Private-public partnership on eggplant (pre-)breeding using a participatory approach

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1 Private-public partnership on eggplant (pre-)breeding using a participatory approach Jaime Prohens 1 COMAV Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain; jprohens@btc.upv.es

2 The case: Eggplant local variety This case involves a local variety of eggplant (Almagro eggplant) Facts: -Cultivated area: around 60 ha (too little market for seed companies) -Has a Protected Geographical Indication status -Special use: pickles -Farmers and manufacturers are associated -Social crop (additional income many families) a c e b d f. g i h j

3 The problem: heterogeneity and prickliness Manufacturers and farmers complained on homogeniety and prickliness

4 The beginning of the partnership -Association interested in a selection programme, but reluctant to provide funding -Eggplant breeding group of UPV with experience in eggplant breeding -Regional government willing to support local products PUBLIC 3-YEAR PROJECT Regional government PRIVATE Funding Association University Scientific expertise Technical expertise Fields Plant cultivation -Participatory approach

5 The beginning of the partnership Use of a participatory approach

6 The beginning of the partnership Use of a participatory approach

7 The beginning of the partnership -Association interested in a selection programme, but reluctant to provide funding -Eggplant breeding group of UPV with experience in eggplant breeding -Regional government willing to support local products PUBLIC 3-YEAR PROJECT Regional government PRIVATE Funding Association University Scientific expertise Technical expertise Fields Plant cultivation -Participatory approach -New plant material belong to the Association

8 The beginning of the partnership Selection within the local variety

9 The beginning of the partnership Selection within the local variety Selection of a pure line (H15) with higher yield and lower prickliness

10 The continuation of the partnership The H15 selection is a considerable improvement, but a further reduction of prickliness would be desirable PUBLIC BREEDING PROGRAMME Regional government PRIVATE Funding (reduced) Association Technical expertise Fields Plant cultivation University Scientific expertise -Participatory approach -New plant material belong to the Association (royalties for University)

11 The continuation of the partnership Backcross programme: Breeding programme to remove prickliness: Evaluation and selection in farmers fields BCn Cycle 2n+1, Summer, Year n+1, Open field Uprooted selected plants transplanted in greenhouse Donor parental (F1 or line) H15 line Cycle 1, Summer, Year 1, Greenhouse Selfing BCn Cycle 2n+2, Winter, Year n+2, Greenhouse Selection if donor an F1 F1 H15 line Cycle 2, Winter, Year 1, Greenhouse Evaluation and selection in farmers fields BCnS1 Cycle 2n+3, Summer, Year n+2, Open field Evaluation and selection in farmers fields Uprooted selected plants transplanted in greenhouse BC1 Cycle 3, Summer, Year 2, Open field Uprooted selected plants transplanted in greenhouse Selfing BCnS1 Cycle 2n+4, Winter, Year n+3, Greenhouse BC1 H15 line Cycle 4, Winter, Year 2, Greenhouse Evaluation and selection in farmers fields BCnS2 Cycle 2n+5, Summer, Year n+4, Open field Evaluation and selection in farmers fields BC2 Cycle 5, Summer, Year 3, Open field Uprooted selected plants transplanted in greenhouse Uprooted selected plants transplanted in greenhouse Seed increase BCnS3 Cycle 2n+6, Winter, Year n+4, Greenhouse Repeat last two cycles until desired recovery of recurrent parent characteristics BC2 H15 line Cycle 6, Winter, Year 3, Greenhouse Extensive evaluation trials in farmers fields BCnS3 Selected Almagro lines Cycle 2n+7, Summer, Year n+5, Open field

12 The continuation of the partnership Breeding programme to remove prickliness: Non-prickly pickling eggplant Donors with no prickles: Commercial hybrid Local variety Recurrent parent: H15 selection

13 The continuation of the partnership Breeding programme to remove prickliness: F1 with non-prickly pickling eggplant F1 with commercial hybrid

14 The continuation of the partnership Breeding programme to remove prickliness: Selection in backcrosses of materials with Almagro-type characteristics and no-prickles

15 The next step of the partnership Pre-breeding programme to improve bioactive properties: Facts: -Almagro eggplant has a very high content in chlorogenic acid (main phenolic compound of eggplant) -Further increases would contribute to increased added value

16 The next step of the partnership Pre-breeding programme to improve bioactive properties: Facts: -Almagro eggplant has a very high content in chlorogenic acid (main phenolic compound of eggplant) -Further increases would contribute to increased added value

17 The next step of the partnership Pre-breeding programme to improve bioactive properties: Facts: -Cultivated gboma eggplant (S. macrocarpon) has a chlorogenic acid content twice higher than Almagro eggplant Almagro eggplant S. macrocarpon

18 The next step of the partnership Pre-breeding programme to improve bioactive properties: PRE-BREEDING PROGRAMME PUBLIC FUNDING PRIVATE University Association Scientific expertise Technical expertise -Participatory approach -New plant material belong to the Association (royalties for University)

19 The next step of the partnership Pre-breeding programme to improve bioactive properties: Hybridization and embryo rescue Fruits of interspecific hybrid plants

20 The next step of the partnership Pre-breeding programme to improve bioactive properties: Backcrossing with MAS and phenotypic selection for high chlorogenic acid content and Almagro genome background selection

21 The eggplant partnership case The public-private partnerships in vegetable crops usually follow the following scheme TIME FUNDING PUBLIC PRIVATE TYPE OF ACTIVITY PRE-BREEDING BREEDING The eggplant case presented is an odd case and follows a different scheme TIME FUNDING PUBLIC PRIVATE TYPE OF ACTIVITY BREEDING PRE-BREEDING

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23 Another eggplant partnership case Tri-national project (Spain, Sri Lanka, Ivory Coast): Utilization of crop wild relatives in eggplant pre-breeding for adaptation to climate change