Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook

Transcription

1 Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook Reuben Sessa Natural Resources Officer (climate change) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Doha 1 December 2012

2 With 10 key messages: CSA origins and progress Required ag transformation to address food security and CC. Adoption of practices. Adoption of Ecosystem and Landscape approaches. Fill data and knowledge gaps. Finance to small-holders. Institutional capacity for dissemination and support. Integration of multiple requirements. Greater policy consistency. 3 related to financing mechanisms 2009 Rome Food Security and Agricultural Mitigation in Developing Countries: Options for Capturing Synergies 2010 Hague FAO Conference Document: Climate-Smart Agriculture: Policies, Practices and Financing for Food Security, Adaptation and Mitigation

3 Sourcebook modules Section C Section A Section B 9. DRR 1. Concept and scope 3. Farming practices 6. Institutions 10. Safety nets 2. Landscape approach 4. Farming systems 7. Policy 11. Capacity building 5. Food chains 8. Finance 12. Assessment

4 Module 1 General principles of CSA Lead authors: Alexander Meybeck/Vincent Gitz 1. Challenges 1 billion hungry Production to increase by 60% by 2050 for bigger richer population Competition for limited and degraded resource base Adaptation to Climate Change, resiliance shocks, production stability 2. CSA definition and scope Including overview of interlinkages and consideratinos for implementation 3. Context Including how CSA relates to boarder context (e.g. green growth)

5 Module 2 Landscape Approach Lead authors: MarjaLiisa Tapio Bistrom and Lisen Runsten CSA requires landscape interventions to manage common resourses, build ecosystem services, and create local governance to manage tradeoffs and promote synergies. What the sourcebook is still missing Data on economics of landscape approach, benefits and costs to farmers, other land users and stakeholders at different levels.

6 Module 3 Practices and Module 4 Systems Coordinator: Reuben Sessa Resources management Water management: Jean Marc Faures Soil management: Sally Bunning and Ronald Vargas Energy: Olivier Dubois Genetic resources: Linda Collette Includes specific ecosystem case studies such as mountains. Looking for case studies with natural resource, CC, economic, social data. Systems Crops: Nadine Azzu Livestock: Pierre Gerber Forestry: Susan Braatz Fisheries: Randall Brummett (WB) and Cassandra De Young And especially integrated systems such as agro-forestry, crop-fish, etc.

7 Module 5 Post-harvest services and food chains Coordinator: Tamara Vantwout and Reuben Sessa Increasing efficiency and reducing resource use (including energy) Reducing loss and waste Creating positive divers (e.g. Sustainable diets) Production -> post harvest handling -> processing -> distribution -> retail -> consumer (and waste along the chain and its use) Case studies: Vegetable, livestock and dairy products, fish, etc. Value Food production Post harvest + storage proces sing distributio n Waste, energy, etc. consum ption Dispos al of food Consumer behavior

8 Section C: Enabling Environment for Adoption Module 6 Institutional infrastructure Lead Author: Patti Kristjanson (CCAFS / CGIAR) To achieve CSA uptake requires an enabling environment. Local institutional strengthening to: 1. Knowledge generation and dissemination (extension) 2. Provide services (credit, seeds, fertilizer, etc.) 3. Support collaborative action (cooperatives and community based initiatives). Still looking for concrete case studies.

9 Module 7 Policy development Lead Author: Marjory-Anne Bromhead 1. Consistency between agriculture, food security and climate change policies. 2. Incorporating climate smart agriculture into national planning. 3. Creating institutional and financial support for the transition of smallholders. 4. Provide incentives for and enable long term investments 5. Facilitate collective management of natural resources 6. Reduce risk and provide insurance 7. Facilitate aggregation of MRV activities 8. Provide equitable level of access including to carbon rights Policy measures for adoption of CSA practices include: 1. Legal and regulatory frameworks. 2. Incentives. 3. Addressing market failures and barriers for CSA uptake.

10 Module 8 Financial instruments and investments Lead Author: Christian Mersmann and Louis Bockel Support CSA transitions through: Overcoming short term adoption barriers Incentives for adoption of CSA practices, including through payment for ecosystem services Access climate finance streams Blending of different financing sources(climate/development and public/private resources). Currently not sufficient committed resources (nationally, internationally) to achieve needed transitions Developing resources and mechanisms to support transitions over extended periods of time is a major challenge Linking climate finance to climate smart agriculture transitions can help. B. Investment Barrier to Adoption New management practices introduced Baseline net income Temporary net loss to farmer Current net income Source: FAO 2007 Time ==> US$ billions per year (gross) Current investment Meeting demand in 2050 Additional Funding for Mitigation Public Private

11 Module 9 Disaster risk reduction Lead Author: Monica Trujillo and Stephan Bass CC will further compound existing hazards to agriculture. Address how to build on current disaster risk reduction strategies to respond to extreme weather events. Reviews traditional knowledge, technologies and management practices that can be used. Discuss national institutional policy and planning frameworks to ensure up scaling. Disaster Risk Reduction Risk assessments: Multi-hazard risk analysis and mapping Bottoms-up participatory approaches: CBDRM Know-how and knowledge sharing: Proven technologies & practices for DRR Enabling environment: Legislations, policies and plans for DRR Global policy framework: Hyogo Framework for Action

12 Module 10 Risk insurance and social protection Lead Author: Catherine Zanev and Carlo Scaramella Addresses the challenges of the adoption of CSA by the most vulnerable. Measures such as social cash and food transfers and weather index insurance schemes and how to use them most appropriately.

13 Module 11 Capacity development Lead Author: Claudia Hiepe Review the different types of capacity building required from ministries to farm level implementation. It highlights the requirements of stakeholders such as access information, advisory services, R and D. It includes the use of IT technologies such web, mobile as well tv and radio. Closely linked with Module 6

14 Module 12 Monitoring and assessment Lead Author: Hideki Kanamaru Assessments and monitoring which are essential for making appropriate choices and determining successes and problems of CSA interventions. It will discusses the climatic, environmental, social and economic parameters that need to be considered And it will reviews the tools and methods available.

15 Where are we? 1. Lead authors have created first drafts of modules 2. Core contributors, contributing and revising text 3. E-consultation process to begin If interested contact to register.

16 THANK YOU

17 Your Help Required

18 Where are we? CSA is -Context specific (env, eco, soc) There is no one good practice... - One practice, policy or finance is not always applicable - Assessing synergies/tradeoffs across multiple objectives is fundamental What still required for the sourcebook Data and information and case studies of the use of practices, policy and finance with data on resulting changes in a number of parameters including production, economic, environment, social. Allow readers to understand what needs to be considered in implementing effective CSA interventions.