Appropriate Technology and Green Economy

Transcription

1 Appropriate Technology and Green Economy Technology, Entertainment, and Design for 90% Courtesy: Yann-Arthus Bertrand * This presentation does not represent any specific organization nor institution. Juhern Kim Jan 25 th, 2011 Seoul, Republic of Korea

2 Sustainability Meeting two goals of sustainability High human development and low ecological impact Source: WWF Living Planet Report 2006 ecological footprint human development Source: United Nations Human Development Index UNEP GREEN ECONOMY INITIATIVE UNEP GREEN ECONOMY INITIATIVE

3 Sustainable Development Social Environmental Economic Development must be sustainable in economic, social, and environmental terms and integrate these three dimensions. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Brundtland Commission (1987)

4 Finding Linkage between AT and GE Appropriate Technology Green Economy Agriculture, Buildings, Manufacturing, Energy, Fisheries, Transport, Water, Waste, etc.

5 Green vs. Economy GREEN ECONOMY Shutterstock Shutterstock - Ecological - Environmental Protection - Social Justice (green parties) - household (ancient Greek, oikos) - 经 ( 世 ) 济 ( 俗 ): govern (a society) + provide (for its people) - Maximize provision of goods & services/ Minimize price instability - More is better. (traditional)

6 Greening of an economy Compatible with the natural environment Environmentally friendly Green Economy is Ecological Socially just Source: UNEP

7 Fundamental Criteria from Rio Using renewable resources Creating renewable substitutes Greening of an Economy Limiting pollution Maintaining ecosystem Source: UNEP

8 Sustainability Family Green New Deal Green Growth Sustainable Development GREEN ECONOMY Low Carbon Economy Circular Economy APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY Shutterstock MDGs SCP

9 Green Economy Working Definition (UNEP) A Green Economy can be defined as one that results in improved human well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. Source: UNEP 3. GEI Analysis

10 Investing Green Sectors Investment Job Creation Forces that generate new economic opportunities, not constraints on an economy

11 Green Economy links to Engine of Growth Employment Solution to Poverty Source: UNEP Green Economy Initiative (2010) 3. GEI Analysis

12 # Case study 1. China 2. Bangladesh 3. India 4. Nepal

13 Solar Water Heater - China Economic Benefit - Profitable (industry) + Saving fuel costs Environmental Benefit - Reduce fossil fuel consumption Social Benefit - 600,000 people employed + reduce risk of Rheumatoid arthritis Source: UNEP Green Economy Developing Countries Success Stories (2010)

14 Solar PV - Bangladesh Innovative Business Model Grameen Shakti (GS) Economic Benefit - Micro lending concept, 20 technology centers set up, 300,000 installed as of 2009 Environmental Benefit - Reduce fossil fuel consumption Social Benefit - Community participation: 660 women employed, 600 youth trained, aiming to create 100,000 jobs by 2015 Solar Home Systems (SHSs) Source: UNEP Green Economy Developing Countries Success Stories (2010)

15 Water Management - India NREGA Environmental Benefit - conserve an estimated 5 mil litres of water - restored over 500 year-old water stroage tanks network Social Benefit - Generated 3.5 bn days of work - Boosted average wage for agricultural labourers by more than 25 % over its three-year history Source: UNEP Green Economy Developing Countries Success Stories (2010) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005

16 Forest Management - Nepal Community Forest User Groups (CFUGs) -14,000 Environmental Benefit - Restoring forest resources in Nepal (1.35%/annum increase during ) Social Benefit - Employment, income generation from forest protection, tree felling and log extraction/ inclusive growth (scholarship programme) - CFUGs influence to forest management Source: USAID/Nepal Source: UNEP Green Economy Developing Countries Success Stories (2010)

17 Implications to Appropriate Tech. Solar Water Heater Solar Panel * Common ground - Environment - Employment - Local Community - Reducing poverty NERGA CFUGs * Strategic use of precedents - Entrepreneur/ Investor - Donor - Policymaker

18 Top-down + Bottom-up +@ Local community + Entrepreneurs + + Government + Business Action programmes on a national and supernational basis are needed to develop intermediate technologies (appropriate technologies) suitable for the promotion of full employment in developing countries. - E.F. Schumacher <Small is Beautiful>

19 Conclusion - Steps in Becoming a Full Global Citizen Witnessing: Opening our eyes Learning: Opening our minds Connecting: Creating relationships Geo-partnering: Working together Quoted from <Global Citizen> written by Mark Gerzon

20 TEEB Synthesis Korean Version Coming soon in February

21 Thank you Courtesy: Yann-Arthus Bertrand