Idele French livestock Institut

Transcription

1 Idele French livestock Institut Environmental investment in ruminants farms Hélène Chambaut +33 (0)

2 The french livestock institute A specialized R&D organization by farmers for farmers GENETICS HUSBANDRY & ENVIRONMENT FARM & PRODUCT QUALITY ECONOMICS FARMERS & SOCIETY LIVESTOCK INFORMATION SYSTEMS FARMING SYSTEMS & NETWORKS 2

3 A hub organization in knowledge and innovation transfer

4 Embarking solid resources for quick responses and relevant strategies 12 experimental farms Network of 2,000 reference farms Residential training facilities 200 Specialists (PhD, MSc) Hundreds of experts available within advisory networks & professional organizations 11 Regional offices 4

5 Sharing knowledge a multifaceted mission 5

6 Disseminating information a flagship 4,000 web articles 3 economic news magazines Webzines and e-newsletters 200 books published E-library technipel.idele.fr Present in 5 professional agriculture shows 9,000 participants in field days or conferences 1,500 trainees 6

7 Environmental issues Jean-Baptiste Dollé, André Le GALL Environment and Housing Department Team : Sylvain Foray, Elise Lorinquer, Vincent Manneville, Armelle Gac, Syndie Moreau, Thomas Béchu, Chartier, Chambaut Hélène, Jacques Capdeville, JL Menard, JY Blanchin, P.Michler, P. Tresche 7

8 Livestock : negatives impacts and positives contributions! Air GHG Ammonia Landscape Biodiversity Territory Élevage Livestock = 11% Livestock= 45% Soil/ Natural Ressources Energies fossiles Livestock = 2% C sequestration Ressource Eutrophication Eau

9 Evolution of items 1990 N03 Territory 1995 N03, NH3, Pesticides 2013 N, P, GHG, Pesticides, Water ressources, Energie, Biodiversity world

10 Aim : combine profitability and environnement Herd Housing - Storage Forage / crops

11 , many studies on manure management To collect urine and faeces in housing systems To store manure avoid direct water contamination from buildings produce manure/slurry types adapted to soil contraints, spreadable, avoid dilution.etc Better knowledge of organic fertilizers types to advice farmers in best way to use them

12 , many studies and investments In manure processing (composting, traitment) Manure valorization by plants In dirty water management

13 Less nitrates in breeding regions Average nitrates concentration and Surface water Decreasing : 0,8 to 1 mg NO3/liter/year since 1995

14 Experimentations 14

15 Minimise water pollutions in farming systems Fr fa enc rm h s fod d er cr op Whole farm approach : NPC fluxes mesasurements Analyse nitrate leaching risk and find best management Soil N content when drainage start Organic farms Farm gate balance Grassland system,uk

16 Emission Factors acquisition Ammonia measurement after manure application 16

17 Emission Factors acquisition Nitrous oxyde measurement on pasture UMT GES N20

18 Emission Factors acquisition Ammonia and GHG measurement in housing Deep Litter => FYM Cubicles => slurry UMT GES N20

19 Multicriteria Environmental Analysis 19

20 On French database French database construct to give national technical, structure, economic references Farms with same characteristics than the national typology 1420 farms multi-species (ex 400 dairy farms) 20

21 Energy efficiency Optimum level, intermediate and high level of energy consumption in farms Grass based 2100 Grass+ maize 2250 Maïze mainly Farm buildings :"positive energy"and ecoconception 21

22 Carbon footprint High variability in milk or beef Carbon emission Gross carbon footprint Net carbon footprint +30% -30% +30% 10-30% -10% +10% -10% Dairy&crops Plain Montain No difference between systems 1.2 to 1.3 kg CO2/liter milk Important variability within system % Maïze +30% -30% +30% 10-30% -10% +10% -10% Dairy&crops Plain Montain More differences between systems 0.8 to 1.2 kg CO2/liter milk C storage compensation in a range of 5 to 35%

23 A positive evolution of the carbon footprint!

24 Developpement of environmental tools for advisers and farmers 24

25 Software on environnemental items 1997 Dexel : water pollution prevention, slurry storage adapted to spreading favorable time Composim : nutrients in slurry link to animal feed and type of buildings and storage Methasim : to analyse opportunity to biogaz plant on farm Diaterre : énergetic diagnosis on farm to reduce reliance and increase of cost productions CAP2ER : Cycle analysis "eutrophisation, acidification, climate warming 2014

26 CAP 2ER tool Simplified level To be used easily by farmers, 15 technical parameters Complete level for advisers To To To To calculate Environmental issues link environment and practices, build mitigations plan build national observatory, > 100 technical parameters /

27 The French dairy production carbon plan LIFE CARBON DAIRY Task : - 20 % GHG emissions in 10 years Bring to dairy farmers and stackholders the methodologies and tools to know the climate change problematic and modify their practices Promote innovative pratices and sustainable dairy systems at technicoeconomic, social and environmental level Set up a national dynamic to demonstrate to farmers and stackeholders the interest and the faisability of a carbon plan Develop the climatic road map of the dairy production by describing mitigation techniques, innovative systems and the partnership strategy to be set up at the national level to apply this plan

28 6 pilots régions demonstration farms 60 innovatives farms 5 technical actions Bretagne Nord Pas-de-Calais Basse Normandie 400 FD 10 FP 300 FD 10 FP Lorraine 100 FD- 10 FP 2000 FD 10 FP 700 FD 10 FP Pays de la Loire FD : Démonstration farms FP : Innovative farms Rhône-Alpes 400 FD 10 FP

29 Large french partnership The LIFE CARBON DAIRY beneficiaries Partners associated to the dairy production carbon plan La volonté d impliquer l ensemble des acteurs de la filière pour construire la feuille de route climatique et la stratégie partenariale

30 European projects : 10 years of exchanges Green dairy : N efficiency in dairy farms atlantic area Dairy Man : Nutrient, GHG, exchange between farmers Cantogether : take advantage to grow crops and animals to enhance NPC cycling, and profitability Euro dairy 30

31 Nitrogen efficiency Belgium France Germany Ireland Lux Netherlands 31

32 GHG Emissions Belgium France Germany Ireland Lux Netherlands 32

33 Not only cattle farms! Lamb carbon footprint France/ NewZeland FR - FR -

34 Others investigations : Water Footprint Biodiversity Pesticide use 34

35 Collaboration Air GHG Ammonia Landscape Biodiversity Territory Soil/ Natural Ressources Élevage Energies fossiles C sequestration Nitrate leaching Ressource Eutrophication Eau

36 THANK YOU 36

37 The European project Dairyman Grass systems Maïze + grass system (feeding) Maïze + grass system (pasture) 37

38 More milk/cow and less mineral fertilizer Maize system Maize / grass system Grass system L milk/cow N surplus N / ha concentrate g/l lait g CO2 / l milk , , , , , , , , ,1