PROMOTING LOCAL INITIATIVES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION FROM COASTAL COMMUNITIES IN SOC TRANG PROVINCE

Transcription

1 WORKSHOP SUMMARY REPORT: PROMOTING LOCAL INITIATIVES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION FROM COASTAL COMMUNITIES IN SOC TRANG PROVINCE Building Coastal Resilience to Climate Change Impacts in Southeast Asia Project Soc Trang, September 2012

2 Acronyms and Abbreviations BCR CRSD CDE DoNRE DFREP IUCN HH FPD NSH PLI VASI VCA Building Coastal Resilience to Climate Change Impacts in Southeast Asia Project Coastal Resources for Sustainable Development Project Centre for Development and Environment Department of Nature Resources and Environment Department of Fishery Resource Exploitation and Protection International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Household Forest Protection Department Nam Song Hau (South Bassac River) Promoting Local Initiatives Vietnam's Agency for Seas and Islands Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment

3 1. Overview 1.1 Objectives and methodology PLI workshop was co-held by IUCN's BCR team and Soc Trang SubVASI in Soc Trang City on 26 and 27 September Objectives: Methodology: Agenda: - Briefing participants on VCA findings; - Presenting the needs and initiatives for CC adaptation raised during VCA implementation for discussion, additional information and priority setting; and - Sharing information on priority actions, and draft a workplan for implementing pilot activities in Soc Trang province 1.2 Needs and recommendations from local perspectives (VCA findings) 1. Supporting Mo O community to strengthen the dike for protecting 60 ha of crop land which is critical for livelihood of the poorhhs in the area. 2. In collaboration with Soc Trang's Woman Union to implement an awareness programme on climate change issues, sustainable fishery practices, and supporting livelihood for the poor via generation of alternative incomes. 3. InconjunctionwiththeCentreforAgriculture Extension, FarmerAssociation to provide additional farmingtechniques, introduce effectivefarming and animalbreedingmodels; and where appropriate,supportcrop varietiesandlivestockforpoor farmers. 4. Supportinglocalclean water systemsforthose who found difficultto accessfresh water. Support construction of small-scaleacid waterfilter facilities (5-10 HHs/a filtrationcolumn), using cheap materials. 5. Strengthening nature conservation in the sites: - Establishment of swimming crab seed-banks in the river mouths (in collaboration with DFREP); - Awareness programme (in collaboration Woman Union and DFREP) on sustainable fishery, eradication of destructive fishing practices; and - Zonation, demarcation for the fishing activities, e.g. protected zones, limited fishing zones etc., to conserve aquatic resources (in collaboration with DFREP); and - Co-management models for mangrove plantation and protection with incentives from sustainable uses of mangrove products (in collaboration with FPD).

4 2. Results from discussion Sub-project 1: Community-based adaptation to climate change impacts through forest plantation and strengthening the dirt dike for protecting 60 ha of crop land in Mo O village, Trung Binh commune, Tran De District General information: details in VCA report Proposed activities: Motivate local resources (c.140 HHs living in the high tide effected area) to strengthen the dirt dike (most vulnerable section) using cheap and local materials. 2 m 3 km Wide: 4m; Height: 2m; Length: 3km (1 km of highly vulnerable and 2 km that needs to be improved). 4 Piloting plantation of mangrove on sandy soil and inundatedland by high tide (1ha) along the dirt dike with coastal multi-species that are suitable with local conditions in Mo O. If successful, expand this piloting model to protect 3km of the dike. Awareness rising on climate change, roles of mangroves in climate change adaptation and the needs of sustainable farming practices (with Sub-project 2). Initiate a co-management scheme for mangrove areas close to the dike (with experiences learnt from GIZ's efforts). Justification for the intervention Socio-economic aspects: Reinforced dike and mangrove co-management model were hope to help minimizing the damage caused by sea level raise on vulnerable crop land; and protect the residential area close to the dike. On the other hand, this activity will strengthen the solidarity of the communities in response to the impacts of climate change and natural disasters. Ecosystem, environmental aspects: Mangroves are protected will provide favourable habitats for other species, especially high economic value ones. If the model of mangroveafforestationonsandy soil andtidalflooding areas is successit willbea good modelforreplication in other sites in the delta. Protected mangroveswill protect land andminimizelandslidesandbrokenembankments that will help reducingsalinity intrusion in water and soil as well as protect groundwatertables for the area. Education/awareness aspects: Raising awareness oflocal peopleforthesolidarityandworktogethertocontributeandcoordinatetheimplementationofadaptation andmitigation. Besides,withtheknowledgeofclimatechangeas well

5 asthevalueofmangrovesconveyed, a better understanding ontheroleofhealthy communitiesandecosystemsinadaptationtoclimatechange will be created. Sub-project 2: Supportlivelihood and developmentof a rural cleanwaterandsanitationprogrammetoimprove climatechangeadaptation capacityforvulnerablecommunitiesinthetrung Binh andanthanhnam communes. General information: details in VCA report Proposed activities: (order by level of priority) Training courses on fishing net making for women in Cho village, Trung Binh commune, as a source of alternative incomes; Supportconstruction of 02 small-scale water supplystationsfor c. 100householdsin Vam HoandVoThanhVanvillagesofAn ThanhNam commune, andprovide50rainwatertanks for dryseason usetopoorhhs in Mo O village, Trung Binh commune. Improving the situation of organicpollutionduetothetoiletontherivers/canalsthroughsupporting sanitarylatrinescombined with a propaganda programme to raise awarenessofenvironmentalprotectionintrung BinhandAn ThanhNam communes. Enhancing livelihoods ofthe poor HHs throughthepilot models ofhigh-yield crop varieties, well adapted tothe soil conditionsin An ThanhNam communeto diversifycrops. [local people proposedbcrto supportpiloting high-yield sugarcanek88-92 on4ha]. Organizing field exchange visits to learn on other livelihoodmodels, especially climate change adaptation livelihoodsinothercoastal provincesinthemekongdelta, Vietnam as well as in othercountries. Justification for the intervention Socio-economic aspects: Vocational training programmes, livelihooddiversificationwill contribute to solving the situationofunemployedlabours;reuselocalavailability offorage sourcessuchasgrass, corn, sweet potatoeswire...createadditionalsources of incomeforvulnerable communities, particularly forwomenintrung BinhandAnThanhNam communes. The ruralcleanwaterand environmental sanitationprogramme offerswill tryto addressingtheshortage of clean water in02communes. Atthesametime, theprogrammewillhelpraising awarenessandencouragingthe better practices for sustainableuse of water resources. Ecosystem, environmental aspects: Organic pollution on the rivers/canals will be significantly reduced when the sanitary latrines are introduced hence people's health will be guaranteed. If the program is successful, it will become a model to be replicated and expanded to other areas in the district, from which the situation of water pollution will be improved. Supportingclean water facilities and rainwater instruments will help reducing illegal exploitation of groundwater. However, the environmental impactsfrom drilling wells for water supply in pumping stations need to be assessed.

6 Education/awareness aspects: The campaignfor local peopleto remove open latrines on rivers/canals, tojoinhandswithcommunityfor sustainable useandmanagefresh waterresources etc. is one of theawareness raisingactivitiesthatarebeing carried out fromschools to households with an expectationof changing local habitsand useofwaterresources. Sub-project3: Pilotmodels for converting destructive fishinggears to more environment friendly ones and conservation of localaquatic species. General information: details in VCA report Proposed activities: Support a pilotmodel to switchdestructivefishinggearstothesustainablefisheriesfor the poorin 4 fisherman groups oftrung Binh andanthanhnam communes. This comanagementmodel for management and protection ofaquaticresourcesincludessmallactivitiesas follows: Inventory and assessment of destructive fishing practices and their impacts on local fisheriesresources in fourvillagesintrung Binh andanthanhnam communes. Need assessment for changing of fishing gearsin sub-projectareas. Support fishing gear conversion forlocal fishermen withco-fundingfrom local budget andupon commitment toparticipate the model from local communities. Regulatingandmonitoringoffishing activities follows the season. Evaluation ofthemodelafter6months and one year. Support a pilot model to protect breeding aquatic resources in Trung Binh and An Thanh Nam communes (local fishery conservation areas). Mobilize the community to engage and participatethis model through an advocacy and training programme focusing on sustainable exploitation and protection of fishery resources for fishermen and their children in the two communes. Provision of necessary equipment and support the establishment of local fishery conservation areas (i.e. designing model, regulation development, and support implementation). Evaluation ofthemodelafter6months and one year. Justification for the intervention Socio-economic aspects: The change of fishing gears in the early stagescanmakefishermen's incomereduced due to an expected smaller amount of catches (only individuals at certain sizes can be caught). However,inthelongrun, their income will be increase with the recovery of fisheryresources. Ecosystem, environmental aspects: The selectivefishing practices in accordancewiththelawwillcreateopportunities forrecovering aquatic resources and the stock of key species will increaseovertime. Besides, creatingspawning grounds, releasing small fishes and eggs ofkey aquatic specieswillluremore fish species coming in,creatingthe highly abundant and diverseaquatic faunas for thearea. Education/awareness aspects: Introduction of responsible fishing to protect the aquatic resources by the coastal communities will help local communities to be more aware of their own

7 role and responsibilities in wise-use and sustainable exploitation of fishery resources. If successful, it will be likely a model for replication to other sites in the Mekong Delta. Sub-project4: SupportSoc Trang's WomenUnion inadvocacyandcommunicationto raise awarenessonclimate change adaptationattrung Binh andanthanhnam communes General information: details in VCA Proposed activities: Organizetraining courses forthecorestaffsofthe Women Union, Youth Union, Farmer Association and district/commune staffswho in charging of flood and natural disaster control andestablishment of a networkfor local core communicators. Realise the class-room lessonswithpracticalactivitiessuch as campaigns,pilotmodels on mangroveplantation and protection. Discussand implement the solutions for reducing mangrove deforestation,protecting naturalresources, community-based and ecosystembased adaptation to climate change etc.each campaign/model will attract30-35households, inwhichwomenplayacorerole. Survey/investigate needed information in pilot sites to obtain inputinformationforactivities of other sub-projectsinthebcr(sub-project2 and 3). Justification for the intervention Socio-economic aspects: Skills tocopewiththeimpactsfromclimate changeinordertoprotecthuman lifeandpropertywill be strengthened. Throughdiscussionsandsharingexperiences, village/community solidarity, relationshipswillbeenhanced, sothatthe local will be more consensus and mutually supportive in carrying out environmental protectionandlivelihood development. Ecosystem, environmental aspects: As people's awarenesshas been raised, living environmentin their areas willbeimproved, local peoplewill actively contributeto maintain environmentalhygiene.protectionofmangroveswill contribute to a reduction of greenhousegas emissions. Education/awareness aspects: Through a grassrootsnetworkofcommunicators, knowledge on climatechange adaptation/response, environmental sanitationandtheroleofecosystemswill be enhanced. 3. General discussion (with a focus on time-scale) Offourproposals, Sub-project4should be started soonest, since this will build a foundation for and contribute inputinformationto other sub-projects. Training and advocacyactivities of Subproject4together withawarenessactivitiesin other sub-projects, will create a favourableconditionsforimplementation of thebcr as well asthefull participationoflocal communities. Throughthiscollaboration, coretrainersfrom mass associationsmightbeabletoexchange experiencesandabsorb technicalknowledge transferred from other line agencies.

8 Next, we will carried out in parallel the activities of sub-projects 1and3 as they are consisted of activities indifferent areas, and targeted different groupsbut effectiveness of both needsa longtime monitoring and evaluation.thetwoproposalsare well-consistentwith the objectives ofthebcras aiming towardsthesustainable developmentfor ecosystemsandcommunitiesthroughcapacity buildingofecosystem-based adaptationas well as community-based adaptation. The sub-project 2 contents some straight-forward activitiescan be done and evaluate in a short period such as vocational training, introduction of newlatrines, etc.canbecarried outinmid The others including clean watersupplysystems can be donebytheendof2013. Someactivitiesto considersuch as supporthighyieldingsugarcane varieties, providingresilience funding to improve local s income etc.attheirlong-term effectivenessas well asconsistencywithbcr's overall goal. Lastly, theproposalsarenot always fullyconsistentwiththebcr's goal and approach (ecosystembasedadaptation toclimatechange). However, where the capacity buildingforlocal communitiesthroughenhancingknowledge, livelihooddiversification, as well as generation/ increaseincomeforlocal people would help a betteradaptation (more resilience)toclimate changeiswhat theprojectshould be considered. Annex: Budget require and time scale of pilot activities (sub-projects) (unit: VND, US$1~VND20,050) No Estimated cost (VND) Time Organisation in charge Subproject 1 Total: 300,000,000-2-layer plastic canvas (6m 3km) for dike strengthening. VND 170M - Study and pilot mangrove afforestation in sandy and deeply inundated lands. Approximate 50M for planting mangrove on alluvial soil and 100M for planting on erosion soil (experience from GIZ) - Village meetings, propaganda for mangrove planting and care along the dike. VND 30M Total: mil - Vocational training course: VND 58.1 mil/ course - Improvement of clean water system: VND 450M + Water filter stations: VND 300M (02@150M) + Rainwater tanks: VND150M (50@VND3M) - New latrines: VND360M (120@3M). - Study and pilot saline-tolerant varieties (new sugarcane)vnd72m - Exchange visits to other sites in Vietnam and region (to be defined). March IUCN, DoNRE, FPD (for M&E of plantation). - Commune People's Committee (CPC) and other mass organisation. Early IUCN, DoNRE (M&E). - Woman Union, Centre for Clean Water and Environment, Animal Health Stations, District Agricultural Offices (to implement) - CPC (collaborate and supervise). Subproject2 Subproject Total: VND400M - Switching fishing gears: VND300M (2 communes) 1 st Quarter IUCN, Sub-VASI (M&E) 3 - Aquatic Resources Conservation Areas: VND100M - DFREP and fisherman groups (to implement) - CPC (collaborate and supervise) Sub- Total: VND255M Jan WU (implement in

9 project 4 - Training courses for core staff; VND85M - Communication campaigns and other events VND70M collaboration with other organisations). - IUCN, DoNRE (provide technical assistance and supervise)