Methods to increase manure N in open beef feedlots

Transcription

1 Methods to increse mnure N in open beef feedlots Glen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, mny students Urinry N ure N Fecl N urese NH 4 + immobiliztion minerliztion Orgnic N Microbil N

2 surfce re temperture ph mendments [NH 4 ] NH 4 + MANURE immobiliztion minerliztion Orgnic N Microbil N NH 3 (voltile) Wht does not voltilize stys in mnure Phse feeding Averge diet N, 13.5% CP Summer-Yerlings 46.0 lb (71%) voltilized Feedlot pen 2.2 lb (3%) runoff 65.0 lb excreted 7.9 lb niml 72.9 lb intke 16.7 lb (26%) mnure Erickson nd Klopfenstein, 2001 Phse feeding PHASE-FED Summer-Yerlings REDUCED 32.5 % 31.3 lb (61%) voltilized Feedlot pen REDUCED 19 % 1.5 lb (3%) runoff 51.5 lb excreted 7.9 lb niml 59.5 lb intke 18.7 lb (36%) mnure Erickson nd Klopfenstein, 2001

3 How much N in mnure? Dt from 18 experiments (244 pen mens) over 10 yer period were summrized. Mke long term comprison between sesons. Chrcteristics & mount of mnure from open feedlot pens. (Kissinger et l., 2006) Biermn et l., 1999 J. Anim. Sci. Erickson nd Klopfenstein, 2001 TheScientificWorld Erickson nd Klopfenstein, 2001b TheScientificWorld Frrn et l., 2006 J. Anim. Sci. Erickson et l., 2000 Nebrsk Beef Rep. Adms et l., 2004 J. Anim. Sci. Syer et l., 2005 Nebrsk Beef Rep. Sherwood et l., 2005 Nebrsk Beef Rep. Effect of temperture on N kg/hd Summer Winter N excreted N mnure N runoff N lost Decresing surfce re Clening frequency Item Monthly End Monthly End DM OM N mnure N loss N loss, % pens, % N pens, % N Wilson et l., 2004 Nebrsk Beef Report, pp. 72

4 OM-N reltionship-combined N in mnure (lb hd -1 d -1 ) y = 0.05x R 2 = Erickson et l., 1999 NE Beef Rep. OM in mnure (lb hd -1 d -1 ) Adding crbon, winter/spring Percent N in mnure (% of excreted) ,b P < 0.01 CONTROL b BRAN b SAWDUST Adding crbon, summer 70 Percent N in mnure (% of excreted) CONTROL BRAN SAWDUST

5 Impct of DGS on N chllenge N mss blnce lb per niml P= WDGS 30 WDGS N intke N excrete N mnure N voltilize Conclusions-open lots Nitrogen intke my not impct mnure N As N intke increses N excretion increses (urine) Mnure N depends on other fctors (open-lots) Key: If N is in mnure, then less N lost vi NH 3 OM is required to retin N in mnure bedding less digestible diets? Clen frequently-decrese surfce re exposed Need more effective (chep) methods for future! Acidify mnure (cid, DCAD) Byproducts will impct mnure N nd N loss Mnure Vlue $/ton (70% DM) Item WDGS WDGS WDGS Assumptions: Using the FNMP$ model $0.19/lb N; $0.26 lb P2O5; 2006 $0.55/lb N; $0.98/lb P2O5; 2008 Much of this vlue is from P, not N Bremer et l., 2009 beef report

6 Mnure Composition 6 commercil feedlots Item Winter/Spring Summer/Fll Amt, lb DM, % OM, % DM N, % P, % P 2 O 5, % Kissinger et l., 2006 beef report Composting vs. Stockpiling Glen Erickson, Mtt Luebbe, others Chnge during composting mnure compost Recovery rtes Time DM DM As is DM N Oct My Bsed on feedlot nutrient blnce experiments Recovery bsed on mnure nutrient huled, weight of compost clculted ssuming sh weight constnt

7 Fresh Stockpile Compost Nitrogen Fresh > Stockpiled > Composted Lrney et l., 2006 Nutrient recoveries in finished compost is greter when OM is incresed Adms et l., 2004; Frrn et l., Pen Clen July 11 Turn 1 Turn 2 Turn 3 Turn 4 Turn 5 Finl Smple Oct Luebbe et l., 2008 beef report Pen Clen June 20 Turn 1 Turn 2 Turn 3 Turn Finl Smple Oct Core smples n=4/pile depth= 0.9 m Temperture n=4/pile depth = 1.2m Luebbe et l., 2009 beef report

8 OM % 2006 Stockpile Windrow b bc b d c de c e % OM Dy,b,c,d,e P < 0.05 Luebbe et l., 2008 beef report OM Recovery Stockpile Windrow 2006 b c bc d c d c d % Recovered Dy,b,c,d P < 0.05 Luebbe et l., 2008 beef report Totl N Recovery (wet) 2006 Stockpile Windrow b c bc d bc de bc de % Recovered Dy,b,c,d,e P < 0.05 Luebbe et l., 2008 beef report

9 Totl N Recovery (wet) 2007 Stockpile Compost b c c c c d % Recovery Dy Luebbe et l., 2009 beef report Totl N (wet) 2007 Stockpile Compost b c b c b d % N (DM bsis) Dy Luebbe et l., 2009 beef report Totl N (dry) 2007 Stockpile Compost % N (DM bsis) Dy Luebbe et l., 2009 beef report

10 Summry Lrgest loss of nutrients occurs erly during storge Similr DM, OM recoveries NH 4 greter for stockpiled mnure Orgnic N greter for composted mnure Totl N (wet or dry) greter for stockpiled mnure No nutrient dvntge to windrow composting, expense Other ncillry benefits: uniformity, weed seeds, odor, drying in wet yers, etc. Beef Extension Pge Beef Reports CONTACT: Glen Erickson C220 Animl Science; P. O. Box Lincoln, NE geericks@unlnotes.unl.edu PH: