Disaster Prevention Functions and Conservation Measures in Rural Areas

Transcription

1 Disaster Prevention Functions and Conservation Measures in Rural Areas Yohei Sato, Dr. Professor, Tokyo University of Agriculture President, International Society of Paddy and Water Environment Engineering

2 Introduction

3 Bodies of water, rivers, water channels 4% Undeveloped flatlands 1% Residential 5% Roads 3% Other 8% Agricultural 13% Total area m ha Farmland 4.84 m ha Forests 66% Current Land Use in Japan

4 (persons) 7000 Makurazaki typhoon Fukui earthquake 4897 Isewan typhoon 5868 Hanshin-Awaji 6481 earthquake '45 '47 '49 '51 '53 '55'57'59 '61 '63'65 '67 '69 '71'73 '75 '77 '79 '81'83'85 '87 '89 '91'93 '95 '97 '99 '01 (year) Number of dead and missing from natural disasters

5 Damage from recent disasters

6 1) Earthquake Damage (Chu-Etsu Earthquake in 2004 )

7 Damaged Dam and Irrigation Pond (Kawanishi Dam)

8 Caved-in road

9 Cave-in in spillway

10 Crack on embankment of irrigation pond

11 2) Damage from winds, floods and landslides

12 Crop damage from typhoons in 2004 Typhoons Typhoon No. 6 Seasonal rain front Typhoons Nos Typhoon 15, seasonal rain front Typhoon 16 Typhoon 18 Typhoon 21 Typhoon 22 Typhoon 23 Total Total damage (m\) 20,111 67,993 23,725 55,108 96, ,860 81,845 12, , ,965

13 Disaster prevention functions of rural areas

14 Disaster prevention of a m ountain Carbon dioxide is absorbed and stored Form ation of a good landscape Preservation of nationallife property G round water recharge Tradition of culture R estoration of body and m ind O ffer of the place of recreation,exchange, and study Preservation of land Preservation of naturalenvironm ent Preservation of a living environm ent Environm entalpreservation The source:2002,food and agriculture and ruralw h ite paper Illustration of Multifunctionality

15 The multifunctionality of agriculture can be broadly classified into: (1) Ensuring a stable food supply, (2) Ensuring the safety of the land, (3) Groundwater recharge, (4) Preserving the natural environment, (5) Forming an attractive landscape, (6) Transmitting cultural traditions. January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 15

16 The multifunctionality of forestry can be broadly classified into: (1) Producing lumber and other materials, (2) Preventing disasters in the mountains, (3) Conserving watersheds, (4) Absorbing and storing carbon dioxide, (5) Maintaining biodiversity, (6) Preserving the living environment, (7) Promoting health and culture. January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 16

17 The multifunctionality of fisheries can be broadly classified into: (1) Ensuring a stable supply of fisheries products, (2) Protecting the lives and property of the people, (3) Preserving the environment, (4) Providing a place for recreation, interaction and learning, (5) Passing on cultural traditions. January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 17

18 Values of the Multifunctionality of Agriculture Category of Function Annual value (bill. \) Flood prevention 3,498.8 River flow stabilization 1,463.3 Groundwater recharge 53.7 Prevention of soil erosion Prevention of landslide January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 18

19 Values of the Multifunctionality of Forests Category of Function Annual value (bill. \) Prevention of surface erosion 28,256.5 Prevention of shallow landslide 8,442.1 Flood mitigation 6,468.6 Storage of water resources 8,740.7 January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 19

20 Disaster prevention functions performed by rural communities

21 Rural Communities Maintaining and managing irrigation and drainage channels Flood control brigades January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 21

22 Role of organizations related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries in rural communities

23 Organizations play a key role Cable broadcasts networks run by agricultural, forestry and fisheries cooperatives are used to broadcast alerts and warnings about weather conditions and tsunamis Land improvement districts perform a key role in local flood prevention efforts. Fisheries cooperatives play a major role in relief operations. January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 23

24 Farmlands registered under the disasterprevention cooperative farmland system

25 At times of disasters: Sign means that temporary housing can be built on farmland as the evacuation sites.

26 Conclusions

27 Rice paddies and forests play a key role in land conservation. Rural communities perform many functions related to disaster prevention on a community basis. It is necessary to deepen understanding of the role that the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector plays in protecting countries against natural disasters. January 21, 2005 Yohei SATO 27

28 Many thanks for your attention!