National Bureau of Statistics

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1 National Bureau of Statistics UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Related Statistics and Indicators Tanzania Experience Presented by : Ruth Minja, Principal Statistician, NBS - Tanzania Workshop: The Expert Group on Environment Statistics New York Date: 16 th 18 th May 2018

2 Contents 1. Background Information 2. National Efforts on Compilation of Climate Change Related Statistics 3. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Key Results 4. Key Observations and Challenges 5. Key Recommendations

3 1. Background Information Geographical location: Eastern Africa Total area covered: 947,600 sq. km; Projected total population: 54 million in 2018 Annual total rainfall : 550mm mm Annual mean max. temp.: 26.6 C 33.1 C Map of Africa showing location of Tanzania Annual mean min. temp.: 5.3 C 18.3 C

4 1. Background Information Climate changes are among the biggest challenges of the 21 st century to sustainable development. In Tanzania, the impacts associated with climate changes are already experienced in many sectors essential for human livelihood in vulnerable communities (URT, 2013). Currently, more than 70% of all natural disasters in Tanzania are climate change related and are linked to recurrent droughts and floods (Tanzania Climate Action Report,2015 ). Tanzania published its National Climate Change Strategy in 2012, to address both adaptation and mitigation in line with the country s vision for sustainable development

5 2. National Efforts on Compilation of Climate Change Related Statistics Establishment of NTWG on Environments Statistics coordinated by NBS Compilation of climate related data and information NESR, 2017 FDES, 2013 compliance VPO-DoE: Policy Related Data TMA: Annual Publication On Climate Change Aligning the SDGs climate related indicators with national development programs Tanzania has several policy framework which integrates climate change issues Tanzania has ratified and is implementing various Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs)

6 2. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Introduction In October 2014, the Conference of European Statisticians (CES) set up the Task Force to develop a Set of Key Climate Change-Related Statistics and Indicators using SEEA The Task Force proposed a set of 39 indicators, grouped into Five Areas of climate change:- Drivers, Emissions, Impacts, Mitigation and Adaptation UNSD was requested to review and pilot the list to consider it as a basis for developing a global set of climate change statistics and indicators, applicable to countries at various stages of development The aim of the pilot survey were :- To test the applicability and the availability of data and To get information about possible alternative and additional indicators which are used by countries.

7 1. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Procedures Followed The following step by step procedures were followed to pilot the questions:- Review of the indicators, questions and the UNSD instruction by NBS and NTWG Identification of data sources and responsible institutions for each indicator Distribute questionnaires to responsible institutions for data collection Follow up and assistance to fill the questions and submission to UNSD

8 1. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Key Results Availability Development stage of the Available indicators Message: Out of 39 indicators, almost half, 19 indicators equivalent to 49% are available in the country 13 or (33%) indicators are not available and there was no data for 7 indicators (18%) of 39 indicators Message : Most of the available indicators 13 indicators or 69% are under development, complexity of indicators Only 5 indicators or 26% of the available indicators are fully matured

9 1. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Key Results Sustainability of Compilation and Dissemination of the Available Indicators Indicators by Organization Message : Out of 19 indicators available, 16 indicators or 84% of them will be sustainably compiled and disseminated There is possibility of failing to continue producing 3 indicators, equivalent to 16% Message : Only, 3 or 16% of the available indicators are produced by NBS, more than Half, 16 or 84% are produced by MDAs. This calls for strengthening compilation of Administration Data within NSS to ensure quality of data produced

10 1. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Key Results Relevance of the Proposed Indicators; IF Q.1 IS NO AND Q. 11 IS NO Number of Indicators which are not Relevant to Compile by Area Message : About half, 17 or 44% of the proposed indicators are not relevant to compile in the country Assumption used: If an indicator had no information for analysis AND is not available and there is no plan to produce such indicator in the next three years Message : There are more indicators (5 or 29%) under impacts are not relevant to compile in Tanzania

11 1. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Key Observations and Challenges The response rate was reasonable for analysis (82%) Some of the indicators (44%) were not relevant to the country resulting to seven indicators equivalent to 18% of indicators with no information for analysis. Alternative indicators or more specific indicators to Developing Countries is recommended. Existence of 13 indicators equivalent to 69% out of the available indicators in the country classified as under development, indicated the complexity nature of the proposed indicators to Developing countries The exercise required participation of many MDAs which took time to comply with the UNSD submission time frame

12 1. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Key Recommendations Basing on the key observations, Tanzania is recommending to UNSD to consider; Expanding the assessment of climate change drivers, impacts, adaptation and mitigation to Developing Countries to improve relevance of the indicators across the regions. There is little consideration on Developing Countries during the development of the proposed indicators. Eg. Climatic factors such as incidences of sporadic extreme weather events are increasing in many Developing Countries with severe consequences on food production, water access and energy generation Using the FDES as a guide to the development of the global set of climate change statistics and indicators. In this regard, the IPCC-based framework included in FDES Chapter 5, which also includes vulnerability (very important for developing countries) can be used for global work instead of the framework of climate change drivers, impacts, adaptation and mitigation.

13 1. UNSD Pilot Survey on Climate Change Key Recommendations Basing on the key observations, Tanzania is also recommending to UNSD to consider: expanding the sub-areas as appropriate to address more issues, such as oceans developing a longer list of indicators suitable to countries at various stages of development organized in a tiering system. grouping some of the indicators by considering different levels of development by regions. For instance:- Indicator number 27 on Heat-related mortality to monitor regions where there is extreme temperature, etc. developing stronger synergies with UNFCCC to support the policy/statistics interface at the national level and encourage NSOs to be more involved in data provision to UNFCCC.

14 Asante! Thank you!