intensive intervention which involves 40% contribution of beneficiaries, the names of the beneficiaries mentioned in the groups will be subjected to alteration depending on their initiative and interest. 3. EXPECTED OUTCOMES The micro enterprises development activities proposed can bring significant changes in the watershed area. The Micro Enterprise will be leading the community to be self-reliant and live with dignity. Outcome Indicators Operation of organized fruit processing industry in the watershed area. It will leads towards cluster development. Operation of organized milk processing industry in the watershed area. It will increase the economic condition of the people. Milk production will be increase in the watershed area. Existence of organized Bee Keeping unit. Improve in quality-of-life of the local people in the watershed area.

50 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP VII.MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT OF BPL FAMILIES 1. BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) As per the survey conducted by the organization there are 71 BPL families in the watershed area. The land holding status of the BPL families are as follows- Small Farmers (land less than 5 Bigha) - 40 Marginal Farmers (between 6-25 Bigha) AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION As per the survey conducted by the organisation there are no agricultural labourer s in the watershed area Present landless households and their livelihoods Presently there are no landless households in the area as per the baseline survey carried out by the organization Existing status of livelihood All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. And very few are meeting their livelihood needs from animal husbandry. But it is important to note that these families land holdings are very small and at the same time the numbers of cattle s are also less. A few of them are doing some work on daily wage basis to meet their daily needs Scope for additional income Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. It is observed and identified that there is a scope for the activities like pasture development in community lands, Horticulture Nursery Raising, Dairy Farming, and Expansion of Horticulture in the watershed area. The small farmers can be assigned with the development of Agri-Horti Collection Centre in community land.

51 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 3.1. Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Dairy Farming: Agri-Horti Collection Centre: Justification: For the time being, dairy farming is not considered as a commercial activity in the area, it is possible to create the trend towards commercialization of dairy farming of the area by assisting a group of a few to adopt dairy farming besides creating awareness among the villagers about the possibility of dairy farming as a commercial activity. Along with the distribution of cows, the skill development programmes, which will cover other villagers, will also take place. The Agriculture / Horticulture product collection cum marketing centre will bring drastic change in the marketing system of the watershed area. At present they are facing problems related to storage. Most of the times, they keep the stock in the open air which will get damaged due to rain fall and stray cattle. So the storage cum marketing centre will strengthen the marketing system of the area and also prevent the product loss due to other factors. It will also increase the shelf-life of the products.

52 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3.2. Beneficiaries and Costing Sr. Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary Fund Total No contribution from Line Cost from departm IWMP ents 1 Dairy Farming 1 Sh. Rati Ram s/o Sh. Anant Ram R/O Tatkar 16 Sh. Nand Ram s/o sh. Jai ram R/o Parola MrsSushma w/o Sh. Inder Singh R/O fagu 17 Mrssanpadavi w/o Sh. VedParkash R/O Parola 3 Sh.Daulat Ram s/o Sh. Magni Ram R/O Thnajubar 18 Sh. Jeet Ram s/o Sh. Jamnu R/O Shallo 4 Sh. Kashav Ram s/o Sh. Sh. Shiv Ram R/O Tatkar 5 Sh. Tak Ram s/o Sh. Sh. Chet Ram R/O Batlar 6 Sh. Laxman Singh s/o Sh. Balak Ram R/O Rehog 19 Sh. Ram Krishan s/o sh. Sant ram R/o Gadevag 20 Sh. MadanLal s/o Kanshi ram R/O Shallo 21 Sh. Gitta Ram s/o Sh. Bharmanand R/O Rehog 7 Sh. Atama Ram s/o ShRamu R/o Kainthsar 22 MrsLaxmi w/o Sh. Lagnu R/O Rehog 8 Sh. KrishanLal s/o Sh. Ram San R/O Shallo 23 MrasKubja w/o Sh. Durga Singh R/o Thnajubar 9 Sh. Babu Ram s/o Sh. GanriNand R/o Tatkar 24 MrsGeetaDavi w/o IshwarLal R/O Reog 10 Sh. TakRam s/o Anant Ram R/O Tatkar 25 MrsShakuntla w/o tak Ram R/O Kainthsare 11 Mrssarita w/o ShBagat Singh R/O Gadevag 26 MrsLaxmi w/o Sh. Bishan Singh R/o Gadevg

53 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 12 Sh. Parkashs/o ShMatru R/O Bani 13 Sh. Suresh s/o Sh. Ram Saran R/O Shallo 14 Sh. Ragu Ram s/o Sh. Balak Ram R/O Batlar 27 Sh. GauriNand s/o Sh. Mansa Ram R/O Tatkar 28 MrsDerkudavi w/o Sh. Davi ram R/o Tatkar 29 Sh. Shayamsingh s/o sh. Ganga Ram R/o Kavag 2 Vegetable and fruit collection center (Horti collection center) 15 Sh. Surender s/o Sh.davi Saran R/o Gadevag 30 Sh. Surender Singh s/o ganga ram R/O Kavag User group 1 User Group 2 1 Suresh Kumar s/o Sh. 1 Sh. Het Ram s/o Ram Saran Sh. Surat Ram 2 Sh. Krishanlal s/o sh.ram Saran 3 Sh. Ramesh s/o Mrs. Jamnu 4 Sh. MadanLal s/o Sh. Shriram 2 Sh. Surender Singh s/o Sh.Devi Singh 3 Sh. Hari Singh s/o Sh. Matru 4 Sh. Joginder s/o Sh. Devi Saran Sh. Daulat Ram s/o MrsJamnu 5 Sh. RamKrishan s/o Sh,.santRam 6 MrsBimla w/o ShKahansingh 7 leeladvi w/o Sh. Bihan Singh Total EXPECTED OUTCOMES Upon the successful implementation of the livelihood enhancement programmes aimed at the empowerment of the BPL families in the watershed area, the BPL status of the families will be changed. This will positively impact the integrated development of the watershed area. The success of these initiatives will further encourage the households to undertake

54 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP new initiatives by expanding their area of operation. All the 71 BPL households in the area will be directly benefited through the number of programmes. Indicators The income levels of the BPL families will increase. Decrease in the number of BPL families in the area over time. The quality of life will increase. Increase in the quantity of milk production in the area. Establishment of Milk co-operation. Functioning of the collection and marketing centre and its usage. The farmers will get fare price for the products. Capacity Building of the local people. 5. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Intervention Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Interventions for BPL Families There are no specific interventions which are exclusively aimed at BPL Families of that area. The livelihood enhancement programmes under the IWMP will directly benefit all the BPL families in the area and bring remarkable changes in their standard of living by creating sustainable livelihoods options. 2 BPL Status At present there are 71 BPL families in the watershed area. The BPL status of the families will be improved and they are expected to attain the status of APL over time after the proper implementation of watersheds projects.

55 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3 Marketing At present there are no storage and collection centre at the area. No linkages with the big houses for marketing of the products. 4 Dairy Framing Dairy Farming is not practices in an organized way, most of the cows breed is local, and due to lack of balance food milk production is low. The new storage and collection centre will enhance the marketing activities in the watershed area and at the same time it will prevent crop loss. It will create linkages with the Private Companies through Public-privatecommunity partnership. Dairy farming will be practices in an organized way, increase in the number of Jersey breed, and it will improve the socio- economic condition of the people in the watershed area. CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE The main purpose of this phase is to create innovative nature-based, sustainable livelihoods and raise productivity levels of the augmented resources and local economic development plans developed during the Watershed Works Phase. The subsequent activities are planned to be carried out during this stage. 1. Documentation: It is proposed to document the activities carried out during the watershed implementation period. It will help to maintain the records and identify and propagate the successful activities carried out under the project. 2. Up-scaling of Successful Experiments: It is proposed to identify the best practices carried out during the project period and up-scaling the same as per feasibility and propagate the same among others members of the watershed area.

56 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 3. Evaluation: Evaluation is a very important activity to assess the success of implementation of the project. It is proposed to carry out evaluation at the following levels. a. Social Audit: It is proposed to conduct the social audit of the programme at the watershed level where the Gram Sabha will evaluate the programme where the beneficiaries should explain their benefits and current status of the activity. The Watershed Committee should place the books of accounts of watershed programme for approval. b. Evaluation by External Agency: An external agency with experience in implementation and monitoring and evaluation of watershed projects should be assigned for the evaluation of the watershed programme. Costing S.N. Activities Amount a Documentation and recording b c Up scaling of Successful experiments Training Total

57 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 57 VII. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT Sectors Expected Outcomes Indicators Agriculture Improved irrigation Enhancement in agriculture production Good Organic farming Increment in gross irrigated area Increment in quantity of agriculture produces Number of functional vermi compost units Horticulture Enhancement in crop production Rise in quantity produced Natural resources Animal husbandry Pasture land development Improvement in water resources Dairy development Improved Bee keeping practices Increment in pasture land area Physical existence of the water bodies Number of dairy farming units Number of farmers with commercial production of honey Improvement in women s status Increment in income of women and their institutions (SHGs) Micro enterprises Bamboo Nursery Rising Honey and fruit processing and unit Better market facility Restaurants Physical existence of Bamboo Unit Well-functioning honey and fruit processing units Number of well-functioning vegetable and fruit collection centers, milk and honey preservation units Physical existence of restaurants Development of BPL families Improvement in economic status of BPL HHs Improvement in social status Increment in the income of BPL families, BPL families will have ownership over the generated resources

58 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 58 Sr. No Area increase in area under crops (Ha) Increase in production (Kg/Ha) Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention 1 Agriculture Horticulture ,829,811 3 Fellow Land Waste land Common Pasture Animal Husbandry increase in no. of animals Increase in production per day Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention a Cow Milk (Lt.) B Horse Income /season(rs) c Goat Meat (kg) d Sheep 9 0 Wool (Kg) e Others Area under fodder crops (Ha) Availability of fodder (Q/year) 4 Fodder Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention Fodder grasses FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES No. of families benefited Pre intervention Post intervention a Dairy development ad Dairy Farming 0 85 b Bamboo cultivation 0 2 c Horticulture development d Pasture development 0 10 e Vermi compost production 0 5 f Fodder seed/ nursery 0 109

59 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 59 g Bee Keeping PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT b Innovation fund for Restaurant 0 9 Sr. No Area increase in area under crops (Ha) Increase in production (Kg/Ha) Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention 1 Agriculture Horticulture ,829,811 3 Fellow Land Waste land Common Pasture Animal Husbandry increase in no. of animals Increase in production per day Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention a Cow Milk (Lt.) B Horse Income /season(rs) c Goat Meat (kg) d Sheep 9 0 Wool (Kg) e Others Area under fodder crops (Ha) Availability of fodder (Q/year) 4 Fodder Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention Fodder grasses FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES No. of families benefited Pre intervention Post intervention a Dairy development ad Dairy Farming 0 85 b Bamboo cultivation 0 2 c Horticulture development 0 109

60 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 60 d Pasture development 0 10 e Vermi compost production 0 5 f Fodder seed/ nursery g Bee Keeping PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT b Innovation fund for Restaurant 0 9

61 Sl. No. Survey No. Length / Units Sectio n (sqm) Additional earth work volume cum Earth Work Amoun t(rs.) Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 61 VIII. BUDGETING 1. COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Name of the farmer/community Based Area (ha) Treatment Proposed Volume (sqm) Cost per unit/cum Total Cost Rs. Convergence with MNREGA Grant Total 1 Community Based Creat Wire-1 Jastuke Bagiche me Community Based Creat Wire-2 Gharmati-Batlad Community Based Creat Wire-3 KenthNala Community Based Creat Wire-4 Shiyog-KangriNala Community Based Creat Wire-5 Rigoh-KavangNala Community Based Creat Wire-6 Kalvet-Batlad

62 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 62 7 Community Based Irrigation Tank-1 (Bakhlati) Community Based Irrigation Tank-2 (Shalo) Community Based Irrigation Tank-3 (NichlaKavam) Community Based Irrigation Tank-4 (KavangNala) Community Based Irrigation Tank-5 (Kavang) Community Based Irrigation Tank-6 (Thakur Sheel) Community Based Irrigation Tank-7 (Rigoh) Community Based Irrigation Tank-8 (Tathkar) Community Based Water Pond-1 (Fagu Dhar) Community Based Water Pond-2 (Gadveg) Community Based Water Pond-3 (Vatlad) Community Based Water Pond-4 (Padola)

63 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Community Based Water Pond-5 (Tathkar) Community Based Water Pond-6 (Bakehlati) Community Based Water Pond-7 (Riohg) Community Based Water Pond-8 (Thakur Sheel) Community Based Water Pond-9 (TharmitDhar) Community Based Diversion Drain-1 (Banni-HarijanBasti) Community Based Diversion Drain-2 (NH-Talai) Community Based Diversion Drain-3 (JastukeBagiche me) Community Based Diversion Drain-4 (Dhanajubad-Talai) Community Based Diversion Drain-5 (Vadi-Sholghat) Community Based Diversion Drain-6 (Talai-Gadveg) Community Based Diversion Drain-7 (Near bymatku house)

64 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP Community Based 32 Community Based Irrigation Channel (BagdaNala-Bagda Village) Retaining Wall (Kavang- NichalaKavang) Total COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES S.N. Interventions Units Average Rate Per Unit (Rs.) No of Beneficiaries (HH) Beneficiary Contribution Convergence Funds from IWMP Amount I LIVELIHOOD and ME FOR BPL HHs ONLY a Dairy Farming Horti Collection b Centre II Sub-Total Micro Enterprise and other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development a Horticulture Expansion * Sub-Total Animal Husbandry a Fodder Seed b C Fodder Plant Distribution Pasture Development 5ha Sub-Total

65 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 65 3 Micro-Enterprises a Dairy development b Vermicompost c Small Restaurant d Bee Keeping e Bamboo nursery Sub-Total GRAND TOTAL

66 3. TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Sl. No Particulars 1 GENERAL a b c Ad. Cost Monitoring Evaluation IWMP Amount (Rs.) Total PREPARATORY PHASE a b c EPA Institutional Capacity Building DPR & 714, , , Total BENEFICIARY CONTRIBUTION For WDF CONVERGENCE 3 WATERSHED WORKS PHASE WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Creat Wire-1 JastukeBagiche me Creat Wire-2 Gharmati-Batlad Creat Wire-3 KenthNala Creat Wire-4 Shiyog-KangriNala Creat Wire-5 Rigoh-KavangNala Creat Wire-6 Kalvet-Batlad Irrigation Tank-1 (Bakhlati) Irrigation Tank-2 (Shalo) Irrigation Tank-3 (NichlaKavam) Irrigation Tank-4 (KavangNala) Irrigation Tank-5 (Kavang) Irrigation Tank-6 (Thakur Sheel) Irrigation Tank-7 (Rigoh) Irrigation Tank-8 (Tathkar) Water Pond-1 (Fagu Dhar) Water Pond-2 (Gadveg) Water Pond-3 (Vatlad) Water Pond-4 (Padola) Water Pond-5 (Tathkar) Water Pond-6 (Bakehlati) Water Pond-7 (Riohg) Water Pond-8 (Thakur Sheel)

67 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP I Water Pond-9 (TharmitDhar) Diversion Drain-1 (Banni-HarijanBasti) Diversion Drain-2 (NH-Talai) Diversion Drain-3 (JastukeBagiche me) Diversion Drain-4 (Dhanajubad-Talai) Diversion Drain-5 (Vadi-Sholghat) Diversion Drain-6 (Talai-Gadveg) Diversion Drain-7 (Near bymatku house) Irrigation Channel (BagdaNala-Bagda Village) Retaining Wall (Kavang-NichalaKavang) Total LIVELIHOOD FOR BPL HHs ONLY a Dairy Farming c Horti Collection Centre Sub-Total II Micro Enterprise and other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development Horticulture development a Horticulture Expansion * Sub-Total Animal Husbandry a Fodder Seed b Fodder Plant Distribution C Pasture Development Sub-Total Micro-Enterprises a Dairy development b Vermicompost c Small Restaurant d Bee Keeping

68 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP e Bamboo nursery Sub-Total TOTAL Consolidation phase a b c Documentation and recording Up scaling of Successful experiments Training Total GRAND TOTAL Proposed Final Budget Sr. No Particulars Amount (Rs.) (Figures) Amount (Rs.) (Words) 1 Total Funds from IWMP 1,78,65, Beneficiary Contribution 1,95, Rupees One Caror Seventy Eight Lakh Sixty Five Thousand Only Rupees One Lakh Ninety Five Thousand Eight Hundred Sixty Only 3 Proposed Convergence 11,14, Total Project Cost 1,91,74, Rupees Eleven Lakh Fourteen Thousand One Hundred and Twenty Seven, Paise Forty Six Only. Rupees One Caror Ninety One lakh Seventy Four Thousand Nine Hundred Eighty Seven and Paise Forty Six Only Per Hectare Expenditure from IWMP - 14,999.99

69 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP ACTION PLAN IX. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE PREPARATORY PHASE SR.NO WORK COMPONENT a EPA b DPR c Institutional & Capacity Building CONSOLIDATION PHASE 1 st Year Activity a Up-scaling of Successful Experiments b Training c Documentation Evaluation YEAR YEAR - 3 YEAR - 4 YEAR # # # # # # # # # Evaluation

70 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 70 b c d e a b II 1 a WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Create Wire Bench Terracing Irrigation Tank Pipe Line LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES Dairy Farming Horti Collection Centre Micro Enterprise and other related activities Agriculture & Horticulture Development Horticulture development Horticulture Expansion YEAR - 2 YEAR - 3 YEAR Animal Husbandry a b Fodder Seed Fodder Plant Distribution C Pasture Development 3 Micro-Enterprises a b c d e Dairy development Vermi compost Small Restaurant Bee Keeping Bamboo nursery

71 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP X. ANNEXURE 1. Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Sl. Particulars EXISTING RATES SSR Final Rates Reference Labour Material Total 1 Earthwork in loose and sandy soils and partially ploughed soils NFB, RFB a) Earth excavation per cum 20 GO 486 para b) Sectioning & trimming per cum Total Earthwork in ordinary soil CB, CCT, SCT a) Earth excavation per cum 27 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) Breaking of clods with 2 trimmng and sectioning per cum Total Earthwork in hard soil WAT a) Earth excavation per cum 34 GO 146 costs of watershed b) Breaking of clods with trimming and sectioning per cum items- para Total Earthwork for farm pond

72 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP a) upto depth of 0.75 m per cum 28 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) depth from 0.75 m to 2 m per cum 39 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para d) Trimming and sectioning 4a Earthwork for MPT/ PT a) excavation depth of 0.75 m per cum 60 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) excavation depth of 0.75 m to 2 m per cum GO 146 costs of watershed items- para c) Bund formation, tamping and sectioning upto initial 30 m GO 146 costs of watershed items- para Stripping Key trench excavation (max - 0.5) and filling with suitable soil GO 146 costs of watershed items- para -2 5 Stone rivetment - outside stone (per cum) 328 GO 146 para 5, Stone rivetment - local stone 267 GO 146 para 5,

73 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 7 Stone work with stone form outside per cum (per cum) 8 Stone work with locally available stone per cum 328 GO 146 para 5, GO 146 para 5, Contour stone bund (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 10 Farm bunding with stone revetment (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 160/rmt 11 Stone Outlet per unit 308 GO 146 para 5, 7 12 Pipe Outlet /Unit AF (block) Pitting and refilling - per 4 plant Planting material - per plant /rmt Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF (bund) Planting material - per 4 plant 5 5 Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF(seeding) per kg Grass seeding per kg Agave slips in Nos Dryland Horticulture (DH) - per plant 19 Dryland Horticulture with pitcher - per plant

74 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 20 Agro-horticulture(AH) - per plant 21 Community pasture land (CPL) /ha 22 Vermicompost demo unit in Nos. 23 Non Pesticidal Management (NPM) per acre

75 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Fagu- Bani Watershed under IWMP 2. Design and Estimate of Watershed Works

76 PRADiagrams

77 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 3. PRA Diagrams

78 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 4.

79 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP

80 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP

81 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP

82 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 4. Watershed Maps DETAILED PROJECT REPORT Cheog Micro-Watershed of Theog Block, District Shimla (H.P.) Under IWMP Submitted to The Chief Executive Officer State Level Nodal Agency Department of Rural Development, H.P Prepared by

83 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute Bye Pass Road, Shanan, Sanjauli, Shimla 6 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS WATERSHED AT A GLANCE Executive Summary INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROJECT BACKGROUND OF THE AREA Geographical Characteristics Climate Soil Population Classification Land use Pattern The Watershed Area Land Holdings Livestock Population METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION SECONDARY DATA Land Use Planning with Villagers of Chiog Village USAGE OF DATA PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA PREPARATORY PHASE

84 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 5. ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES PREPARATION OF DPRS INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Budget for Preparatory Phase SWOT Analysis SYNOPSIS: 1564 Ha. Cheog Nalla (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Cheog Panchayat WATERSHED WORK PHASE I. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE Existing Crop Production Existing farm practices Cropping pattern HORTICULTURE Existing Crop Production Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Costing Justification BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing arrangements PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS II. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder

85 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 1.2. Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Livestock population Fodder Requirement Status of green fodder available in a year Average milk production per mulch cattle Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Justification NURSERY RAISING Justification EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification Existing status of Animal Management Proposed Activities with justification MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Proposed Activities Skill Development No. of families to be benefitted COSTING EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS III. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION COSTING Expected Outcomes Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status

86 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP IV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Existing Status PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities No. of Households to be benefitted: COSTING PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS V. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS VI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Beneficiaries Justification EXPECTED OUTCOMES BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION Present landless households and their livelihoods Existing status of livelihood Scope for additional income PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Beneficiaries and Costing EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE VII. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT VIII. BUDGETING COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES

87 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 3. TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Proposed Final Budget ACTION PLAN IX. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE X. ANNEXURE Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Design and Estimate of Watershed Works PRA Diagrams Watershed Maps...

88 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP ABBREVIATIONS IWMP - Integrated Watershed Management Programme I&PH - Irrigation and Public Health WDF - Watershed Development Fund NPK - Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium GP - Gram Panchayat AF - Afforestation GT - Grass land with Trees GS - Grass Seed CCT - Continues Contour Trench SCT - Staggered Contour Trench AH - Agro Horticulture CP - Compost Pit DH - Dray land Horticulture S.CPCT - Strengthening of Continues Peripheral Contour Trench CPL - Community Pasture Land MPT - Mini Percolation Tank PT - Percolation Tank NPM - Non Pesticidal Management MN - Micro Nutrients EPA - Entry Point Activity UG - User Group D1 - Very Shallow (0.15) D2 - Shallow (0.30) D3 - Moderately deep (0.45) D4 - Deep (more than 5) E1 - Sheet erosion E2 - Rill erosion E3 - Small Gullied Erosion E4 - Deep Gullied Erosion S1 - Slope (15% -20%) S2 - Slope (20% -25%) S3 - Slope (30% -35%)

89 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP WATERSHED AT A GLANCE General Information 1 Name of the watershed Cheog Nalla 2. Name of the Block Theog 3. Name of the District Shimla 4. Geographical Area of the Watershed 1564 Hec. 5. Micro Watershed consist of Watershed and Watershed Codes 2c6c6A2b 6. Major Water Source Cheog Nalla 7. River flowing nearby the watershed area Giri 8. Livelihood Options Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Fishery Demography 6. Population 2454 Persons 7. Number of Males Number of Females 1247 Agriculture 9. Major Crops and Vegetables Wheat, Jo, Barley, Cabbage, Potato, Tomato, Beans, Peas. 10. Marketing Local, Fagu, Cheog Horticulture 11. Major Crops Apple, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, cherry, walnut, Almond. 12. Marketing Local Mandi, Mother Dairy, Relaince Group Animal Husbandry 13 Families involved in Animal Husbandry Livestock Cow, OX, Goat, Horse. 15 Daily Milk Production 2485 Litres Land Characteristics 16 Slope S3 25% - 30% 17 Erosion E4 Severe Gully Erosion Soil Characteristics 18 Soil Depth D PH N P K

90 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Executive Summary: Cheog Nalla Micro-Watershed of Cheog Panchayat The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attach locally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Cheog located in Theog Block of Shimla district. In the north direction there is very steep slope hills, in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located. The project area is located between Longitude 31 04' 00.40" N and Lattitude 71 19' 10.80" E. As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Changmang Walling watershed project has a total 433 households with a population of 2480 souls, out of which 1233 are male and 1247 are female. The net geographical area of Cheog Panchayat is about 1570 ha out of which 383 ha is forest area. As per the survey conducted by the organization for Cheog Nalla water shed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). At Cheog Nalla watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. At Cheog Nalla watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, Almond, and Nuts etc. At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Nalla (canal) called Cheog Nalla flowing from the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and nonconsumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Nalla is being utilized

91 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 400, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat. In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside. Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked. As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition, packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Horticulture Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Fodder Nursery Rising, Vermi Compost, Bee Keeping can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area. This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own. It will increase the income levels of the people. There are 99 BPL families in the watershed area. All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. The small farmers can be assigned with the development of pasture in community lands. This project will cover the total area identified in the watershed area. The livelihood options and income of all the BPL households will be enhanced once the project is properly implemented. The area under agriculture and horticulture and its productivity will be increased as a result of the increase in irrigation facilities and other activities aimed at expansion of the same. The lack of fodder availability will be addressed by the pasture development and nursery rising. Moreover the households practicing livestock activities will be benefited through the distribution of fodder seeds and fodder plants. The micro enterprises sector will be revived as a result of the implementation of the project. The number of working days will also be increased.

92 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP INTRODUCTION 5. ABOUT THE PROJECT The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attachlocally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. These objectives can be realized by conserving, protecting and restoring the ecological balance by developing natural resources and by preventing soil erosion, degradation of top soil cover, regeneration of natural vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the ground water table. The programme also gives specific importance to the productivity enhancement of agriculture/horticulture/animal husbandry activities and innovative sustainable livelihood development of the community. The activities for resource development and usage will be planned to promote farming and allied activities to promote local livelihoods while ensuring resource conservation and regeneration. A View of Cheog Village

93 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 6. BACKGROUND OF THE AREA The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Cheog located in Theog Block of Shimla district.in the north direction there is very steep slope hills,in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located.the project area is located between Longitude 31 04' 00.40" N and Lattitude 71 19' 10.80" E.The watershed area liesin Seven villages which are very near to the Cheog valley. The elevation of the watershed area is nearly 2628 m above the sea level Geographical Characteristics The entire watershed is extremely hilly with complex topography with an elevation upto 2628 m. The general slope is from North West to South East. The major physiographic units delineated are steep to very steep hill slopes, moderately steep to very steep hill slopes, hill terraces, hill slopes with pasture and hill slopes with forest cover. The relief is excessive and the watershed is drained by perennial streams. All local streams are merging in Giri River. Satellite view of Cheog Watershed

94 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 6.2. Climate The climate of the project watershed area is characterized by cool and dry climate. Meteorologically, the year can be divided into three distinct seasons. Winter season sets in from the month of October and continues upto April, followed by summer season from May to June and Rainy Season from July to September. Temperature rises after April and the month of June is the hottest month of the year with mean daily maximum temperature going up to 23.0 o C. And by the end of October, there is a sharp decrease in temperature in the watershed area. The months of December, January and February are the coolest months of the year, with mean daily minimum temperature as low as -2 o C. The total annual rainfall is about 1456 mm per annum. The maximum precipitation is received in the months from January to March. About 55% of the precipitation is received during winter season. The average `humidity observed in the project area is about 50% apart from the monsoon months. Humidity is generally low from 35 to 54.2%. In monsoon months, humidity is more than 80% Soil The skeletal and calcareous soils occur on gently sloping to almost level valleys. The ph of soil at various sites lies within neutral range. The levels of NPK indicate moderate to high soil productivity. The sodium levels do not indicate any potential for soil Stalinization or adverse impacts on soil productivity Population Classification As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Changmang Walling watershed project has a total 433 households with a population of 2480souls, out of which 1233 are male and 1247 are female. From this data it emerges that there is a healthy sex ratio as the female population is greater than male population. 99 BPL families reside in the watershed area. The average size of the family is 5.74 persons per household. The majority of the population belongs to General Caste.

95 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Sex No. of Persons Male 1233 Female 1247 Total 2480 Caste No. of Families SC 74 OBC 07 General 352 Total Land use Pattern The net geographical area of Cheog Panchayat is about 1570 ha out of which 383 ha is forest area. About 259 ha of land are under agriculture which is irrigated and rain-fed; mainly a Kharif crop is taken.

96 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Land under Agri/Horticulture usage Forest land Permanent Pasture Land Cultivable Land Waste Land Uncultivable & Land 259 ha 383 ha 852 ha 259 ha 1311 ha (As per land data records) At the watershed area ha land is having some type of sources for irrigation, and 259 ha land under Agri/Horticulture usage. At the same time hectares are belongs to Fallow Land. Land under Agri + Horticulture usage in the watershed area Land with Irrigation sources Land without Irrigation sources 259 ha ha ha (As per survey) 6.6. The Watershed Area The Cheog watershed consists of only seven revenue villages namely Cheog having total area of 1570 hectares. This watershed envisages covering an area of 1564 hectares falling in this village Land Holdings As per the survey conducted by the organization for Cheog Nalla water shed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). There are 241 small famer households and 84 marginal farmer households in the area. There are 79 farm households with land holdings in between Bigha land. There are 29 big Farmers in the watershed area. As per the information provided during the survey, there is no landless household in the area. Land less Small Farmer <5 Bigha Marginal Farmer 5-25 Bigha Medium Farmer Bigha Big Farmer >75 Bigha

97 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 6.8. Livestock Population Apart from the agriculture / horticulture practices animal husbandry activities are also a major source of livelihoods in the area. The livestock in the village consists of 516 cows, 212 Ox, 62 Sheep, 9 goats and 37 Horses. There are 400 families those are engaged in Animal Husbandry activities in the water shed area. Cows Buffaloes Ox Sheep Goat Horse Others TOTAL 516 (56.09%) 10 (1.09%) 212 (23.04%) 62 (6.74%) 9 (0.98%) 37 (4.02%) 74 (8.04%) 920 (100.00%)

98 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP METHODOLOGY The following methodology was adopted for the preparation of DPR of Watershed Cheog. 7. DATA COLLECTION Primary Data c. Baseline Survey Door to Door baseline survey was carried out using structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the following areas. Demographic Information Socio Economic Information Agriculture / Horticulture Activities and its marketing Animal Husbandry activities and its marketing Fodder production and Availability Land use Water Availability Common Property Resources and Its usage The survey was carried out during

99 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP d. Participatory Rural Appraisal Participatory Rural Appraisal was conducted on at the watershed level in order to assess the needs of the community. The following tools were used: iv. Mapping Social Mapping Resource Mapping Seasonality Calendar Service Inflow Outflow Proposed Works Mapping v. Transect Walk In order to identify the areas to be treated, proposed work sites and assess the feasibility, the experts carried out a reconnaissance survey through transect walk. The sites were marked and the different treatment measures required for the treatment of the area were also recommended. Transect Walk

100 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP i. Focus Group Discussions Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted in order to obtain community approved conclusions on various identified needs. It was helpful in complementing the assessments emerged from PRA and to derive the opinion of the community on various issues. 8. SECONDARY DATA Secondary data was collected from the Panchayat Records, Revenue Records and various line departments functioning in the watershed project area. Land Use Planning with Villagers of Chiog Village

101 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 9. USAGE OF DATA The data, primary as well as secondary, which was obtained from the various authentic sources, was used in formulation of the local needs of the populace and also to plan the interventions required for the optimum utilization of the available resources in the watershed area. The due emphasis was given to plan the activities to fill in the existing gaps and to address the weak indicators. 10. PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA Data was analysed and based on the identified needs and problems in the watershed area a draft action plan was prepared and placed before the concerned Gram Sabha for approval. After detailed deliberations and incorporation of relevant suggestions into the plan, the action plan wasgot approved from the concerned Gram Sabha. PREPARATORY PHASE The Preparatory Phase of the Project will be the first year of the project. The major objective of this phase is to build appropriate mechanisms for adoption of participatory approach and empowerment of local institutions (WC, SHG, and UG). WDT will assume a facilitating role during this phase. In this phase, the main activities will include: 11. ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES The Gram Sabha have passed a resolution for Constructions as given below Tank (Kathyal), Chabutra (Tungesh), Chabutra (Chaner), Tank (Bagdi), Chabutra (Sogu devta jathi), Chabutra (Chiog Bajar), Tank (Bajroi), Irrigation Tank (Dhalli), Pond (Sholi Dhar), Tank (Cholli Chanda Khad), Bawadi (Sarivan Karval) and Chabutra (Mandir roti dhar). 12. PREPARATION OF DPRS Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) Shimla has been assigned to prepare the Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the implementation the water shed project under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IMWP)

102 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 13. INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING It is proposed to carry out the following institutional based training and capacity building programmes in the first two years of the project period in order to equip various stakeholders to successfully participate and implement the project: First Year: 3. Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 4. Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees Second Year: 4. Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Diary Development, Candle Making, Vermi Compost Bee Keeping, and Small Restaurant etc. 5. Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs)

103 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 6. Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency 14. COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Sl. No Particulars Details Amount 1 Administrative Cost Rs. 5Years 23,46, Monitoring Rs. 3 years (2nd 3rd and 4th year) 2,34, Evaluation Rs. 3 years (3nd 4rd and 5th year) 2,34, Total 28,15, Rupees Twenty Eight Lakh, Fifteen Thousand and Two Hundred Only

104 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Budget for Preparatory Phase Sl. No Particulars Details Amount First Year A Preparation of DPR 2,34, B Entry Point Activities 9,38, C Institutional and Capacity Building 1 Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 2 Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees Second Year 3 Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Fisheries, Diary Development, Wool Processing, Sheep Rearing, Bee Keeping, Small Restaurant 50 Rs Rs Rs. 9, ,50, ,00, ,73, Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) 50 Rs ,50, Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency 20 Rs ,00, Total Institutional and Capacity Building 11,73, Total 23,46, Rupees Twenty Three Lakh Forty Six Thousand Only

105 SWOT Analysis of Cheog Micro-Watershed of Cheog Panchayat Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Higher rate of Peas, Potato production Good Apple production Favourable environment to raise goats and sheep 400 households engaged in Animal Husbandry activities. Regular water availability through the main drainage No land less households. People are doing some Micro- Enterprises in an unorganized way People having the basic skills like Handloom, Carpet Weaving at the watershed area. Lack of irrigation, marketing, storage facilities Lack of good quality fodder availability Lack of advanced cattle breed Low level of milk production Lack of knowledge base regarding scientific cattle management Prevalence of Soil erosion No heavy water storage body present. No such organized micro-enterprise activities existing in the area Lack of and technical and management skills If provided with proper irrigation considerable increase in agriculture production can be assured Promotion of Organic Farming Interest of the villagers to expand horticulture activities Providing training on dairy farming Promotion of nursery raising and pasture development Rapid Climate Change Animal Diseases Lack of awareness of Dairy farming as a commercial activity Due to adverse weather conditions the normal working days are less

106 SYNOPSIS: 1564 Ha. Cheog Nalla (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Cheog Panchayat Activity Area Covered No. of House Hold (H.H) Watershed Works: Crate Wire Gully Plug Irrigation tank Water Pond Check dam CCT Bench Terracing 350 Ha. 95 Ha. 4 ha 1 Ha. 50ha Whole Village 160 H.H 260 H.H 227 H.H 326 H.H 250 H.H 150 H.H Amount(Rs.) Micro Enterprises (Non BPL): Milk processing Innovation Fund (For innovation purpose during implementation) Restaurant Bamboo nursery Fruit processing Bee Keeping Livelihood (BPL): Dairy Farming Fodder Nursery Raising Horti Collection Centre Sewing center Vermi Compost Bio gas unit Bee Keeping 433 H.H 04 H.H 433 H.H 50 H.H 20 H.H 23 H.H 03 H.H 05 H.H 01 H.H 13 H.H 01 H.H 16 H.H Agriculture/Horticulture/Animal Husbandry : Horticulture Expansion Fodder seed distribution Fodder plant distribution Pasture Development 330 H.H 260 H.H 260 H.H

107 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP WATERSHED WORK PHASE Watershed Works Phase is considered as the heart of the programme in which all the activities as per DPR will be implemented. The Work Phase is further divided as per sectors as follows: 8. Agriculture /Horticulture Development 9. Animal Husbandry 10. Development of Common Property resources 11. Natural Resource Management 12. Farm Based Micro Enterprises 13. Production Systems and Micro Enterprise Development 14. Livelihood Enhancement for BPL Families

108 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP XI. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT 15. AGRICULTURE At Cheog Nalla watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Most of the agriculture is rain fed in nature whereas at some places the people have developed irrigation facilities by way of construction of irrigation channels etc Existing Crop Production Wheat Jo Barley Pulses Vegetable Total Vegetables Production at Cheog

109 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Name of the crop Production % of total vegetable (in Kg/year) production Cabbage Cauliflower Peas Beans Tomatoes Potatoes Total Existing farm practices The major crops cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Pulses,Barley and Vegetables etc.at present the crops are produced on the terraced farms as most of the land available is sloppy in nature whereas some patches of land have moderate slope. The farmers rely on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Desi ploughs are used for farm tilling and the weeding operations are done by hand. The area has wider scope for the use of modern techniques and improved tilling practices. It is proposed to introduce improved mould bold ploughs and even power tillers can be introduced in the beginning on pilot basis Cropping pattern Single cropping pattern is being used at present in the watershed area. But now they are looking for Mixed Cropping Pattern. The Peas, Cauliflower and Cabbage are also taken in the apple orchards. Wheat, Jo, and Barleyis also cultivated in the area. 16. HORTICULTURE At Cheog Nalla watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, Almond, and Nuts etc. Majority of the families in the Changmang Walling watershed area are engaged in Horticulture activities.

110 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Existing Crop Production Details of Crops (in Kg per year) Apples Pears Grapes Plum Chulli Kharmani Wall nut Cherry Almond Total As clear by the table above, horticulture is dominated by apples (96.34%). There is major role of honey bees in this production. The farmers practice bee keeping for pollination of the apple flowers. There are approximately 73,608 apple trees which produce6, 50,460 Kg s of Apple every year. An approximate number of 265Chulli trees are there in the watershed area where the production is 4,492Kg s every year. There are 353 Almond trees and the production is around 3090 Kg per year. The other horticulture produces in the area includes Pear, Grapes, Plum, Kharmani, etc Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers.

111 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Pear as well as Almond at present market conditions are fetching price which is as good as that of apple or even more. So it is proposed to bring more area under the horticulture produce which will also result in diversification. It is also proposed to distribute new good quality apple root stock to maintain the supply chain of the Apples Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. Crop diversification is also essential for economic sustainability. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. The activities to be undertaken are as follows: 3. Scientific Distribution of Pear, Almond, Nuts and Apple plants to Farmers 4. Horticulture Nursery Raising (included under Livelihood enhancement for BPL Families) 17. SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Nalla (canal) called Cheog Nalla flowing from the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and non-consumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. By way of this irrigation tank it is estimated that a good amount of land will be brought under irrigation facilities thereby increasing the cultivable area resulting in enhanced crop production as well as economic condition of the farmers.

112 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 18. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES The following are various activities proposed for the augmentation of Agriculture and Horticulture in the watershed area Activities 2. Horticulture Expansion: The plants of money fetching horticulture plant like almond, peer and apple will be supplied to all households in the villages to improve the economic condition of the farmers Costing Activity - Horticulture Expansion Funds with Line Departments - Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 1,28,000 Funds from IWMP 3,30,000 Total amount 3,30, Justification It has been reported by the community people during the PRA exercises that existing irrigation facilities are not good enough throughout the year. Therefore in order to provide uninterrupted irrigation facilities,irrigation tank and water pondisproposed under the Agriculture & Horticulture Development in the project. The activities aimed at irrigation will enhance the productivity and will cover irrigate more area which will pave way to bringing more area under agriculture production. The villagers expressed much enthusiasm towards expanding their horticulture activities. The watershed area holds good potential for horticulture activities. Hence it is important to promote and expand horticulture activities in the watershed area. 19. BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT

113 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP At present traditional farm technologies are being used by the farmers. The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is also common practices. Most of the farm operations are done manually and use of mechanical systems is very limited. There is a scope for the introduction of better technologies for the enhancement of farm production. The inputs like Vermi-Compost, Bio-Fertilizers etc. have definite potential for the enhancement of crop production as well improvement in the health of the soil. Introduction of improved ploughs, seed cum fertilizer drills, and seed drills will definitely add to crop production as well as reducing labour drudgery. 20. AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES It is expected that due to increased irrigation facilities more area is brought under production of pulses thereby can be sold outside at larger quantities enhancing the income level of the farmers. Similarly due to increased irrigation facilities other crops will also be available with the farmers for selling. Expected Estimated Enhancement in Crop Production - Agriculture Sl. No Crop Current Area Current production (Kg) Area after Expansion Expected Production (Kg) 1 Wheat Jo Pulses Vegetables ha 209ha

114 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 21. EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE It is expected that due to increase in horticulture plantation area, the production will go up fetching more money in the hands of the farmers which will add to the other allied economic activities. With the introduction of new root stock of apple the farmers will be less susceptible to losses due to the crop failure due to disease. It is also proposed to diversify horticulture activity by way of bringing more area under pear and almond and Nuts production. The expansion of Horticulture in the area will directly increase the income levels of all the households engaged in horticulture activities. There will be a significant increase in the area covered under horticulture. The horticulture expansion will be made sure by the increase in the irrigation facilities in the watershed area. Expected increase in the Production of Horticulture in Kg per year Sl. No Crop Current Area Current production (Kg) Area after Expansion Expected Production (Kg) 1 Apple ha Pears ha Plum Dry Fruits ha ha ha Pears Production at Cheog

115 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 22. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Horticulture and Agriculture both are the major economic activity in the watershed area. Horticulture produces like Apple, Grapes, Pear, and Dry Fruits etc are being produced in large scale. And agriculture produces like Cabbage, Cauliflower, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being produced in for self-consumption and to meet outside demands in some extend Existing Marketing arrangements In general the agriculture produce like Cabbage, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being sold in the local market and few transport to the outside market like, Delhi etc. The horticulture produces are being transported to markets like Shimla, Chandigarh, and Delhi by road. People join together and hire trucks and send their produce to the above mentioned markets. And sometimes they sold their produces in the local mandi (Market), where the buyers are coming from different states. 60% of the horticulture produce is being sent to outside markets for sale. Activity Self- Consumption Local Market Sales External Market Sales Market Means of Transport Agriculture 40% 15% 45% Shimla, Delhi Local Contractors Horticulture 4% 16% 80% Shimla, Chandigarh, Delhi, Truck Loads, sometimes buyers from different states. 23. PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Agri-Horti Collection Centre: It is proposed to construct an agriculture/horticulture product collection and storage centre in order to enable a good marketing system in the watershed area.

116 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP To promote Public-Private-Community Partnership Model (PPCPEM) to set up linkages with the Big Shopping Malls and with the Big Hotels and with Food Processing Houses through Agri-Horti Collection Centre. Nursery Rising: It is proposed by the local people to start Nursery Rising in the watershed area. To setting up Nursery Rising is included under the component of Farm Based Micro Enterprise and also under the component of Livelihood Enhancement of BPL families. To setting up Agri-Horti Collection Centre is included under the component Livelihood enhancement of BPL Families. The concerned Panchayat Administration will construct the structure in the project area and the BPL user group will take care of the activities of the Agri-Horti Collection Centre. 24. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Agriculture Agricultural products are being practiced as a major livelihood option for the watershed population. 2 Horticulture Horticulture is the major livelihood activity of the villagers, which is dominated by apple cultivation and dry fruits. Sharp increase in the area under agriculture cultivation and increase the socio-economic status of the population in the watershed area. The cultivation area under horticulture production will be increased with diversification of crops and quality. It will also increase the economic status of the population. 3 Processing and Marketing Right now there is no structure marketing procedure for the products. Also there is no collection centre to store and gradation of the products. The marketing system will be strengthened, and linkage will be established with corporate houses and as a result of the collection centre available, which further prevents loss of products. And the farmers will get competitive price also.

117 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP XII. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 400, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat. 25. Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. As the demand for the fodder cannot be met from the locally available sources all the time, the villagers also buy fodder from the local vendors. Stall feeding is not a regular practice here. Stall feeding is being practiced only during the winters Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Presently there are ha of forest land and ha of permanent pasture lands in the area. The pasture lands are generally dry in nature and provide pasture only during the months from May to November. Forest Land is also totally dry and not a good source for fodder Livestock population The village has 516 cows, 9 goats, 212 Ox, 62Sheep, and 37 Horses. Majority of the cows are of Local breed. The per unit milk production is low in comparison to the other species of milch animals. Livestock Population in the Watershed Area Cows Buffaloes Ox Sheep Goat Horse Others TOTAL 516 (56.09%) 10 (1.09%) 212 (23.04%) 62 (6.74%) 9 (0.98%) 37 (4.02%) 74 (8.04%) 920 (100.00%)

118 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Livestock Population at Cheog Number of families Livestock Detail Cows Buffalo Others No of cows Breed Milk Production in ltr/day Buffalo Milk Production in ltr Ox Sheep Goat Horse Others Jersey Local Fodder Requirement The total daily fodder requirement of the watershed area accounts to kg s which includes 12126kg s of green fodder and kg s of dry fodder. Feed/Fodder Daily Requirement (Kg.) Green Fodder Dry Fodder Total 22263

119 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Green Fodder Availability at Cheog Status of green fodder available in a year The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside Average milk production per mulch cattle No. of Cows in the Area Total Daily Milk Production Average daily Milk production Per cow Ltrs Ltrs There are 516 cows in the watershed area with a production of2485 ltrs of milk per day. The average milk production per cow accounts to ltrs per cow Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land- It has been proposed to plant the fodder species called Banda (Viscum Album Linn (Loranthaceae)), a locally available fodder species which has been proved good for the nutrition of cattle.

120 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 26. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES As per the survey data conducted by the organization (IIRD) there are 400 families involved in livestock activities. So it is important to provide them with the facilities for fodder. All the families who are currently doing livestock activities will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will improve the economic condition of the community those are involved in Animal Husbandry activities Activities Pasture Development: 15 hectare of land will be covered under fodder production through community based pasture development. The activity is included under the component Development of Common Property Resources under the watershed project. Distribution of Fodder Seeds and Fodder Plants: All the households involved in livestock activities in the watershed area will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will help them to develop the required fodder in their own lands and attain self-sufficiency in fodder. They can make dry fodder out of it and store for the winter season Justification The unavailability of good quality fodder throughout the year is a major problem being faced by the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in the watershed area. It is important to address the lack of fodder availability in order to promote and expand the livestock activities in the area. Scarcity of fodder is making it difficult to carry on with cattle rearing in the watershed area. And people in the area have shown disinterest towards cattle rearing activities. As per the Himachal statistics the cattle population is on decline. Therefore it is very important to increase good quality fodder production and ensure fodder availability throughout the year. So it is proposed to carry out fodder plant and fodder seed distribution to all the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in order to address the lack of fodder availability in the watershed area.

121 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 27. NURSERY RAISING It is proposed to raise Nursery of the local fodder species which can adapt to the local prevailing conditions instead of bringing new varieties on trial basis. The Nursery raising activity is included under livelihood enhancement component of the BPL families and the activity will be carried out by a user group by raising various fodder plants which are feasible for the climatic and geographic conditions of the area Justification Fodder plants on one side can meet energy needs of the people during the winter season on the other side leaves of these plants are very good source of fodder. 28. EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER With the distribution of good quality seeds the production as well as locality of the fodder will increase. This will ensure availability of fodder throughout the year encouraging the farmers to take up animal husbandry activities to improve their living conditions. 29. EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION With the availability of quality fodder though out the year, the farmers will be motivated to take up the animal husbandry activities on a broader scale. This will also motivate them for rearing improved varieties of milch animals. The production of the local species is also expected to rise because of the availability of quality fodder. 30. Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Cattle Breed No. of Cows Local 205 Jersey 311 There are mainly two breeds of cattle i.e. local breed and jersey breed existing in the watershed area.

122 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification It is very important to promote the diversification of breeds in the area. Advanced breeds like Jerseyand other improved species are need to be promoted in the watershed area in order to enhance the milk production Existing status of Animal Management The prevailing present practices for the housing of animals are very traditional i.e. the cattle are housed in the ground floor of the residential houses. The animals are mostly left open to graze on the common village lands or the forest lands. The concept of stall feeding is yet not seen commonly in the village. There may be some instances of stall feeding which is being practiced during the winters Proposed Activities with justification It is proposed to introduce improved breed of cattle in the watershed area. As it is identified during the survey, the yield of the milk is very low. This is mainly due to non-availability of quality fodder as well as the milk yield of the local species is lower in comparison to the other advanced breed. The activity to introduce advanced cattle breeds will be considered under the Livelihood Enhancement of BPL Families component under the project as well as for the Non-BPL families also. 31. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Presently the milk production from the watershed area accounts to approximately 704 litres of milk per day. As on today there are no milk co-operatives operating in the village therefore no milk procurement systems are in existence in the village. It is observed from the discussions that the inhabitants does not consider dairy farming activity as a commercial activity rather than raising milch animals for fulfilling household dairy needs. So it is important to create awareness among the villagers about the potential of dairy farming as a commercial activity.

123 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Proposed Activities The following activities are proposed to enhance the livestock activities and production system in the watershed area. - Improved breeds like Jersey cows will be promoted in the water shed area - Distribution of fodder seed s and plants. - Milk production will be increased Skill Development The user groups newly formed in the area will be trained on livestock activity. The members will be trained on various aspects related to cattle rearing and dairy farming. The programme will be covered under Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) which is funded by the Dept. of Rural Development, Himachal Pradesh No. of families to be benefitted All the 400 families engaged in the area will be covered under the animal husbandry programme. 32. COSTING Activity -> Fodder Plant Distribution Fodder Seed Distribution Funds with Line Departments Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 11,000 7,000 Funds from IWMP 55,000 35, EXPECTED OUTCOMES The villagers will be able to attain self-sufficiency in fodder production through the supply of fodder plants and fodder seeds. The wastelands will be used for fodder and the vegetative cover of the area will be increased.

124 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 34. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1. Fodder Low availability, No cattle balanced fodder production, Not self-sufficient in fodder production 2. Cattle Management Low level of awareness and expertise in cattle management. 3 Milk Production Current Milk Production per cow is 4.81 litres per day. 4 Milk Marketing Milk Production is not anincome generation activity, only for selfconsumption. No milk co-operatives or SHG group. Increased availability of cattle balance fodder production, Selfsufficient in Fodder production. Increased awareness and expertise about cattle management. Milk production will be increased to 6 8 litres per cow as a result of increased fodder availability and balanced Food and scientific Technique. Milk production become a commercial activity,and the people will form a co-operative & SHG with the help of Govt. And access to the organized Markets.

125 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP XIII. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES 35. STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs Presently the Common Property Resources (CPRs) in the area are very less in number. The existing CPRs are developed by the Gram Panchayat and the Irrigation and Public Health (I& PH) Department. The existing CPRs consist of only ten irrigation tanks, 11 channels by the Gram Panchayat and 36 Public Water Taps by the Irrigation and Public Health Department. These CPRs are being maintained and managed by the respective Gram Panchayat and I&PH Department. People collect drinking water from the Public Water Taps depending upon availability. Existing CPRs in the watershed area Irrigation Tanks Channel Public Water Taps PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION The following activities are proposed for the development of common property resources in the area: Pasture Development: The purpose of Pasture Development is for ensuring availability of fodder. An area of 5 hectare of community land will be converted as pasture land. This activity will be carried out by the Cheog Panchayat Administration. Irrigation Tanks: The irrigation tanks were proposed by the community in order to meet the water needs for drinking and irrigation. Nineteen Irrigation water tanks are proposed to construct in the watershed area. Water Pond: Twelve water ponds will be set up in the proposed watershed area.

126 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 37. COSTING Activity Pasture Development Irrigation Tank Water Pond Funds with Line Departments (Rs.) 1,23, ,13, Beneficiary Contribution (Rs.) for WDF Funds from IWMP (Rs.)- 4,50, ,85, ,26, Total Cost (Rs.) 4,50, ,09, ,40, Expected Outcomes The irrigation tank and water pond will address the lack of irrigation problems being faced by the farmers. The irrigation tanks and water pond will enhance the agriculture and horticulture production by expanding the irrigation facilities of the watershed area. This will increase the agriculture and horticulture productivity of the watershed area. The unused community land will be used for fodder plantation. This will address the gaps in fodder production in the watershed area. The households engaged in cattle rearing and other livestock activities will be benefited from this. The fodder problem of the water shed area will be addressed properly. 39.Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Fodder Availability There is not enough good quality fodder available in the watershed area throughout the area. 2 Irrigation No irrigation systems prevalent in the water shed area at present The households who practice animal husbandry will be able to meet the fodder requirement locally throughout the year. All the cultivated lands will be covered under the new irrigation Tank.

127 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP XIV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 40. Existing Status Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked. 41. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities In order to address the issues the following activities to manage and preserve the Natural Resources are proposed: Crate Wire: The crate wires are proposed to check landslides and soil erosion in the watershed area. The treatment will be made with bio-engineering measures. Bench Terracing and CCT: As most of the available land is on the slopes and problem of soil erosion is prevalent. Therefore in order to check erosion of the soil, bench terraces are proposed. Check Dam: Check Dam is being constructed for rain water harvesting. Gully Plug: Gully Plug is being constructed to check soil erosion. Effect of Soil Erosion at Cheog

128 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP No. of Households to be benefitted: All the activities proposed will benefit all the households in the watershed area. The proposed activities will preserve the natural resources in the watershed area and ensure the preservation of their livelihoods. 42. COSTING Activity Crate Wire-1 (Pav Nala) Create Wire-2 (Chiog Bajar) Bench Terraching Funds with Line Departments (Dept. of RD through MNREGA) 2 nd Year rd Year th Year (Dept. of RD through MNREGA) 2 nd Year rd Year th Year (Dept. of RD through MNREGA) 2 nd Year rd Year th Year Total Funds from Line Departments -(A) 4, , ,01, Beneficiary Contribution Year Wise Distribution of Funds from IWMP 2 nd Year rd Year th Year nd Year rd Year th Year nd Year rd Year th Year Total Funds from IWMP (B) 16,96, ,51, ,55, Total Cost (A) + (B) 17,00, ,71, ,57,188.38

129 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 43. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 2 Soil Erosion and Landslides and Rain water harvesting: Soil erosion is very prevalent in the watershed area. The soil erosion will be checked through the creation of Crate Wire. Rain water harvesting can be done by Check Dam.

130 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP XV. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES 44. CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition, packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Horticulture Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Fodder Nursery Rising can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area. 45. SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES Horticulture Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising can be a good livelihood option for the local people. These activities are proposed for the BPL families. 46. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Horticulture Nursery Rising 2 Pasture Nursery Rising Activity being practiced not in a systematic manner. At present, sufficient pasture land is not available in the watershed area. Nursery Rising will be carried out in an organized way and it will improve the economic condition of the people under the watershed area. Pasture Nursery Rising will be carried out in an organized way and it will improve the economic condition of the people under the water shed area. 3 Bee Keeping Activity being practiced not in a systematic manner. 4 Vermi Compost Vermi Compost is not practiced here, and the knowledge base of the community regarding Organic Farming is not sufficient. Bee Keeping will be carried out in an organized way and it will increase the income level of the community. Vermi Compost will be carried out in a planned manner and income level will be increase. Community will get knowledge about organic farming. Over time more people will go for organic farming in the watershed area.

131 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP XVI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT 47. CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES Micro Enterprise Development (MED) is a proven way to strengthen viable, small business resulting in increased household income and savings, and this alleviating the crunch of poverty. Micro Enterprises plays a critical role in the local development of any area. 48. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities These are the various activities proposed under the Micro Enterprise Development Bee Keeping: Twenty (20) families will be allotted with the activity to carry out Dairy Farming. Restaurant: Four (4) families will be allotted with the activity to carry out handloom manufacturing activities after formation of one user group. Bamboo Nursery: Fifty (50) families will be allotted with the activity to carry out Bamboo Nursery Beneficiaries Sr. No Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary contribution Fund from Line departments Total Cost from IWMP 1 Fruit processing Milk processing Bee keeping Restaurant 4 families Bamboo nursery 50(Please see Annexure) Innovation Fund** TOTAL 5,18,000 3,15,000 7,39,800 ** Innovation fund will be utilized for any new technology or intervention arising during the period of implementation.

132 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Justification This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own.it will increase the income levels of the people. Processing units of fruit and milk will be owned by the Panchayat. Before the establishment, the Panchayat must be trained about the technical and managerial know how of the same. For this purpose, DIC can provide good resources. For the activities like horticulture expansion, plantation and nursery, fund from MNREGA can be utilized. Other cost intensive intervention which involves 40% contribution of beneficiaries, the names of the beneficiaries mentioned in the groups will be subjected to alteration depending on their initiative and interest. 49. EXPECTED OUTCOMES The micro enterprises development activities proposed can bring significant changes in the watershed area. The Micro Enterprise will be leading the community to be self-reliant and live with dignity. Outcome Indicators Operation of organized fruit processing industry in the watershed area. It will leads towards cluster development. Operation of organized milk processing industry in the watershed area. It will increase the economic condition of the people. Milk production will be increase in the watershed area. Existence of organized Bee Keeping unit. Improve in quality-of-life of the local people in the watershed area.

133 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP VII.MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT OF BPL FAMILIES 50. BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) As per the survey conducted by the organization there are 99 BPL families in the watershed area. The land holding status of the BPL families are as follows- Small Farmers (land less than 5 Bigha) - 26 Marginal Farmers (between 6-25 Bigha) - 52 Medium Framers - 16 Big farmers AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION As per the survey conducted by the organisation there are no agricultural labourer s in the watershed area Present landless households and their livelihoods Presently there are no landless households in the area as per the baseline survey carried out by the organization Existing status of livelihood All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. And very few are meeting their livelihood needs from animal husbandry. But it is important to note that these families land holdings are very small and at the same time the numbers of cattle s are also less. A few of them are doing some work on daily wage basis to meet their daily needs Scope for additional income Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. It is observed and identified that there is a scope for the activities like pasture development in community lands, Horticulture Nursery Raising, Sheep Rearing, Dairy Farming, and Expansion of Horticulture in the watershed area.the small farmers can be assigned with the development of pasture in community lands. The

134 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP marginal farmers can be given the activity of horticulture expansion. Other families can be provided with activities like livestock expansion, bee keeping, Vermi compost, sheep rearing, and diary, nursery rising, handlooms, etc. 52. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Dairy Farming: Horticulture and Pasture Nursery Rising: Agri-Horti Collection Centre: Bee Keeping: Vermi Compost: Justification: For the time being, dairy farming is not considered as a commercial activity in the area. Considering the information that HP-MILKFED is planning to setup a Milk Processing plant in Shimla District, it is important to rejuvenate the dairy farming sector of the watershed area. Though large scale interventions are not possible, it is possible to create the trend towards commercialization of dairy farming of the area by assisting a group of a few to adopt dairy farming besides creating awareness among the villagers about the possibility of dairy farming as a commercial activity. Along with the distribution of cows, the skill development programmes, which will cover other villagers, will also take place. The pasture nursery raising activity will add to the solutions to increase the availability of fodder in the area and at the same time provide a livelihood option for the targeted BPL households. And at the same time the Horticulture nursery rising will add to the solution to increase supply chain of new horticulture plants in the watershed area and it will generate income for the targeted BPL families. Agriculture and Horticulture is two major activities here, over time they need to initiate Organic Farming practices in their region, Vermi Compost will be a good initiative towards their Organic Framing movement.

135 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Bee Keeping will be another sustainable livelihood option for the people in the watershed area. It will help them to improve their socio-economic status. The Agriculture / Horticulture product collection cum marketing centre will bring drastic change in the marketing system of the watershed area. At present they are facing problems related to storage. Most of the times, they keep the stock in the open air which will get damaged due to rain fall and stray cattle. So the storage cum marketing centre will strengthen the marketing system of the area and also prevent the product loss due to other factors. It will also increase the shelf-life of the products Beneficiaries and Costing S.N. Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary contribution Fund from Line departme nts Total Cost from IWMP 1 Dairy Farming 2 Vegetable and fruit collection center (Horti collection center) 1. Rita 12. Hirasingh 2. Radha 13. Nek ram 3. Kamla 14. Bansilal 4. Roshanlal 15. Shobram 5. Rajesh 16. Ramanand 6. Ramratan 17. Jeetsingh 7. Bishansingh 18. Devi singh 8. Lakshman 19. Krishna Singh 9. Gita ram 20. Sukh ram 10. Chandiyaram 21. Maina 11. Keshavram 22. Sita ram 23. Geeta User group 1 User Group 3 1. Sher Singh 1. Jeet Singh 2. Ramanand 2. Nekram 3. Nariya 3. Roshan 4. Shashikumar 4. Santram 5. Surendra 5. Rajesh User Group 2 User Group 4 1. LagatRam 1. MadanLal 2. Dharma 2. Deepram 3. Sukhram 3. Krishna Singh 4. Dilaram 4. Premlal 5. Chandra Prakash 5. Tulsiram User Group 5 1. Radha 2. Maniram

136 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 3 Nursery Raising 3. Manku 4. Maina 5. Ramanand 1. Ramanand 2. Sher Singh 3. Sita ram Bee Keeping 1. Lachhi ram 9. Shyam Singh 2. Surender 10. Sher Singh 3. Ram Krishna 11. Gita Ram 4. Shiv Ram 12. Shyam Singh 5. Rajesh 13. Ham Nand 6. Shiv Singh 14. Devi Singh 7. Sanjeev 15. Bishan Singh 8. Govind 16. Bansilal 5 Sewing 1. Rachna 8. Shakuntala center 2. Neha 9. Sauda 3. Shushma 10. Sunita D/O Kishan Singh 4. Usha 11. Anita 5. Nisha 12. Sarita 6. Sunita 13. Sangeeta 7. Sharda 14. Sunita D/O Deepu 6 Bio gas unit 1. Lachhiram Vermicompo 1. Shiv singh 7. Sanjeev st 2. Bharat singh 8. Geeta ram S/O Hasiya 3. Rakesh 9. Ramanand 4. Lakshiram 10. Hansraj 5. Surendra 11. Rajesh 6. Geeta ram S/O Mathku 12. Narayan singh 13. Ramkrishna Total EXPECTED OUTCOMES Upon the successful implementation of the livelihood enhancement programmes aimed at the empowerment of the BPL families in the watershed area, the BPL status of the families will be changed. This will positively impact the integrated development of the watershed area. The success of these initiatives will further encourage the households to undertake new initiatives by expanding their area of operation. All the 99 BPL households in the area will be directly benefited through the number of programmes. Indicators

137 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP The income levels of the BPL families will increase. The cottage industries will increase. Decrease in the number of BPL families in the area over time. The quality of life will increase. Increase in the quantity of milk production in the area. Establishment of Milk co-operation. The nurseries established in the area. It will increase the shelf-life of the products. Functioning of the collection and marketing centre and its usage. The farmers will get fare price for the products. Formation of Vermi Compost Unit in the watershed area. Capacity Building of the local people. Formation of Bee Keeping unit in the watershed area. It will lead towards cluster development. 54. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Intervention Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Interventions for BPL Families There are no specific interventions which are exclusively aimed at BPL Families of that area. The livelihood enhancement programmes under the IWMP will directly benefit all the BPL families in the area and bring remarkable changes in their standard of living by creating sustainable livelihoods options. 2 BPL Status At present there are 99 BPL families in the watershed area. The BPL status of the families will be improved and they are expected to attain the status of AP Lover time after the proper implementation of watersheds projects.

138 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 3 Marketing At present there are no storage and collection centre at the area. No linkages with the big houses for marketing of the products. 4 Vermi Compost Unit The farmers are not practices organic farming activities in an organized way. 5 Dairy Framing Dairy Framing is not practices in an organized way, most of the cows breed is local, and due to lack of balance food milk production is low. The new storage and collection centre will enhance the marketing activities in the watershed area and at the same time it will prevent crop loss. It will create linkages with the Private Companies through Public-privatecommunity partnership. Organic farming will be practices in an organized way in the watershed area. It will increase the fertility of the soil and the farmers will also get good price for their products. Dairy farming will be practices in an organized way, increase in the number of Jersy breed, and it will improve the socioeconomic condition of the people in the watershed area.

139 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE The main purpose of this phase is to create innovative nature-based, sustainable livelihoods and raise productivity levels of the augmented resources and local economic development plans developed during the Watershed Works Phase. The subsequent activities are planned to be carried out during this stage. 4. Documentation: It is proposed to document the activities carried out during the watershed implementation period. It will help to maintain the records and identify and propagate the successful activities carried out under the project. 5. Up-scaling of Successful Experiments: It is proposed to identify the best practices carried out during the project period and up-scaling the same as per feasibility and propagate the same among others members of the watershed area. 6. Evaluation: Evaluation is a very important activity to assess the success of Costing implementation of the project. It is proposed to carry out evaluation at the following levels. a. Social Audit: It is proposed to conduct the social audit of the programme at the watershed level where the Gram Sabha will evaluate the programme where the beneficiaries should explain their benefits and current status of the activity. The Watershed Committee should place the books of accounts of watershed programme for approval. b. Evaluation by External Agency: An external agency with experience in implementation and monitoring and evaluation of watershed projects should be assigned for the evaluation of the watershed programme. S.N. Activities Amount a Documentation and recording b Up scaling of Successful experiments c Training Total

140 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 140 XVII. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT Sectors Expected Outcomes Indicators Agriculture Improved irrigation Increment in gross irrigated area Enhancement in agriculture production Increment in quantity of agriculture produces Good Organic farming Number of functional vermi compost units Horticulture Enhancement in crop production Rise in quantity produced Natural resources Pasture land development Increment in pasture land area Improvement in water resources Physical existence of the water bodies Animal husbandry Dairy development Number of dairy farming units, milk processing and preservation center Improved Bee keeping practices Number of farmers with commercial production of honey Micro enterprises Development of BPL families Improvement in women s status Milk processing unit Honey and fruit processing and unit Better market facility Restaurants Improvement in economic status of BPL HHs Improvement in social status Increment in income of women and their institutions (SHGs) Physical existence of well-functioning milk processing unit Well-functioning honey and fruit processing units Number of well-functioning vegetable and fruit collection centers, milk and honey preservation units 4 well running restaurants Increment in the income of BPL families, BPL families will have ownership over the generated resources Sr. No Area increase in area under crops (Ha) Increase in production (Kg/Ha) Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention 1 Agriculture a Wheat b Jo c Pulses d Vegetables

141 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Horticulture , ,664 a Apple b Pears c Plum d Dry Fruits Animal Husbandry increase in no. of animals Increase in production per day Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention a Cow Milk (Lt.) B Horse Income /season(rs) c Goat Meat (kg) d Sheep 9 0 Wool (Kg) e Others Area under fodder crops (Ha) Availability of fodder (Q/year) 4 Fodder Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention Fodder grasses FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES No. of families benefited Pre intervention Post intervention a Bee Keeping 0 20 b Bamboo Nursery 0 50 c Fruit processing d Milk processing PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT b Restaurant 0 4

142 Sl. No. Survey No. Length / Units Sectio n (sqm) Additional earth work volume cum Earth Work Amoun t(rs.) Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 142 XVIII. BUDGETING 55. COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Name of the farmer/community Based Area (ha) Treatment Proposed Volume (sqm) Cost per unit/cum Total Cost Rs. Convergence with MNREGA Grant Total 1 Community Based Creat Wire-1 Pavnala Community Based Creat Wire-2 Chiog Bazar Community Based Gully Plug-1 (KatudiKhad) Community Based Gully Plug-2 (Mole kinali) Community Based Irrigation Tank-1 (Basnalli) Community Based Irrigation Tank-2 (Nasula)

143 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Community Based Irrigation Tank-3 (Vahani) Community Based Irrigation Tank-4 (Chadel) Community Based Irrigation Tank-5 (Kadhrav) Community Based Irrigation Tank-6 (SadogaKhad) Community Based Irrigation Tank-7 (Bharina) Community Based Irrigation Tank-8 (SherKhadrev) Community Based Irrigation Tank-9 (Karpal) Community Based Irrigation Tank-10 (Bagda) Community Based Irrigation Tank-11 (KarandiGhat) Community Based Irrigation Tank-12 (Upper Ghalau) Community Based Irrigation Tank-13 (Fagu Bawadi) Community Based Irrigation Tank-14 (Dhalachi)

144 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Community Based Irrigation Tank-15 (Bagda) Community Based Irrigation Tank-16 (Talai) Community Based Irrigation Tank-17 (Lohali) Community Based Irrigation Tank-18 (Khadi) Community Based Irrigation Tank-19 (Doren) Community Based Water Pond-1 (Chaina) Community Based Water Pond-2 (Sarivan) Community Based Water Pond-3 (Nalavet) Community Based Water Pond-4 (Vahani) Community Based Water Pond-5 (Near Nalavat) Community Based Water Pond-6 (Near Tungesh) Community Based Water Pond-7 (DabakaNala)

145 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Community Based Water Pond-8 (Near Tungesh) Community Based Water Pond-9 (Near Nalavet) Community Based Water Pond-10 (Damer) Community Based Water Pond-11 (Kapal) Community Based Water Pond-12 (Buddhi's house) Community Based Check Dam-1 (CholiKhad) Community Based Check Dam-2 (KatudiKhad) Community Based CCT-1 (Community) Community Based CCT-2 (Community) Community Based CCT-3 (Community) Community Based CCT-4 (Community) Community Based Bench Terracing Total

146 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES Units Average Rate Per Unit (Rs.) No of Beneficiaries (HH) Beneficiary Contribution Convergence Funds from IWMP Amount I LIVELIHOOD FOR BPL HHs ONLY a Dairy Farming b Fodder Nursery Raising c Horti Collection Centre d Sewing center e Vermi Compost f Bio gas unit g Bee Keeping Sub-Total II Micro Enterprise and other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development a Horticulture Expansion * Sub-Total Animal Husbandry a Fodder Seed b Fodder Plant Distribution C Pasture Development 15 Ha Sub-Total Micro-Enterprises a Milk processing and preservation unit b Restaurant c Fruit processing unit d Bamboo nursery g Bee Keeping e Innovation fund** Sub-Total GRAND TOTAL

147 57. TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Sl. No Particulars IWMP Amount (Rs.) 1 GENERAL a Ad. Cost b Monitoring c Evaluation Total PREPARATORY PHASE a EPA b Institutional & Capacity Building c DPR Total BENEFICIARY CONTRIBUTION For WDF CONVERGENCE 3 WATERSHED WORKS PHASE WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Creat Wire-1 Pavnala Creat Wire-2 Chiog Bazar Gully Plug-1 (KatudiKhad) Gully Plug-2 (Mole kinali) Irrigation Tank-1 (Basnalli) Irrigation Tank-2 (Nasula) Irrigation Tank-3 (Vahani) Irrigation Tank-4 (Chadel) Irrigation Tank-5 (Kadhrav) Irrigation Tank-6 (SadogaKhad) Irrigation Tank-7 (Bharina) Irrigation Tank-8 (SherKhadrev) Irrigation Tank-9 (Karpal) Irrigation Tank-10 (Bagda) Irrigation Tank-11 (KarandiGhat) Irrigation Tank-12 (Upper Ghalau) Irrigation Tank-13 (Fagu Bawadi) Irrigation Tank-14 (Dhalachi) Irrigation Tank-15 (Bagda) Irrigation Tank-16 (Talai) Irrigation Tank-17 (Lohali) Irrigation Tank-18 (Khadi) Irrigation Tank-19 (Doren) Water Pond-1 (Chaina) Water Pond-2 (Sarivan) Water Pond-3 (Nalavet) Water Pond-4 (Vahani) Water Pond-5 (Near Nalavat)

148 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP I 29 Water Pond-6 (Near Tungesh) Water Pond-7 (DabakaNala) Water Pond-8 (Near Tungesh) Water Pond-9 (Near Nalavet) Water Pond-10 (Damer) Water Pond-11 (Kapal) Water Pond-12 (Buddhi's house) Check Dam-1 (CholiKhad) Check Dam-2 (KatudiKhad) CCT-1 (Community) CCT-2 (Community) CCT-3 (Community) CCT-4 (Community) Bench Terracing Total LIVELIHOOD FOR BPL HHs ONLY a Dairy Farming b Fodder Nursery Raising c Horti Collection Centre d Sewing center e Vermi Compost f Bio gas unit g Bee Keeping Sub-Total II Micro Enterprise and other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development a Horticulture Expansion * Sub-Total Animal Husbandry a Fodder Seed

149 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP b Fodder Plant Distribution C Pasture Development Sub-Total a 3 Micro-Enterprises Milk processing and preservation b Restaurant c Fruit processing unit d Bamboo nursery e Bee keeping f Innovation fund Sub-Total TOTAL Consolidation phase a Documentation and recording b Up scaling of Successful experiments c Training Total GRAND TOTAL Proposed Final Budget Sr. No Particulars Amount (Rs.) (Figures) 1 Total Funds from IWMP 2,34,60, Beneficiary Contribution 6,82, Proposed Convergence 17,39, Total Project Cost 2,58,81, Amount (Rs.) (Words) Rupees Two Caror Thirty Four Lakh Sixty Thousand Only Rupees Six Lakh Eighty Two Thousand Only Rupees Seventeen Lakh Thirty Nine Thousand Two Hundred and Sixty Two Paisa Twenty Only. Rupees Two Caror Fifty Eight lakh Eighty One Thousand Two Hundred and Sixty Two, Paisa Twenty Only Per Hectare Expenditure from IWMP - 14,999.99

150 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP ACTION PLAN

151 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 151 XIX. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE PREPARATORY PHASE SR.NO WORK COMPONENT a EPA b DPR c Institutional & Capacity Building WATERSHED WORKS PHASE 1 st Year YEAR - 2 YEAR - 3 YEAR A B C D E F G a b c d e f WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Creat Wire Gully Plug Irrigation Tank Water Pond Check Dam CCT Bench Terracing LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES Dairy Farming Fodder Nursery Raising Horti Collection Centre Sewing center Vermi Compost Bio gas unit

152 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 152 g II 1 a Bee Keeping Micro Enterprise and other related activities Agriculture/Horticulture development Horticulture Expansion 2 Animal husbandry a b C Fodder Seed Fodder Plant Distribution Pasture Development 3 Micro-Enterprises a b c d e Milk processing Unit Restaurant Fruit processing unit Bamboo nursery raising Bee Keeping CONSOLIDATION PHASE a b c Activity Up-scaling of Successful Experiments Training YEAR Documentation YEAR - 3 YEAR - 4 YEAR # # # # # # # # # Evaluation

153 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP XX. ANNEXURE 60. Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Sl. Particulars EXISTING RATES SSR Final Rates Reference Labour Material Total 1 Earthwork in loose and sandy soils and partially ploughed soils NFB, RFB a) Earth excavation per cum 20 GO 486 para b) Sectioning & trimming per cum Total Earthwork in ordinary soil CB, CCT, SCT a) Earth excavation per cum 27 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) Breaking of clods with 2 trimmng and sectioning per cum Total Earthwork in hard soil WAT a) Earth excavation per cum 34 GO 146 costs of watershed b) Breaking of clods with trimming and sectioning per cum items- para Total Earthwork for farm pond

154 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP a) upto depth of 0.75 m per cum 28 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) depth from 0.75 m to 2 m per cum 39 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para d) Trimming and sectioning 4a Earthwork for MPT/ PT a) excavation depth of 0.75 m per cum 60 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) excavation depth of 0.75 m to 2 m per cum GO 146 costs of watershed items- para c) Bund formation, tamping and sectioning upto initial 30 m GO 146 costs of watershed items- para Stripping Key trench excavation (max - 0.5) and filling with suitable soil GO 146 costs of watershed items- para -2 5 Stone rivetment - outside stone (per cum) 328 GO 146 para 5, Stone rivetment - local stone 267 GO 146 para 5,

155 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 7 Stone work with stone form outside per cum (per cum) 8 Stone work with locally available stone per cum 328 GO 146 para 5, GO 146 para 5, Contour stone bund (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 10 Farm bunding with stone revetment (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 160/rmt 11 Stone Outlet per unit 308 GO 146 para 5, 7 12 Pipe Outlet /Unit AF (block) Pitting and refilling - per 4 plant Planting material - per plant /rmt Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF (bund) Planting material - per 4 plant 5 5 Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF(seeding) per kg Grass seeding per kg Agave slips in Nos Dryland Horticulture (DH) - per plant 19 Dryland Horticulture with pitcher - per plant

156 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 20 Agro-horticulture(AH) - per plant 21 Community pasture land (CPL) /ha 22 Vermicompost demo unit in Nos. 23 Non Pesticidal Management (NPM) per acre ANNEXURE List of SC beneficiaries Sh. Ramesh Kumar Sh. Budhhi Ram Sh. Balak RAM Sh. Geeta Ram Sh. Mathu Ram Sh. Hira Mani Sharma Sh. Bhup Ram Sh. Ratti Ram Sh. Kesar Singh Sh. VedParkash Sh. Ram lal Sh. RoshanLal Sh. Parma Nand Sh. Ramanand Sh. Tulsi Ram Smt. Sanro Devi Sh. Mohan Lal Sh. Ram Singh Smt. Sarson Devi Sh. Narayan Singh Jagat Singh Thakur Sh. LeeiaNand Sh. Mohan Lal Sh. Sohan Singh Sh. Kali Dass Sh. Dahrma Sh. RoshanLal Sh. LokaNand Sh. Jagat Ram Sh. ManoharLal Sh. RaghawaNand Sh. Naria Ram Sh. Mohan Lal Sh. Indar Sin gh Sh. Nirma Sh. Bhup Ram Sh. Gorakh Ram Sh. Langhu Ram Sh. Ramesh Sh.Budhiya Singh Smt. Sonu Sh. Rajesh Kumar Sh. Jamnu Ram Smt. Balno Sh. Govind Singh Sh. Roop Singh Sh. Ramanand Singh Smt. Radha Smt. Sunfa Devi Sh. Udi Ram Sh. Mani RAM Sh. Rajendar Singh Sh. Inder Singh Sh. KundanLal Sh. Chhagu Ram Sh. Hari Chand Sh. PremLal Sh. Geeta Ram Sh. Haridas Sh. Atma Ram Sh. Bhup Ram Non BPL Beekeeping Groups Group 1 Group 2 Sh. IshwarLal Sh. Gulab Singh Sh. Laxmi Singh Sh. Achhar Singh Sh. Sohan Singh Sh. IshvarLal Sh. Jogendar Singh Sh. Ashok Kumar Sh. Lok Singh Sh. DharmDass Sh. Mohan Lal Smt. Roshni Sh. Heera Singh SMT. Santosh

157 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP Sh. Shiv Ram Sh. Nirma Sh. Beli Ram Sh. Ravender Kumar Sh. Rajender Singh Sh. Sureh List of Beneficiary under Bamboo nursery raising program Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Sh. Vikarm Singh Sh. Shiv Singh Sh. Ramesh Ravat SMT. Sunita SMT. Santosh sh. Anant Ram Sh. Rameshwar Sh. Budhhi Ram Sh. Lachhi Ram Sh. Surender Thakur Singh Sh. IshawarDutt Sh. Anokhi Ram Smt. Sulochna SH. Prem Singh Sh. Sai Ram sh. Dyanand Sh. Layak Ram Sh. Hari Chand Sh. Harish SMT Shakuntala Sh. Achhar mal Thakur Sh. Ram Lal Sh. IshwarLal Sh. Ram Sh. Layak Ram Sh. Bhagat Singh Sh. Hira Singh Sh. Narayan Singh Sh. Mansa Ram Sh. Ramanand Sh. Sohan Singh Sh. Nanti Ram Sh.Chet Ram Sh. Geeta Ram Sh. TikamDass Sh. Shiv RAM Sh. Nanti Ram Sh. Ram Krishan Sh. Ratti Ram Sh.Lachmi Ram Sh. Rajendar Singh SmtMathi Devi Sh. Karm Singh Sh. Devi Ram Sh. Saligram Sh. Jagdish Sh. Subhash Sh. Kalyan.Singh Sh. Shiv Ram Sh. Shayam Singh

158 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Cheog Nalla Watershed under IWMP 61. Design and Estimate of Watershed Works

159 62. PRA Diagram s

160 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 63.

161 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP

162 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP

163 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 4. Watershed Maps

164 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP DETAILED PROJECT REPORT Dadas Micro-Watershed of Theog Block, District Shimla (H.P.) Under IWMP Submitted to, The Chief Executive Officer State Level Nodal Agency Department of Rural Development, H.P

165 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Prepared by, Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute Bye Pass Road, Shanan, Sanjauli, Shimla 6 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS WATERSHED AT A GLANCE Executive Summary INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROJECT BACKGROUND OF THE AREA Geographical Characteristics Climate Soil Population Classification Land use Pattern The Watershed Area Land Holdings Livestock Population 179 METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION SECONDARY DATA

166 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Participation of Gram Sabha, Dadas USAGE OF DATA PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA PREPARATORY PHASE ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES PREPARATION OF DPRS INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Budget for Preparatory Phase 185 SWOT Analysis SYNOPSIS: 574 Ha. Dadas (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Dadas Panchayat WATERSHED WORK PHASE I. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE Existing Crop Production Existing farm practices Cropping pattern HORTICULTURE Existing Crop Production Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Costing Justification BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing arrangements PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS

167 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 10. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS II. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Livestock population Fodder Requirement Status of green fodder available in a year Average milk production per mulch cattle Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Justification NURSERY RAISING Justification EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification Existing status of Animal Management Proposed Activities with justification MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Proposed Activities Skill Development No. of families to be benefitted COSTING EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS III. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs 204

168 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 2. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION COSTING Expected Outcomes Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status IV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Existing Status PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities No. of Households to be benefitted: COSTING PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS V. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES Costing PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS VI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Beneficiaries Justification EXPECTED OUTCOMES BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION Present landless households and their livelihoods Existing status of livelihood Scope for additional income PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Beneficiaries and Costing EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS

169 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP VIII. CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE IX. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT X. BUDGETING COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Proposed Final Budget ACTION PLAN XI. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE XII. ANNEXURE Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Design and Estimate of Watershed Works PRADiagrams Watershed Maps... ABBREVIATIONS

170 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP IWMP - Integrated Watershed Management Programme I&PH - Irrigation and Public Health WDF - Watershed Development Fund NPK - Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium GP - Gram Panchayat AF - Afforestation GT - Grass land with Trees GS - Grass Seed CCT - Continues Contour Trench SCT - Staggered Contour Trench AH - Agro Horticulture CP - Compost Pit DH - Dray land Horticulture S.CPCT - Strengthening of Continues Peripheral Contour Trench CPL - Community Pasture Land MPT - Mini Percolation Tank PT - Percolation Tank NPM - Non Pesticidal Management MN - Micro Nutrients EPA - Entry Point Activity UG - User Group D1 - Very Shallow (0.15) D2 - Shallow (0.30) D3 - Moderately deep (0.45) D4 - Deep (more than 5) E1 - Sheet erosion E2 - Rill erosion E3 - Small Gullied Erosion E4 - Deep Gullied Erosion S1 - Slope (15% -20%) S2 - Slope (20% -25%) S3 - Slope (30% -35%) WATERSHED AT A GLANCE General Information

171 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 1 Name of the watershed Daddas 2. Name of the Block Theog 3. Name of the District Shimla 4. Geographical Area of the Watershed 385 ha 5. Micro Watershed consist of Watershed and Watershed Codes 2c6c6A2a 6. Major Water Source Thunda Khad 7. River flowing nearby the watershed area Giri River 8. Livelihood Options Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Service Demography 6. Population 970 Persons 7. Number of Males Number of Females 482 Agriculture 9. Major Crops and Vegetables Jo, Barley, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Potato, Tomato, Peas. 10. Marketing Local and Theog Market Horticulture 11. Major Crops Apple, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, Chilgoja, Almond. 12. Marketing Local Mandi + Outstation (Chandigarh, Delhi) Animal Husbandry 13 Families involved in Animal Husbandry Livestock Cow, OX, Lamb, Goat. 15 Daily Milk Production 266 Litres Land Characteristics 16 Slope S3 25% - 30% 17 Erosion E4 Severe Gully Erosion Soil Characteristics 18 Soil Depth D PH N P K Executive Summary: Daddas Micro-Watershed of Daddas Panchayat

172 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attach locally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Dadas located in Theog Block of Shimla district. In the north direction there is very steep slope hills, in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located. The project area is located between Longitude 31 4' 0.69" N and Lattitude 77 19' 42.99" E.As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Dadas watershed project has a total 221 households with a population of 970 souls, out of which 488 are male and 482 are female. From this data it emerges that there is a healthy sex ratio as the female population is greater than male population. 52 BPL families reside in the watershed area. The average size of the family is 4.38 persons per household. The net geographical area of Dadas Panchayat is about 385 ha out of which 06 ha is forest area. As per the survey conducted by the organization for Dadas watershed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). At Dadas watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. At Dadas watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Chilgoja, Kharmani, Almond, Nuts and Grapes etc. At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, one irrigation tank is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of

173 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. It is proposed to build irrigation Tank at Goldan Chaieskar area of the water shed. Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 192, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Ox, Lamb, Mule, Yak, Horse, Goat, and Ass. In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season where as due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside. It is observed that the major reason for the low level of milk production is result of the cattle breed existing in the village. Majority of the cattle population (58%) in the watershed area are of local breeds. It is very important to promote the diversification of breeds in the area. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides due to the movement of glaciers. Due to the glacier melt all of a sudden and movement of glaciers the downstream areas sometimes get flooded causing loss of life and property. There is a need for the conservation and protection of the areas which have suffered due to the movement of glaciers. The crate wires are proposed to check landslides and soil erosion because of the movement of glaciers. As most of the available land is on the slopes and problem of soil erosion is prevalent. Therefore in order to check erosion of the soil, bench terraces are proposed. There are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition, packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. Horticulture is the major livelihood activity in the watershed area. Bee Keeping, as an activity has the potential to emerge as a major subsidiary activity of horticulture activities. Another major highlight of the activity is it only one time investment and the maintenance cost is also very low. The environment of the watershed area and the adjoining places indicates higher consumption of warm cloths. Therefore Handloom Manufacturing and Carpet Weaving are feasible activities to be carried out in the area while considering the availability of wool and other raw materials. These products can be marketed locally as well as regionally through the available marketing channels and setting up of small cooperatives. This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own. There are 61 BPL families in the watershed area. All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. It is

174 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Observed and identified that there is a scope for the activities like pasture development in community lands, Horticulture Nursery Raising, Sheep Rearing, Diary Farming, and Expansion of Horticulture in the watershed area. The small farmers can be assigned with the development of pasture in community lands. The BPL families will be provided with Cottage and Handloom activities. It will help them to enhance their income level in the limited space they make their living. Lamb rearing will be another livelihood option for the BPL families; they can supply the wool in the local Handloom unit and fetch good money. This project will cover the total rain-fed area identified in the watershed area. The livelihood options and income of all the BPL households will be enhanced once the project is properly implemented. The area under agriculture and horticulture and its productivity will be increased as a result of the increase in irrigation facilities and other activities aimed at expansion of the same. The lack of fodder availability will be addressed by the pasture development and nursery rising. Moreover the households practicing livestock activities will be benefited through the distribution of fodder seeds and fodder plants. The problems as a result of the movement of glaciers will be addressed through the construction of create wire structures and the soil erosion will be checked through bench terracing. The micro enterprises sector will be revived as a result of the implementation of the project. The number of working days will also be increased. INTRODUCTION 64. ABOUT THE PROJECT

175 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attach locally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. These objectives can be realized by conserving, protecting and restoring the ecological balance by developing natural resources and by preventing soil erosion, degradation of top soil cover, regeneration of natural vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the ground water table. The programme also gives specific importance to the productivity enhancement of agriculture/horticulture/animal husbandry activities and innovative sustainable livelihood development of the community. The activities for resource development and usage will be planned to promote farming and allied activities to promote local livelihoods while ensuring resource conservation and regeneration. A View of Gram Panchyat, Dadas 65. BACKGROUND OF THE AREA The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Dadas located in Theog Block of Shimla district. In the north direction there is very steep slope hills,in the south one

176 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located.the project area is located between Longitude 31 4' 0.69" N and Lattitude 77 19' 42.99" E. The watershed area liesin Three villages which are very near to the Dadas valley. The elevation of the watershed area is nearly 2405 m above the sea level Geographical Characteristics The entire watershed is extremely hilly with complex topography with an elevation upto 2405 m. The general slope is from North West to South East. The major physiographic units delineated are steep to very steep hill slopes, moderately steep to very steep hill slopes, hill terraces, hill slopes with pasture and hill slopes with forest cover. The relief is excessive and the watershed is drained by perennial streams. All local streams are merging in Giri River Climate Satellite view of Dadas Watershed

177 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP The climate of the project watershed area is characterized by cool and dry climate. Meteorologically, the year can be divided into three distinct seasons. Winter season sets in from the month of October and continues upto April, followed by summer season from May to June and Rainy Season from July to September. Temperature rises after April and the month of June is the hottest month of the year with mean daily maximum temperature going up to 23.0 o C. And by the end of October, there is a sharp decrease in temperature in the watershed area. The months of December, January and February are the coolest months of the year, with mean daily minimum temperature as low as -2 o C. The total annual rainfall is about 1456 mm per annum. The maximum precipitation is received in the months from January to March. About 55% of the precipitation is received during winter season. The average `humidity observed in the project area is about 50% apart from the monsoon months. Humidity is generally low from 35 to 54.2%. In monsoon months, humidity is more than 80% Soil The skeletal and calcareous soils occur on gently sloping to almost level valleys. The ph of soil at various sites lies within neutral range. The levels of NPK indicate moderate to high soil productivity. The sodium levels do not indicate any potential for soil Stalinization or adverse impacts on soil productivity Population Classification As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Dadas watershed project has a total 221 households with a population of 970souls, out of which 488 are male and 482 are female. From this data it emerges that there is a healthy sex ratio as the female population is greater than male population. 52 BPL families reside in the watershed area. The average size of the family is 4.38 persons per household. Sex No. of Persons Male 488 Female 482 Total 970

178 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Caste No. of Families SC 41 General 180 Total Land use Pattern The net geographical area of Dadas Panchayat is about 385 ha out of which 06 ha is forest area. About 82 ha of land are under agriculture which is completely rain-fed; mainly a Kharif crop is taken. Land under Agri/Horticulture usage Forest land Permanent Pasture Land Cultivable Land Waste Land Uncultivable & Land 82 ha ha 182 ha (As per land data records)

179 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP At the watershed area ha land is having some type of sources for irrigation, and 82 ha land under Agri/Horticulture usage. At the same time hectares are belongs to Fallow Land. Land under Agri + Horticulture usage in the watershed area Land with Irrigation sources Land without Irrigation sources 82 ha ha ha (As per survey) The Watershed Area The Dadas watershed consists of only three revenue villages namely Dadas having total area of hectares. This watershed envisages covering an area of 500 hectares falling in this village Land Holdings As per the survey conducted by the organization for Dadas Watershed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). There are 93 small famer households and 121 marginal farmer households in the area. There are 7 farm households with land holdings in between Bigha land. As per the information provided during the survey, there is no landless household in the area. Land less Small Farmer <5 Bigha Marginal Farmer 5-25 Bigha Medium Farmer Bigha Big Farmer >75 Bigha Livestock Population Apart from the agriculture / horticulture practices animal husbandry activities are also a major source of livelihoods in the area. The livestock in the village consists of 251 cows, 41

180 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Buffalo, 152 Ox, 10Lamb, 17 goats, and 09 Horses. There are 172 families those are engaged in Animal Husbandry activities in the water shed area. Number Livestock Detail of Cows Buffalo Others families No of Breed Milk Buffalo Milk Ox Sheep Goat Horse Lamb Mule cows Production in ltr/day Production in ltr Jersey Local

181 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP METHODOLOGY The following methodology was adopted for the preparation of DPR of Watershed Dadas. 66. DATA COLLECTION Primary Data e. Baseline Survey Door to Door baseline survey was carried out using structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the following areas. Demographic Information Socio Economic Information Agriculture / Horticulture Activities and its marketing Animal Husbandry activities and its marketing Fodder production and Availability Land use Water Availability Common Property Resources and Its usage The survey was carried out during f. Participatory Rural Appraisal Participatory Rural Appraisal was conducted on at the watershed level in order to assess the needs of the community. The following tools were used: vi. Mapping Social Mapping Resource Mapping Seasonality Calendar Service Inflow Outflow Proposed Works Mapping

182 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP vii. Transect Walk In order to identify the areas to be treated, proposed work sites and assess the feasibility, the experts carried out a reconnaissance survey through transect walk. The sites were marked and the different treatment measures required for the treatment of the area were also recommended. viii. Focus Group Discussions Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted in order to obtain community approved conclusions on various identified needs. It was helpful in complementing the assessments emerged from PRA and to derive the opinion of the community on various issues. 67. SECONDARY DATA Secondary data was collected from the Panchayat Records, Revenue Records and various line departments functioning in the watershed project area. Participation of Gram Sabha, Dadas

183 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 68. USAGE OF DATA The data, primary as well as secondary, which was obtained from the various authentic sources, was used in formulation of the local needs of the populace and also to plan the interventions required for the optimum utilization of the available resources in the watershed area. The due emphasis was given to plan the activities to fill in the existing gaps and to address the weak indicators. 69. PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA Data was analysed and based on the identified needs and problems in the watershed area a draft action plan was prepared and placed before the concerned Gram Sabha for approval. After detailed deliberations and incorporation of relevant suggestions into the plan, the action plan was got approved from the concerned Gram Sabha. PREPARATORY PHASE The Preparatory Phase of the Project will be the first year of the project. The major objective of this phase is to build appropriate mechanisms for adoption of participatory approach and empowerment of local institutions (WC, SHG, and UG). WDT will assume a facilitating role during this phase. In this phase, the main activities will include: 70. ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES The Gram Sabha has decided and passed resolution to construct an irrigation tank and 300 meters of irrigation channel considering the immediate need for irrigation systems in the watershed area. 71. PREPARATION OF DPRS Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) Shimla has been assigned to prepare the Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the implementation the water shed project under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IMWP)

184 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 72. INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING Second Year: 73. COSTING It is proposed to carry out the following institutional based training and capacity building programmes in the first two years of the project period in order to equip various stakeholders to successfully participate and implement the project: First Year: 5. Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 6. Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees 7. Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Fisheries, Diary Development, Wool Processing, Sheep Rearing, Bee Keeping, Small Restaurant 8. Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) 9. Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency Budget for Administrative Activities Sl. No Particulars Details Amount 1 Administrative Cost Rs. 5 Years Monitoring Rs. 3 years (2 nd 3 rd and 4 th year) 3 Evaluation 3rd Year 28,700 & 4 th Year 28,700 & 5 th Year 28,700 Total Rupees Ten Lakh Thirty Three Thousands Two Hundred Only

185 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Budget for Preparatory Phase Sl. No Particulars Amount First Year A Preparation of DPR B Entry Point Activities C Institutional and Capacity Building 1 Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 2 Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees Second Year 3 Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Diary Development, Bee Keeping, Small Restaurant etc Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency Sub-Total 4,30, Grand Total: 8,61, Rupees Eight Lakh Sixty One Thousands Only

186 SWOT Analysis of Daddas Micro-Watershed of Daddas Panchayat Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Higher rate of vegetable production Good Apple production Favourable environment to raise goats and sheep 172 households engaged in Animal Husbandry activities. Regular water availability through the main drainage No land less households. People are doing some Micro- Enterprises in an unorganized way Lack of irrigation, marketing, storage facilities Lack of good quality fodder availability Lack of advanced cattle breed Low level of milk production Lack of knowledge base regarding scientific cattle management Prevalence of Soil erosion No heavy water storage body present. No such organized micro-enterprise activities existing in the area Lack of and technical and management skills If provided with proper irrigation considerable increase in agriculture production can be assured Promotion of Organic Farming Interest of the villagers to expand horticulture activities Providing training on dairy farming Promotion of nursery raising and pasture development Rapid Climate Change Lack of awareness of Dairy farming as a commercial activity Due to adverse weather conditions the normal working days are less

187 SYNOPSIS: 574 Ha. Dadas (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Dadas Panchayat Activity Area Covered No. of House Hold (H.H) Watershed Works: Crate Wire Irrigation Tank Water Pond Check dam 50 ha 200 ha 200 ha 50ha Whole Village 160 H.H 250 H.H 110H.H Amount(Rs.) Micro Enterprises (Non BPL): Dairy Farming Bio gas plant Horti collection centre Bamboo nursery 40 H.H 01 H.H 03 H.H 05 H.H Livelihood (BPL): Dairy Farming Tools for artisans Vermi Compost Khumbh farming Bee Keeping Nursery raising 40 H.H 04 H.H 02 H.H 01 H.H 01 H.H 05 H.H Agriculture/Horticulture/Animal Husbandry : Horticulture Expansion Fodder seed distribution Fodder plant distribution Pasture Development 167 H.H 167 H.H 167 H.H

188 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP WATERSHED WORK PHASE Watershed Works Phase is considered as the heart of the programme in which all the activities as per DPR will be implemented. The Work Phase is further divided as per sectors as follows: 15. Agriculture /Horticulture Development 16. Animal Husbandry 17. Development of Common Property resources 18. Natural Resource Management 19. Farm Based Micro Enterprises 20. Production Systems and Micro Enterprise Development 21. Livelihood Enhancement for BPL Families

189 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP XXI. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT 74. AGRICULTURE At Dadas watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Most of the agriculture is rain fed in nature whereas at some places the people have developed irrigation facilities by way of construction of irrigation channels etc Existing Crop Production Wheat Jo Barley Pulses Vegetable Total % 0.82% 0.87% 1.53% 96.76% % Existing farm practices The major crops cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Pulses, Barley and Vegetables etc. At present the crops are produced on the terraced farms as most of the land available is sloppy

190 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP in nature whereas some patches of land have moderate slope. The farmers rely on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Desi ploughs are used for farm tilling and the weeding operations are done by hand. The area has wider scope for the use of modern techniques and improved tilling practices. It is proposed to introduce improved mould bold ploughs and even power tillers can be introduced in the beginning on pilot basis Cropping pattern Single cropping pattern is being used at present in the watershed area. But now they are looking for Mixed Cropping Pattern. The Peas, Cauliflower and Cabbage are also taken in the apple orchards. Wheat, Jo, and Barleyis also cultivated in the area. 75. HORTICULTURE At Dadas watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Chulli, Kharmani and Peaches etc Existing Crop Production Crops (Kg/year) Apples Pears Grapes Plum Chulli Kharmani Peaches Wall Total nut % 2.75% 0.00% 5.01% 4.13% 2.29% 0.03% 1.45% % As clear by the table above, horticulture is dominated by apples (84.34%). There is major role of honey bees in this production. The farmers practice bee keeping for pollination of the apple flowers.

191 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP There are approximately annual production is 57,130 Kg s of Apple every year. The other horticulture produces in the area includes Pear, Plum, Kharmani, etc Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. Pear as well as Almond at present market conditions are fetching price which is as good as that of apple or even more. So it is proposed to bring more area under the horticulture produce which will also result in diversification. It is also proposed to distribute new good quality apple root stock to maintain the supply chain of the Apples Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. Crop diversification is also essential for economic sustainability. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. The activities to be undertaken are as follows:

192 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 5. Scientific Distribution of Pear, Almond, Nuts and Apple plants to Farmers 6. Horticulture Nursery Raising (included under Livelihood enhancement for BPL Families) 76. SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Nalla (canal) called Daddas Nalla flowing from the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and non-consumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. By way of this irrigation tank it is estimated that a good amount of land will be brought under irrigation facilities thereby increasing the cultivable area resulting in enhanced crop production as well as economic condition of the farmers. 77. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES The following are various activities proposed for the augmentation of Agriculture and Horticulture in the watershed area Activities 3. Horticulture Expansion: The plants of money fetching horticulture plant like almond, peer and apple will be supplied to all households in the villages to improve the economic condition of the farmers Costing Activity - Horticulture Expansion Funds with Line Departments 30,000 Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 29,300 Funds from IWMP 83,500 Total amount 1,42,800

193 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Justification It has been reported by the community people during the PRA exercises that existing irrigation facilities are not good enough throughout the year. Therefore in order to provide uninterrupted irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is proposed under the Agriculture & Horticulture Development in the project. The activities aimed at irrigation will enhance the productivity and will cover irrigate more area which will pave way to bringing more area under agriculture production. The villagers expressed much enthusiasm towards expanding their horticulture activities. The watershed area holds good potential for horticulture activities. Hence it is important to promote and expand horticulture activities in the watershed area. 78. BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT At present traditional farm technologies are being used by the farmers. The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is also common practices. Most of the farm operations are done manually and use of mechanical systems is very limited. There is a scope for the introduction of better technologies for the enhancement of farm production. The inputs like Vermi-Compost, Bio-Fertilizers etc. have definite potential for the enhancement of crop production as well improvement in the health of the soil. Introduction of improved ploughs, seed cum fertilizer drills, and seed drills will definitely add to crop production as well as reducing labour drudgery. 79. AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES It is expected that due to increased irrigation facilities more area is brought under production of pulses thereby can be sold outside at larger quantities enhancing the income level of the farmers. Similarly due to increased irrigation facilities other crops will also be available with the farmers for selling.

194 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 80. EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE It is expected that due to increase in horticulture plantation area, the production will go up fetching more money in the hands of the farmers which will add to the other allied economic activities. With the introduction of new root stock of apple the farmers will be less susceptible to losses due to the crop failure due to disease. It is also proposed to diversify horticulture activity by way of bringing more area under pear and almond and Nuts production. The expansion of Horticulture in the area will directly increase the income levels of all the households engaged in horticulture activities. There will be a significant increase in the area covered under horticulture. The horticulture expansion will be made sure by the increase in the irrigation facilities in the watershed area. 81. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Horticulture and Agriculture both are the major economic activity in the watershed area. Horticulture produces like Apple, Pear, and Dry Fruits etc. are being produced in large scale. And agriculture produces like Cabbage, Cauliflower, Tomato and Peas are being produced in for self-consumption and to meet outside demands in large extend Existing Marketing arrangements In general the agriculture produce like Cabbage, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being sold in the local market and few transport to the outside market like, Delhi etc. The horticulture produces are being transported to markets like Shimla, Chandigarh, and Delhi by road. People join together and hire trucks and send their produce to the above mentioned markets. And sometimes they sold their produces in the local mandi (Market), where the buyers are coming from different states. 60% of the horticulture produce is being sent to outside markets for sale.

195 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Activity Self- Consumption Local Market Sales External Market Sales Market Means of Transport Agriculture 30% 10% 60% Shimla, Delhi Local Contractors Horticulture 4% 16% 80% Shimla, Chandigarh, Delhi, Truck Loads, sometimes buyers from different states. 82. PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Agri-Horti Collection Centre: It is proposed to construct an agriculture/horticulture product collection and storage centre in order to enable a good marketing system in the watershed area. To promote Public-Private-Community Partnership Model (PPCPEM) to set up linkages with the Big Shopping Malls and with the Big Hotels and with Food Processing Houses through Agri-Horti Collection Centre. Nursery Rising: It is proposed by the local people to start Nursery Rising in the watershed area. To setting up Nursery Rising is included under the component of Farm Based Micro Enterprise and also under the component of Livelihood Enhancement of BPL families. To setting up Agri-Horti Collection Centre is included under the component Livelihood enhancement of Non-BPL Families. The concerned Panchayat Administration will construct the structure in the project area and the Non-BPL user group will take care of the activities of the Agri-Horti Collection Centre.

196 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 83. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Agriculture Agricultural products are being practiced as a major livelihood option for the watershed population. 2 Horticulture Horticulture is the major livelihood activity of the villagers, which is dominated by apple cultivation and dry fruits. Sharp increase in the area under agriculture cultivation and increase the socio-economic status of the population in the watershed area. The cultivation area under horticulture production will be increased with diversification of crops and quality. It will also increase the economic status of the population. 3 Processing and Marketing Right now there is no structure marketing procedure for the products. Also there is no collection centre to store and gradation of the products. The marketing system will be strengthened, and linkage will be established with corporate houses and as a result of the collection centre available, which further prevents loss of products. And the farmers will get competitive price also.

197 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP XXII. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 172, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Buffalo, Ox, Horse, and Goat. 84. Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. As the demand for the fodder cannot be met from the locally available sources all the time, the villagers also buy fodder from the local vendors. Stall feeding is not a regular practice here. Stall feeding is being practiced only during the winters Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Presently there are 06 ha of forest land and ha of permanent pasture lands in the area. The pasture lands are generally dry in nature and provide pasture only during the months from May to November. Forest Land is also totally dry and not a good source for fodder Livestock population The village has 251 cows, 41 Buffalo, 152 Ox, 17 goats, 152 Ox, and 09 Horses. Majority of the cows are of Local breed. The per unit milk production is low in comparison to the other species of milch animals. Livestock Population in the Watershed Area Livestock Details No of cows Buffalo Ox Lamb Goat Ass Mule Horse Total

198 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Number of families Livestock Detail Cows Buffalo Others No of cows Breed Milk Production in ltr/day Buffal o Milk Production in ltr Ox Shee p Goat Hors e Lam b Mul e Jersey Local Fodder Requirement The total daily fodder requirement of the watershed area accounts to 14,331 kg s which includes 8744kg s of green fodder and 4687 kg s of dry fodder. Feed/Fodder Daily Requirement (Kg.) Green Fodder 8744 Dry Fodder 4687 Others 900 Total 14, Status of green fodder available in a year The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside Average milk production per mulch cattle No. of Cows in the Area Total Daily Milk Production Average daily Milk production Per cow Ltrs 2.45 Ltrs

199 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP There are 251 cows in the watershed area with a production of617 ltrs of milk per day. The average milk production per cow accounts to 2.45 ltrs per cow Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land- It has been proposed to plant the fodder species called Banda (Viscum Album Linn (Loranthaceae)), a locally available fodder species which has been proved good for the nutrition of cattle. 85. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES As per the survey data conducted by the organization (IIRD) there are 172 families involved in livestock activities. So it is important to provide them with the facilities for fodder. All the families who are currently doing livestock activities will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will improve the economic condition of the community those are involved in Animal Husbandry activities Activities Pasture Development:5 hectare of land will be covered under fodder production through community based pasture development. The activity is included under the component Development of Common Property Resources under the watershed project. Distribution of Fodder Seeds and Fodder Plants: All the households involved in livestock activities in the watershed area will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will help them to develop the required fodder in their own lands and attain self-sufficiency in fodder. They can make dry fodder out of it and store for the winter season Justification The unavailability of good quality fodder throughout the year is a major problem being faced by the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in the watershed area. It is important to address the lack of fodder availability in order to promote and expand the livestock activities in the area. Scarcity of fodder is making it difficult to carry on with cattle rearing in the watershed area. And people in the area have shown disinterest towards cattle

200 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP rearing activities. As per the Himachal statistics the cattle population is on decline. Therefore it is very important to increase good quality fodder production and ensure fodder availability throughout the year. So it is proposed to carry out fodder plant and fodder seed distribution to all the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in order to address the lack of fodder availability in the watershed area. 86. NURSERY RAISING It is proposed to raise Nursery of the local fodder species which can adapt to the local prevailing conditions instead of bringing new varieties on trial basis. The Nursery raising activity is included under livelihood enhancement component of the BPL families and the activity will be carried out by a user group by raising various fodder plants which are feasible for the climatic and geographic conditions of the area Justification Fodder plants on one side can meet energy needs of the people during the winter season on the other side leaves of these plants are very good source of fodder. 87. EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER With the distribution of good quality seeds the production as well as locality of the fodder will increase. This will ensure availability of fodder throughout the year encouraging the farmers to take up animal husbandry activities to improve their living conditions. 88. EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION With the availability of quality fodder though out the year, the farmers will be motivated to take up the animal husbandry activities on a broader scale. This will also motivate them for rearing improved varieties of milch animals. The production of the local species is also expected to rise because of the availability of quality fodder.

201 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 89. Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Cattle Breed No. of Cows Local 92 Jersey 61 There are mainly two breeds of cattle i.e. local breed and jersey breed existing in the watershed area Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification It is very important to promote the diversification of breeds in the area. Advanced breeds like Jersey and other improved species are need to be promoted in the watershed area in order to enhance the milk production Existing status of Animal Management The prevailing present practices for the housing of animals are very traditional i.e. the cattle are housed in the ground floor of the residential houses. The animals are mostly left open to Graze on the common village lands or the forest lands. The concept of stall feeding is yet not seen commonly in the village. There may be some instances of stall feeding which is being practiced during the winters Proposed Activities with justification It is proposed to introduce improved breed of cattle in the watershed area. As it is identified during the survey, the yield of the milk is very low. This is mainly due to non-availability of quality fodder as well as the milk yield of the local species is lower in comparison to the other advanced breed. The activity to introduce advanced cattle breeds will be considered

202 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP under the Livelihood Enhancement of BPL Families component under the project as well as for the Non-BPL families also. 90. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Presently the milk production from the watershed area accounts to approximately 704 litres of milk per day. As on today there are no milk co-operatives operating in the village therefore no milk procurement systems are in existence in the village. It is observed from the discussions that the inhabitants does not consider dairy farming activity as a commercial activity rather than raising milch animals for fulfilling household dairy needs. So it is important to create awareness among the villagers about the potential of dairy farming as a commercial activity Proposed Activities The following activities are proposed to enhance the livestock activities and production system in the watershed area. - Improved breeds like Jersey cows will be promoted in the water shed area - Distribution of fodder seed s and plants. - Milk production will be increased Skill Development The user groups newly formed in the area will be trained on livestock activity. The members will be trained on various aspects related to cattle rearing and dairy farming. The programme will be covered under Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) which is funded by the Dept. of Rural Development, Himachal Pradesh No. of families to be benefitted All the 172 families engaged in the area will be covered under the animal husbandry programme.

203 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 91. COSTING Activity -> Fodder Plant Distribution Fodder Seed Distribution Funds with Line Departments Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 2,000 5,000 Funds from IWMP 10,000 25, EXPECTED OUTCOMES The villagers will be able to attain self-sufficiency in fodder production through the supply of fodder plants and fodder seeds. The wastelands will be used for fodder and the vegetative cover of the area will be increased. 93. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1. Fodder Low availability, No cattle balanced fodder production, Not self-sufficient in fodder production 2. Cattle Management Low level of awareness and expertise in cattle management. 3 Milk Production Current Milk Production per cow is 2.45 litres per day. 4 Milk Marketing Milk Production is not an income generation activity, only for self-consumption. No milk co-operatives or SHG group. Increased availability of cattle balance fodder production, Selfsufficient in Fodder production. Increased awareness and expertise about cattle management. Milk production will be increased to 4 8 litres per cow as a result of increased fodder availability and balanced Food and scientific Technique. Milk production become a commercial activity and the people will form a co-operative & SHG with the help of Govt. And access to the organized Markets.

204 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP XXIII. RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY 94. STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs Presently the Common Property Resources (CPRs) in the area are very less in number. The existing CPRs are developed by the Gram Panchayat and the Irrigation and Public Health (I& PH) Department. The existing CPRs consist of only two irrigation tanks, 09 irrigation channels by the Gram Panchayat and 23 Public Water Taps by the Irrigation and Public Health Department. These CPRs are being maintained and managed by the respective Gram Panchayat and I&PH Department. People collect drinking water from the Public Water Taps depending upon availability. Existing CPRs in the watershed area Irrigation Tanks Channel Public Water Taps Channels PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION The following activities are proposed for the development of common property resources in the area: Pasture Development: The purpose of Pasture Development is for ensuring availability of fodder. This activity will be carried out by the Dadas Panchayat Administration. Irrigation Tanks: The irrigation tanks were proposed by the community in order to meet the water needs for drinking and irrigation. Eleven (11) Irrigation water tanks are proposed to construct in the watershed area.

205 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Water Pond: Eleven (11) water ponds will be set up in the proposed watershed area. 96. COSTING Activity Pasture Development Irrigation Tank Water Pond Funds with Line Departments (Rs.) 75, ,92, Beneficiary Contribution (Rs.) for WDF Funds from IWMP (Rs.)- 1,25, ,80, ,29, Total Cost (Rs.) 1,25, ,055, ,822, Expected Outcomes The irrigation tank and water pond will address the lack of irrigation problems being faced by the farmers. The irrigation tanks and water pond will enhance the agriculture and horticulture production by expanding the irrigation facilities of the watershed area. This will increase the agriculture and horticulture productivity of the watershed area. The unused community land will be used for fodder plantation. This will address the gaps in fodder production in the watershed area. The households engaged in cattle rearing and other livestock activities will be benefited from this. The fodder problem of the water shed area will be addressed properly.

206 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 98.Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Fodder Availability There is not enough good quality fodder available in the watershed are through out the area. 2 Irrigation No irrigation systems prevalent in the water shed area at present The households who practice animal husbandry will be able to meet the fodder requirement locally throughout the year. All the cultivated lands will be covered under the new irrigation Tank.

207 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP XXIV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 99. Existing Status Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities In order to address the issues the following activities to manage and preserve the Natural Resources are proposed: Crate Wire: The crate wires are proposed to check landslides and soil erosion in the watershed area. The treatment will be made with bio-engineering measures. Check Dam: Check Dam is being constructed for rain water harvesting No. of Households to be benefitted: All the activities proposed will benefit all the households in the watershed area. The proposed activities will preserve the natural resources in the watershed area and ensure the preservation of their livelihoods COSTING Activity Funds with Line Departments Crate Wire (Community) (Dept. of RD through MNREGA) 2 nd Year- 6, rd Year- 6, th Year- 6, Total Funds from Line Departments -(A) 19,470.00

208 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Beneficiary Contribution Year Wise Distribution of Funds from IWMP 2 nd Year- 2,65, rd Year- 2,65, th Year- 2,65, Total Funds from IWMP (B) 7,96, Total Cost (A) + (B) 8,15, PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 2 Soil Erosion and Landslides and Rain water harvesting: Soil erosion is very prevalent in the watershed area. The soil erosion will be checked through the creation of Crate Wire. Rain water harvesting can be done by Check Dam.

209 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP XXV. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES 103. CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition, packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Horticulture Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Fodder Nursery Rising can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES Bamboo Nursery Rising can be a good livelihood option for the local people Costing Activity Bamboo Nursery Rising Funds with Line Departments (Rs.) Beneficiary Contribution (Rs.) for WDF 15, , Funds from IWMP (Rs.)- 75, Total Cost (Rs.) 1,20,630.00

210 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 106. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Bamboo Nursery Rising Activity being practiced not in a systematic manner. Bamboo Nursery Rising will be carried out in an organized way and it will improve the economic condition of the people under the watershed area.

211 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP XXVI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT 107. CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES Micro Enterprise Development (MED) is a proven way to strengthen viable, small business resulting in increased household income and savings, and this alleviating the crunch of poverty. Micro Enterprises plays a critical role in the local development of any area PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities These are the various activities proposed under the Micro Enterprise Development Dairy Farming: Forty (40) families will be allotted with the activity to carry out Dairy Farming. Bio Gas Plant: The entire community will be benefited by the setting up of Bio Gas Plant. Horti Collection Centre: The entire community will be benefited by the setting up of Horti Collection Centre Beneficiaries Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary contribution Fund from Line departments Total Cost from IWMP Dairy Farming Bio Gas Plant Horti collection center TOTAL

212 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Justification This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own.it will increase the income levels of the people. For the time being, dairy farming is not considered as a commercial activity in the area, it is possible to create the trend towards commercialization of dairy farming of the area by assisting a group of a few to adopt dairy farming besides creating awareness among the villagers about the possibility of dairy farming as a commercial activity. Along with the distribution of cows, the skill development programmes, which will cover other villagers, will also take place. The Agriculture / Horticulture product collection cum marketing centre will bring drastic change in the marketing system of the watershed area. At present they are facing problems related to storage. Most of the times, they keep the stock in the open air which will get damaged due to rain fall and stray cattle. So the storage cum marketing centre will strengthen the marketing system of the area and also prevent the product loss due to other factors. It will also increase the shelf-life of the products EXPECTED OUTCOMES The micro enterprises development activities proposed can bring significant changes in the watershed area. The Micro Enterprise will be leading the community to be self-reliant and live with dignity. Outcome Indicators Operation of organized milk processing industry in the watershed area. It will increase the economic condition of the people. Milk production will be increase in the watershed area. Existence of organized Bio Gas Unit. Existence of Agri/Horti collection centre. Improve in quality-of-life of the local people in the watershed area.

213 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP VII.MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT OF BPL FAMILIES 110. BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) As per the survey conducted by the organization there are 52 BPL families in the watershed area. The land holding status of the BPL families are as follows- Small Farmers (land less than 5 Bigha) - 34 Marginal Farmers (between 6-25 Bigha) - 18 Medium Framers - 00 Big farmers AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION As per the survey conducted by the organisation there are no agricultural labourer s in the watershed area Present landless households and their livelihoods Presently there are no landless households in the area as per the baseline survey carried out by the organization Existing status of livelihood All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. And very few are meeting their livelihood needs from animal husbandry. But it is important to note that these families land holdings are very small and at the same time the numbers of cattle s are also less. A few of them are doing some work on daily wage basis to meet their daily needs Scope for additional income Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. It is observed and identified that there is a scope for the activities like pasture development in community lands, Horticulture Nursery Raising, Sheep Rearing, Dairy Farming, and Expansion of Horticulture in the watershed area. The small farmers can be assigned with the development of pasture in community lands. The

214 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP marginal farmers can be given the activity of horticulture expansion. Other families can be provided with activities like livestock expansion, bee keeping, Vermi compost, Mashroom Unit, and diary, nursery rising, etc PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Dairy Farming: Nurser Rising: Supply of tool kit for the Artisans: Bee Keeping: Vermi Compost: Mushroom Unit: Justification: For the time being, dairy farming is not considered as a commercial activity in the area, it is possible to create the trend towards commercialization of dairy farming of the area by assisting a group of a few to adopt dairy farming besides creating awareness among the villagers about the possibility of dairy farming as a commercial activity. Along with the distribution of cows, the skill development programmes, which will cover other villagers, will also take place. The pasture nursery raising activity will add to the solutions to increase the availability of fodder in the area and at the same time provide a livelihood option for the targeted BPL households. And at the same time the Horticulture nursery rising will add to the solution to increase supply chain of new horticulture plants in the watershed area and it will generate income for the targeted BPL families.

215 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Agriculture and Horticulture is two major activities here, over time they need to initiate Organic Farming practices in their region, Vermi Compost will be a good initiative towards their Organic Framing movement. Bee Keeping and Mashroom Unit will be another sustainable livelihood option for the people in the watershed area. It will help them to improve their socio-economic status. Strengthen the marketing system of the area and also prevent the product loss due to other factors. It will also increase the shelf-life of the products Beneficiaries and Costing S. N Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary contribution 1 Dairy Farming 2 Artisans ( Tool Kit Supply) Maulik Ram Roshani D/O Pijaru Mohi Ram Devku Ganesh datt Rajendra Daulat ram Harikrishna Shiv Singh Vidya Devi Gulabo Lakshmi Surat Ram S/O Paras Ram Surat Ram S/O Het Ram Bhim Singh RupRam Bimla Kubja S/O Het Ram Sohan Singh Ram lal Nand Ram Ramesh BansiLal Jeet Ram Ramanand S/O Nirmi Sant Ram Durgu Kamlesh Mohan lal Shiv ram Ganga ram Satyadevi Om Prakash S/O Shiv Ram Surendra Paras Ram Hira Singh Nand Ram Om Prakash S/O Balak Ram Prem Singh Kubja S/O Jamnu Roshni W/O Shyamlal Mast Ram Fund from Line departments Total Cost from IWMP

216 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Surat Ram S/O Suharu 3 Vermi compost 4 Nursery 5 Mushroom Farming 6 Bee Keeping Moti Ram Babbu ram Dharm Pal Satya Chandnu Dhasu S/O Budiya Shiv Singh S/O Devi Singh Mohan singh S/O Deep Ram 0 o EXPECTED OUTCOMES Upon the successful implementation of the livelihood enhancement programmes aimed at the empowerment of the BPL families in the watershed area, the BPL status of the families will be changed. This will positively impact the integrated development of the watershed area. The success of these initiatives will further encourage the households to undertake new initiatives by expanding their area of operation. All the 52 BPL households in the area will be directly benefited through the number of programmes. Indicators The income levels of the BPL families will increase. Existence of Bee Keeping unit in the watershed area. Decrease in the number of BPL families in the area over time. The quality of life will increase. Increase in the quantity of milk production in the area. Establishment of Milk co-operation. The nurseries established in the area. It will increase the shelf-life of the products.

217 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Functioning of the collection and marketing centre and its usage. The farmers will get fare price for the products. Formation of Vermi Compost Unit in the watershed area. Capacity Building of the local people. Formation of Mushroom unit in the watershed area PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Intervention Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Interventions for BPL Families There are no specific interventions which are exclusively aimed at BPL Families of that area. The livelihood enhancement programmes under the IWMP will directly benefit all the BPL families in the area and bring remarkable changes in their standard of living by creating sustainable livelihoods options. 2 BPL Status At present there are 52 BPL families in the watershed area. 3 Marketing At present there are no storage and collection centre at the area. No linkages with the big houses for marketing of the products. The BPL status of the families will be improved and they are expected to attain the status of AP Lover time after the proper implementation of watersheds projects. The new storage and collection centre will enhance the marketing activities in the watershed area and at the same time it will prevent crop loss. It will create linkages with the Private Companies

218 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP through Public-privatecommunity partnership. 4 Vermi Compost Unit The farmers are not practices organic farming activities in an organized way. 5 Mushroom Unit The farmers are not practices mushroom unit activities in an organized way. 6 Dairy Framing Dairy Framing is not practices in an organized way, most of the cows breed is local, and due to lack of balance food milk production is low. Organic farming will be practices in an organized way in the watershed area. It will increase the fertility of the soil and the farmers will also get good price for their products. Mushroom farming will be practices in an organized way in the watershed area. Dairy farming will be practices in an organized way, increase in the number of Jersy breed, and it will improve the socioeconomic condition of the people in the watershed area.

219 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP VIII. CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE The main purpose of this phase is to create innovative nature-based, sustainable livelihoods and raise productivity levels of the augmented resources and local economic development plans developed during the Watershed Works Phase. The subsequent activities are planned to be carried out during this stage. 7. Documentation: It is proposed to document the activities carried out during the watershed implementation period. It will help to maintain the records and identify and propagate the successful activities carried out under the project. 8. Up-scaling of Successful Experiments: It is proposed to identify the best practices carried out during the project period and up-scaling the same as per feasibility and propagate the same among others members of the watershed area. 9. Evaluation: Evaluation is a very important activity to assess the success of implementation of the project. It is proposed to carry out evaluation at the following levels. a. Social Audit: It is proposed to conduct the social audit of the programme at the watershed level where the Gram Sabha will evaluate the programme where the beneficiaries should explain their benefits and current status of the activity. The Watershed Committee should place the books of accounts of watershed programme for approval. b. Evaluation by External Agency: An external agency with experience in implementation and monitoring and evaluation of watershed projects should be assigned for the evaluation of the watershed programme. Costing S.N. Activities Amount a Documentation and recording b Up scaling of Successful experiments c Training Total

220 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 220 IX.EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT Sectors Expected Outcomes Indicators Agriculture Improved irrigation Enhancement in agriculture production Increment in gross irrigated area Increment in quantity of agriculture produces Good Organic farming Number of functional vermi compost units Horticulture Agri/ Horti Collection Centre Existence of Agri/Horti Collection Centre Enhancement in crop production Rise in quantity produced Natural resources Pasture land development Increment in pasture land area Improvement in water resources Physical existence of the water bodies Dairy development Number of dairy farming units, milk processing and preservation center Animal husbandry Improved Bee keeping practices Number of farmers with commercial production of honey Micro enterprises Improvement in women s status Honey and Mushroom processing and unit Better market facility Vermi compost Unit Increment in income of women and their institutions (SHGs) Well-functioning honey and mushroom processing units Number of well-functioning vegetable and fruit collection centers, milk and honey preservation units Physical existence of Vermi Compost Unit Development of BPL families Improvement in economic status of BPL HHs and quality of life Increment in the income of BPL families, Improvement in social status BPL families will have ownership over the generated resources Sr. No Area increase in area under crops (Ha) Increase in production (Kg/Ha) Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention 1 Agriculture/Horticulture Horticulture

221 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Cultivable waste Land Non culturable Waste land Common Pasture Animal Husbandry increase in no. of animals Increase in production per day Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention a Cow Milk (Lt.) Income B Horse /season(rs) c Goat Meat (kg) d Sheep 9 0 Wool (Kg) e Others Area under fodder crops (Ha) Availability of fodder (kg/day) 4 Fodder Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention Fodder grasses FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES No. of families benefited Pre intervention Post intervention a Dairy Farming 0 60 b Bio Gas Plant c Horti Collection Centre d Vermi compost 0 1 e Nursery 0 4 f Mushroom Farming 0 1 g Bee Keeping PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT b Artisans 0 4

222 Sl. No. Survey No. Length / Units Sectio n (sqm) Additional earth work volume cum Earth Work Amoun t(rs.) Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 222 IX. BUDGETING 115. COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Name of the farmer/community Based 1 Community Based Area (ha) Treatment Proposed Volume (sqm) Cost per unit/cum Total Cost Rs. Convergence with MNREGA Grant Total Creat Wire-1 (Community) Community Based Irrigation Tank-1 (Bakhog) Community Based Irrigation Tank-2 (Bakhog near water Tank) Community Based Irrigation Tank-3 (Bakhog) Community Based Irrigation Tank-4 (KaryaltaTil) Community Based Irrigation Tank-5 (Near Parsuram home) Community Based Irrigation Tank-6 (Bhajrai village) Community Based Irrigation Tank-7 (Upper Dadas)

223 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Community Based Irrigation Tank-8 (BhajriKhad) Community Based Irrigation Tank-9 (Village Till) Community Based Irrigation Tank-10 (Upper Kharyana) Community Based Irrigation Tank-11 (Tunda) Community Based Water Pond-1 (Jabal) Community Based Water Pond Community Based Water Pond Community Based Water Pond Community Based Water Pond Community Based Water Pond Community Based Water Pond Community Based Water Pond

224 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP Community Based Water Pond Community Based Water Pond Community Based 24 Community Based Water Pond-11 Check Dam-1 (BhajraiKhad) Community Based Check Dam-2 (BagdiKhad) Community Based Check Dam-3 (BhajraiKhad 2) Community Based Check Dam-4 (Tunda, Karyal) Total

225 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES S.N. Proposed Activities Units Average Rate Per Unit (Rs.) I LIVELIHOOD and ME FOR BPL HHs ONLY No of Beneficiaries (HH) Beneficiary Contribution Convergence Funds from IWMP Amount a Dairy Farming b Tools for artisans c Vermi Compost d Mushroom Farming e Bee Keeping f Nursery raising II Sub-Total Micro Enterprise and other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development a Horticulture Expansion * Sub-Total Animal Husbandry a Fodder Seed b Fodder Plant Distribution C Pasture Development 5ha Sub-Total Micro-Enterprises a Dairy Farming b Bio gas plant c Horti collection center d Bamboo nursery Sub-Total GRAND TOTAL

226 117. TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Sl. No Particulars BENEFICIARY CONTRIBUTION For WDF CONVERGENCE IWMP Amount (Rs.) 1 GENERAL a Ad. Cost b Monitoring c Evaluation Total PREPARATORY PHASE a EPA Institutional & b Capacity Building c DPR Total WATERSHED WORKS PHASE WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Creat Wire-1 (Community) Irrigation Tank-1 (Bakhog) Irrigation Tank-2 (Bakhog near water Tank) Irrigation Tank-3 (Bakhog) Irrigation Tank-4 (KaryaltaTil) Irrigation Tank-5 (Near Parsuram home) Irrigation Tank-6 (Bhajrai village) Irrigation Tank-7 (Upper Dadas) Irrigation Tank-8 (BhajriKhad) Irrigation Tank-9 (Village Till) Irrigation Tank-10 (Upper Kharyana) Irrigation Tank-11 (Tunda)

227 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 13 Water Pond-1 (Jabal) Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Water Pond Check Dam-1 (BhajraiKhad) 25 Check Dam-2 (BagdiKhad) 26 Check Dam-3 (BhajraiKhad 2) 27 Check Dam-4 (Tunda, Karyal) Total I Livelihood Activities for BPL only a Dairy Farming b Tools for artisans c Vermi Compost d MushroomFarming e Bee Keeping f Nursery raising Sub-Total II Micro Enterprise and Other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development a Horticulture Expansion 29300* Sub-Total

228 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 2 Animal Husbandry a Fodder Seed b Fodder Plant Distribution C Pasture Development Sub-Total Micro-Enterprises a Dairy Farming b Restaurant c Bee keeping d Bamboo nursery Sub-Total Consolidation Phase a Documentation and recording b Up scaling of Successful experiments c Training Total GRAND TOTAL

229 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 118. Proposed Final Budget Sr. No Particulars Amount (Rs.) (Figures) Amount (Rs.) (Words) 1 Total Funds from IWMP 86,10, Beneficiary Contribution 3,93, Rupees Eighty Six Lakh Ten Thousand and Paisa Seventy one Only Rupees Three Ninety three Thousand Four hundred Eighty Only 3 Proposed Convergence 10,96, Total Project Cost 10,100, Rupees Ten Lakh Ninety Six Thousand Eight Hundred and Ninety Eight Only. Rupees One Caror One Lakh Three Hundred and Seventy Eight, Paisa Seventy One Only Per Hectare Expenditure from IWMP - 14,999.99

230 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP ACTION PLAN

231 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 231 X. ACTIVITY SCHEDUL PREPARATORY PHASE SR.NO WORK COMPONENT a EPA b DPR c Institutional & Capacity Building WATERSHED WORKS PHASE 1 st Year YEAR - 2 YEAR - 3 YEAR b c d e a b c d e f II WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Create Wire Water Pond Irrigation Tank Check Dam LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES Dairy Farming Tools for artisans Vermi Compost Mushroom farming Bee Keeping Nursery raising Micro Enterprise and other related activities

232 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP a Agriculture/Horticulture development Horticulture Expansion 2 Animal husbandry a b C Fodder Seed Fodder Plant Distribution Pasture Development 3 Micro-Enterprises a b c d Dairy Farming Bio gas plant Horticollection center Bamboo nursery CONSOLIDATION PHASE a b c Activity Up-scaling of Successful Experiments Training YEAR Documentation YEAR - 3 YEAR - 4 YEAR # # # # # # # # # Evaluation

233 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP XI. ANNEXURE 120. Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Sl. Particulars EXISTING RATES SSR Final Rates Reference Labour Material Total 1 Earthwork in loose and sandy soils and partially ploughed soils NFB, RFB a) Earth excavation per cum 20 GO 486 para b) Sectioning & trimming per cum Total Earthwork in ordinary soil CB, CCT, SCT a) Earth excavation per cum 27 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) Breaking of clods with 2 trimmng and sectioning per cum Total Earthwork in hard soil WAT a) Earth excavation per cum 34 GO 146 costs of watershed b) Breaking of clods with trimming and sectioning per cum items- para Total Earthwork for farm pond

234 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP a) upto depth of 0.75 m per cum 28 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) depth from 0.75 m to 2 m per cum 39 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para d) Trimming and sectioning 4a Earthwork for MPT/ PT a) excavation depth of 0.75 m per cum 60 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) excavation depth of 0.75 m to 2 m per cum GO 146 costs of watershed items- para c) Bund formation, tamping and sectioning upto initial 30 m GO 146 costs of watershed items- para Stripping Key trench excavation (max - 0.5) and filling with suitable soil GO 146 costs of watershed items- para -2 5 Stone rivetment - outside stone (per cum) 328 GO 146 para 5, Stone rivetment - local stone 267 GO 146 para 5,

235 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 7 Stone work with stone form outside per cum (per cum) 8 Stone work with locally available stone per cum 328 GO 146 para 5, GO 146 para 5, Contour stone bund (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 10 Farm bunding with stone revetment (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 160/rmt 11 Stone Outlet per unit 308 GO 146 para 5, 7 12 Pipe Outlet /Unit AF (block) Pitting and refilling - per 4 plant Planting material - per plant /rmt Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF (bund) Planting material - per 4 plant 5 5 Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF(seeding) per kg Grass seeding per kg Agave slips in Nos Dryland Horticulture (DH) - per plant 19 Dryland Horticulture with pitcher - per plant

236 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 20 Agro-horticulture(AH) - per plant 21 Community pasture land (CPL) /ha 22 Vermicompost demo unit in Nos. 23 Non Pesticidal Management (NPM) per acre

237 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP 121. Design and Estimate of Watershed Works

238 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Daddas Watershed under IWMP

239 122. PRADiagrams

240 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 240

241 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 241

242 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Watershed Maps DETAILED PROJECT REPORT Deorighat Micro-Watershed of Theog Block, District Shimla (H.P.) Under IWMP

243 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 243 Submitted to The Chief Executive Officer State Level Nodal Agency Department of Rural Development, H.P Prepared by Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute Bye Pass Road, Shanan, Sanjauli, Shimla 6 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS WATERSHED AT A GLANCE Executive Summary INTRODUCTION... 92

244 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP ABOUT THE PROJECT BACKGROUND OF THE AREA Geographical Characteristics Climate Soil Population Classification Land use Pattern The Watershed Area Land Holdings Livestock Population METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION SECONDARY DATA Land Use Planning with Villagers of Dewarighat Panchayat USAGE OF DATA PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA PREPARATORY PHASE ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES PREPARATION OF DPRS INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Budget for Preparatory Phase SWOT Analysis SYNOPSIS: 1418 Ha. Deorighat (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Deorighat Panchayat. 106 WATERSHED WORK PHASE I. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE Existing Crop Production Existing farm practices Cropping pattern HORTICULTURE Existing Crop Production Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification

245 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Costing Justification BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing arrangements PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS II. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Livestock population Fodder Requirement Status of green fodder available in a year Average milk production per mulch cattle Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Justification NURSERY RAISING Justification EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification

246 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Existing status of Animal Management Proposed Activities with justification MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Proposed Activities Skill Development No. of families to be benefitted COSTING EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS III. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION COSTING Expected Outcomes Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status IV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Existing Status PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities No. of Households to be benefitted: COSTING PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS V. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS VI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Beneficiaries Justification

247 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP EXPECTED OUTCOMES BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION Present landless households and their livelihoods Existing status of livelihood Scope for additional income PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Beneficiaries and Costing EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE VII. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT VIII. BUDGETING COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Proposed Final Budget ACTION PLAN IX. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE X. ANNEXURE Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Design and Estimate of Watershed Works PRA Diagrams Watershed Maps... ABBREVIATIONS IWMP - Integrated Watershed Management Programme I&PH - Irrigation and Public Health WDF - Watershed Development Fund NPK - Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium GP - Gram Panchayat

248 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 248 AF - Afforestation GT - Grass land with Trees GS - Grass Seed CCT - Continues Contour Trench SCT - Staggered Contour Trench AH - Agro Horticulture CP - Compost Pit DH - Dray land Horticulture S.CPCT - Strengthening of Continues Peripheral Contour Trench CPL - Community Pasture Land MPT - Mini Percolation Tank PT - Percolation Tank NPM - Non Pesticidal Management MN - Micro Nutrients EPA - Entry Point Activity UG - User Group D1 - Very Shallow (0.15) D2 - Shallow (0.30) D3 - Moderately deep (0.45) D4 - Deep (more than 5) E1 - Sheet erosion E2 - Rill erosion E3 - Small Gullied Erosion E4 - Deep Gullied Erosion S1 - Slope (15% -20%) S2 - Slope (20% -25%) S3 - Slope (30% -35%) WATERSHED AT A GLANCE General Information 1 Name of the watershed Deorighat 2. Name of the Block Theog 3. Name of the District Shimla 4. Geographical Area of the Watershed 1418 Hec.

249 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Micro Watershed consist of Watershed and Watershed Codes 2c6c6B1b 6. Major Water Source Kanog Nalla 7. River flowing nearby the watershed area Giri 8. Livelihood Options Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Demography 6. Population Number of Males Number of Females 1128 Agriculture 9. Major Crops and Vegetables Wheat, Jo, Barley, Cabbage, Potato, Tomato, Beans, Peas 10. Marketing Local Mandi, Mother Dairy, Relaince Group, Fagu, Theog,Shimla Horticulture 11. Major Crops Apple, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, cherry, walnut, Almond. 12. Marketing Shimla, Adani Group Animal Husbandry 13 Families involved in Animal Husbandry Livestock Cow, Ox, Goat, Horse. Buffalo, 15 Daily Milk Production 892Litres/day Land Characteristics 16 Slope S3 30% - 35% 17 Erosion E4 Severe Gully Erosion Soil Characteristics 18 Soil Depth D PH N P K Executive Summary: Deorighat Micro-Watershed of Deorighat Panchayat The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attach locally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. The watershed area under reference consists of village Total Nos. 26 located in Gram Panchayat

250 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 250 Deorighat Theog Block of Shimla district. In the north direction there is very steep slope hills, in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located. The project area is located between Longitude 31 09' 35.98" N and Lattitude 77 21' 56.17" E. As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Deorighat watershed project has a total 383 households with a population of 2267 souls, out of which 1139 are male and 1128 are female. The net geographical area of Deorighat Panchayat is about 1418 ha out of which 75 ha is forest area. As per the survey conducted by the organization for Deorighat watershed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). At Deorighat watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. At Deorighat watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, Almond, and Nuts etc. At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Kanog Nalla (canal) called Kanog Nalla flowing from the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and non-consumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Kanog Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif, Ravi and Jayad season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif, Ravi and Jayad season. Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 400, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat. In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside. Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked. As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition,

251 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 251 packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Horticulture Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Fodder Nursery Rising, Vermi Compost, Bee Keeping, Dairy Development, can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area. This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own. It will increase the income levels of the people. There are 97 BPL families in the watershed area. All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. The small farmers can be assigned with the development of pasture in community lands. This project will cover the total area identified in the watershed area. The livelihood options and income of all the BPL households will be enhanced once the project is properly implemented. The area under agriculture and horticulture and its productivity will be increased as a result of the increase in irrigation facilities and other activities aimed at expansion of the same. The lack of fodder availability will be addressed by the pasture development and nursery rising. Moreover the households practicing livestock activities will be benefited through the distribution of fodder seeds and fodder plants. The micro enterprises sector will be revived as a result of the implementation of the project. The number of working days will also be increased. INTRODUCTION 123. ABOUT THE PROJECT The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The

252 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 252 objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attach locally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. These objectives can be realized by conserving, protecting and restoring the ecological balance by developing natural resources and by preventing soil erosion, degradation of top soil cover, regeneration of natural vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the ground water table. The programme also gives specific importance to the productivity enhancement of agriculture/horticulture/animal husbandry activities and innovative sustainable livelihood development of the community. The activities for resource development and usage will be planned to promote farming and allied activities to promote local livelihoods while ensuring resource conservation and regeneration. A View of Deorighat Village 124. BACKGROUND OF THE AREA The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Deorighat located in Theog Block of Shimla district.in the north direction there is very steep slope hills,in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located.the project area is located between Longitude East(77º21'56''-78º18'40'') and Lattitude North (31º09'35''- 33º43'0'').The watershed area liesin Seven villages which are very near to the Deorighat valley. The elevation of the watershed area is nearly 2632m above the sea level Geographical Characastice

253 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 253 Satellite view of Deorighat Watershed The entire watershed is extremely hilly with complex topography with an elevation upto 2632 m. The general slope is from North West to South East. The major physiographic units delineated are steep to very steep hill slopes, moderately steep to very steep hill slopes, hill terraces, hill slopes with pasture and hill slopes with forest cover. The relief is excessive and the watershed is drained by perennial streams. All local streams are merging in Giri River Climate The hill station is surrounded by the hilly wealth of some rare flora and fauna. The sight of the rolling snow bound hills in between the white clouds is simply spectacular. The summers of watershed area stretches from April to June. During the summers, the temperature of watershed area varies between a maximum of 28 C to a minimum of 15 C.

254 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 254 The watershed area weather during summers is very enjoyable as the weather remains mild and one needs to wear light cotton garments and light woollen clothes. The watershed area climate during the winter is very chilling where the temperature swings between a maximum of 8 C to a minimum of -3.1 C and may even dip down below that level too. It extends from December to February. The climate of watershed area in winter is highly dominated by the cold winds from the Himalayas. Snowfall takes place during the end of December when the cold becomes unbearable. One has to wear heavy woollen garments. During the winters, the ice skating and the winter sports are of major attractions. The months of December, January and February are the coolest months of the year, with mean daily minimum temperature as low as -3.1 o C. The total annual rainfall is about mm per annum. The maximum precipitation is received in the months from January to March. About 55% of the precipitation is received during winter season. The average `humidity observed in the project area is about 50% apart from the monsoon months. Humidity is generally low from 51% (Min.). In monsoon months, humidity is more than 89% (Max.) Soil The skeletal and calcareous soils occur on gently sloping to almost level valleys. The ph of soil at various sites lies within neutral range. The levels of NPK indicate moderate to high soil productivity. The sodium levels do not indicate any potential for soil Stalinization or adverse impacts on soil productivity.

255 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Population Classification As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Deorighat watershed project has a total 457 households with a population of 2267, out of which 1139 are male and 1128 are female. 121 BPL families reside in the watershed area. The average size of the family is 5.74 persons per household. The majority of the population belongs to General Caste. Sex No. of Persons Male 1139 Female 1128 Total 2267 Caste No. of Families SC 35 OBC 0 General 348 Total 383

256 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Land use Pattern The net geographical area of Deorighat Panchayat is about 1418 ha out of which 75 ha is forest area. About 366 ha of land are under agriculture which is irrigated and rain-fed; mainly a Kharif crop is taken. Land under Agri/Horticulture usage Forest land Permanent Pasture Land Cultivable Land Waste Land Uncultivable & Land 166 ha 75 ha ha ha 5.04 ha (As per land data records) At the watershed area ha land is having some type of sources for irrigation and 151 ha land has no source of irrigation. There is ha land under Agri/Horticulture usage. At the same time hectares are belongs to Fallow Land. Land under Agri + Horticulture usage in the watershed area Land with Irrigation sources Land without Irrigation sources 166ha 25.5 ha 151 ha (As per survey) The Watershed Area The Deorighat watershed consists of only Twenty sex revenue villages namely Deorighat having total area of 1418 hectares. This watershed envisages covering an area of 1418 hectares falling in this village Land Holdings As per the survey conducted by the organization for Deorighat water shed project majority of the farmers are either 110 Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) 167 Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). There are 110 small famer households and 167 marginal farmer households in the area. There are 134 farm households with land holdings in between Bigha land. There are 03 large Farmers in the watershed area. As per the information provided during the survey, there is no landless household in the area.

257 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 257 Land less Small Farmer <5 Bigha Marginal Farmer 5-25 Bigha Medium Farmer Bigha Big Farmer >75 Bigha Livestock Population Apart from the agriculture / horticulture practices animal husbandry activities are also a major source of livelihoods in the area. The livestock in the village consists of 432 cows, Ox, 62 Sheep, 9 goats and 37 Horses. There are 383 families those are engaged in Animal Husbandry activities in the water shed area. Cows Buffaloes Ox Sheep Goat Horse Others TOTAL

258 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 258 METHODOLOGY The following methodology was adopted for the preparation of DPR of Watershed Deorighat 125. DATA COLLECTION Primary Data g. Baseline Survey Door to Door baseline survey was carried out using structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the following areas. Demographic Information Socio Economic Information Agriculture / Horticulture Activities and its marketing Animal Husbandry activities and its marketing Fodder production and Availability Land use Water Availability Common Property Resources and Its usage The survey was carried out during h. Participatory Rural Appraisal Participatory Rural Appraisal was conducted on at the watershed level in order to assess the needs of the community. The following tools were used: ix. Mapping Social Mapping Resource Mapping Seasonality Calendar Service Inflow Outflow Proposed Works Mapping

259 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 259 x. Transect Walk In order to identify the areas to be treated, proposed work sites and assess the feasibility, the experts carried out a reconnaissance survey through transect walk. The sites were marked and the different treatment measures required for the treatment of the area were also recommended. Transect Walk Gram Panchayat Deorighat xi. Focus Group Discussions Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted in order to obtain community approved conclusions on various identified needs. It was helpful in complementing the assessments emerged from PRA and to derive the opinion of the community on various issues SECONDARY DATA Secondary data was collected from the Panchayat Records, Revenue Records and various line departments functioning in the watershed project area.

260 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 260 Land Use Planning with Villagers of Deorighat Gram pachayat 127. USAGE OF DATA The data, primary as well as secondary, which was obtained from the various authentic sources, was used in formulation of the local needs of the populace and also to plan the interventions required for the optimum utilization of the available resources in the watershed area. The due emphasis was given to plan the activities to fill in the existing gaps and to address the weak indicators PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA Data was analysed and based on the identified needs and problems in the watershed area a draft action plan was prepared and placed before the concerned Gram Sabha for approval. After detailed deliberations and incorporation of relevant suggestions into the plan, the action plan was got approved from the concerned Gram Sabha.

261 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 261 PREPARATORY PHASE The Preparatory Phase of the Project will be the first year of the project. The major objective of this phase is to build appropriate mechanisms for adoption of participatory approach and empowerment of local institutions (WC, SHG, and UG). WDT will assume a facilitating role during this phase. In this phase, the main activities will include: 129. ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES The Gram Sabha have passed a resolution and already to submitted PIA/ DRDA PREPARATION OF DPRS Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) Shimla has been assigned to prepare the Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the implementation the water shed project under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IMWP) 131. INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING It is proposed to carry out the following institutional based training and capacity building programmes in the first two years of the project period in order to equip various stakeholders to successfully participate and implement the project: First Year: 7. Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 8. Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees Second Year: 10. Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Diary Development, Vermi Compost, Bee Keeping, and Small Restaurant etc.

262 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) 12. Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency 132. COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Sl. No Particulars Details Amount 1 Administrative Cost Rs. 5Years 21,27, Monitoring Rs. 3 years (2nd 3rd and 4th year) 2,12, Evaluation Rs. 3 years (3nd 4rd and 5th year) 2,12, Total 25,52, Rupees Twenty Five Lakh, Fifty two Thousand and Four Hundred Only

263 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Budget for Preparatory Phase Sl. No Particulars Details Amount First Year A Preparation of DPR 2,12, B Entry Point Activities 8,50, C Institutional and Capacity Building 1 Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 2 Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees Second Year 50 Rs Rs ,50, ,00, Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Fisheries, Diary Development, Wool Processing, Sheep Rearing, Bee Keeping, Small Restaurant 4 Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) 50 Rs. 7, ,63, Rs ,50, Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency 20 Rs ,00, Total Institutional and Capacity Building 10,63,500.00

264 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 264 Total 21,27, Rupees Twenty One Lakh Twenty seven Thousand Only

265 SWOT Analysis of Deorighat Micro-Watershed of Deorighat Panchayat Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Higher rate of Peas, Potato production Good Apple production Favourable environment to raise goats and sheep 400 households engaged in Animal Husbandry activities. Regular water availability through the main drainage Very less number of landless households. Agriculture based economy as around 400 households practice agriculture out of 457. There are about 50 number of skilled labour in many activities. Lack of irrigation and storage facilities. Lack of availability of good quality fodder. Low level of milk production Lack of knowledge base regarding scientific cattle management Prevalence of Soil erosion No heavy water storage body present. No such organized microenterprise activities existing in the area. If provided with proper irrigation considerable increase in agriculture production can be assured. Scope of expansion of horticulture crops. Possibility of contouring and levelling of agriculture fields. Promotion of Organic Farming. Scope of agro forestry practices. Interest of the villagers to expand horticulture activities especially in vegetable and fruit cultivation. Providing training on dairy farming as there is very good scope of dairy development. Promotion of nursery raising of horticulture and vegetable crops. There is very good scope of tourism especially eco tourism. Rapid Climate Change. Animal Diseases. Lack of awareness of Dairy farming as a commercial activity. Due to adverse weather conditions the normal working days are less.

266 SYNOPSIS: 1418 Ha. Deorighat (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Deorighat Panchayat Activity Area Covered No. of House Hold (H.H) Watershed Works: Crate Wire Gully Plug Irrigation tank Water Pond Retaining wall CCT 350 Ha. 135 Ha. 137 Ha. 540 Ha. 0.5 ha 2.0ha. Whole Village 160 H.H 260 H.H 227 H.H 326 H.H 250 H.H Amount(Rs.) Micro Enterprises (Non BPL): Dairy Framing Innovation Fund Restaurant Bamboo nursery Vermi Compost Bee Keeping Bamboo Basket Making Rural Artisans Tool Kit Nursery Raising( Horti& Forestary) Goat Raring Horti Collection Centre Livelihood (BPL): Dairy Farming Horti Collection Centre Agriculture Collection Centre Rural Artisans Tool Kit 0.5 ha 75 ha HH 07HH 383 HH 10HH 02HH 01HH 01HH 07HH 02HH 06HH 39 H.H 06H.H 18H.H 01H.H Agriculture/Horticulture/Animal Husbandry : Horticulture Expansion Fodder seed distribution Fodder plant distribution Pasture Development 10Ha 05Ha 10Ha 10Ha 383 H.H 383 H.H 383 H.H 383 H.H

267 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 267 WATERSHED WORK PHASE Watershed Works Phase is considered as the heart of the programme in which all the activities as per DPR will be implemented. The Work Phase is further divided as per sectors as follows: 22. Agriculture /Horticulture Development 23. Animal Husbandry 24. Development of Common Property resources 25. Natural Resource Management 26. Farm Based Micro Enterprises 27. Production Systems and Micro Enterprise Development 28. Livelihood Enhancement for BPL Families XII. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT 133. AGRICULTURE At Deorighat watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Most of the agriculture is rain fed in nature whereas at some places the people have developed irrigation facilities by way of construction of irrigation channels etc.

268 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Existing Crop Production Wheat Jo Barley Pulses Vegetable Vegetables Production at Deorighat Name of the crop Production % of total vegetable (in Kg/year) production Cabbage Cauliflower Peas Beans Tomatoes Potatoes Total

269 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Existing farm practices The major crops cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Pulses, Barley and Vegetables etc. At present the crops are produced on the terraced farms as most of the land available is sloppy in nature whereas some patches of land have moderate slope. The farmers rely on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Desi ploughs are used for farm tilling and the weeding operations are done by hand. The area has wider scope for the use of modern techniques and improved tilling practices. It is proposed to introduce improved mould bold ploughs and even power tillers can be introduced in the beginning on pilot basis Cropping pattern Single cropping pattern is being used at present in the watershed area. But now they are looking for Mixed Cropping Pattern. The Peas, Cauliflower and Cabbage are also taken in the apple orchards. Wheat, Jo, and Barleyis also cultivated in the area HORTICULTURE At Deorighat watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, Almond, and Nuts etc Existing Crop Production Details of Crops (in Kg per year) Apples Pears Grapes Plum Chulli Kharmani Wall nut Cherry Almond Total As clear by the table above, horticulture is dominated by apples (96.34%). There is major role of honey bees in this production. The farmers practice bee keeping for pollination of the apple flowers.

270 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 270 There are approximately 59,701 apple trees which produce 1, 35,920 Kg s of Apple every year. An approximate number of 345 Chulli trees are there in the watershed area where the production is 1,265Kg s every year. There are 103 Almond trees and the production is around 920 Kg per year. The other horticulture produces in the area includes Pear, Grapes, Plum, Kharmani, etc Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. Pear as well as Almond at present market conditions are fetching price which is as good as that of apple or even more. So it is proposed to bring more area under the horticulture produce which will also result in diversification. It is also proposed to distribute new good quality apple root stock to maintain the supply chain of the Apples Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. Crop diversification is also essential for economic sustainability. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. The activities to be undertaken are as follows: 7. Scientific Distribution of Pear, Almond, Nuts and Apple plants to Farmers 8. Horticulture Nursery Raising (included under Livelihood enhancement for BPL Families) 135. SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Kanog Nalla (canal) called Kanog Nalla flowing from the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and non-consumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this

271 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 271 Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif, Rabi season through various channels and kuhals & Pipe line. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif and Rabi season. By way of this irrigation tank it is estimated that a good amount of land will be brought under irrigation facilities thereby increasing the cultivable area resulting in enhanced crop production as well as economic condition of the farmers PROPOSED ACTIVITIES The following are various activities proposed for the augmentation of Agriculture and Horticulture in the watershed area Activities 4. Horticulture Expansion: The plants of money fetching horticulture plant like almond, peer and apple will be supplied to all households in the villages to improve the economic condition of the farmers Costing Activity - Horticulture Expansion Funds with Line Departments - Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 1,20,000 Funds from IWMP 3,00,000 Total amount 3,00, Justification It has been reported by the community people during the PRA exercises that existing irrigation facilities are not good enough throughout the year. Therefore in order to provide uninterrupted irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water ponds proposed under the Agriculture & Horticulture Development in the project.

272 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 272 The activities aimed at irrigation will enhance the productivity and will cover irrigate more area which will pave way to bringing more area under agriculture production. The villagers expressed much enthusiasm towards expanding their horticulture activities. The watershed area holds good potential for horticulture activities. Hence it is important to promote and expand horticulture activities in the watershed area BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT At present traditional farm technologies are being used by the farmers. The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is also common practices. Most of the farm operations are done manually and use of mechanical systems is very limited. There is a scope for the introduction of better technologies for the enhancement of farm production. The inputs like Vermi-Compost, Bio-Fertilizers etc. have definite potential for the enhancement of crop production as well improvement in the health of the soil. Introduction of improved ploughs, seed cum fertilizer drills, and seed drills will definitely add to crop production as well as reducing labour drudgery AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES It is expected that due to increased irrigation facilities more area is brought under production of pulses thereby can be sold outside at larger quantities enhancing the income level of the farmers. Similarly due to increased irrigation facilities other crops will also be available with the farmers for selling. Expected Estimated Enhancement in Crop Production - Agriculture Sl. No Crop Current Area Current production (Kg) Area after Expansion Expected Production (Kg) 1 Wheat Barley Pulses Vegetables ha 187ha

273 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE It is expected that due to increase in horticulture plantation area, the production will go up fetching more money in the hands of the farmers which will add to the other allied economic activities. With the introduction of new root stock of apple the farmers will be less susceptible to losses due to the crop failure due to disease. It is also proposed to diversify horticulture activity by way of bringing more area under pear and almond and Nuts production. The expansion of Horticulture in the area will directly increase the income levels of all the households engaged in horticulture activities. There will be a significant increase in the area covered under horticulture. The horticulture expansion will be made sure by the increase in the irrigation facilities in the watershed area. Expected increase in the Production of Horticulture in Kg per year Sl. No Crop Current Area Current production (Kg) Area after Expansion Expected Production (Kg) 1 Apple ha Pears ha Plum Dry Fruits ha ha ha MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Horticulture and Agriculture both are the major economic activity in the watershed area. Horticulture produces like Apple, Grapes, Pear, and Dry Fruits etc are being produced in large scale. And agriculture produces like Cabbage, Cauliflower, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being produced in for self-consumption and to meet outside demands in some extend Existing Marketing arrangements In general the agriculture produce like Cabbage, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being sold in the local market and few transport to the outside market like, Delhi etc.

274 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 274 The horticulture produces are being transported to markets like Shimla, Chandigarh, and Delhi by road. People join together and hire trucks and send their produce to the above mentioned markets. And sometimes they sell their produces in the local mandi (Market), where the buyers are coming from different states. 50% of the horticulture produce is being sent to outside markets for sale. Activity Self- Consumption Local Market Sales External Market Sales Market Means of Transport Agriculture 50% 10% 40% Shimla, Delhi Local Contractors Horticulture 3% 15% 82% Shimla, Chandigarh, Delhi, Truck Loads, sometimes buyers from different states PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Agri-Horti Collection Centre: It is proposed to construct an agriculture/horticulture product collection and storage centre in order to enable a good marketing system in the watershed area. To promote Public-Private-Community Partnership Model (PPCPEM) to set up linkages with the Big Shopping Malls and with the Big Hotels and with Food Processing Houses through Agri-Horti Collection Centre. Nursery Rising: It is proposed by the local people to start Nursery Rising in the watershed area. To setting up Nursery Rising is included under the component of Farm Based Micro Enterprise and also under the component of Livelihood Enhancement of BPL families. To setting up Agri-Horti Collection Centre is included under the component Livelihood enhancement of BPL Families. The concerned Panchayat Administration will construct the

275 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 275 structure in the project area and the BPL user group will take care of the activities of the Agri-Horti Collection Centre PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Agriculture Agricultural products are being practiced as a major livelihood option for the watershed population. 2 Horticulture Horticulture is the major livelihood activity of the villagers, which is dominated by apple cultivation and dry fruits. Sharp increase in the area under agriculture cultivation and increase the socio-economic status of the population in the watershed area. The cultivation area under horticulture production will be increased with diversification of crops and quality. It will also increase the economic status of the population. 3 Processing and Marketing Right now there is no structure marketing procedure for the products. Also there is no collection centre to store and gradation of the products. The marketing system will be strengthened, and linkage will be established with corporate houses and as a result of the collection centre available, which further prevents loss of products. And the farmers will get competitive price also.

276 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 276 XIII. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 297 households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. As the demand for the fodder cannot be met from the locally available sources all the time, the villagers also buy fodder from the local vendors. Stall feeding is not a regular practice here. Stall feeding is being practiced only during the winters Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Presently there are ha of forest land and ha of permanent pasture lands in the area. The pasture lands are generally dry in nature and provide pasture only during the months from May to November. Forest Land is also totally dry and not a good source for fodder Livestock population Number of families The village has 432 cows, 9 goats, 212 Ox, 62Sheep, and 37 Horses. Majority of the cows are of Local breed. The per unit milk production is low in comparison to the other species of milch animals. Livestock Population at Deorighat Livestock Detail Cows Buffalo Others No of cows Breed Milk Producation in ltr/day Buffalo Milk Producation in ltr Ox Sheep Goat Horse Lamb Ass Jersey Local

277 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Fodder Requirement The total daily fodder requirement of the watershed area accounts to kg s which includes 18740kg s of green fodder and 9263 kg s of dry fodder. Feed/Fodder Daily Requirement (Kg.) Green Fodder Dry Fodder 9263 Total Status of green fodder available in a year The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside Average milk production per mulch cattle No. of Cows in the Area Total Daily Milk Production Average daily Milk production Per cow Ltrs Ltrs There are 432 cows in the watershed area with a production of 932 ltrs of milk per day. The average milk production per cow accounts to ltrs per cow Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land- It has been proposed to plant the fodder species called Banda (Viscum Album Linn ((Lorantha ceae)), a locally available fodder species which has been proved good for the nutrition of cattle.

278 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP PROPOSED ACTIVITIES As per the survey data conducted by the organization (IIRD) there are 420 families involved in livestock activities. So it is important to provide them with the facilities for fodder. All the families who are currently doing livestock activities will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will improve the economic condition of the community those are involved in Animal Husbandry activities Activities Pasture Development: hectare of land will be covered under fodder production through community based pasture development. The activity is included under the component Development of Common Property Resources under the watershed project. Distribution of Fodder Seeds and Fodder Plants: All the households involved in livestock activities in the watershed area will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will help them to develop the required fodder in their own lands and attain self-sufficiency in fodder. They can make dry fodder out of it and store for the winter season Justification The unavailability of good quality fodder throughout the year is a major problem being faced by the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in the watershed area. It is important to address the lack of fodder availability in order to promote and expand the livestock activities in the area. Scarcity of fodder is making it difficult to carry on with cattle rearing in the watershed area. And people in the area have shown disinterest towards cattle rearing activities. As per the Himachal statistics the cattle population is on decline. Therefore it is very important to increase good quality fodder production and ensure fodder availability throughout the year. So it is proposed to carry out fodder plant and fodder seed distribution to all the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in order to address the lack of fodder availability in the watershed area NURSERY RAISING

279 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 279 It is proposed to raise Nursery of the local fodder species which can adapt to the local prevailing conditions instead of bringing new varieties on trial basis. The Nursery raising activity is included under livelihood enhancement component of the BPL families and the activity will be carried out by a user group by raising various fodder plants which are feasible for the climatic and geographic conditions of the area Justification Fodder plants on one side can meet energy needs of the people during the winter season on the other side leaves of these plants are very good source of fodder EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER With the distribution of good quality seeds the production as well as locality of the fodder will increase. This will ensure availability of fodder throughout the year encouraging the farmers to take up animal husbandry activities to improve their living conditions EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION With the availability of quality fodder though out the year, the farmers will be motivated to take up the animal husbandry activities on a broader scale. This will also motivate them for rearing improved varieties of milch animals. The production of the local species is also expected to rise because of the availability of quality fodder Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Cattle Breed No. of Cows Local 205 Jersey 227 There are mainly two breeds of cattle i.e. local breed and jersey breed existing in the watershed area.

280 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification It is very important to promote the diversification of breeds in the area. Advanced breeds like Jersey and other improved species are need to be promoted in the watershed area in order to enhance the milk production Existing status of Animal Management The prevailing present practices for the housing of animals are very traditional i.e. the cattle are housed in the ground floor of the residential houses. The animals are mostly left open to graze on the common village lands or the forest lands. The concept of stall feeding is yet not seen commonly in the village. There may be some instances of stall feeding which is being practiced during the winters Proposed Activities with justification It is proposed to introduce improved breed of cattle in the watershed area. As it is identified during the survey, the yield of the milk is very low. This is mainly due to nonavailability of quality fodder as well as the milk yield of the local species is lower in comparison to the other advanced breed. The activity to introduce advanced cattle breeds will be considered under the Livelihood Enhancement of BPL Families component under the project as well as for the Non-BPL families also MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Presently the milk production from the watershed area accounts to approximately 704 litres of milk per day. As on today there are no milk co-operatives operating in the village therefore no milk procurement systems are in existence in the village. It is observed from the discussions that the inhabitants does not consider dairy farming activity as a commercial activity rather than raising milch animals for fulfilling household dairy needs. So it is important to create awareness among the villagers about the potential of dairy farming as a commercial activity Proposed Activities

281 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 281 The following activities are proposed to enhance the livestock activities and production system in the watershed area. - Improved breeds like Jersey cows will be promoted in the water shed area - Distribution of fodder seed s and plants. - Milk production will be increased Skill Development The user groups newly formed in the area will be trained on livestock activity. The members will be trained on various aspects related to cattle rearing and dairy farming. The programme will be covered under Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) which is funded by the Dept. of Rural Development, Himachal Pradesh No. of families to be benefitted All 383 families engaged in the area will be covered under the animal husbandry programme COSTING Activity -> Fodder Plant Distribution Fodder Seed Distribution Funds with Line Departments Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 1,07,440 64,600 Funds from IWMP 2,68,600 1,61, EXPECTED OUTCOMES The villagers will be able to attain self-sufficiency in fodder production through the supply of fodder plants and fodder seeds. The wastelands will be used for fodder and the vegetative cover of the area will be increased.

282 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1. Fodder Low availability, No cattle balanced fodder production, Not self-sufficient in fodder production 2. Cattle Management Low level of awareness and expertise in cattle management. Increased availability of cattle balance fodder production, Selfsufficient in Fodder production. Increased awareness and expertise about cattle management. 3 Milk Production Current Milk Production per cow is 4.81 litres per day. 4 Milk Marketing Milk Production is not an income generation activity, only for self-consumption. No milk co-operatives or SHG group. Milk production will be increased to 6 8 litres per cow as a result of increased fodder availability and balanced Food and scientific Technique. Milk production become a commercial activity and the people will form a co-operative & SHG with the help of Govt. And access to the organized Markets.

283 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 283 XIV. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES 153. STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs Presently the Common Property Resources (CPRs) in the area are very less in number. The existing CPRs are developed by the Gram Panchayat and the Irrigation and Public Health (I& PH) Department. The existing CPRs consist of only ten irrigation tanks, 11 channels by the Gram Panchayat and 36 Public Water Taps by the Irrigation and Public Health Department. These CPRs are being maintained and managed by the respective Gram Panchayat and I&PH Department. People collect drinking water from the Public Water Taps depending upon availability. Existing CPRs in the watershed area Irrigation Tanks Channel Public Water Taps PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION The following activities are proposed for the development of common property resources in the area: Pasture Development: The purpose of Pasture Development is for ensuring availability of fodder. An area of 05 hectare of community land will be converted as pasture land. This activity will be carried out by the Deori ghat Panchayat Administration. Water Pond: Twelve water ponds will be set up in the proposed watershed area.

284 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP COSTING Activity Pasture Development Water Pond Funds with Line Departments (Rs.) Beneficiary Contribution (Rs.) for WDF Funds from IWMP (Rs.)- 1,50, ,50, Total Cost (Rs.) 9,36, ,36, Expected Outcomes The irrigation tank and water pond will address the lack of irrigation problems being faced by the farmers. The irrigation tanks and water pond will enhance the agriculture and horticulture production by expanding the irrigation facilities of the watershed area. This will increase the agriculture and horticulture productivity of the watershed area. The unused community land will be used for fodder plantation. This will address the gaps in fodder production in the watershed area. The households engaged in cattle rearing and other livestock activities will be benefited from this. The fodder problem of the water shed area will be addressed properly Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Fodder Availability There is not enough good quality fodder available in the watershed area throughout the area. 2 Irrigation No irrigation systems prevalent in the water shed area at present The households who practice animal husbandry will be able to meet the fodder requirement locally throughout the year. All the cultivated lands will be covered under the new irrigation Tank.

285 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 285 XV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 158. Existing Status Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities In order to address the issues the following activities to manage and preserve the Natural Resources are proposed: Irrigation Tanks: twenty Seven Tanks were proposed to meet the irrigation requirement of the agriculture area if the watershed as about 151 ha land is unirrigated land which has the potential to increase the productivity if adequate irrigation is applied. Proposed intervention will meet the irrigation requirement of the area through the year. Crate Wire: One thousand Eight hundred crate wires are proposed to check landslides and soil erosion in the watershed area because the area is land slide prone with shallow soils. The treatment will be made with bio-engineering measures. Bench Terracing and CCT: As most of the available land is on the slopes and problem of soil erosion is prevalent. Therefore in order to check erosion of the soil, around 1000 bench terraces and CCT are proposed at different sites. Gully Plug: Gully Plug is being constructed to check soil erosion in Shyog nala which is very prone to soil erosion high velocity run off. About 300 gully plugs have been proposed in the area to check the soil erosion. Retaining walls: Three retaining wall with 86 m height each were proposed to check the land slides in land slide areas.

286 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP No. of Households to be benefitted: All the activities proposed will benefit all the households in the watershed area. The proposed activities will preserve the natural resources in the watershed area and ensure the preservation of their livelihoods COSTING Sr. no. Activities Cash flow Cash flow from line department Cash flow from IWMP 1 Irrigation Tanks 2nd year rd year th year Ponds 2nd year rd year th year Creat Wire 2nd year rd year th year Gully Plug 2nd year rd year th year CCT 2nd year rd year th year Retaining Wall 2nd year rd year th year Total PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 2 Soil Erosion and Landslides and Rain water harvesting: Soil erosion is very prevalent in the watershed area. The soil erosion will be checked through the creation of Crate Wire. Rain water harvesting can be done by Check Dam.

287 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 287 XVI. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES 162. CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition, packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Horticulture Nursery Rising and Pasture Nursery Rising, Fodder Nursery Rising can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES Horticulture Nursery Rising which includes apple nursery and vegetable nursery and Pasture Nursery Rising which includes various grasses like panicum, cetaria etc. can be a good livelihood option for the local people. These activities are proposed for the BPL families PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Horticulture Nursery Rising 2 Pasture Nursery Rising Activity being practiced not in a systematic manner. At present, sufficient pasture land is not as availability is only of ha the watershed Nursery Rising will be carried out in an organized way and it will improve the economic condition of the people under the watershed area because the area proposed is good for vegetable and apple production. Pasture Nursery Rising will be carried out in an organized way and it will improve the biomass of the pasture and good quality fodder in adequate quantity will be available

288 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 288 area. 3 Bee Keeping Activity being practiced not in a systematic manner. 4 Vermi Compost Vermi Compost is not practiced here, and the knowledge base of the community regarding Organic Farming is not sufficient. for the livestock. In spite of pasture land fodder plants can be grown in the apple orchards and higher fodder plant species can be planted in the ridges of the contours. Bee Keeping will be carried out in an organized way and it will increase the income level of the community. Vermi composting will help the people to mobilize towards organic farming and for better yield with good quality production of fruits and vegetable. Vermin compost will also give good income to the farmers due to heavy demand in the market Over time more people will go for organic farming in the watershed area.

289 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 289 XVII. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT 165. CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES Micro Enterprise Development (MED) is a proven way to strengthen viable, small business resulting in increased household income and savings, and this alleviating the crunch of poverty. Micro Enterprises plays a critical role in the local development of any area PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities These are the various activities proposed under the Micro Enterprise Development Dairy Farming: Twenty (05) families will be allotted with the activity to carry out Dairy Farming. This will enable the people to get employment and the products will be milk, milk products and compost also which increases in soil nutrient status and farmers will not have the pressure to buy the fertilizers from open market. Restaurant: national highway go through the watershed area proposed that is why there is a big scope of restaurant which will good income to the families allotted for the enterprises. Bamboo Nursery: In India bamboo is known as poor man s timber. In Higher reaches of himachal Pradesh a well known bamboo species i.e. Arundinaria fulcata can be grown. This bamboo is utilised in making bamboo baskets, furniture etc. This activity will improve the economic condition of the farmer. Another benefit of this practice is that the species can be cultivated in the wasteland. In the watershed (383) families will be allotted with the activity to carry out Bamboo Nursery.

290 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Beneficiaries Sr. No Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary contribution Fund from Line departments Total Cost from IWMP 1 Dairy Farming Innovation fund for Restaurant Bamboo nursery Vermin compost Bee Keeping Bamboo Basket Making Rural Artisans Tool Kit Nursery Raising Goat Raring Horti. Collection Centre Total Justification This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own. It will increase the income level (almost twice) of the people. Processing units of fruit and milk will be owned by the Panchayat. Before the establishment, the Panchayat must be trained about the technical and managerial know how of the same. For this purpose, DIC can provide good resources. For the activities like horticulture expansion, plantation and nursery, fund from MNREGA can be utilized. Other cost intensive intervention which involves 40% contribution of

291 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 291 beneficiaries, the names of the beneficiaries mentioned in the groups will be subjected to alteration depending on their initiative and interest EXPECTED OUTCOMES The micro enterprises development activities proposed can bring significant changes in the watershed area. The Micro Enterprise will be leading the community to be self-reliant and live with dignity. Outcome Indicators Operation of organized fruit processing industry in the watershed area. It will leads towards cluster development. Operation of organized milk processing industry in the watershed area. It will increase the economic condition of the people. Milk production will be increase in the watershed area. Existence of organized Bee Keeping unit. Improve in quality-of-life of the local people in the watershed area.

292 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 292 VII.MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT OF BPL FAMILIES 168. BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) As per the survey conducted by the organization there are 121 BPL families in the watershed area. The land holding status of the BPL families are as follows- Small Farmers (land less than 5 Bigha) - 75 Marginal Farmers (between 6-25 Bigha) - 36 Medium Framers - 10 Large farmers - 0 Landless AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION As per the survey conducted by the organisation there are no agricultural labourer s in the watershed area. Labour for many horticulture practices are hired from outside the watershed area Present landless households and their livelihoods Presently there are 6 landless households in the area as per the baseline survey carried out by the organization Existing status of livelihood All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. And very few are meeting their livelihood needs from animal husbandry. But it is important to note that these families land holdings are very small and at the same time the numbers of cattle s are also less. A few of them are doing some work on daily wage basis to meet their daily needs Scope for additional income

293 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 293 Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. It is observed and identified that there is a scope for the activities like pasture development in community lands, Horticulture Nursery Raising Dairy Farming, and Expansion of Horticulture in the watershed area. The small farmers can be assigned with the development of pasture in community lands. The marginal farmers can be given the activity of horticulture expansion. Other families can be provided with activities like livestock expansion, bee keeping, Vermi compost, sheep rearing, and diary, nursery rising, handlooms, etc PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Dairy Farming: Agri-Horti Collection Centre Rural Artisans Tool Kit Justification: For the time being, dairy farming is not considered as a commercial activity in the area. Considering the information that HP-MILKFED is planning to setup a Milk Processing plant in Shimla District, it is important to rejuvenate the dairy farming sector of the watershed area. Though large scale interventions are not possible, it is possible to create the trend towards commercialization of dairy farming of the area by assisting a group of a few to adopt dairy farming besides creating awareness among the villagers about the possibility of dairy farming as a commercial activity. Along with the distribution of cows, the skill development programmes, which will cover other villagers, will also take place. Agriculture and Horticulture is two major activities here, over time they need to initiate Organic Farming practices in their region, Vermi Compost will be a good initiative towards their Organic Framing movement. The Agriculture / Horticulture product collection cum marketing centre will bring drastic change in the marketing system of the watershed area. At present they are facing problems related to storage. Most of the times, they keep the stock in the open air which will get

294 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 294 damaged due to rain fall and stray cattle. So the storage cum marketing centre will strengthen the marketing system of the area and also prevent the product loss due to other factors. It will also increase the shelf-life of the products Beneficiaries and Costing S.N Activity Beneficiaries Beneficiary contributio n Fund from Line departm ents Total Cost from IWMP

295 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Dairy Farming 1.Partap Singh S/o Sh. Ram Dev 2.Mangat RamS/o Sh. Kaul Ram 3.Prem Singh S/o sh. Parmanand 4.Deep Ram s/o sh. Daulat Ram 5.Mast Ram s/o sh. Ganga Ram 6. Muni Devi w/o sh. Deviseran 7.Sita Ram s/o sh. Balak Ram 8.Harinand s/o sh. Het Ram 9. Prem Singh s/o sh. Sadh Ram 10. Atter singh s/o sh. Mathu Ram 11. Man Singh s/o sh. Shiv Ram 12.Krishan Kumar s/o sh.udhi Ram 13.Rukmi Devi w/o Sh. Udi Ram 14. Bhagat Ram s/o Sh. Het Ram 15. Dani Ram s/o Sh. Parmanand 16. Parmanand s/o Sh. Keharu 17. Gain Singh s/o Sh. Parmanand 18. Rugi Devi w/o Sh. Sita Ram 19. Bhagti Devi w/o Sh. Baliya Ram 20. Atma Ram s/o Sh. Hira Singh 21. Hira Singh s/o Sh. Deep Ram 22. Tulsi Ram s/o Sh. Lagnu Ram 23. Diyan Singh s/o Sh. Ganga Ram 24. Balak Ram S/o Sh moti Ram 25 Keshav Ram S/o Sh. Molu 26 Surender S/o Sh. Matha Ram 27 kanta W/o Sh. Moti lal 28. Devi Singh S/o Sh ram Sharan 29. Heera Singh S/o Sh PramaNand 30 Hukami Ram S/o Sh. Dhaniya 31. Shayam Singh S/o Sh Nand Lal 32 Jeet Ram S/o Sh Hukmi Ram 33 Moham Lal S/o Sh. Ratti Ram 34 Keder Singh S/o Sh Daulat Ram 35 Prem Singh S/o Sh. Heera Singh 36Lokanand S/o Sh. Chet Ram 37 Bhanjano nand S/o Sh. Reatti ram 38 Neegam Singh S/o Sh. Matha Ram 39 Rungi Devi W/o Sh. Seeta Ram

296 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Agriculture collection center 3 Horticulture collection center 4 Ruarl Artisans Tool Kit Saryana:Surender,Bimla,Balka Ram,Anat Ram, Jagat Ram, Jungi Ram Janog : Mathi, Akalu, Shayamlal, Vidya, Heera Singh, Basnti,Sunpa Nangal Devi:Inder Singh,Vidya,Mohan lal, Mast Ram Kanog Nala : Shoda Devi Majhi Devi, DD, Heera Singh, Mehender, Ratti Ram, Savitri, Hukmi Ram S/o Sh. Dhani Ram Total EXPECTED OUTCOMES Upon the successful implementation of the livelihood enhancement programmes aimed at the empowerment of the BPL families in the watershed area, the BPL status of the families will be changed. This will positively impact the integrated development of the watershed area. The success of these initiatives will further encourage the households to undertake new initiatives by expanding their area of operation. All the 97 BPL households in the area will be directly benefited through the number of programmes. Indicators The income levels of the BPL families will increase. The cottage industries will increase. Decrease in the number of BPL families in the area over time. The quality of life will increase. Increase in the quantity of milk production in the area. Establishment of Milk co-operation. The nurseries established in the area. It will increase the shelf-life of the products.

297 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 297 Functioning of the collection and marketing centre and its usage. The farmers will get fare price for the products. Formation of Vermi Compost Unit in the watershed area. Capacity Building of the local people. Formation of Bee Keeping unit in the watershed area. It will lead towards cluster development PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Intervention Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Interventions for BPL Families There are no specific interventions which are exclusively aimed at BPL Families of that area. The livelihood enhancement programmes under the IWMP will directly benefit all the BPL families in the area and bring remarkable changes in their standard of living by creating sustainable livelihoods options. 2 BPL Status At present there are 99 BPL families in the watershed area. 3 Marketing At present there are no storage and collection centre at the area. No linkages with the big houses for marketing of the products. The BPL status of the families will be improved and they are expected to attain the status of AP Lover time after the proper implementation of watersheds projects. The new storage and collection centre will enhance the marketing activities in the watershed area and at the same time it will prevent crop loss. It will create linkages with the Private Companies

298 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 298 through Public-privatecommunity partnership. 4 Dairy Framing There is adequate number of improved breeds of cow but dairy farming is not practiced yet. Dairy farming will be practices in an organized way, increase in the number of Jersy breed, and it will improve the socioeconomic condition of the people in the watershed area. CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE The main purpose of this phase is to create innovative nature-based, sustainable livelihoods and raise productivity levels of the augmented resources and local economic development plans developed during the Watershed Works Phase. The subsequent activities are planned to be carried out during this stage. 10. Documentation: It is proposed to document the activities carried out during the watershed implementation period. It will help to maintain the records and identify and propagate the successful activities carried out under the project. 11. Up-scaling of Successful Experiments: It is proposed to identify the best practices carried out during the project period and up-scaling the same as per feasibility and propagate the same among others members of the watershed area. 12. Evaluation: Evaluation is a very important activity to assess the success of implementation of the project. It is proposed to carry out evaluation at the following levels. a. Social Audit: It is proposed to conduct the social audit of the programme at the watershed level where the Gram Sabha will evaluate the programme where the beneficiaries should explain their benefits and current status of the activity. The Watershed Committee should place the books of accounts of watershed programme for approval.

299 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 299 b. Evaluation by External Agency: An external agency with experience in implementation and monitoring and evaluation of watershed projects should be assigned for the evaluation of the watershed programme. Costing S.N. Activities Amount a Documentation and recording b Up scaling of Successful experiments c Training Total

300 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 300 XVIII. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT Sectors Expected Outcomes Indicators Agriculture Improved irrigation Enhancement in agriculture production Good Organic farming Increment in gross irrigated area Increment in quantity of agriculture produces Number of functional vermi compost units Horticulture Enhancement in crop production Rise in quantity produced Natural resources Animal husbandry Micro enterprises Pasture land development Improvement in water resources Dairy development Improved Bee keeping practices Improvement in women s status Milk processing unit Honey and fruit processing and unit Increment in pasture land area Physical existence of the water bodies Number of dairy farming units, milk processing and preservation center Number of farmers with commercial production of honey Increment in income of women and their institutions (SHGs) Physical existence of well-functioning milk processing unit Well-functioning honey and fruit processing units Better market facility Number of well-functioning vegetable and fruit collection centers, milk and honey preservation units Restaurants 4 well running restaurants Development of BPL families Improvement in economic status of BPL HHs Improvement in social status Increment in the income of BPL families, BPL families will have ownership over the generated resources

301 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 301 XIX. A. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT Sr. No Area increase in area under crops (Ha) Increase in production (Kg/Ha) Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention 1 Agriculture a Wheat b Barley c Pulses d Vegetables Horticulture , ,650 a Apple b Pears c Plum d Dry Fruits Animal Husbandry increase in no. of animals Increase in production per year Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention a Cow Milk (Lt.) Income B Horse /season(rs) c Goat Meat (kg) d Sheep Wool (Kg) e Others Area under fodder crops (Ha) Availability of fodder (kg/day) 4 Fodder Pre intervention Post intervention Pre intervention Post intervention Fodder grasses

302 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES No. of families benefited a c Dairy Farming Bamboo nursery Pre intervention Post intervention d Vermin compost 0 10 e Bee Keeping 0 2 f Bamboo Basket Making 0 1 g Nursery Raising 0 7 h Goat Raring 0 2 i Horti. Collection Centre PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT a Rural Artisans Tool Kit 0 7 b Innovation fund for Restaurant 0 1

303 Sl. No. Survey No. Length / Units Sectio n (sqm) Additional earth work volume cum Earth Work Amoun t(rs.) Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 303 XX. BUDGETING 173. COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Name of the farmer/community Based Area (ha) Treatment Proposed Volume (sqm) Cost per unit/cum Total Cost Rs. Convergency with MNREGA Grant Total 1 Community Based Creat Wire-1 (Nagal Devi To Kanog Nala) Community Based Creat Wire-2 (Himfed To Kanog) Community Based Creat Wire-3 (Rajan Tayal To Dochi Nala ) Community Based Gully Plug-1 (Shyod Nala) Community Based Irrigation Tank-1 (Bhejog) Community Based Irrigation Tank-2 (Shaddi)

304 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Community Based Irrigation Tank-3 (Chabtu) Community Based Irrigation Tank-4 (Tinger Nala) Community Based Irrigation Tank-5 (Jata Kufer) Community Based Irrigation Tank-6 (Chopda Shop, Nalya) Community Based Irrigation Tank-7 (Jagri Near Deep Ram) Community Based Irrigation Tank-8 (Nalya, Dochi) Community Based Irrigation Tank-9 (Sharyana) Community Based Irrigation Tank-10 (Kanog) Community Based Irrigation Tank-11 (Janotu) Community Based Irrigation Tank-12 (Jaten Nala) Community Based 18 Community Based Irrigation Tank-13 (Batog) Irrigation Tank-14 (Shyog Near Maan Singh)

305 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Community Based Irrigation Tank-15 (Janog Upper) Community Based Irrigation Tank-16 (Batog Near Nalta) Community Based Irrigation Tank-17 (Janog, Bukher) Community Based Irrigation Tank-18 (Kadabali) Community Based Irrigation Tank-19 (Jata gaon Near Water source) Community Based Irrigation Tank-20 (Chabtu R.R Khachi) Community Based Irrigation Tank-21 (Chabtu) Community Based Irrigation Tank-22 (Davi Near Navoydev) Community Based 28 Community Based 29 Community Based Irrigation Tank-23 (Chandkala) Irrigation Tank-24 (Shyod Near Budhi Singh house ) Irrigation Tank-25 (Shyog Near Padam Singh House) Community Based Irrigation Tank-26 (Nagal Davi Tampel)

306 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Community Based Irrigation Tank-27 (Jagri Near Mathu Ram House) Community Based Water Pond-1 (Jodpur) Community Based Water Pond-2 (Chankula) Community Based Water Pond-3 (Tankoti) Community Based Water Pond-4 (Nalya) Community Based Water Pond-5 (Tinger) Community Based Water Pond-6 (Chichi) Community Based Water Pond-7 (Kadwai Nala) Community Based Water Pond-8 (Shaog) Community Based Water Pond-9 (Janog) Community Based 42 Community Based Water Pond-10 (Bajaga Near Devi Singh House) Water Pond-11 (Holga Near Heera Singh House)

307 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Community Based 44 Community Based 45 Community Based 46 Community Based 47 Community Based Water Pond-12 (Shaog Near Gyan Singh House) CCT-1 (Nangal Deai To Chadtu) CCT-2 (Shakraout To Shadyana) Retain Wall-1 (Nalya Road To Om Prakesh House) Retain Wall-2 (Himfed To Kanog) Community Based Retain Wall-3 (Himfed To Kanog) Total COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES I LIVELIHOOD FOR BPL HHs ONLY Units Average Rate Per Unit (Rs.) No of Beneficiaries (HH) Beneficiary Contribution Convergence Funds from IWMP Amount a Dairy Farming b Agri.Collection Centre c Horti Collection Centre d Rural Artisans

308 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 308 II Sub-Total Micro Enterprise and other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development a Horticulture Expansion Sub-Total Animal Husbandry a Fodder Seed b Fodder Plant Distribution C Pasture Development 10 Ha Sub-Total Micro-Enterprises a Dairy Farming b Restaurant c Bamboo nursery d Vermi Compost g Bee Keeping e Bamboo Basket making f Rural Artisans tool kit Nursery raising (Hort. & h Forestry.) i Goat rearing Horticulture collection j center Sub-Total GRAND TOTAL

309 175. TOTAL FUND FLOW FROM IWMP Sl. No Particulars IWMP Amount (Rs.) 1 GENERAL a Ad. Cost b Monitoring c Evaluation Total PREPARATORY PHASE a EPA b Institutional & Capacity Building c DPR Total BENEFICIARY CONTRIBUTION For WDF CONVERGENCE 3 WATERSHED WORKS PHASE WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Creat Wire-1 (Nagal Devi To Kanog Nala) Creat Wire-2 (Himfed To Kanog) Creat Wire-3(Rajan Tayal To Dochi Nala ) Gully Plug-1 (Shyog Nala) Irrigation Tank-1 (Bhejog) Irrigation Tank-2 (Shaddi) Irrigation Tank-3 (Chabtu) Irrigation Tank-4 (Tinger Nala) Irrigation Tank-5 (Jata Kufer) Irrigation Tank-6 (Chopda Shop, Nalya) Irrigation Tank-7 (Jagri Near

310 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 310 Deep Ram) Irrigation Tank-8 (Nalya, Dochi) Irrigation Tank-9 (Sharyana) Irrigation Tank-10 (Kanog) Irrigation Tank-11 (Janotu) Irrigation Tank-12 (Jaten Nala) Irrigation Tank-13 (Batog) Irrigation Tank-14 (Shyog Near Maan Singh) Irrigation Tank-15 (Janog Upper) Irrigation Tank-16 (Batog Near Nalta) Irrigation Tank-17 (Janog, Bukher) Irrigation Tank-18 (Kadabali) Irrigation Tank-19 (Jata gaon Near Water source) Irrigation Tank-20 (Chabtu R.R Khachi) Irrigation Tank-21 (Chabtu) Irrigation Tank-22 (Davi Near Navoydev) Irrigation Tank-23 (Chandkala) Irrigation Tank-24 (Shyod Near Budhi Singh house ) Irrigation Tank-25 (Shyog Near Padam Singh House) Irrigation Tank-26 (Nagal Davi

311 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Tampel) Irrigation Tank-27 (Jagri Near Mathu Ram House) Water Pond-1 (Jodpur) Water Pond-2 (Chankula) Water Pond-3 (Tankoti) Water Pond-4 (Nalya) Water Pond-5 (Tinger) Water Pond-6 (Chichi) Water Pond-7 (Kadwai Nala) Water Pond-8 (Shaog) Water Pond-9 (Janog) Water Pond-10 (Bajaga Near Devi Singh House) Water Pond-11 (Holga Near Heera Singh House) Water Pond-12 (Shaog Near Gyan Singh House) CCT-1 (Nangal Deai To Chadtu) CCT

312 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 312 (Shakraout To Shadyana) I Retain Wall-1 (Nalya Road To Om Prakesh House) Retain Wall-2 (Janog Ori Dhar to Devta Mandir ) Retain Wall-3 (Ori Dhar To Om Prakesh) Total LIVELIHOOD FOR BPL HHs ONLY a b c d II 0 Dairy Farming Agri.Collection Centre Horti Collection Centre Rural Artisans Sub-Total Micro Enterprise and other related activities 1 Agriculture & Horticulture Development a Horticulture Expansion Sub-Total Animal Husbandry a b C 0 Fodder Seed Fodder Plant Distribution Pasture Development Sub-Total Micro-Enterprises a Dairy Farming

313 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 313 b Restaurant c Bamboo nursery d Vermi Compost e Bee Keeping f Bamboo Basket making G Rural Artisans tool kit H Nursery raising (Hort. & Forestry.) I Goat rearing j Horticulture collection center TOTAL Consolidation phase a Documentation and recording b Up scaling of Successful experiments c Training Total GRAND TOTAL

314 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Proposed Final Budget Sr. No Particulars Amount (Rs.) (Figures) Amount (Rs.) (Words) 1 Total Funds from IWMP 2,12,69, Rupees Two Caror Twelve Lakh Sixty Nine Thousand Nine Hundred Ninety two Only 2 Beneficiary Contribution 6,82, Proposed Convergence 12,43, Total Project Cost 2,31,95, Rupees Six Lakh Eighty Two Thousand Only Rupees Twelve Lakh Forty Three Thousand Three Hundred and Thirty One Paisa Eighty Only. Rupees Two Caror Thirty One lakh Ninety Five Thousand Three Hundred and Thirty One, Paisa Seventy Two Only Per Hectare Expenditure from IWMP - 14,999.99

315 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP ACTION PLAN

316 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 316 XXI. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE PREPARATORY PHASE SR.NO WORK COMPONENT a EPA b DPR c Institutional & Capacity Building WATERSHED WORKS PHASE 1 st Year YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR A B C D E F G a b c WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS Creat Wire Gully Plug Irrigation Tank Water Pond Check Dam CCT Bench Terracing LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES Dairy Farming Fodder Nursery Raising Horti Collection Centre

317 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 317 d e f g II 1 a Sewing center Vermi Compost Bio gas unit Bee Keeping Micro Enterprise and other related activities Agriculture/Horticulture development Horticulture Expansion 2 Animal husbandry a b C Fodder Seed Fodder Plant Distribution Pasture Development 3 Micro-Enterprises a b c d e Milk processing Unit Restaurant Fruit processing unit Bamboo nursery raising Bee Keeping CONSOLIDATION PHASE a b c Activity Up-scaling of Successful Experiments Training Documentation YEAR

318 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 318 YEAR - 3 YEAR 4 YEAR # # # # # # # # # Evaluation

319 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 319 XXII. ANNEXURE 178. Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Sl. Particulars EXISTING RATES SSR Final Rates Reference Labour Material Total 1 Earthwork in loose and sandy soils and partially ploughed soils NFB, RFB a) Earth excavation per cum 20 GO 486 para b) Sectioning & trimming per cum Total Earthwork in ordinary soil CB, CCT, SCT a) Earth excavation per cum 27 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) Breaking of clods with 2 trimmng and sectioning per cum Total Earthwork in hard soil WAT a) Earth excavation per cum 34 GO 146 costs of watershed b) Breaking of clods with trimming and sectioning per cum items- para Total Earthwork for farm pond

320 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 320 a) upto depth of 0.75 m per cum 28 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) depth from 0.75 m to 2 m per cum 39 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para d) Trimming and sectioning 4a Earthwork for MPT/ PT a) excavation depth of 0.75 m per cum 60 GO 146 costs of watershed items- para b) excavation depth of 0.75 m to 2 m per cum GO 146 costs of watershed items- para c) Bund formation, tamping and sectioning upto initial 30 m GO 146 costs of watershed items- para Stripping Key trench excavation (max - 0.5) and filling with suitable soil GO 146 costs of watershed items- para -2 5 Stone rivetment - outside stone (per cum) 328 GO 146 para 5, Stone rivetment - local stone 267 GO 146 para 5,

321 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Stone work with stone form outside per cum (per cum) 8 Stone work with locally available stone per cum 328 GO 146 para 5, GO 146 para 5, Contour stone bund (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 10 Farm bunding with stone revetment (CS=0.5 sq.m) per rmt 160/rmt 11 Stone Outlet per unit 308 GO 146 para 5, 7 12 Pipe Outlet /Unit AF (block) Pitting and refilling - per 4 plant Planting material - per plant /rmt Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF (bund) Planting material - per 4 plant 5 5 Rs 1.60 per watering for 5 watering per plant Total AF(seeding) per kg Grass seeding per kg Agave slips in Nos Dryland Horticulture (DH) - per plant 19 Dryland Horticulture with pitcher - per plant

322 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Agro-horticulture(AH) - per plant 21 Community pasture land (CPL) /ha 22 Vermicompost demo unit in Nos. 23 Non Pesticidal Management (NPM) per acre ANNEXURE List of SC beneficiaries Sh. Ramesh Kumar Sh. Budhhi Ram Sh. Balak RAM Sh. Geeta Ram Sh. Mathu Ram Sh. Hira Mani Sharma Sh. Bhup Ram Sh. Ratti Ram Sh. Kesar Singh Sh. VedParkash Sh. Ram lal Sh. RoshanLal Sh. Parma Nand Sh. Ramanand Sh. Tulsi Ram Smt. Sanro Devi Sh. Mohan Lal Sh. Ram Singh Smt. Sarson Devi Sh. Narayan Singh Jagat Singh Thakur Sh. LeeiaNand Sh. Mohan Lal Sh. Sohan Singh Sh. Kali Dass Sh. Dahrma Sh. RoshanLal Sh. LokaNand Sh. Jagat Ram Sh. ManoharLal Sh. RaghawaNand Sh. Naria Ram Sh. Mohan Lal Sh. Indar Sin gh Sh. Nirma Sh. Bhup Ram Sh. Gorakh Ram Sh. Langhu Ram Sh. Ramesh Sh.Budhiya Singh Smt. Sonu Sh. Rajesh Kumar Sh. Jamnu Ram Smt. Balno Sh. Govind Singh Sh. Roop Singh Sh. Ramanand Singh Smt. Radha Smt. Sunfa Devi Sh. Udi Ram Sh. Mani RAM Sh. Rajendar Singh Sh. Inder Singh Sh. KundanLal Sh. Chhagu Ram Sh. Hari Chand Sh. PremLal Sh. Geeta Ram Sh. Haridas Sh. Atma Ram Sh. Bhup Ram Non BPL Beekeeping Groups Group 1 Group 2 Sh. IshwarLal Sh. Gulab Singh Sh. Laxmi Singh Sh. Achhar Singh Sh. Sohan Singh Sh. IshvarLal Sh. Jogendar Singh Sh. Ashok Kumar Sh. Lok Singh Sh. DharmDass Sh. Mohan Lal Smt. Roshni Sh. Heera Singh SMT. Santosh

323 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP 323 Sh. Shiv Ram Sh. Nirma Sh. Beli Ram Sh. Ravender Kumar Sh. Rajender Singh Sh. Sureh List of Beneficiary under Bamboo nursery raising program Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Sh. Vikarm Singh Sh. Shiv Singh Sh. Ramesh Ravat SMT. Sunita SMT. Santosh sh. Anant Ram Sh. Rameshwar Sh. Budhhi Ram Sh. Lachhi Ram Sh. Surender Thakur Singh Sh. IshawarDutt Sh. Anokhi Ram Smt. Sulochna SH. Prem Singh Sh. Sai Ram sh. Dyanand Sh. Layak Ram Sh. Hari Chand Sh. Harish SMT Shakuntala Sh. Achhar mal Thakur Sh. Ram Lal Sh. IshwarLal Sh. Ram Sh. Layak Ram Sh. Bhagat Singh Sh. Hira Singh Sh. Narayan Singh Sh. Mansa Ram Sh. Ramanand Sh. Sohan Singh Sh. Nanti Ram Sh.Chet Ram Sh. Geeta Ram Sh. TikamDass Sh. Shiv RAM Sh. Nanti Ram Sh. Ram Krishan Sh. Ratti Ram Sh.Lachmi Ram Sh. Rajendar Singh SmtMathi Devi Sh. Karm Singh Sh. Devi Ram Sh. Saligram Sh. Jagdish Sh. Subhash Sh. Kalyan.Singh Sh. Shiv Ram Sh. Shayam Singh

324 Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Deorighat Watershed under IWMP Design and Estimate of Watershed Works

325 180. PRA Diagrams

326 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 326 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP

327 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 327 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP

328 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 328 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP

329 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 329 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP

330 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 330 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP

331 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 331 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 4. Watershed Maps

332 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 332 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Index Theog Distt. Shimla HP Watershed Deorighat Developmet Block DETAILED PROJECT REPORT Dhamandari Micro-Watershed of Theog Block, District Shimla (H.P.) Under IWMP

333 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 333 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Submitted to, The Chief Executive Officer State Level Nodal Agency Department of Rural Development, H.P Prepared by, Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute Bye Pass Road, Shanan, Sanjauli, Shimla 6 CONTENTS

334 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 334 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP ABBREVIATIONS WATERSHED AT A GLANCE Executive Summary INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROJECT BACKGROUND OF THE AREA Geographical Characteristics Climate Soil Population Classification Land use Pattern The Watershed Area Land Holdings Livestock Population METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION SECONDARY DATA Villagers of Dhamandri Panchyat USAGE OF DATA PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA PREPARATORY PHASE ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES PREPARATION OF DPRS INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Budgets for Preparatory Phase Rupees Eleven Lakh Fifty Nine Thousands Five Hundred only SWOT Analysis SYNOPSIS: 773 Ha. Dhamandri (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Dhamandri Panchayat356 WATERSHED WORK PHASE I. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE

335 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 335 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 1.1. Existing Crop Production Existing farm practices Cropping pattern HORTICULTURE Existing Crop Production Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Costing Justification BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing arrangements PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS II. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Livestock population Fodder Requirement Status of green fodder available in a year Average milk production per mulch cattle Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Justification NURSERY RAISING

336 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 336 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 3.1. Justification EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification Existing status of Animal Management Proposed Activities with justification MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Proposed Activities Skill Development No. of families to be benefitted COSTING EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS III. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION COSTING Expected Outcomes Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status IV. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Existing Status PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities No. of Households to be benefitted: PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS V. FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES CURRENT STATUS OF FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES SCOPE FOR FARM BASED MICRO ENTERPRISES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS

337 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 337 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 4. COSTING VI. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT CURRENT STATUS OF MICRO ENTERPRISES PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities Beneficiaries Justification EXPECTED OUTCOMES BPL FAMILIES IN THE AREA (BASELINE DATA) AGRICULTURE LABOURER S POPULATION Present landless households and their livelihoods Existing status of livelihood Scope for additional income PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Activities (Programmes, Infrastructure, marketing) Beneficiaries and Costing EXPECTED OUTCOMES PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS VIII.CONSOLIDATION AND WITHDRAWAL PHASE VII. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT VIII. BUDGETING COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANING FOR WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT WORKS COMMUNITY WISE NET PLANNING FOR LIVELIHOODS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND MICRO ENTREPRISES Total Fund flow for IWMP Proposed Final Budget ACTION PLAN IX. ACTIVITY SCHEDULE X. ANNEXURE Standard Schedule of Rates for Various Works under IWMP Design and Estimate of Watershed Work Diagrams Watershed Maps...

338 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 338 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP

339 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 339 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP ABBREVIATIONS IWMP - Integrated Watershed Management Programme I&PH - Irrigation and Public Health WDF - Watershed Development Fund NPK - Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium GP - Gram Panchayat AF - Afforestation GT - Grass land with Trees GS - Grass Seed CCT - Continues Contour Trench SCT - Staggered Contour Trench AH - Agro Horticulture CP - Compost Pit DH - Dray land Horticulture S.CPCT - Strengthening of Continues Peripheral Contour Trench CPL - Community Pasture Land MPT - Mini Percolation Tank PT - Percolation Tank NPM - Non Pesticidal Management MN - Micro Nutrients EPA - Entry Point Activity UG - User Group D1 - Very Shallow (0.15) D2 - Shallow (0.30) D3 - Moderately deep (0.45) D4 - Deep (more than 5) E1 - Sheet erosion E2 - Rill erosion E3 - Small Gullied Erosion E4 - Deep Gullied Erosion S1 - Slope (15% -20%) S2 - Slope (20% -25%)

340 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 340 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP S3 - Slope (30% -35%) WATERSHED AT A GLANCE General Information 1 Name of the watershed Dhamandari 2. Name of the Block Theog 3. Name of the District Shimla 4. Geographical Area of the Watershed 1564 Hec. 5. Micro Watershed consist of Watershed and Watershed Codes 2c6c6B1a 6. Major Water Source Batibada Khad 7. River flowing nearby the watershed area Giri 8. Livelihood Options Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry Demography 6. Population 1272 Persons 7. Number of Males Number of Females 609 Agriculture 9. Major Crops and Vegetables Wheat, Jo, Barley, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Potato, Tomato, Beans, Peas. 10. Marketing Dhali, Delhi, Chandigarh Horticulture 11. Major Crops Apple, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chulli, Kharmani, walnut, Almond. 12. Marketing Local Mandi, Mother Dairy, Relaince Group Animal Husbandry 13 Families involved in Animal Husbandry 219

341 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 341 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 14 Livestock Cow, Buffalo, OX, Goat, Horse. 15 Daily Milk Production 1500 Litres Land Characteristics 16 Slope S3 25% - 30% 17 Erosion E4 Severe Gully Erosion Soil Characteristics 18 Soil Depth D PH N P K Executive Summary: Dhamandari Micro-Watershed of Dhamandari Panchayat The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendly development of the rural areas of the country. The objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is to attach locally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area. The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Dhamandri located in Theog Block of Shimla district. In the north direction there is very steep slope hills, in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located. The project area is located between Longitude 31 4' " N and Lattitude 77 20' 34.27" E. As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Dhamandari watershed project has a total 274 households with a population of 1272 souls, out of which 663 are male and 609 are female.the net geographical area of Dabandri Panchayat is about 816ha out of which 10 ha is forest area. As per the survey conducted by the organization for Dhamandari water shed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). At Dhamandari watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send

342 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 342 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP to outside market for sale. The major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetables etc. They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. At Dhamandari watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood source for the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum, Grapes, Chilgoja, Kharmani, Almond, and Apricot etc. At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Nalla (canal) called Dhamandari Nalla flowing from the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and non-consumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 219, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows, Buffalo, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat. In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside. Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked. As agriculture and horticulture is the major activity and the horticulture produce is being marketed in the far flung areas of the country, there are no micro-enterprises like processing, value addition,

343 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 343 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP packaging, and storage etc. existing in the watershed area. It is observed Horticulture Nursery Rising and Bamboo Nursery Rising, Bee keeping; Vermi Compost can be a potential activity in the watershed area. It may increase the income levels of the people at the watershed area. This will help to develop entrepreneurship capacity among the population and serve as an example for the villagers to come up with similar initiatives at their own. It will increase the income levels of the people. There are 94 BPL families in the watershed area. All the BPL households are meeting their livelihood needs from agriculture and horticulture production. Development of sustainable livelihoods for the BPL families in the watershed area is a major objective of the project. This project will cover the total area identified in the watershed area. The livelihood options and income of all the BPL households will be enhanced once the project is properly implemented. The area under agriculture and horticulture and its productivity will be increased as a result of the increase in irrigation facilities and other activities aimed at expansion of the same. The lack of fodder availability will be addressed by the pasture development and nursery rising. Moreover the households practicing livestock activities will be benefited through the distribution of fodder seeds and fodder plants. The micro enterprises sector will be revived as a result of the implementation of the project. The number of working days will also be increased. INTRODUCTION 181. ABOUT THE PROJECT The Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is planned with an aim of integrated sustainable eco-friendlydevelopment of the rural areas of the country.the objective of the Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)is to attachlocally available natural resources in an optimum manner to achieve the overall goal of sustainable development in the area.these objectives can be realized by conserving, protecting and restoring the ecological balance by developing natural resources and by preventingsoil erosion, degradation of top soil cover,regeneration of natural vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the ground water table. The programme also gives specific importance to the productivity enhancement of agriculture/horticulture/animal husbandry activities andinnovative sustainable livelihooddevelopment of the community. The activities for resource development and usage will be planned to promote farming and allied activities to promote local livelihoods while ensuring resource conservation and regeneration.

344 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 344 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 182. BACKGROUND OF THE AREA The watershed area under reference consists of village namely Dhamandri located in Theog Block of Shimla district.in the north direction there is very steep slope hills, in the south one tributory second order river and in the west, hills are located.the project area is located between Longitude 31 4' 28.27" N and Lattitude 77 20' 34.27" E. The watershed area liesin five villages which are very near to the Cheog valley. The elevation of the watershed area is nearly 2024m above the sea level Geographical Characteristics The entire watershed is extremely hilly with complex topography with an elevation upto 2024 m. The general slope is from North West to South East. The major physiographic units delineated are steep to very steep hill slopes, moderately steep to very steep hill slopes, hill terraces, hill slopes with pasture and hill slopes with forest cover. The relief is excessive and the watershed is drained by perennial streams. All local streams are merging in Giri River.

345 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 345 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Satellite view of Dhamandri Watershed Climate The climate of the project watershed area is characterized by cool and dry climate. Meteorologically, the year can be divided into three distinct seasons. Winter seasonsets in from the month of October and continues upto April, followed by summerseason from May to June and Rainy Season from July to September. Temperature rises after April and the month of June is the hottest month of the year with mean daily maximum temperature going up to 23.0 o C. And by the end of October, there is a sharp decrease in temperature in the watershed area. The months of December, January and February are the coolest months of the year, with mean daily minimum temperature as low as -2 o C. The total annual rainfall is about 1456 mm per annum. The maximum precipitation is received in the months from January to March. About 55% of the precipitation is received during winter season. The average `humidity observed in the project area is about 50% apart from the monsoon months. Humidity is generally low from 35 to 54.2%. In monsoon months, humidity is more than 80% Soil The skeletal and calcareous soils occur on gently sloping to almost level valleys. The ph of soil at various sites lies within neutral range. The levels of NPK indicate moderate to high soil productivity. The sodium levels do not indicate any potential for soil salinization or adverse impacts on soil productivity.

346 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 346 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Population Classification As per the Base Line survey conducted by the IIRD, the Dhamandariwatershed project has a total 274 households with a population of 1272 souls, out of which 663 are male and 609 are female.from this data it emerges that there is a healthy sex ratio as the female population is greater than male population. 94 BPL familiesresidein the watershed area. The average size of the family is 4.64 persons per household.the majority of the population belongs to General Caste. Sex No. of Persons Male 663 Female 609 Total 1272 Caste No. of Families SC 82 OBC 03 General 189 Total 274

347 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 347 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Land use Pattern The net geographical area of Dhamandri Panchayat is about 816 ha out of which 10 ha is forest area. About 312 ha of land are under agriculture which is irrigated and rain-fed; mainly a Kharif crop is taken. Land under Agri/Horticulture usage Personal Forest land Permanent Pasture Land Cultivable Land Waste Land Uncultivable & Land 312 ha 10 ha 210 ha 184 ha 100 ha (As per land data records) At the watershed area 52.8 ha land is having some type of sources for irrigation, and 312 ha land under Agri/Horticulture usage. At the same time 284 hectares are belongs to Fallow Land. Land under Agri + Horticulture usage in the watershed area Land with Irrigation sources Land without Irrigation sources 312 ha 52 ha 77.4 ha (As per survey) The Watershed Area The Dhamandri watershed consists of only Five revenue villages namely Dhamandri having total area of hectares. This watershed envisages covering an area of 773 hectares falling in this village Land Holdings As per the survey conducted by the organization for Dhamandariwater shed project majority of the farmers are either Small farmers (less than 5 Bigha) or Marginal farmers (5-25 Bigha). There are 180 small famer households and 69 marginal farmer households in the area. There are 23 farm households with land holdings in between Bigha land.there are

348 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 348 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 04 big Farmers in the watershed area. As per the information provided during the survey, there is no landless household in the area. Land less Small Farmer <5 Bigha Marginal Farmer 5-25 Bigha Medium Farmer Bigha Big Farmer >75 Bigha Livestock Population Apart from the agriculture / horticulture practices animal husbandry activities are also a major source of livelihoods in the area. The livestock in the village consists of 321 cows,258ox, 42 Sheep, 176 goats,and 14 Horses and 48 Buffalos.There are 219 families those are engaged in Animal Husbandry activities in the water shed area. Livestock Detail No of cows Buffalo Ox Sheep Goat Ass Yak Horse Total % 5.60% 30.03% 5.50% 20.49% % 100%

349 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 349 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP METHODOLOGY The following methodology was adopted for the preparation of DPR of Watershed Dhamandri DATA COLLECTION Primary Data i. Baseline Survey Door to Door baseline survey was carried out using structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the following areas. Demographic Information Socio Economic Information Agriculture / Horticulture Activities and its marketing Animal Husbandry activities and its marketing Fodder production and Availability Land use Water Availability Common Property Resources and Its usage The survey was carried out during j. Participatory Rural Appraisal Participatory Rural Appraisal was conducted on at the watershed level in order to assess the needs of the community. The following tools were used: xii. Mapping Social Mapping Resource Mapping Seasonality Calendar Service Inflow Outflow Proposed Works Mapping

350 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 350 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP xiii. Transect Walk In order to identify the areas to be treated, proposed work sites and assess the feasibility, the experts carried out a reconnaissance survey through transect walk. The sites were marked and the different treatment measures required for the treatment of the area were also recommended. xiv. Focus Group Discussions Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted in order to obtain community approved conclusions on various identified needs. It was helpful in complementing the assessments emerged from PRA and to derive the opinion of the community on various issues SECONDARY DATA Secondary data was collected from the Panchayat Records, Revenue Records and various line departments functioning in the watershed project area.

351 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 351 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Villagers of Dhamandri Panchyat 185. USAGE OF DATA The data, primary as well as secondary, which was obtained from the various authentic sources, was used in formulation of the local needs of the populace and also to plan the interventions required for the optimum utilization of the available resources in the watershed area. The due emphasis was given to plan the activities to fill in the existing gaps and to address the weak indicators PREPARATION OF ACTION PLAN AND APPROVAL FROM GRAM SABHA Data was analysed and based on the identified needs and problems in the watershed area a draft action plan was prepared and placed before the concerned Gram Sabha for approval. After detailed deliberations and incorporation of relevant suggestions into the plan, the action plan wasgot approved from the concerned Gram Sabha. PREPARATORY PHASE The Preparatory Phase of the Project will be the first year of the project. The major objective of this phase is to build appropriate mechanisms for adoption of participatory approach and empowerment of local institutions (WC, SHG, and UG). WDT will assume a facilitating role during this phase. In this phase, the main activities will include: 1. ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES The gram panchayat has passed the resolution to make two rest houses at Patrogand Baliwada respectively and a road from ChapaiKhad to Shagaltiunder, Road Chawi Khad to Sagalti the EPA budget. 2. PREPARATION OF DPRS Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD) Shimla has been assigned to prepare the Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the implementation the water shed project under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IMWP)

352 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 352 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 3. INSTITUTIONAL AND CAPACITY BUILDING It is proposed to carry out the following institutional based training and capacity building programmes in the first two years of the project period in order to equip various stakeholders to successfully participate and implement the project: First Year: 9. Orientation of Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Development Committee Members and Panchayat Officials 10. Orientation course on Fund Management for Watershed Development Teams and Watershed Committees Second Year: 13. Orientation programme on Group management and Livelihood Activities with special focus on Nursery Raising, Diary Development, and Bee Keeping etc. 14. Orientation for members of User Groups (UGs) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) 15. Orientation of Watershed Development Team (WDT) and Watershed Development Committees on Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project with special focus on RTI, Social Audit and Transparency 4. COSTING Budget for Administrative Activities Sl. No Particulars Details Amount 1 Administrative Cost Rs. 5 Years 11,59, Monitoring Rs. 3 years (2 nd 3 rd and 4 th year) 3 Evaluation 3rd Year & 4 th Year & 5 th Year

353 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 353 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Total Rupees Thirteen Lakhs Ninety One Thousands Four Hundred only 4.2 Budgets for Preparatory Phase Heads Units Amount EPA 463, Institutional & Capacity Building 579, DPR 1 115, Total Rupees Eleven Lakh Fifty Nine Thousands Five Hundred only

354 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 354 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP

355 SWOT Analysis of Dhamandri Micro-Watershed of Dhamandri Panchayat Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Higher rate of Peas, Potato production Good Apple production Favourable environment to raise goats and sheep 219 households engaged in Animal Husbandry activities. Regular water availability through the main drainage No land less households. People are doing some Micro- Enterprises in an unorganized way Lack of irrigation, marketing, storage facilities Lack of good quality fodder availability Lack of advanced cattle breed Low level of milk production Lack of knowledge base regarding scientific cattle management Prevalence of Soil erosion No heavy water storage body present. No such organized micro-enterprise activities existing in the area Lack of and technical and management skills If provided with proper irrigation considerable increase in agriculture production can be assured Promotion of Organic Farming Interest of the villagers to expand horticulture activities Providing training on dairy farming Promotion of nursery raising and pasture development Rapid Climate Chang Lack of awareness of Dairy farming as a commercial activity

356 SYNOPSIS: 773 Ha. Dhamandri (Area Coverage) Watershed Project under Dhamandri Panchayat Activity Area Covered No. of House Hold (H.H) Amount(Rs.) Watershed Works: Crate Wire Irrigation Tank Water pond Check dam Channel 200 ha 514 ha 300 ha 250 ha Whole Village 160 H.H 70 H.H 227 H.H ha Micro Enterprises (Non BPL): Dairy Farming Vermicompost Small Restaurant Bee Keeping Bamboo nursery 50 H.H 18 H.H 02 H.H 07 H.H 04 H.H Livelihood (BPL): Dairy Farming Horti Collection Centre 39 H.H 17 H.H Agriculture/Horticulture/Animal Husbandry : Horticulture Expansion Fodder seed distribution Fodder plant distribution Pasture Development 249 H.H 172 H.H 172 H.H

357 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 357 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP WATERSHED WORK PHASE Watershed Works Phase is considered as the heart of the programme in which all the activities as per DPR will be implemented. The Work Phase is further divided as per sectors as follows: 29. Agriculture /Horticulture Development 30. Animal Husbandry 31. Development of Common Property resources 32. Natural Resource Management 33. Farm Based Micro Enterprises 34. Production Systems and Micro Enterprise Development 35. Livelihood Enhancement for BPL Families

358 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 358 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP XXIII. AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT 187. AGRICULTURE At Dhamandari watershed area agriculture is one of the prime economic activities of the villagers. The agricultural activities are mainly aimed to meet the local needs and some vegetables they send to outside market for sale.the major crops and vegetables cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Barley, Pulses, and Vegetablesetc.They are working on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Most of the agriculture is rain fed in nature whereas at some places the people have developed irrigation facilities by way of construction of irrigation channels etc Existing Crop Production Wheat Jo Barley Pulses Vegetable Total (KG) Vegetables Production at Dhamandari Name of the crop Production (in Kg/year) % of total vegetable production Cabbage Cauliflower Peas

359 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 359 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Beans Tomatoes Potatoes Total Existing farm practices The major crops cultivated by the farmers are Wheat, Jo, Pulses,Barley and Vegetables etc.at present the crops are produced on the terraced farms as most of the land available is sloppy in nature whereas some patches of land have moderate slope. The farmers rely on the old techniques and patterns for agriculture production. Desi ploughs are used for farm tilling and the weeding operations are done by hand. The area has wider scope for the use of modern techniques and improved tilling practices. It is proposed to introduce improved mould bold ploughs and even power tillers can be introduced in the beginning on pilot basis Cropping pattern Single cropping pattern is being used at present in the watershed area. But now they are looking for Mixed Cropping Pattern. The Peas, Cauliflowerand Cabbageare also taken in the apple orchards. Wheat, Jo, and Barleyis also cultivated in the area HORTICULTURE At Dhamandri Nalla watershed area Horticulture is another livelihood sourcefor the local farmers. All the households in the watershed area are involved in horticulture activity. The major horticulture produce in the area is Apple. Other produces in the area includes, Pear, Plum,Grapes, Chilgoja, Kharmani,Almond, and Apricot etc. Majority of the families in the Changmang Walling watershed area are engaged in Horticulture activities Existing Crop Production Horticulture production (Kg/year)

360 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 360 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Apples Pears Grapes Plum Apricot Kharmani Almond Chilgoja Total % 1.19% 0.00% 1.86% 1.60% 1.68% 6.53% 0.44% % As clear by the table above, horticulture is dominated by apples (86.71%). There is major role of honey bees in this production. The farmers practice bee keeping for pollination of the apple flowers. The approx. Apple production per year is Kg and Pears production per year is 1250 kg. The other horticulture produces in the area includes Pear, Grapes, Plum, Kharmani, etc. Apple Production at Dhamandari Scope for improvement of Horticulture production with justification

361 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 361 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP At present the size of India's dried fruit market is $1 billion, and growing at 20 percent annually, with a demand-supply gap of over 30 million tons. In this present scenario the almond and other dry fruits can play a key role in the improving economic condition of the farmers. Pear as well as Almond at present market conditions are fetching price which is as good as that of apple or even more. So it is proposed to bring more area under the horticulture produce which will also result in diversification. It is also proposed to distribute new good quality apple root stock to maintain the supply chain of the Apples Proposed Activities for Horticulture Expansion As apple is the key horticulture produce in the area, it is proposed to bring more area under apple production by way of distribution of apple seedlings to the farmers and also it is proposed to give new root stocks so that the threats due to diseases may be minimized. Crop diversification is also essential for economic sustainability. So it is proposed to bring more area under pear and almond. The activities to be undertaken are as follows: 9. Scientific Distribution of Pear, Almond, Nuts and Apple plants to Farmers 10. Horticulture Nursery Raising (included under Livelihood enhancement for BPL Families) 189. SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION THOUGH WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES The major source of water in the watershed area is available from a Nalla (canal) calleddhamandari Nallaflowingfrom the mountains. This water is being utilized for consumptive and non-consumptive requirements of the watershed area population. The water of this Nalla is being utilized for the development of irrigation facilities by the villagers during the Kharif season through various channels and kuhals. In order to enhance and supplement the irrigation facilities, irrigation tank and water pond is being proposed in the watershed area to increase the irrigation efficiency and to maintain the supply of irrigation water throughout the Kharif season. By way of this irrigation tank it is estimated that a good amount of land will be brought under irrigation facilities thereby

362 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 362 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP increasing the cultivable area resulting in enhanced crop production as well as economic condition of the farmers PROPOSED ACTIVITIES The following are various activities proposed for the augmentation of Agriculture and Horticulture in the watershed area Activities 5. Horticulture Expansion: The plants of money fetching horticulture plant like almond, peer and apple will be supplied to all households in the villages to improve the economic condition of the farmers Costing Activity - Horticulture Expansion Funds with Line Departments 30,000 Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 84,200 Funds from IWMP 1,24,500 Total amount 2,38, Justification It has been reported by the community people during the PRA exercises that existing irrigation facilities are not good enough throughout the year. Therefore in order to provide

363 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 363 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP uninterrupted irrigation facilities,irrigation tank and water pondisproposed under the Agriculture & Horticulture Development in the project. The activities aimed at irrigation will enhance the productivity and will cover irrigate more area which will pave way to bringing more area under agriculture production. The villagers expressed much enthusiasm towards expanding their horticulture activities. The watershed area holds good potential for horticulture activities. Hence it is important to promote and expand horticulture activities in the watershed area BETTER FARM PRACTICES, IMPROVED INPUTS FOR AGRICULTURE/HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT At present traditional farm technologies are being used by the farmers. The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is also common practices. Most of the farm operations are done manually and use of mechanical systems is very limited. There is a scope for the introduction of better technologies for the enhancement of farm production. The inputs like Vermi-Compost, Bio-Fertilizers etc. have definite potential for the enhancement of crop production as well improvement in the health of the soil. Introduction of improved ploughs, seed cum fertilizer drills, and seed drills will definitely add to crop production as well as reducing labour drudgery AGRICULTURE: EXPECTED OUTCOMES It is expected that due to increased irrigation facilities more area is brought under production of pulses thereby can be sold outside at larger quantities enhancing the income level of the farmers. Similarly due to increased irrigation facilities other crops will also be available with the farmers for selling EXPECTED INCREASE IN HORTICULTURE It is expected that due to increase in horticulture plantation area, the production will go up fetching more money in the hands of the farmers which will add to the other allied economic activities. With the introduction of new root stock of apple the farmers will be less susceptible to losses due to the crop failure due to disease. It is also proposed to diversify

364 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 364 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP horticulture activity by way of bringing more area under pear and almond and Nuts production. The expansion of Horticulture in the area will directly increase the income levels of all the households engaged in horticulture activities. There will be a significant increase in the area covered under horticulture. The horticulture expansion will be made sure by the increase in the irrigation facilities in the watershed area. Pears Production at Dhamandari 194. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Horticulture and Agriculture both are the major economic activity in the watershed area. Horticulture produces like Apple, Grapes, Pear, and Dry Fruitsetc. are being produced in large scale. And agriculture produces like Cabbage, Cauliflower, Potato, Tomato and Peas are being produced in for self-consumption and to meet outside demands in large extend Existing Marketing arrangements In general the agriculture produce like Cabbage, Potato, Tomato and Peasare being sold in the local market and few transport to the outside market like, Delhi etc. The horticulture produces are being transported to markets like Shimla, Chandigarh, and Delhiby road. People join together and hire trucks and send their produce to the above

365 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 365 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP mentioned markets. And sometimes they sold their produces in the local mandi (Market), where the buyers are coming from different states. 60% of the horticulture produce is being sent to outside markets for sale. Activity Self- Consumption Local Market Sales External Market Sales Market Means of Transport Agriculture 40% 15% 45% Shimla, Delhi Local Contractors Horticulture 4% 16% 80% Shimla, Chandigarh, Delhi, Truck Loads, sometimes buyers from different states PROPOSED ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Agri-Horti Collection Centre: It is proposed to construct an agriculture/horticulture product collection and storage centre in order to enable a good marketing system in the watershed area. To promote Public-Private-Community Partnership Model (PPCPEM) to set up linkages with the Big Shopping Malls and with the Big Hotels and with Food Processing Houses through Agri-Horti Collection Centre. Nursery Rising: It is proposed by the local people to start Nursery Rising in the watershed area. To setting up Nursery Rising is included under the component of Farm Based Micro Enterprise and also under the component of Livelihood Enhancement of BPL families. To setting up Agri-Horti Collection Centre is included under the component Livelihood enhancement of BPL Families.The concerned Panchayat Administration will construct the structure in the project area and the BPL user group will take care of the activities of the Agri-Horti Collection Centre.

366 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 366 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 196. PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Agriculture Agricultural products are being practiced as a major livelihood option for the watershed population. 2 Horticulture Horticulture is the majorlivelihood activity of the villagers, which is dominated by apple cultivation and dry fruits. Sharpincrease in the area under agriculture cultivation and increase the socio-economic status of the population in the watershed area. The cultivation area under horticulture production will be increased with diversification of crops and quality. It will also increase the economic status of the population. 3 Processing and Marketing Right now there is no structure marketing procedure for the products. Also there is no collection centre to store and gradation of the products. The marketing system will be strengthened, and linkage will be established with corporate houses and as a result of the collection centre available, which further prevents loss of products. And the farmers will get competitive price also.

367 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 367 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP XXIV. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Animal Husbandry is one of the major livelihood activities in the watershed area. As per the survey 219, households in the area are engaged in animal husbandry activities. Chief among the domesticated animals in the watershed area are Cows,Buffalo, Ox, Sheep, Horse, and Goat Increase in Milk Production Existing arrangements of fodder In general villagers collect green fodder from the personal lands. As the demand for the fodder cannot be met from the locally available sources all the time, the villagers also buy fodder from the local vendors. Stall feeding is not a regular practice here. Stall feeding is being practiced only during the winters Present status of Grass lands and pasture lands Presently there are ha of forest land and ha of permanent pasture lands in the area. The pasture lands are generally dry in nature and provide pasture only during the months from May to November. Forest Land is also totally dry and not a good source for fodder Livestock population The livestock in the village consists of 321 cows, 258Ox, 42 Sheep, 176 goats, and 14 Horses and 48 Buffalos. Majority of the cows are of Local breed. The per unit milk production is low in comparison to the other species of milch animals. Livestock Population in the Watershed Area Livestock Detail No of cows Buffalo Ox Sheep Goat Ass Yak Horse Total

368 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 368 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Livestock Population at Dhamandari Number Livestock Detail of Cows Buffalo families No Breed Milk Buffalo Milk Ox Sheep Goat Ass Yak Horse of cows Production in ltr/day Production in ltr Jersey Local Fodder Requirement The total daily fodder requirement of the watershed area accounts to kg s which includes 27312kg s of green fodder and 8491 kg s of dry fodder. Feed/Fodder Daily Requirement (Kg.) Green Fodder Dry Fodder 8491 Others 790 Total KG

369 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 369 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Green Fodder Availability at Dhamandari Status of green fodder available in a year The green fodder is available in the area during the summer season whereas due to severe winter conditions prevailing during the winter season fodder is to be procured from outside Average milk production per mulch cattle No. of Cows in the Area Total Daily Milk Production Average daily Milk production Per cow Ltrs 1.02 Ltrs There are 312 cows in the watershed area with a production of321 ltrs of milk per day. The average milk production per cow accounts to 1.02 ltrs per cow Type of grasses/fodder plants proposed to be planted in the pasture land/ private land- It has been proposed to plant the fodder species called Banda (Viscum Album Linn (Loranthaceae)), a locally available fodder species which has been proved good for the nutrition of cattle.

370 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 370 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 198. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES As per the survey data conducted by the organization (IIRD) there are 219 families involved in livestock activities. So it is important to provide them with the facilities for fodder. All the families who are currently doing livestock activities will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will improve the economic condition of the community those are involved in Animal Husbandry activities Activities Pasture Development:5 hectare of land will be covered under fodder production through community based pasture development.the activity is included under the component Development of Common Property Resources under the watershed project. Distribution of Fodder Seeds and Fodder Plants: All the households involved in livestock activities in the watershed area will be provided with fodder seeds and fodder plants. It will help them to develop the required fodder in their own lands and attain self-sufficiency in fodder. They can make dry fodder out of it and store for the winter season Justification The unavailability of good quality fodder throughout the year is a major problem being faced by the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in the watershed area. It is important to address the lack of fodder availability in order to promote and expand the livestock activities in the area. Scarcity of fodder is making it difficult to carry on with cattle rearing in the watershed area. And people in the area have shown disinterest towards cattle rearing activities. As per the Himachal statistics the cattle population is on decline. Therefore it is very important to increase good quality fodder production and ensure fodder availability throughout the year.so it is proposed to carry out fodder plant and fodder seed distribution to all the households engaged in animal husbandry activities in order to address the lack of fodder availability in the watershed area.

371 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 371 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 199. NURSERY RAISING It is proposed to raise Nursery of the local fodder species which can adapt to the local prevailing conditions instead of bringing new varieties on trial basis. The Nursery raising activity is included under livelihood enhancement component of the Non-BPL familiesand the activity will be carried out by a user group by raising various fodder plants which are feasible for the climatic and geographic conditions of the area Justification Fodder plants on one side can meet energy needs of the people during the winter season on the other side leaves of these plants are very good source of fodder EXPECTED INCREASE IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF FODDER With the distribution of good quality seeds the production as well as locality of the fodder will increase. This will ensure availability of fodder throughout the year encouraging the farmers to take up animal husbandry activities to improve their living conditions EXPECTED INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION With the availability of quality fodder though out the year, the farmers will be motivated to take up the animal husbandry activities on a broader scale. This will also motivate them for rearing improved varieties of milch animals. The production of the local species is also expected to rise because of the availability of quality fodder Animal Management Existing Cattle Breed in the area Cattle Breed No. of Cows Local 186 Jersey 135

372 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 372 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP There are mainly two breeds of cattle i.e. local breed and jersey breed existing in the watershed area Scope for further improvement in cattle breed with justification It is very important to promote the diversification of breeds in the area. Advanced breeds like Jerseyand other improved species are need to be promoted in the watershed area in order to enhance the milk production Existing status of Animal Management The prevailing present practices for the housing of animals are very traditional i.e. the cattle are housed in the ground floor of the residential houses. The animals are mostly left open to graze on the common village lands or the forest lands. The concept of stall feeding is yet not seen commonly in the village. There may be some instances of stall feeding which is being practiced during the winters Proposed Activities with justification It is proposed to introduce improved breed of cattle in the watershed area. As it is identified during the survey, the yield of the milk is very low. This is mainly due to non-availability of quality fodder as well as the milk yield of the local species is lower in comparison to the other advanced breed. The activity to introduce advanced cattle breeds will be considered under the Livelihood Enhancement of BPL Families component under the project as well as for the Non-BPL families also MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS Existing Marketing tie-ups Presently the milk production from the watershed area accounts to approximately 321 litres of milk per day. As on today there are no milk co-operatives operating in the village therefore no milk procurement systems are in existence in the village. It is observed from the discussions that the inhabitants does not consider dairy farming activity as a commercial activity rather than raising milch animals for fulfilling household dairyneeds.

373 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 373 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP So it is important to create awareness among the villagers about the potential of dairy farming as a commercial activity Proposed Activities The following activities are proposed to enhance the livestock activities and production system in the watershed area. - Improved breeds like Jersey cows will be promoted in the water shed area - Distribution of fodder seed s and plants. - Milk production will be increased Skill Development The user groups newly formed in the area will be trained on livestock activity. The members will be trained on various aspects related to cattle rearing and dairy farming. The programme will be covered under Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) which is funded by the Dept. of Rural Development, Himachal Pradesh No. of families to be benefitted All the 219 families engaged in the area will be covered under the animal husbandry programme COSTING Activity -> Fodder Plant Distribution Fodder Seed Distribution Funds with Line Departments Beneficiary Contribution for WDF 5,000 10,000 Funds from IWMP 12,500 25,000

374 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 374 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 205. EXPECTED OUTCOMES The villagers will be able to attain self-sufficiency in fodder production through the supply of fodder plants and fodder seeds. The wastelands will be used for fodder and the vegetative cover of the area will be increased PRE-INTERVENTION AND EXPECTED POST INTERVENTION STATUS Sr.No Present Status Post Intervention Status 1. Fodder Low availability, No cattle balanced fodder production, Not self-sufficient in fodder production 2. Cattle Management Low level of awareness and expertise in cattle management. 3 Milk Production Current Milk Production per cow is 1.02 litres per day. 4 Milk Marketing Milk Production is not anincome generation activity, only for selfconsumption. No milk co-operatives or SHG group. Increased availability of cattle balance fodder production, Selfsufficient in Fodder production. Increased awareness and expertise about cattle management. Milk production will be increased to 3 6 litres per cow as a result of increased fodder availability and balanced Food and scientific Technique. Milk production become a commercial activity,and the people will form a co-operative & SHG with the help of Govt. And access to the organized Markets.

375 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 375 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP XXV. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES 207. STATUS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPRS) IN THE PROJECT AREA Existing CPRs Presently the Common Property Resources (CPRs) in the area are very less in number. The existing CPRs are developed by the Gram Panchayat and the Irrigation and Public Health (I& PH) Department. The existing CPRs consist of only five irrigation tanks, seven channels by the Gram Panchayat and 15 Public Water Taps by the Irrigation and Public Health Department. These CPRs are being maintained and managed by the respective Gram Panchayat and I&PH Department. People collect drinking water from the Public Water Taps depending upon availability. Existing CPRs in the watershed area Irrigation Tanks Channel Public Water Taps PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION The following activities are proposed for the development of common property resources in the area: Pasture Development:The purpose of Pasture Development is for ensuring availability of fodder.an area of 5 hectare of community land will be converted as pasture land. This activity will be carried out by the Dhamandri Panchayat Administration. Irrigation Tanks: The irrigation tanks were proposed by the community in order to meet the water needs for drinking and irrigation. Thirteen Irrigation water tanks are proposed to construct in the watershed area.

376 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 376 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP Water Pond:Thirteenwater pondswill be set upin the proposed watershed area COSTING Activity Pasture Development Irrigation Tank Water Pond Funds with Line Departments (Rs.) 88, ,74, Beneficiary Contribution (Rs.) for WDF Funds from IWMP (Rs.)- 1,25, ,31, ,89, Total Cost (Rs.) 1,25, ,20, ,64, Expected Outcomes The irrigation tank and water pond will address the lack of irrigation problems being faced by the farmers. The irrigation tanks and water pond will enhance the agriculture and horticulture production by expanding the irrigation facilities of the watershed area. This will increase the agriculture and horticulture productivity of the watershed area. The unused community land will be used for fodder plantation. This will address the gaps in fodder production in the watershed area. The households engaged in cattle rearing and other livestock activities will be benefited from this. The fodder problem of the water shed area will be addressed properly.

377 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 377 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP 211. Pre-intervention and Expected Post Intervention Status Sr.No Particulars Present Status Post Intervention Status 1 Fodder Availability There is not enough good quality fodder available in the watershed areathroughout the area. 2 Irrigation No irrigation systems prevalent in the water shed area at present The households who practice animal husbandry will be able to meet the fodder requirement locally throughout the year. All the cultivated lands will be covered under the new irrigation Tank.

378 Detailed Project Report (DPR) 378 of Dhamandari Watershed under IWMP XXVI. NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 212. Existing Status Now-a-days Natural Resource Management is very crucial for the survival of any human society. The watershed area is prone to soil erosion and landslides. This area is required to be treated so that further degradation of the soil and landslides can be checked PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WITH JUSTIFICATION Activities In order to address the issues the following activities to manage and preserve the Natural Resources are proposed: Crate Wire: The crate wires are proposed to check landslides and soil erosion in the watershed area. The treatment will be made with bio-engineering measures Effect of Soil Erosion at Dhamandari Check Dam and Channel: Check Dam is being constructed for rain water harvesting.