Agricultural Finance in the Sudan. An Organizational Approach & Problem Conceptualization

Transcription

1 FARMING & RURAL SYSTEMS ECONOMICS edited by Werner Doppler and Siegfried Bauer VOLUME 91 in the Sudan An Organizational Approach & Problem Conceptualization Dr. El Fadil Ahmed Ismail ISBN ISSN MARGRAF PUBLISHERS

2 Preface Acknowledgements Table of Contents List of Figures and Boxes List of Tables and Appendices List of Glossary, Acronyms and Conversion Factors i iv v ix x xi 1. INTRODUCTION Background on the Economy, Agriculture and Problem Statement and Justification for the Resarch Study Study Significance and Scope of Research Objectives of the Study Research Methodology and Analytical Techniques used in the 7 Analysis 1.6 Policy Relevancy, Hypotheses and Research Questions Organization of the Study THE CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS OF 15 THE AGRICULTURAL FINANCE POLICY IN SUDAN 2.1 Definitions Concepts, Approaches and Frameworks Considerations and Precausions in Developing Conceptual 19 Frameworks Inherent Dangers of Misconduct and Problem Mis- 19 conceptualization Understanding the Environment for Agricultural finance in 20 Sudan Role of Information in Developing an Ideal Conceptual 22 Framework Elements of a Coherent Conceptual Framework for The Importance of Qualitative Characteristics in Building 25 a Coherent Framework 2.4 Methodological Approach for Conceptualizing the Problem of 26 < 2.5 Literature Review and Empirical Studies The Current Situation and the Need for a Conceptual Framework Characterization of Agriculture in the Sudan 34

3 2.8 The Institutional and Organizational Features of the Financial 38 Systems in Sudan The Central Bank of Sudan (CBoS) The Salient Features of & Loan 49 Lending in Sudan Sources of to Agriculture Islamic Modes of to Agriculture The Agric-related Formal Sector The Agricultural Bank of Sudan (ABS) Savings and Social Development Bank (SSDB) Other Commercial Banks Non-bank Financial Institutions The Agric-related Informal Sector Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) Credit Unions, Community Banks and Cooperatives Individual Moneylenders An Organizational Approach to Agricultural Lending An Overview of the Financial and Fiscal policieis 73 vis a' vis 2.11 Financing Agricultural Term Investments in the Sudan The Strategic path way to Efficacy in Efficiacy in Agricultural Lending Agricultural Insurance and its Role in Agricultural 85 Lending Mechanisms for Promoting Improved Financial - 91 management Skills Gender issues in agricultural finance AN OUTLOOK FOR THE WAY OUT OF THE VICIOUS CYCLE 95 IN AGRICULTURAL FINANCE IN SUDAN 3.1 A Relevant Application for An 95 Conceptual Framework 3.2 Regulatory Framework and Support Policies for Agricultural The Public Sector and Government Role Macroeconomic Policies (Fiscal and Financial 102 Policies) The Mechanisms of Decision Making Process in 105

4 Anti-coruption Measures in Financial Transactions Investment Laws and Financial Concession in 112 Agriculture The Role of the International Financial Institutions The Subsidary Role of NGOs in Financing Agriculture The Role of Informal Private Institutions Research and Development in Service of Agricultural Political, Economic, Social, and Technological Frameworks to,. -- Efficently Promoting Essential Factors Influencing & 117 Investments Essential Elements in Policy Making related to Enhancing Political Support towards Farmers Associations & Networking in Agricultural 122 Financing Financing High Value Adding & Simple Technology to 124 Increase Agricultural Productivity 3.4 Credits, Loans and the Environemnal Issues The Relationships between Micro, Meso (Regional), and Macro 125 Agric In Plans and Strategies related to In Programmes and Activities Related to Agricultural The IFAD's Framework: An Application to 126 in Sudan 3.7 The Role of Information in Promoting Quantitative Information in Policies lQuantitative Information and Credit Scoring Quantitative Risk Measuring Qualitative Information in Policies SUCCESS, CONSTRAINTS, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE 137 PROSPECTS FOR AGRICULTURAL FINANCE 4.1 Agricultural Policy Goals and Instruments An Analysis of the Spheres of in Sudan The Marketing Sphere The Production Sphere 142

5 viii Table of Contents The Consumption Sphere The Success Factors in Agricultural Lending The Problems and Constraints Facing the Existing Plocies and 144 Systems 4.5 The Challenge and the Future prospects Modelling and Related Systems Further Research Issues & Modelling SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS Summary The Conclusions and Findings Recommendations and Policy implications 158 References 161 Appendices 169