Presentation Presentation from the Water Pavilion at the IUCN World Conservation Congress, Barcelona 2008 The Author(s), all rights reserved

Transcription

1 Presentation Presentation from the Water Pavilion at the IUCN World Conservation Congress, Barcelona 2008 The Author(s), all rights reserved INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE

2 Water Lilies, Indonesia Freshwater Biodiversity Unit, IUCN Species Programme Overseas Development Group, University of East Anglia Good Practice Toolkit for Integrated Wetland Assessment integrating species assessment, livelihoods assessment and ecosystem service valuation for improved wetland planning and management IUCN / Darwin Project Vincent Crausaz Jens Kipping International Union for Conservation of Nature

3 outline 3 year project funded by Darwin Initiative partners include ODG, IUCN offices aim is to improve protection of wetlands key output is the IWA toolkit process and methods for site-level assessment

4 Stung Treng Ramsar Site, Cambodia

5 wetland biodiversity under threat 50% loss of global wetlands in the 20 th. century loss and degradation of habitats over-exploited resources development and population growth introduced invasive species under-studied, undervalued Invasive algae, Cambodia IUCN / Alvin Lopez Salt pans, Sri Lanka IUCN / Sanjeewa Lelwala Diama Dam on the Senegal River IUCN / Ibrahim Thiaw

6 wetlands people & species often marginalised in decision-making wetlands: understudied & undervalued wetlands generate multiple benefits for many people yet their economic values tend to be underestimated or ignored perceived to be no benefit to wetland conservation, and no cost to wetland degradation and loss

7 constraints of traditional assessment compelling reasons for policy makers to protect watersheds yet the case is often weakly made and fails to inform policy traditional assessments focus on single aspects: conservation status of species livelihoods benefits economic benefits from keeping wetlands intact rarely do arguments draw on combined information from all three types of assessment improved wetlands policy and management requires a more comprehensive information base

8 why integrated assessment process? wetlands ecosystems are some of the most valuable yet under-valued ecosystems wetlands are being over-exploited, degraded and converted in pursuit of more productive or profitable options degradation typically harms local people who depend on wetland commons, yet may be economically sub-optimal and unsustainable integrated assessment provides a powerful - and much needed influence on decision-making

9 Dis-integrated assessment process Integrated Management Objectives conceptual integration? Integrated assessment process Integrated Management Objectives DETAILED PLANNING RESEARCH Research Question 1 Research Question 2 Research Question 3 DETAILED PLANNING CONCEPTUAL INTEGRATION Jointly Derived Research/Management Questions FIELD SURVEY Biodiversity Species surveys Habitat surveys Threat assessment Valuation Species harvested Habitats used Ecosystem services Bequest, existence Livelihoods Household assets Income/expenditure Institutions Policy context Micro-macro links RESEARCH FIELD SURVEY Biodiversity Livelihoods Survey Analysis Economic Valuation DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS REPORT INTEGRATED REPORT REPORT AND PRESENTATION BIODIVERSITY VALUATION LIVELIHOODS CONCEPTUAL SYNTHESIS + + DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT ADVICE PRESENTATION PRESENTATION INTEGRATED BIODIVERSITY, VALUATION AND LIVELIHOOD INFORMATION AND MANAGEMENT ADVICE Management Plan Management Plan

10 conceptual integration Integrated assessment: describes the links between wetland ecosystems, livelihoods, economic productivity and human well-being Biodiversity assessment: establishes the links between these services and ecosystem status Valuation: expresses economic significance of the links between ecosystem services and human well-being Livelihoods analysis: describes the components of well-being in relation to ecosystems, economy and mediating factors ECOSYSTEM SERVICES CONSTITUENTS OF WELL-BEING Supporting Supporting Nutrient cycling Nutrient cycling Soil formation Soil formation Primary production Primary production Provisioning Provisioning Food Food Fresh water Fresh water Wood and fiber Wood and fiber Fuel Fuel Regulating Regulating Climate regulation Climate regulation Flood regulation Flood regulation Disease prevention Disease prevention Water purification Water purification Cultural Cultural Aesthetic Aesthetic Spiritual Spiritual Educational Educational Recreational Recreational Security Security Personal safety Personal safety Secure resource access Secure resource access Security from disasters Security from disasters Basic material for good Basic material for good life life Adequate livelihoods Adequate livelihoods Sufficient nutritious food Sufficient nutritious food Shelter Shelter Access to goods Access to goods Health Health Strength Strength Feeling well Feeling well Access to clean air & water Access to clean air & water Good social relations Good social relations Social cohesion Social cohesion Mutual respect Mutual respect Ability to help others Ability to help others Freedom of Freedom of choice and choice and action action Opportunity to be Opportunity to be able to achieve able to achieve what an individual what an individual values being and values being and doing doing Mediation by socio-economic factors such as institutions, markets and policies Adapted from Millennium Ecoystem Assessment (2005)

11 Challenges integrated wetland assessment disciplinary boundaries and jargon. Those working in one discipline may not appreciate the value or relevance of work in another practical challenges of bringing together people from different disciplines lack of existing models and tools for integrated work

12 Benefits and synergies improves insights for each aspect a more holistic picture of the full value of a wetland than collected studies from each respective discipline can provide more systematic fieldwork, optimising resources and investigators time, and reducing respondent fatigue

13 Stage A. Preparation Steps 1. Form and train the multi-disciplinary team 2. Undertake a trial assessment 3. Identifying the information required 4. Planning within the constraints 5. Collate secondary data and existing literature integration process B. Field assessment C. Analysis, Write-up and Presentation 7. Conducting the fieldwork 8. Integrated data management and storage 9. Integrated data analysis 10. Integrated presentation of results

14 which data should be collected? Should provide adequate data to answer questions identified Should be the subset of all information which forms intersection of biodiversity / livelihood / economic values relevant to overall management issue Should be feasible to collect All information on biodiversity Information which is feasible to collect All information on economic values All information on livelihoods

15 integrated assessment process Physical: Geology Seasonal hydrological regime Biodiversity: Fish, Forests Etc. Value of ecosystem services (including to distant users ) Fish Irrigation water Hydroelectricity Local livelihood systems: Fishery NTFP Institutions: Fishery policies and governance Markets

16 case study assessments Stung Treng Ramsar Site, Cambodia Mtanza-Msona Village, Tanzania

17 key activities integrated assessment toolkit case study assessments training/awareness seminars local language summaries & policy briefs national & site level dialogues

18 making the case for investing in wetland conservation and strengthening justification for conservation measures prioritising current wetland users (and losers from wetland loss) in conservation and development decisions influencing infrastructure decisions which would degrade or destroy wetlands and wetland-based livelihoods

19 general findings confirms significance of wetland biodiversity substantial wetland dependence of poor substantial value of wetland ecosystem services wetlands under threat from development and poorly regulated commercial exploitation integrated wetland assessment can promote improved policy and governance processes

20 the Darwin good practice Toolkit Tools for assessing biodiversity livelihoods environmental economics Techniques for integrating data analysis, mapping, presenting outputs

21 Thanks! The Toolkit will be available in December 2008 Contact: Freshwater Biodiversity Unit IUCN Species Programme, Cambridge, UK I species@iucn.org

22 Thanks!